推理判斷題（練習(xí)）-2025年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)（新教材新高考）

第02講推理判斷題

目錄

01模擬基礎(chǔ)練

【題型一】邏輯推斷題的考查

【題型二】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題的考查

【題型三】文章出處題的考查

【題型四】目的意圖題的考查

02重難創(chuàng)新練

03真題實(shí)戰(zhàn)練

題型一邏輯推斷題的考查

1.（2024?浙江杭州?一模）

AChinesestatemediasaidwhilethefan?spassionwasunderstandable,itdidnotsupporthisbehavior,

addingthatitwouldinterruptthegameandendangerpublicsafety.

Mostpeopleexpressedtheiradmirationforthefhn'scouragebecausehedidwhattheyhadwantedtodobut

darednotto.Atthesametime,theyalsocriticizedDifornotobeyingthegamerulesandbringingmanysecurity

riskstotheevent.

WhatdomostpeoplethinkofDi'sbehavior?

A.Theytotallyadmiredhiscourage.

B.Theycriticizedhimforattackingtheguard.

C.Theydisapprovedofhisbreakingtherules.

D.Theywantedtofollowsuitandhuggedtheirfavoritestars.

【答案】c

【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Theydisapprovedofhisbreakingtherules.（同時(shí)，他們也批評(píng)了Di不

遵守比賽規(guī)則，給賽事帶來(lái)了諸多安全隱患。廣可知，大多數(shù)人并不贊成他違反規(guī)定的做法。故選C項(xiàng)。

2.（2024?湖北高中名校大聯(lián)考）……

Whatwedoknowisthatthesimpledistractionofcheckingaphoneorseeinganotification（通知）canhave

negativeconsequences.Thisisn'tverysurprising;weknowthat,ingeneral,multitaskingdoesharmtomemoryand

performance.Oneofthemostdangerousexamplesisphoneusewhiledriving.Onestudyfoundthatmerely

speakingonthephone,nottexting,wasenoughtomakedriversslowertoreactontheroad.Ifstrueforeveryday

tasksthatarelesshigh-risk,too.Simplyhearinganotification"ding"madeparticipantsofanotherstudyperform

farworseonatask-almostasbadlyasparticipantswhowerespeakingortextingonthephoneduringthetask.

Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3?

A.Simpledistractionresultsincaraccidents.

B.Multitaskingdoesnoharmtointelligence.

C.Anotification"ding"candisturbourwork.

D.Answeringaphonescarcelyaffectsthedriver.

【答案】C

［解析］推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句"Simplyhearinganotification"ding"madeparticipantsofanother

studyperformfarworseonatask-almostasbadlyasparticipantswhowerespeakingortextingonthephoneduring

thetask.（在另一項(xiàng)研究中，僅僅聽到“?！钡奶崾韭暰蜁?huì)讓參與者在任務(wù)中表現(xiàn)得更差——幾乎和在任務(wù)中打

電話或發(fā)短信的參與者一樣糟糕。廣可知，“?！钡穆曇艨梢詳_亂我們的工作。故選C。

3.（2024?北京?三模）

Modemtechnologyhaschangedthis.Eithermanwillabolishwanorwarwillabolishman.Forthepresent,

itisnuclearweaponsthatcausethemostseriousdanger,butbacteriologicalorchemicalweaponsmay,beforelong,

offeranevengreaterthreat.Ifwesucceedinabolishingnuclearweapons,ourworkwillnotbedone.Itwillnever

bedoneuntilwehavesucceededinabolishingwar.Todothis,weneedtopersuademankindtolookupon

internationalquestionsinanewway,notascontestsofforce,inwhichthevictorygoestothesidewhichismost

skillfulinkillingpeople,butbyarbitration（通過(guò)仲裁）inaccordancewithagreedprinciplesoflaw.Itisnoteasyto

changeveryoldmentalhabits,butthisiswhatmustbeattempted.

Fromthepassagewecanlearnthatwarnowis.

A.asbadasinthepastB.worsethaninthepast

C.asnecessaryasinthepastD.notsodangerousasinthepast

【答案】52.B54.B

【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Modemtechnologyhaschangedthis”（現(xiàn)代科技改變了這一點(diǎn)）以及

“Forthepresent,itisnuclearweaponsthatcausethemostseriousdanger,butbacteriologicalorchemicalweapons

may,beforelong,offeranevengreaterthreat."（目前，造成最嚴(yán)重危險(xiǎn)的是核武器，但不久之后，細(xì)菌或化學(xué)

武器可能帶來(lái)更大的威脅。）可推知，現(xiàn)在的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)比過(guò)去更糟糕。故選B。

題型二觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題的考查

1.（2024?湖北高中名校大聯(lián)考）......

Thafswrong.Recitationallowsstudentstoexperienceatextasalivingthing,readytobetakenupbyanew

generation.Committingapoemorspeechtomemorymeanssteppingintotheauthor'sshoesandponderingwhat

hemeant.Decidingwhichwordstostresswhenrecitingmeansthinkingaboutwhatthosewordsmean.

Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardrecitation?

A.Supportive.B.Objective.

C.Opposed.D.Unclear.

【答案】A

【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Recitationallowsstudentstoexperienceatextasalivingthing,readyto

betakenupbyanewgeneration.Committingapoemorspeechtomemorymeanssteppingintotheauthor'sshoes

andponderingwhathemeant.”（背誦讓學(xué)生體驗(yàn)到文本是一種活的東西，準(zhǔn)備被新一代接受。記住一首詩(shī)或

一篇演講意味著走進(jìn)作者的角度，思考他的意圖。）可知，作者支持背誦。故選A。

2.（2024?重慶沙坪壩?模擬預(yù)測(cè)）……

Noah'scanceristreatableifcaughtearly.BryanShawwonderedwhetherthereweresignshe'dmissed.He

wentbackovereverybabypictureofNoahhecouldfindanddiscoveredthefirstwhitespotinaphototakenwhen

Noahwas12daysold.Astimewenton,itappearedmorefrequently.46Bythetimehewasfourmonthsold,itwas

showingupin25percentofthepicturestakenofhimpermonth,“Bryanrecalled.

WhichwordcanbestdescribeBryan'sfeelingsinparagraph3?

A.Terrified.B.Regretful.C.Lonely.D.Exhausted.

【答案】B

【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段"Noah'scanceristreatableifcaughtearly.BryanShawwonderedwhetherthere

weresignshe，dmissed.（諾亞的癌癥如果發(fā)現(xiàn)得早是可以治愈的。布萊恩?肖想知道他是否錯(cuò)過(guò)了什么跡象）”

可知，布萊恩認(rèn)為自己錯(cuò)過(guò)了早些時(shí)候的一些跡象，因此錯(cuò)過(guò)了治療時(shí)機(jī)。由此，可推理出他很后悔。故

選B項(xiàng)。

3.（2024?重慶沙坪壩?模擬預(yù)測(cè)）……

Yet,astheanimals'returnbecomesincreasinglywidespread,thedebateisshiftingfromwhethertobring

thembacktoaquestionofhowtomanagethemoncetheystartappearinginwaterways.Theconsequencesof

bringingbeaversbackarenotallpositive,themostcommononebeingthefloodingtheycancause,ratherthan

reduce.Inaddition,criticspointtothehighcostsofbeaver-felledtreesandbeaverreintroduction

programs."Who'sgoingtopickupthecost,who'sgoingtodotherepairs,who'sgoingtocovercroploss?9,asks

RichardBramley,afarmerfromtheYorkarea."There'snoplan.^^

WhatisRichardBramley'sattitudetowardbeaverprojects?

A.Critical.B.Appreciative.C.Neutral.D.Tolerant.

【答案】A

【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段""Who'sgoingtopickupthecost,who'sgoingtodotherepairs,who'sgoingto

covercroploss?9,asksRichardBramley,afarmerfromtheYorkarea/'There^noplan."（“誰(shuí)來(lái)承擔(dān)成本，誰(shuí)來(lái)維

修，誰(shuí)來(lái)賠償作物損失?”來(lái)自約克地區(qū)的農(nóng)民理查德?布拉姆利（RichardBramley）問道。“沒有計(jì)劃。可知，

理查德?布拉姆利認(rèn)為沒有計(jì)劃，所以對(duì)河貍項(xiàng)目持批評(píng)態(tài)度。故選A項(xiàng)。

4.（23-24高三?北京?期中）TheGreatBookSwap

Ifyoulikereading,justcomeandlookthroughthecollectionofbooks.Eachgradewillhaveitsownweekto

bringinbooks.Rightnow,eighthgradeisbringinginbooks.Wheneverygradehasbroughtinbooks,wewillhave

quiteaselection.Youwillprobablyfindatleastonenewbookthatyou'dliketoread.Whoknows?Maybeyou'll

findabooksogoodthatyouwon'tbeabletoputitdown.

Whatareyouwaitingfor?Gohomeandcleanoutyourbookshelvesandclosets!

WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesTonyHill?

A.Realistic.B.Convincing.C.Independent.D.Ambitious.

【答案】B

【解析】推理判斷題。木艮據(jù)文章最后——段“Whatareyouwaitingfor?Gohomeandcleanoutyourbookshelvesand

closets!（你還在等什么？回家把你的書架和壁櫥清理干凈！戶可知，TonyHill來(lái)勸同學(xué)們捐贈(zèng)書籍，因此他

是一個(gè)又說(shuō)服力的人。故選B。

5.（23-24高三?北京?開學(xué)考試）

Itisperhapstruetosaytherefore,thattherealpurposeofaninterviewisnottoassesstheassessableaspectsof

eachcandidatebuttomakeaguessatthethingsthatarehardtomeasure,suchaspersonality,characterandsocial

ability.Unfortunately,bothfortheemployersandapplicantsforjobs,therearemanypeopleofgreatabilitywho

simplydonotinterviewwell.Therearealso,ofcourse,peoplewhointerviewextremelywell,butarelaterfoundto

beveryunsatisfactoryemployees.Candidateswhointerviewwelltendtobequietlyconfident,butneverboastful

（自夸的）directandstraightforwardintheirquestionsandanswers;cheerfulandfriendly,butneverover-familiar;

andsincerelyenthusiasticandoptimistic.Candidateswhointerviewbadlytendtobeeitherveryshyor

over-confident.Theyeithertalktoolittleorneverstoptalking.Theyareeitherover-politeorabitrude.

Whatistheauthor9sattitudetowardstheinterview?

A.Hethinksitisagoodwayofselection.B.Hedoesn'tquiteagreewithit.

C.Heisneitherfornoragainstit.D.Itisnotclear.

【答案】B

【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Itisperhapstruetosaytherefore,thattherealpurposeofaninterviewisnot

toassesstheassessableaspectsofeachcandidatebuttomakeaguessatthethingsthatarehardtomeasure,suchas

personality,characterandsocialability.Unfortunately,bothfortheemployersandapplicantsforjobs,thereare

manypeopleofgreatabilitywhosimplydonotinterviewwell.（因止匕，也許這樣說(shuō)是對(duì)的，面試的真正目的不是

評(píng)估每個(gè)候選人可評(píng)估的方面，而是猜測(cè)那些難以衡量的方面，比如個(gè)性、性格和社交能力。不幸的是，

對(duì)于雇主和求職者來(lái)說(shuō)，有很多有能力的人只是沒有很好地面試。戶可推知，作者不太認(rèn)可面試這種做法，

故選B。

6.（2024?北京八中?模擬預(yù)測(cè)）

“Thesuggestionthatthesoundsthatdrought-stressedplantsmakecouldbeusedinprecisionagricultureseems

feasibleifitisnottoocostlytosetuptherecordinginafieldsituation,saysAnneVisscherattheRoyalBotanic

Gardens,Kew,intheUK.

Shewarnsthattheresultscan'tyetbebroadenedouttootherstresses,suchassaltortemperature,because

thesemaynotleadtosounds.Inaddition,therehavebeennoexperimentstoshowwhethermothsoranyother

animalcanhearandrespondtothesoundstheplantsmake,sothatidearemainsspeculative（推測(cè)的）fbrnow,she

says.

WhatisAnneVisscher'sattitudetowardsthefindingoftheexperiment?

A.AppreciativeB.Doubtful

C.CautiousD.Optimistic

【答案】c

【解析1推理判斷題o由倒數(shù)第二段"Thesuggestionthatthesoundsthatdrought-stressedplantsmakecouldbe

usedinprecisionagricultureseemsfeasibleifitisnottoocostlytosetuptherecordinginafieldsituation”（干旱壓

力下植物發(fā)出的聲音可以用于精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)的建議，如果在田間條件下設(shè)置錄音成本不太高的話，這一建議似

乎是可行的。）和最后一段中的“Shewarnsthattheresultscan'tyetbebroadenedouttootherstresses,suchassalt

ortemperature,becausethesemaynotleadtosounds.Inaddition,therehavebeennoexperimentstoshowwhether

mothsoranyotheranimalcanhearandrespondtothesoundstheplantsmake,sothatidearemainsspeculative（推

測(cè)的）fornow,shesays."（她警告說(shuō)，研究結(jié)果還不能擴(kuò)大到其他壓力，如鹽或溫度，因?yàn)檫@些可能不會(huì)導(dǎo)

致聲音。此外，她還說(shuō)，目前還沒有實(shí)驗(yàn)證明飛蛾或其他動(dòng)物是否能聽到并對(duì)植物發(fā)出的聲音做出反應(yīng)，

所以這個(gè)想法目前仍然是推測(cè)性的。）,可推斷出AimeVisscher對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)的發(fā)現(xiàn)抱有謹(jǐn)慎的態(tài)度。故選C項(xiàng)。

題型三文章出處題的考查

1.（2024?重慶八中?模擬預(yù)測(cè)）GreekOdysseyReaderEvent

JoinGourmeteditorJoannaHunkinforaneveningofGreekcelebrationatKafeneioninMelbourne,

Australia.

EscapetothewarmwatersoftheMediterraneanaswecelebratethenew,permanenthomeofKafeneion,a

Greekrestaurant,onSpringStreetwithasharedfeastoftraditionalGreekfavorites,inspiredbytheowners'own

familyrecipes.

Kafeneionwasoriginallyestablishedasapop-uponBourkeStreet,buttheco-ownersquicklyrealizedthey

wereontoagoodthing.Aswordspreadofthesimple-yet-vibrantmenu-whichisbuiltondishespassedthrough

theteam5sfamiliesforgenerations-theracewasontofindsomewheretocontinuethelegacy（傳承），whichset

therestaurantapartfromothers.

Now,followingabriefabsence,Kafeneionisback,takingoverTheSupperClubfordinnerservice（withthe

late-nightfavouritestillinactionfrom11pmeachnight）.Andwhatbetterplacetosettleinforaneveningofgood

foodandgreatconversation,aswecelebratetherichhistoryofGreeceandsharestoriesofadventuresoldandnew?

JoinusasexecutivechefFellipeMezzavillaimmersesusintheflavorsofGreeceandinspiresnewjourneysto

come.

VENUE:Kafeneion,Level1,161SpringSt,Melbourne

DATE&TIME:6:30pm,Wednesday,19June2024

PRICE:$140perperson,all-inclusivefourcourseswithpaireddrinksthroughout

BOOKNOW:ScantheQRcodeorvisitgreekodyssey.eventbrite.com.au

ENQUIRIES:Emailrsupgt@.au

SCANTHEQRCODETOPURCHASEJICKETSANDBOOKYOURPLACENOW

Whereisthetextmostlylikelytakenfrom?

A.Atravelbrochure.B.Acookingrecipe.

C.Afoodmagazine.D.Aresearchpaper.

【答案】c

【解析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“JoinGourmeteditorJoannaHunkinforaneveningofGreek

celebrationatKafeneioninMelbourne,Australia.（和美食編輯JoannaHunkin一起參加澳大利亞墨爾本

Kafeneion餐廳的希臘慶祝晚會(huì)）“、第二段中“EscapetothewarmwatersoftheMediterraneanaswecelebratethe

new,permanenthomeofKafeneion,aGreekrestaurant,onSpringStreetwithasharedfeastoftraditionalGreek

favorites,inspiredbytheowners'ownfamilyrecipes.（逃離到地中海溫暖的海水中，我們慶祝希臘餐廳

Kafeneion在春天街的新永久住所，分享傳統(tǒng)的希臘美食，靈感來(lái)自老板自己的家庭食譜）”和第四段中“And

whatbetterplacetosettleinforaneveningofgoodfoodandgreatconversation,aswecelebratetherichhistoryof

Greeceandsharestoriesofadventuresoldandnew?JoinusasexecutivechefFellipeMezzavillaimmersesusin

theflavorsofGreeceandinspiresnewjourneystocome.（還有什么地方比這里更適合享受美食和暢談的夜晚，

同時(shí)慶祝希臘豐富的歷史，分享新舊冒險(xiǎn)故事呢?加入我們的行政總廚FellipeMezzavilla,讓我們沉浸在希

臘的味道中，激發(fā)新的旅程）“可推知，文章推薦了墨爾本的Kafeneion餐廳舉行的GreekOdysseyReaderEvent

活動(dòng)，旨在慶祝該希臘餐廳的新址開業(yè)，并分享傳統(tǒng)的希臘美食。由此推知，這段文字最可能出自一本美

食雜志。故選C項(xiàng)。

2.（2024高三?全國(guó)?專題練習(xí)）Doyouhavefrighteningdreamswhilesleeping?Accordingtoanemailinterview

byclinicalpsychologistandsleepexpertDr.MichaelBreus,roughly5percentofthegeneralpopulationhasatleast

onebaddreamperweek.NightmarestypicallyhappenduringREMsleep,duringthemiddleandlaterpartsofthe

night.

Thereisnoexactexplanationfornightmares,butBreussaysifspossiblethattheyhelpthebrainpractise,

prepareforandevenpredictdifficultordangerousexperiencesinwakinglife.Ofcourse,it'spossiblethat

nightmares,likedreamsingeneral,don'thaveaprimaryfunction-thatthey'reaby-productofotheractivitiesin

thebody.Butmostsleepscientiststhinkthatdreamsandnightmaresexistforsomepurposes.

Onestudyfoundthemostcommonnightmarewasfalling,followedbydreamsofbeingchased,feelinglost,

andfeelingtrapped.Thenwhydonightmareshappen?

“Certaincircumstancesandcharacteristicsmakesomepeoplemorelikelytohavenightmaresthanothers,9,

sayssleepmedicinespecialistDr.BarryKrakow.Hethinkspeoplewho'vebeentraumatized（使受精神倉(cāng)ll傷）are

certainlyatahigherriskofnightmaresExamplesareofferedofthosewhohavesufferedcriminalattacks,orwho

havebeeninlife-threateningaccidents.Peoplewithsomedegreeofsensitivityintheirbiologicalmake-uparealso

morelikelytohavebaddreams,sothey'remorecommoninpeoplewhosufferfromanxietyordepression,orwho

useexcessdrugsoralcohol.Thetraditionalbeliefoftenhasitthatnightmaresaretheresultofeatingtoomuchrich

foodbeforebedtime,butitisstilluncertainwhetherthisistrue.Onestudyfrom2015didfindalinkbetweeneating

dairyorhotfoodsbeforebedtimeandhavingdisturbingdreams,butthestudyauthorsnotedthatthiscouldn,tbe

provendefinitelybecausethedatawasself-reportedandtherewerealotofotherfactorstoconsider.

However,researchinrecentdecadeshasshownthatpeoplewhosufferfromsleepdisordersarealsomore

Hkelytohavenightmares.

Fromwhichsectionofawebsiteisthetextprobablytaken?

A.Mentalhealth.

B.Lifeexperiences.

C.Eatinghabits.

D.Popularculture.

【答案】A

【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Doyouhavefrighteningdreamswhilesleeping?Accordingtoanemail

interviewbyclinicalpsychologistandsleepexpertDr.MichaelBreus,roughly5percentofthegeneralpopulation

hasatleastonebaddreamperweek.NightmarestypicallyhappenduringREMsleep,duringthemiddleandlater

partsofthenight.（你睡覺時(shí)會(huì)做可怕的夢(mèng)嗎？根據(jù)臨床心理學(xué)家和睡眠專家MichaelBreus博士的電子郵件

采訪，大約5%的人每周至少做一次噩夢(mèng)。噩夢(mèng)通常發(fā)生在快速眼動(dòng)睡眠期間，在夜間的中段和后期。戶可

知文章主要講的是科學(xué)家對(duì)于做噩夢(mèng)原因的分析以及一些導(dǎo)致做噩夢(mèng)的因素，由此可推知，文章可能選自

網(wǎng)站的心理健康部分。故選A。

3.（2024高三?全國(guó)?專題練習(xí)）Twenty-fourtrains,ninecountries,13,500miles.Theyarethenumbersbehindthe

heroicroundtriponemantookfromSouthamptonintheUKtoeasternChina.

RogerTyers,37,usedover$2,500,whichwasalmosttwicemorethanthecostofareturnflight,totravelto

theChineseportcityNingboforacademicresearchinMay,2019.Themanspentamonthonboard15trainsduring

thefirstlegofhisroundtrip.Itwastheclimatecrisis,notaloveoftrains,thatdrovethesociologisttochoosethis

complicatedrouteoverareturnflight.HestoppedflyingwhenUNclimateexpertswarnedthattheworldhadless

than11yearstoavoidterriblelevelsofglobalwarming.TyerscalculatedthathistrainjourneytoChinaproduced

almost90%lessemissionsthanareturnflight.

Tyersisnottheonlypersontoavoidairtravelinresponsetoclimatechange.Thousandsofpeople

worldwidehavepubliclypromisedtostopflying.ActivistMajaRosenlaunchedthe"FlightFree^^campaignin

Swedenwiththegoalofencouraging100,000peoplenottoflyforoneyear.Althoughonlyaround14,000people

signedtheonline“#flightfi*ee2019"pledge（保證），Rosen,whostoppedflying12yearsago,saysthatthecampaign

hadmademorepeopleworryabouttheclimatecrisisandawareofharmoftravelbyairandmotivatedthemtotry

newwaysoftravelling.

AccordingtoasurveyreleasedinMay2019bySwedishRailways（SJ）,37%ofrespondentschosetotravel

bytraininsteadofbyplanewherepossible,comparedto20%atthestartof2018.AnSJspokespersonsaid:"Rail

travelhasbeenaugmentedduetotheworries.DomesticpassengernumbersinJulyfellby12%comparedtothe

previousyear,accordingtoSwedavia,acompanywhichoperatesSweden's10busiestAirports.

“Thecollectivepledgehelpsfightthesenseofhopelessnessmanypeoplefeelwhenitcomestotackling

climatechange”,Rosensaid."Oneoftheproblemsisthatpeoplefeelthere9snopointinwhatyoudoasan

individual.Thecampaignisaboutmakingpeopleawarethatifwedothistogether,wecanactuallybringchanges.9,

Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?

A.Travel.

B.Environment.

C.Education.

D.Lifestyle.

【答案】B

【解析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第二段中“Itwastheclimatecrisis,notaloveoftrains,thatdrovethe

sociologisttochoosethiscomplicatedrouteoverareturnflight.（是氣候危機(jī)，而不是對(duì)火車的熱愛，驅(qū)使這位社

會(huì)學(xué)家選擇了這條復(fù)雜的路線，而不是回程航班）”以及第三段中“Tyersisnottheonlypersontoavoidairtravel

inresponsetoclimatechange.Thousandsofpeopleworldwidehavepubliclypromisedtostopflying.ActivistMaja

Rosenlaunchedthe“FlightFree"campaigninSwedenwiththegoalofencouraging100,000peoplenottoflyfor

oneyear.（泰爾斯并不是唯一一個(gè)為了應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化而避免乘坐飛機(jī)的人。全球數(shù)千人公開承諾不再乘坐飛

機(jī)?；顒?dòng)人士瑪雅?羅森在瑞典發(fā)起了“無(wú)飛行”運(yùn)動(dòng)，目標(biāo)是鼓勵(lì)10萬(wàn)人一年不坐飛機(jī)）”可知，文章報(bào)道了

英國(guó)社會(huì)學(xué)家羅杰?泰爾斯為應(yīng)對(duì)環(huán)境問題，選擇放棄乘坐飛機(jī)，乘坐火車往返中國(guó)進(jìn)行學(xué)術(shù)研究，他的行

為激勵(lì)了更多人關(guān)注氣候變化，嘗試新的旅行方式。本文報(bào)道的內(nèi)容與環(huán)境保護(hù)有關(guān)，所以最有可能出自

報(bào)紙的“環(huán)境”版塊。故選B。

4.(2024高三?全國(guó)?模擬)CLIMATECHANGEREQUIRESTHEWORLDSATTENTION

Wehaveknownaboutclimatechangefordecades.ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerand

warmer(seethegraph).Awarmingoceanandatmospherealongwithmeltingiceandrisingsealevelsprovide

evidenceofadramaticchangeintheglobalclimate.

In2013,alotofpeoplewereshockedbyanewsphotoofadeadpolarbearthatwasfoundonNorway9s

ArcticislandofSvalbard.Accordingtothescientistswhofounditsdeadbody,allthatremainedofthepolarbear

was“skinandbones”.Anexpertwhohasstudiedpolarbearsformanyyearssaidthatfromthepositionofitsdead

body,thebearappearedtohavestarvedanddied.Expertsclaimedthatlowsea-icelevelscausedbyclimatechange

meantthebearcouldnothuntsealsasbefore,soithadtotravelgreaterdistancesinordertofindfood.This

alarmingcaseshowedhowtheincreaseintemperaturehadanimpactonEarth'secology.

Thenwhatiscausingtheincreaseintheglobalaveragesurfacetemperature?Climatescientistsoften

mentionakeyclimateprocesscalledthe"'greenhouseeffect”,whichhastwocommonmeanings:the"natural”

greenhouseeffectandthe"man-made“greenhouseeffect.The"natural“greenhouseeffectreferstothefactthat

heatfromthesunenterstheatmosphereandwarmsEarth'ssurfaceasshort-waveradiation.Theheatisreleased

backintospaceatlongerwavelengths.Greenhousegasesintheatmosphere,suchasmethaneandcarbondioxide,

trapsomeoftheheat,keepingEarth'sclimatewarmandhabitable.Withoutthisprocess,Earthcouldnotsustain

life.However,the"man-made“greenhouseeffecthasnowbecomeabigproblem.Whenpeopleproducehuge

amountsofextragreenhousegasesbyburningfossilfuels,moreheatenergyistrappedintheatmosphereand

causesEarth'ssurfacetemperaturetorisequickly.

Thereisstrongandcomprehensiveevidencethattheriseintemperaturehasledtoanincreaseinextreme

weatherandnaturaldisastersworldwide,notonlycausingseriousdamage,butalsocostinghumanlives.Climate

scientistshavewarnedthatifwedonottakeappropriateactions,thiswarmingtrendwillprobablycontinueand

therewillbeahigherpricetopay.Infact,newsreportsarefrequentlybroadcastaboutextremerainstormsand

heatwavescausingdeathsandeconomiclosses.

Inwhichpartofanewspaperormagazinemaywefindthispassage?

A.Entertainment.B.Economy.

C.Education.D.Environment.

【答案】.D

【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thenwhatiscausingtheincreaseintheglobalaveragesurface

temperature?（那么是什么導(dǎo)致了全球平均地表溫度的上升呢？）”及全文內(nèi)容可推知，本文說(shuō)明了氣候變化帶

來(lái)的后果，為環(huán)境類科普說(shuō)明文，來(lái)自報(bào)紙或者雜志的“環(huán)境”板塊。故選D。

題型四目的意圖題的考查

1.（2024?江蘇鹽城中學(xué)?模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Whenlookingforsomevacationideastospreadoutandgetsometimeand

spacetoyourself,checkoutthesegreatresorts（度假勝地）options.

HyattZivaCapCana

LocatedinPuntaCana,thisfamily-friendlyvacationatanall-inclusiveresortofferssomethingforeveryone

inyourparty.Parentscanenjoyrelaxingbyoneoftheresort9sswim-upbarsinaninfinitypoolorheadoutfor

somedeep-seafishing.Kids,meanwhile,canheadovertothekids'clubforanumberofactivities.Plus,allofthe

drinksandfoodacrossthe14restaurantsandbarsisincluded.

BeachesTurks&Caicos

ThisresorthasbecometheCaribbean5spopulargo-towhenitcomestoall-inclusivefamilyvacationsthat

providegreatvaluesincethere5ssomuchtodoforguestsofallages.There?sa45,000-square-fdotwaterpark,24

restaurants,unlimitedPADI-certifiedscubadivingandwatersports,a12-milebeach,aspa,10pools-whew!

TheAlisalGuestRanch

Ifyouliveinthecityandwanttogetbacktonature,thisluxuryfarmovernearly11,000acresin

California^SantaYnezValleyisaperfectfitforafamily.Allthatwide-openspacemeansactivitieslike

horsebackriding,sceniccycling,hiking,fishing,kayakingand,forthebody-and-spirit-mindedtravelerinyour

group,yoga.

MontagePalmettoBluff

The20,000-acrecommunityincludesanaturepreservewithwalkingtrails,buttherealstarsoftheshowhere

aretheover300speciesofbirds.Theresort9sresidentnaturalisttakesfamiliesonwalkstoBirdIsland,sharinga

historyofthearea.Plus,kidswilllovethekayaktoursthatgetupclosetothedolphinsthatlivethereyear-round.

Whatisthepurposeofthetext?

A.Toorganizesomefamilyparties.B.Tohighlightsometouristresorts.

C.Tointroducesomenaturereserves.D.Tostimulatesomedomesticneeds.

【答案】B

【解析】考查寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第一段的"Whenlookingforsomevacationideastospreadoutandgetsometime

andspacetoyourself,checkoutthesegreatresortsoptions.（當(dāng)你想要尋找一些度假的想法，讓自己有時(shí)間和空

間的時(shí)候，看看這些很棒的度假勝地。）”可知，文章的目的是宣傳一些旅游勝地。故選B。

2.（2024?湖北襄陽(yáng)四中?模擬）……

IntheMonongahelaNationalForest,TaylorLockwooddiscoveredanunusualmushroomthatlookedlike

tinyfingerswearingoff-whitegloves.Upondeeperinvestigation,fungiresearcherAmyRossmanconfirmedthatit

wasa“hazelglove“mushroom,whichisararefind.'"Mushroomsarenotlikeplants,9,Rossmansays."Theydon't

comeupatthesametimeeveryyear,andsosometimesitcanbedecadesbetweenwhenafungusfruits.^^Rossman

saysthafswhyit'ssovaluabletohavepeoplelikeTaylorLockwoodsearchingthroughtheforestwithatrained

eye.

Afewyearsago,TaylorLockwoodrealizedthatstillphotosweren'tsufficient,sohechosetocreate

time-lapse（延日寸拍攝的）videosofmushrooms.4tWhenIdotime-lapse,Iseesomuchlifehappeningaroundthe

mushrooms-insects,wormsandothersmallcreaturesinteractingwiththem,^^hesays.Lockwood'slovefbrartis

evidentinhisapproachtofilmingmushroomsovertime.Althoughheappreciatesthescientificaspectofhiswork,

heidentifieshimselfasanartistatheart.

WhydidLockwooddecidetomaketime-lapsevideosofmushrooms?

A.Toimprovehisphotographytechniques.

B.Tocapturedynamiclifeinanartisticway.

C.Tocollectbiologicaldatafbrdeeperresearch.

D.Touseanewapproachtoscientificstudies.

【答案】B

【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“"WhenIdotime-lapse,Iseesomuchlifehappeningaroundthe

mushrooms——insects,wormsandothersmallcreaturesinteractingwiththem,^^hesays.Lockwood'sloveforartis

evidentinhisapproachtofilmingmushroomsovertime.Althoughheappreciatesthescientificaspectofhiswork,

heidentifieshimselfasanartistatheart.（“當(dāng)我進(jìn)行延時(shí)攝影時(shí),我看到蘑菇周圍發(fā)生了很多生命----昆蟲、

蠕蟲和其他小生物與它們互動(dòng)，”他說(shuō)。洛克伍德對(duì)藝術(shù)的熱愛體現(xiàn)在他隨著時(shí)間的推移拍攝蘑菇的方法上。

盡管他欣賞自己作品的科學(xué)方面，但他將自己視為內(nèi)心的藝術(shù)家。）”可推知，Taylor決定拍攝蘑菇的延時(shí)視

頻是為了以藝術(shù)的方式捕捉動(dòng)態(tài)生活，故選B項(xiàng)。

3.（2024?江蘇海安高級(jí)中學(xué)?模擬）

Don'tmistakeallmomentsasequalinsignificance.There9sareasonwhyyogaclassesendwithsavasana（挺

臣卜式）.There5sareasonweeatdessertlast.Doorganizeendingscarefully.AsSeattleSeahawkscoachPeteCarroll

mightsay:Finishstrong.Lastimpressionsareespeciallylasting.

WhyisPeteCarrollmentionedinthelastparagraph?

A.Toshowtheimportanceofdoingsports.

B.Toexplainwhylastimpressionsarelasting.

C.Toprovethepeak-endrulecanbeusedinsports.

D.Toencouragereaderstovaluethelastmomentsofanexperience.

【答案】D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Doorganizeendingscarefully.