2025版高考英語一輪復習選修8Unit3Inventorsandinventions學案含解析新人教版

PAGE選修8Unit3Inventorsandinventions————[單元主題語境]———人與社會之獨創(chuàng)、專利申請、宏大的獨創(chuàng)家(全國卷Ⅱ)話題：激發(fā)學生的創(chuàng)建性詞數(shù)：280難度：★★★★Fiveyearsago,whenItaughtartataschoolinSeattle,IusedTinkertoysasatestatthebeginningofatermtofindoutsomethingaboutmystudents.IputasmallsetofTinkertoysinfrontofeachstudent，andsaid：“MakesomethingoutoftheTinkertoys.Youhave45minutestoday—and45minuteseachdayfortherestoftheweek.”Afewstudentshesitatedtostart.Theywaitedtoseewhattherestoftheclasswoulddo.Severalotherscheckedtheinstructionsandmadesomethingaccordingtooneofthemodelplansprovided.Anothergroupbuiltsomethingoutoftheirownimaginations.OnceIhadaboywhoworkedexperimentallywithTinkertoysinhisfreetime.Hisconstructionsfilledashelfintheartclassroomandagoodpartofhisbedroomathome.Iwasdelightedatthepresenceofsuchastudent.Herewasanexceptionallycreativemindatwork.HispresencemeantthatIhadanunexpectedteachingassistantinclasswhosecreativitywouldinfect(感染)otherstudents.Encouragingthiskindofthinkinghasadownside.Irantheriskoflosingthosestudentswhohadadifferentstyleofthinking.Withoutfailonewoulddeclare,“ButI'mjustnotcreative.”“Doyoudreamatnightwhenyou'reasleep？”“Oh,sure.”“Sotellmeoneofyourmostinterestingdreams.”Thestudentwouldtellsomethingwildlyimaginative.Flyingintheskyorinatimemachineorgrowingthreeheads.“That'sprettycreative.Whodoesthatforyou？”“Nobody.Idoit.”“Really—atnight,whenyou'reasleep？”“Sure.”“Trydoingitinthedaytime,inclass,okay？”[語篇解讀]本文是一篇記敘文。作為一名老師，作者用一種玩具培育孩子們的創(chuàng)建性和動手實力，其中一個孩子的創(chuàng)建性引起了作者的留意。5．TheteacherusedTinkertoysinclassinorderto.A．knowmoreaboutthestudents B．makethelessonsmoreexcitingC．raisethestudents'interestinart D．teachthestudentsabouttoydesign解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段的“IusedTinkertoysasatestatthebeginningofatermtofindoutsomethingaboutmystudents”可知，作者利用萬能工匠這種玩具是為了更多地了解學生。答案：A6．Whatdoweknowabouttheboymentionedinparagraph3?A．Helikedtohelphisteacher. B．Hepreferredtostudyalone.C．Hewasactiveinclass. D．Hewasimaginative.解析：推理推斷題。第三段作者描述這個學生，說他特殊有創(chuàng)建性(wasanexceptionallycreativemindatwork)。答案：D7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“downside”inparagraph4probablymean?A．Mistake. B．Drawback.C．Difficulty. D．Burden.解析：詞義揣測題。前文提到作者很寵愛這個學生，說這個學生的創(chuàng)建性能夠感染其他學生，下文說“冒著失去那些有不同的思索風格的學生的風險”，依據(jù)語境前后的對比推斷，downside的含義應當是drawback“不利條件，缺點”。答案：B8．Whydidtheteacheraskthestudentstotalkabouttheirdreams?A．Tohelpthemtoseetheircreativity.B．Tofindoutabouttheirsleepinghabits.C．Tohelpthemtoimprovetheirmemory.D．Tofindoutabouttheirwaysofthinking.解析：推理推斷題。作者激勵學生講解并描述他們最好玩的夢，然后激勵學生說，“白天在課堂上也試一試做夢，好嗎？”由此推斷，作者讓學生講解并描述他們的夢，是為了幫助學生看到自己的創(chuàng)建性。答案：A一、語言實力熟詞生義/詞類活用1．therest剩余部分；其余者2．instructionsn．說明書3．presencen．出席，在場4．runtheriskof冒著……的風險二、思維品質1．閱讀技巧——題干定位法細心審題，帶著問題找答案。先看文章后面的問題，留意題干中的關鍵詞，如人物、時間、事務等，做到有的放矢。依據(jù)題干中的標記性詞語在原文中定位相關信息，細致比較所給選項與文中細微環(huán)節(jié)的微小區(qū)分，找到與原文相符的選項，以確定正確答案。例如第5題，從題干的“inorderto”推斷，本題詢問作者在課堂運用這種玩具的目的，第一段提到“asatestatthebeginningofatermtofindoutsomethingaboutmystudents”，由此可知，作者的目的是更多地了解自己的學生。故選A項。2．分析長難句并翻譯句子HispresencemeantthatIhadanunexpectedteachingassistantinclasswhosecreativitywouldinfectotherstudents.[分析]本句為復合句。that引導的是賓語從句，作meant的賓語；在賓語從句中包含了由whose引導的定語從句，關系詞whose在從句中作定語，表示所屬關系。[翻譯]他的出現(xiàn)意味著課堂上我有一個意料之外的教學助手，他的創(chuàng)建力會感染其他學生。三、文化素養(yǎng)思索：通過閱讀這篇文章，你認為學校培育學生創(chuàng)建性思維有何意義？“創(chuàng)新是一個民族的靈魂，是一個國家興盛發(fā)達的動力。創(chuàng)新要靠人才，而人才來源于良好的教化?！睂W校努力培育學生具有較強的創(chuàng)建性思維，其現(xiàn)實意義和深遠影響不言而喻，培育學生的創(chuàng)建性思維實力是提高學生素養(yǎng)、推動新課程改革、進行素養(yǎng)教化的重要任務之一。授課提示：對應學生用書第240頁NO.1單詞——在語境中應用，在拓展中記多01核心單詞…………[先識記]請依據(jù)漢語提示完成下列詞塊1．filethereport把報告歸檔2．dialthenumber撥號3．claimagainstdamage要求賠償損失4．seizeanopportunity抓住機會5．beartheresponsibility擔當責任6．tapsb.ontheshoulder輕拍某人的肩膀7．distinguishrightfromwrong明辨是非8．a(chǎn)practicalmethod一個好用的方法9．a(chǎn)passiveresponse消極的反應10．bevalidfortwoweeks有效期兩周[再拓展]請?zhí)钊肜ㄌ杻?nèi)單詞的正確形式1．Inwesterncountries，thenumber“thirteen”isusuallyassociatedwithbadluck，butactuallythereisn'tanyassociationbetweenthem.(associate)2．Itisfreezingoutsidenow，andmoresnowisfallingonalreadyfrozenstreets.(freeze)3．AlthoughtherearemanypracticaldifficultiesinlearningoralEnglish，youmustkeeppracticingspeakingeveryday.(practice)4．Ifnobodycanproveyourinnocencehowcanyousayyouareinnocent？(innocent)5．Themercilesskingshowednomercyandkilledalltheprisoners.(merciful)6．YoucanvisitProfessorLiwhenitisconvenient，thatis，athisconvenience.Hishouseisconvenientlynearthebusstop.(convenient)7．Thisismyoccasionalvisittothethemepark，inwhichIoccasionallymeetthecartooncharactersIlikemost.(occasion)8．Hetookmeasurestomakeuphisfault，whichreceivedourrecognition(recognize)．02閱讀單詞…………標注不相識的單詞，回查單詞表重新記憶□patent□forehead□perfume□extension□string□greengrocer□stable□microphone□abrupt□glue□criterion□dynamic□wire□straw□current□triangle□version□court□lantern□courtyard□powder□stainless□cube□dotNO.2短語——在拼法中記牢，在聯(lián)想中積累[必會短語]請依據(jù)漢語提示完成下列詞塊1．ringback回電話2．ringoff掛斷電話3．nowandthen間或；有時4．setaboutreading起先閱讀5．setouttounderstand起先明白6．diveintotheargument一心投入這場爭辯7．getthroughthenovel看完這本小說8．hangontotherope緊抓繩子9．callmeupatanytime隨時打電話給我10．beoutoforder次序顛倒；發(fā)生故障[詞匯積累]1．“抓住”這些動詞①seize抓??；捉?、赾atch抓?。唤幼、踘rasp抓??；駕馭④hold抓住；限制⑤capture抓??；俘獲⑥clutch抓??；緊握2．含fore-前綴的單詞面面觀①foreheadn.額頭②forearmn.前臂③forecastvt.預報；預料④foreseevt.預見；預知⑤foresightn.遠見；預見⑥foretellv.預言；預示3．“間或；有時”全接觸①attimes間或；有時②nowandthen間或；有時③onoccasion間或；有時④byaccident有時；時而⑤onceinawhile間或；有時⑥fromtimetotime有時；間或NO.3句式——在解讀中學懂，在學寫中學通請依據(jù)提示完成下列句子1．so...that...“如此……以至于……”，引導結果狀語從句黃先生如此細心愛護，以至于我們都很寵愛他。Mr.Huangissocarefulandconsideratethatwealllikehim.(2024·高考全國卷Ⅰ)2．“祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋陳述句”結構別擔憂，假如你為你的英語學習制定一個適當?shù)陌才?，一切都會很簡單。Don'tworry,andeverythingwillbeeasyifyoumakeaproperplanforyourEnglishstudy.(2024·天津3月高考)3．Thereseems/seemedtobe...看起來好像……好像有更好的方法來解決這個麻煩的問題了。Thereseemedtobeabetterwaytosolvethisthornyproblem.授課提示：對應學生用書第241頁1．distinguishvt.&vi.顯示……的差別；使……有所不同；辨別[寫作佳句]Althoughheisdistinguishedasateacherforpublishingsomeessays，hefailstodistinguishbetweenteachingandlearning.作為老師，雖然他因發(fā)表論文而出名，但他不能把教學和學習區(qū)分開來。[歸納拓展](1)distinguishbetweenAandB區(qū)分A和Bdistinguish...from...把……與……區(qū)分開來distinguishoneselfas某人作為……而出名(2)distinguishedadj.卓越的；聞名的；杰出的bedistinguishedfor...因……而出名bedistinguishedas...作為……而出名[實戰(zhàn)演練]基礎練透——單句語法填空①Thetwinsaresoalike，soit'sdifficulttodistinguishonefromtheother.②Tobehonest，Iadmireyourdistinguished(distinguish)achievements.③Asfarasweallknow,LangPinghasalreadydistinguishedherself(she)asagreatvolleyballcoachintheworld.實力提升——完成句子④Inthiscase,peopleshouldbeeducatedtoraisetheirawarenessofdistinguishingfalseinformation.在這種狀況下，應當教化人們提高辨別錯誤信息的意識。2．bearvt.(bore，borne)忍受；忍耐；負擔；擔當；生育；結果實；帶有；攜帶[寫作佳句]Bearingaheavyburden，shehastoworkhardtobringupherchildren.肩負重擔，她必需努力工作撫養(yǎng)孩子。[歸納拓展](1)can'tbeardoing/todosth.不能忍受做某事can'tbearsb./sb.'sdoingsth.不能忍受某人做某事(2)bear/keepsth.inmind記住……bear/keepinmindthat...記住……[實戰(zhàn)演練]基礎練透——一詞多義①WhydoIhavetobearallthecostsofrepair？負擔；擔當②Shecouldn'tbearthethoughtofleavingherparents.忍受③Shedidbearahealthybabyinhospitalyesterday.生育④Someofthenewly-plantedappletreeshavealsobeguntobear.結果實實力提升——詞匯升級⑤Pleaserememberthatsuccesscomesfromhardworkwhilelazinessleadstofailure.→Pleasebear/keepinmindthatsuccesscomesfromhardworkwhilelazinessleadstofailure.3．a(chǎn)ssociatevt.聯(lián)想；聯(lián)系n.同伴；伙伴[寫作佳句]Ifeelhonoredtohavethechancetolive，workandassociatewiththem.我覺得很榮幸有機會和他們一起生活、工作和相處。[歸納拓展](1)associate...with...使……與……聯(lián)系起來associatewithsb.與某人交往/聯(lián)系(2)beassociatedwith與……有關(3)associationn．聯(lián)合；聯(lián)想；交往；協(xié)會；社團inassociationwith與……聯(lián)合/有關聯(lián)[實戰(zhàn)演練]基礎練透——單句語法填空①Ifyouassociatewithpositive-thinkingpeople,youaredefinitelygoingtoachievesuccess.②Healthisfrequentlythoughttobeassociated(associate)withabalanceddietandplentyofexercise.③Healwaysassociatesthesmellofthoseflowerswithhishappychildhood.實力提升——完成句子④Weareworkinginassociationwithalocalcompanytoraisemoneyforthehomeless.我們正與一家產(chǎn)地公司聯(lián)合為無家可歸的人籌錢。4．callup給……打電話；使想起；呼喚[寫作佳句]WhenIcalledupmymotherinthecountrysideonthetelephoneshewasveryupset.我給住在鄉(xiāng)下的母親打電話的時候，她感到很心煩。[歸納拓展]callat探望(某個地點)calloff取消；停止callon/upon探望(某人)；號召callfor需求；須要；去接(某人)callin邀請；請來；叫……來幫忙[實戰(zhàn)演練]基礎練透——單句語法填空①Theirtravelplanwascalledoffbecauseofthebadweather.②Mr.Whitewastocallatmyhouseafterhefinishedhisspeech.③Successinschoolcallsformuchhardwork.④Icalledupmymothertoaskifshewantedtolivewithusinthecity.實力提升——完成句子⑤AweekbeforeEarthDay，posterswereputuparoundourschool，callingon/uponustojoinintheactivityforagreenerearth.地球日前一周，我們學校到處都張貼了海報，號召我們加入綠色地球的行動中來。5．getthrough設法聯(lián)系上(尤指打通電話)；(設法)做完；通過；熬過；用完[寫作佳句]Afterthat，heknewhecouldgetthroughanyemergencybydoingwhathecouldtothebestofhisability.在此之后，他知道只要盡全力就能勝利應對一切緊急事務。[歸納拓展]get(sth.)across(tosb.)使(某事)被(某人)理解getalongwithsb.與某人相處；進展getawaywithsth.攜某物潛逃；不因某事受懲處getdownto(doing)sth.起先做某事；細致處理某事getover熬過；克服(困難)；從……中復原過來[實戰(zhàn)演練]基礎練透——一詞多義①Imanagedtogetthroughmyworkintime.(設法)做完②Itriedphoninghim，butIcouldn'tgetthroughtohim.打通電話③Writinghelpedhergetthroughtheroughdays.度過④Hegotthroughtheexamandhiseffortspaidoff.通過實力提升——完成句子⑤IfyouarewillingtostudyinChina,getintouchwithmeandIwillhelpyouwheneveryouneedme.假如你情愿在中國學習，和我電話聯(lián)系。無論你何時須要我，我都會幫助你。⑥Asanoutgoingboy，Inearlygetalongwellwitheveryonearoundme.(2024·高考全國卷Ⅰ)作為一個外向的男孩，我?guī)缀鹾臀疑磉叺拿總€人都相處得很好。6．祈使句＋and＋陳述句[教材原句]Followitup，exploreallaroundit，andbeforeyouknowit，youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.跟蹤下去，不斷探究，不知不覺中你就會發(fā)覺某種值得思索的東西占據(jù)著你的頭腦。[歸納拓展](1)祈使句＋and＋陳述句＝If...，＋主句(2)祈使句＋or(else)/otherwise＋陳述句＝If...not...，＋主句(3)名詞詞組＋and＋陳述句[實戰(zhàn)演練]基礎練透——單句語法填空①Givemeachance，andIwillrewardyouwithmore.②Giveupsmoking，or/otherwiseitmaydoharmtoyourhealth.③Abitmoreeffort，Ithink，andyouwillsettletheproblem.實力提升——句型轉換Ifyouworkhard，youwillmakegreatprogress.→④Workhard，andyouwillmakegreatprogress.→⑤Workinghard，youwillmakegreatprogress.授課提示：對應學生用書第243頁[教材與高考]Ⅰ.閱讀理解障礙詞1．閱讀詞匯認知①(2024·高考全國卷Ⅰ)AllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbeinpossessionofavalidticketbeforeboarding.adj.有效的②(2024·高考全國卷Ⅰ)Thelikables'plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.vt.開發(fā)；發(fā)掘；利用(資源、學問等)③(2024·高考天津卷)Iwasreadytopayformybananasatthegroceryonenight,whenfearseizedme.Mywalletwasgone.vt.(心情)侵襲；突然限制2．一詞多義①(2024·高考浙江卷)Hundredsoffansjammedtheairporttogreetthem.AA．擠進 B．果醬C．堵塞 D．堵塞②(重慶卷)Now,itisstillhangingonthewallofmybedroom.DA．不掛斷 B．稍等C．緊緊握住 D．懸掛③(2024·高考北京卷)Thesedevelopmentsarelikelytomakeourcurrentproblemswithrobocallsmuchworse.CA．水流 B．電流C．現(xiàn)在的 D．流通的Ⅱ.語言運用高頻點1．語法填空①(2024·高考全國卷Ⅲ)Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetouttofind(find)thewell-knownpainter.②(2024·高考全國卷Ⅰ)Butthesport'sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautious(caution)inadoptingthesport.③(2024·高考全國卷Ⅲ)Duetotheseproblems,wehopetogetyourhelpatyourconvenience(convenient).④(2024·高考全國卷Ⅰ)Itendsabruptly(abrupt)at3,000meters,givingwaytolandsoflowgrowingplants.⑤(2024·高考全國卷Ⅱ)Forthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezing(freeze)astheyaremuchsweeter.2．完形填空①(2024·高考全國卷Ⅱ)Backhome,Ehlerswastroubledbythatlostdog.So,fourdayslater,hecalledhisfriendGreg,andthetwodroveback.Afteralongandcarefulsearch,Gregsaw,acrossafield,thedogmoving48away.Ehlerseventuallysucceededincoaxingtheanimaltohim.Nervousnessandfearwerereplacedwithjoy.Itjuststartedlicking(舔)Ehlers'face.A．cautiously B．casuallyC．skillfully D．a(chǎn)ngrily解析：依據(jù)后面的nervousnessandfear可知，那只狗受到驚嚇，感到驚慌擔憂和恐驚，因此當Greg望見它的時候，它正在當心謹慎地(cautiously)移動。casually“隨意地”；skillfully“奇妙地，精致地”；angrily“生氣地”。答案：A②(2024·高考江蘇卷)Thiswasalongjourneyofunaccustomedhardshipandsurprisingrecovery.Whenleavinghome,RaynorandMothhadjust￡320inthebank.Theyplannedtokeepthebudgetlowbylivingonboilednoodles,withthe42hamburgershoptreat.A．frequent B．occasionalC．a(chǎn)bundant D．constant解析：因為預算低，他們只能靠煮面條過活，間或(occasional)去漢堡店款待一下自己?？蘸蟮膖reat是名詞，有“請客，款待”之意。frequent“常見的”；abundant“足夠的”；constant“常常的”。答案：BⅢ.書面表達亮點練1．(2024·天津3月高考)在此，我為大家