全國(guó)統(tǒng)考2025屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)必修4Unit2Sportsevents課時(shí)作業(yè)含解析

PAGE十一必修4Unit2SportseventsⅠ.閱讀理解A(2024·安丘模擬)Breakdancingissettomakeitsfirstdebut(亮相)asanOlympicsportatParis2024,TonyEstanguet,headoftheParisorganizingcommittee,saidonFebruary21st.Skateboarding,sportclimbingandsurfing,whichhavealreadybeenaddedtotheprogrammeforthe2024TokyoOlympics,havebeeninvitedtoreturninParisfouryearslater.TonyEstanguetsaidthechoicesrespondedtoaneedtomaketheOlympics“moreurban”and“moreartistic”.WehavechosentopresenttheInternationalOlympicCommittee(IOC)withthefoursportsbecausetheyarecreative,appealingtoyouthandcompletelyinlinewithourvision.TheyreflectperfectlyParis2024’sidentity.Breakdancingisanexampleofasport“Whichcanbeplayedanywhereandanytimeinurbanandotherenvironment.”Itappearedatthe2024YouthOlympicsinBuenosAiresintheformofhead-to-head“battles”.Incompetitivebreakdancing,“breakers”faceoffin“battles”againsteachother,eitherasindividualsorteams.Breakdancersuseamixofphysicalandartisticskillscombiningelementsfromgymnasticsoracrobatics(雜技).TheIOChadannouncedthatthenumberofcompetitorsatParis2024wouldberestrictedto10,500,whichlimitedtheopportunitytoaddsports.ButtheorganizerssaidtheinclusionofthefoursportsinPariswouldnotnecessitatetheconstructionofpermanentfacilitiesandwouldinvolvejust248competitors,ofwhich32wouldbeinbreakdancing.ThesurfingeventsarelikelytobeheldinestablishedsurfcentressuchasBiarritzorLacanauinsouthwestFrance.TheinclusionstillneedtoberubberstampedbytheIOC,whichisexpectedtodecideonwhichsportstoaddinParisafternextyear’sTokyoGames.

【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。巴黎組委會(huì)主席托尼·埃斯特古2月21日表示,霹靂舞將在2024年巴黎奧運(yùn)會(huì)上首次亮相。文章介紹了將霹靂舞等運(yùn)動(dòng)納入奧運(yùn)會(huì)的緣由,意義等相關(guān)信息。1.Whatdoweknowaboutbreakdancing?A.Itinvolvesmultipleskills.B.It’slimitedtogroupcompetition.C.ItwillshowupinParis2024.D.Itneverappearedintheworldevents.【解析】選A。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中Breakdancersuseamixofphysicalandartisticskillscombiningelementsfromgymnasticsoracrobatics.可知,霹靂舞者既運(yùn)用體操又運(yùn)用藝術(shù)技能,將來(lái)自體操或雜技的因素結(jié)合在了一起。由此可知,霹靂舞須要多重技能,故A項(xiàng)正確。2.WhyhaveParisorganizerschosenthefoursports?A.Becausetheyattractyoungpeople.B.BecausetheyperfectlyreflectParis’identity.C.BecausetheymakeParismoreurbanandartistic.D.Becausetheycanbeplayedanytimeandanywhere.【解析】選A。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中WehavechosentopresenttheInternationalOlympicCommittee(IOC)withthefoursportsbecausetheyarecreative,appealingtoyouthandcompletelyinlinewithourvision.可知,因?yàn)檫@四項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)具有創(chuàng)建性,吸引年輕人,完全符合委員會(huì)的愿景,故選A項(xiàng)。3.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?A.10,500competitorswillcompeteforthenewsports.B.MoresurfcentreswillbespeciallydesignedforParis2024.C.TheIOCwillrejecttheproposalbecauseofinadequatefacilities.D.Theinclusionwon’trequireadditionalcompetitionspacetobebuilt.【解析】選D。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中ButtheorganizerssaidtheinclusionofthefoursportsinPariswouldnotnecessitatetheconstructionofpermanentfacilitiesandwouldinvolvejust248competitors,ofwhich32wouldbeinbreakdancing.ThesurfingeventsarelikelytobeheldinestablishedsurfcentressuchasBiarritzorLacanauinsouthwestFrance.可知,這項(xiàng)安排不須要建立永久性設(shè)施,只涉及248名參賽者,其中包括32名霹靂舞參賽者。沖浪競(jìng)賽很可能在法國(guó)西南部的比亞里茨或拉卡諾等既定的沖浪中心實(shí)行。由此推知,這項(xiàng)安排不會(huì)再須要建設(shè)額外的場(chǎng)地,故選D項(xiàng)。4.Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwords“rubberstamped”inthelastparagraph?A.approvedB.canceledC.submitted D.designed【解析】選A。詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)whichisexpectedtodecideonwhichsportstoaddinParisafternextyear’sTokyoGames可知,國(guó)際奧委會(huì)將在明年?yáng)|京奧運(yùn)會(huì)后確定在巴黎(奧運(yùn)會(huì))增加哪些體育項(xiàng)目。由此推知,前面應(yīng)當(dāng)指“增加這些競(jìng)賽項(xiàng)目仍舊須要國(guó)際奧委會(huì)的同意”。故畫(huà)線詞應(yīng)表示“同意,認(rèn)可”這樣的意思,故選A項(xiàng)?！緦W(xué)問(wèn)拓展】長(zhǎng)難句分析TheIOChadannouncedthatthenumberofcompetitorsatParis2024wouldberestrictedto10,500,whichlimitedtheopportunitytoaddsports.分析:本句為主從復(fù)合句。that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句;which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。翻譯:國(guó)際奧委會(huì)已經(jīng)宣布2024年巴黎奧運(yùn)會(huì)的參賽人數(shù)將被限制在10,500人以內(nèi),這限制了增加體育項(xiàng)目的機(jī)會(huì)。BIrecallwhenIwasyoungbackinCanada,IwassittingandwatchingabaseballgameonTVwithmyfatherandwestartedtodebatetheimportanceofsports.Atoddswithmyfather,Iarguedwithalltheoverconfidenceofateenagerthatsportsisnotjustaninterestinsparetimetokeepusphysicallyhealthyandwentasfarastoshoutthat“Therewouldbemorewarsifwedidn’thavesports!”Asanadult,myteenagetendenciesofoverstatementmayhavefadedbutIstillfirmlybelievethatsportsismorethanjustrecreationforbothparticipantsandtheaudience.Thechallengingtimeswearealllivingthroughrightnowwiththepandemic(流行病)areproofofthis.Thechangescausedbycallingoffallsportsfromprofessionalleaguesrightdowntoamateurathleticprograms,canbefeltbymillionsofpeopleworldwide.Tomanythesocialemotionalimpactisstronger.Thelossofthesenseofcommunity,ofbelonging,andofanextendedfamilyisrealformanypeople.Othersarefeelingthey’reinpoorphysicalconditionaswellastheyarestrugglingtoovercomeinactivitiesduringthesetimes.Butthehumanraceisunbelievableandadaptableinhardsituations,andsportsonceagainisplayingarole.Sportsteamsarestayingintouchonlineandareasourceofmuchneededsupport,loveandlaughterinthesetimes.Somanyprofessionalathletesareplayingvitalrolesthroughthiscrisisbysharingtheirmessagesofsupportandattimes,makingvaluabledonationstopeopleinneed.Eveninareaswherepeopleareseparatedfromothers,theyarecomingoutontheirbalconies(陽(yáng)臺(tái))andleadingtheirneighboursthroughaworkoutprogrammetohelpthemgetinvolved.Otherathletesareturningtoonlineworkoutprogrammesforpeopletofollow.Onceagain,sportsisfindingitsway.And,inchallengingconditionssuchasnow,peoplearestillabletocontinuetheirsportsjourneyandstaystrongandhealthy.【文章大意】體育運(yùn)動(dòng)無(wú)論對(duì)參加者還是觀眾來(lái)說(shuō)都不僅僅是一項(xiàng)消遣活動(dòng),它可以使我們保持身心健康,即使在困難的日子里也能給人力氣。5.Whatmaytheauthor’sfatheragreeonsports?A.Itisapersonalhobby.B.Itaffectssocialties.C.Itboostsconfidence.D.Ithelpsavoidwars.【解析】選A。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Atoddswithmyfather,Iarguedwithalltheoverconfidenceofateenagerthatsportsisnotjustaninterestinsparetimetokeepusphysicallyhealthyandwentasfarastoshoutthat‘Therewouldbemorewarsifwedidn’thavesports!’”可知,作者認(rèn)為體育運(yùn)動(dòng)不僅僅是用來(lái)保持身體健康的一種愛(ài)好,沒(méi)有體育甚至?xí)?dǎo)致更多斗爭(zhēng),而父親的觀點(diǎn)與作者不同,由此可知,作者的父親應(yīng)當(dāng)是認(rèn)為體育運(yùn)動(dòng)只是一種個(gè)人愛(ài)好,故選A。6.Whatistheimpactofcancellingsportsonpeople?A.Theybecomeimpatientandlonely.B.Theycommunicatelesswiththeirfamily.C.Theylosetheirsocialskillsgradually.D.Theyarechallengedphysicallyandmentally.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Tomanythesocialemotionalimpactisstronger.Thelossofthesenseofcommunity,ofbelonging,andofanextendedfamilyisrealformanypeople.Othersarefeelingthey’reinpoorphysicalconditionaswellastheyarestrugglingtoovercomeinactivitiesduringthesetimes.”可知,取消體育運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)給人的身心都帶來(lái)挑戰(zhàn)。7.Howdoathletesrespondinthiscrisis?A.Theyareabsorbedintheonlineworld.B.Theydonatemoneytosportsteams.C.Theyseeknewwaystokeepactive.D.Theyengageincommunityservice.【解析】選C。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Sportsteamsarestayingintouchonlineandareasourceofmuchneededsupport,loveandlaughterinthesetimes...Otherathletesareturningtoonlineworkoutprogrammesforpeopletofollow.”可知,在這次危機(jī)中,運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)保持聯(lián)系,給人們帶來(lái)支持、愛(ài)與快樂(lè);一些專業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員共享他們的支持信息,給在逆境中的人們捐款;在隔離地區(qū)這些運(yùn)動(dòng)員在自家的陽(yáng)臺(tái)上帶領(lǐng)鄰居運(yùn)動(dòng);其他運(yùn)動(dòng)員轉(zhuǎn)向網(wǎng)上熬煉項(xiàng)目帶領(lǐng)人們運(yùn)動(dòng),即運(yùn)動(dòng)員尋求新的方式來(lái)保持活躍。8.Whatdoesthetextaimtotellus?A.Ajourneywithsportsmatterstoeveryone.B.Sports’rolekeepschangingindifferenttimes.C.People’sdisagreementonsportsisreasonable.D.Sportscontinuestoofferstrengthintoughtimes.【解析】選D。主旨大意題。通讀全文尤其是最終一段中的“Onceagain,sportsisfindingitsway.And,inchallengingconditionssuchasnow,peoplearestillabletocontinuetheirsportsjourneyandstaystrongandhealthy.”可知,作者認(rèn)為,在艱難的時(shí)期,體育運(yùn)動(dòng)仍舊能為人們供應(yīng)力氣。Ⅱ.閱讀填句(2024·威海模擬)No-friendeatingtrendWhenyoueatlunchinarestaurant,youmightseemanypeopleeatingbythemselves,watchingvideosontheirphones.1Doyouworrythey’relonely?

Youprobablydidn’tevennoticebecauseyouwerelookingatyourownphone.TheNewYorkPostsaysthateatingalonewithelectronicdevicesisagrowingtrendamongyoungpeoplearoundtheworld.AccordingtoanewsurveyconductedbyOnePollonbehalfoftheUS-basedHighbushBlueberryCouncil,theaverageadulteatssixmealsaloneeachweekand387mealseachyear.2Maybenot.

“Thewaywedefine‘togetherness’andwhatitmeanstobeconnectedseemstobeevolvingastechnologyevolves.Keepingourrelationshipsstrongdoesn’talwaysrequirebeingtogetherphysically,”wrotethereport.Nowadays,manyyoungpeoplespendmoretimestudyingandworkingincompetitiveenvironments.3Instead,it’snaturaltocommunicatewithothersthroughtext,emailandsocialmedia.

DanielaGalarza,fromtheUS,isoneoftheseyoungpeople.ShetoldtheNewYorkPostthatshespentnearly10hoursonherworkeveryday.Shesaid,“Engagingwithmyfriendsandfamiliesonsocialmediaplatformsforabouthalfanhoureverydayalwayshelpsmefeelmoreconnectedwiththem.4”

“Today,‘togetherness’ismoreofafeelingthanaphysicalstate,andpeoplegetcreativetostayconnected,”aspokespersonforTheHighbushBlueberryCounciltoldtheNewYorkPost.“5”

A.I’mnotlonelyanymore.B.Doyoufeelpityforthem?C.Beingtogetherallthetimeisgreat.D.Doesthismeantherearealotoflonelypeople?E.Theyenjoyeatingalonewithelectronicdevices.F.Theyhavelesstimetogatherandeatwiththeirfriendsorfamilies.G.Thejoyofbeingtogether—howeveryoumanageit—neverchanges.【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了一種日益增長(zhǎng)的社會(huì)趨勢(shì)——無(wú)摯友進(jìn)餐。1.【解析】選B。空格上文Whenyoueatlunchinarestaurant,youmightseemanypeopleeatingbythemselves,watchingvideosontheirphones.闡述當(dāng)你在餐館吃午飯時(shí),你可能會(huì)看到很多人邊看手機(jī)視頻邊自己吃飯。結(jié)合下文的問(wèn)句可推斷,B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境,B項(xiàng)是一個(gè)問(wèn)句,“你憐憫他們嗎?”與下文“你擔(dān)憂他們孤獨(dú)嗎?”兩個(gè)問(wèn)題引出下文的內(nèi)容。故選B。2.【解析】選D?？崭袂耙欢侮U述一項(xiàng)新調(diào)查表明平均每個(gè)成年人每周獨(dú)自吃六頓飯,每年獨(dú)自吃387頓飯。D項(xiàng)中的“this”指代這種現(xiàn)象,下文的Maybenot.回答D項(xiàng)的問(wèn)題“這意味著有很多孤獨(dú)的人嗎?”。故選D。3.【解析】選F。依據(jù)空格上文Nowadays,manyyoungpeoplespendmoretimestudyingandworkingincompetitiveenvironments.(現(xiàn)在,很多年輕人花更多的時(shí)間在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境中學(xué)習(xí)和工作。)因此推斷他們有更少的時(shí)間和他們的摯友或家人聚在一起吃飯。故選F。4.【解析】選A。依據(jù)空格上文Shesaid,“Engagingwithmyfriendsandfamiliesonsocialmediaplatformsforabouthalfanhoureverydayalwayshelpsmefeelmoreconnectedwiththem.可知,她說(shuō):每天在社交媒體平臺(tái)上與我的摯友和家人交談大約半個(gè)小時(shí)總是有助于我感覺(jué)與他們更有聯(lián)系。因此推斷她不孤獨(dú)。故選A。5.【解析】選G。依據(jù)空格上文可知,今日,“密切無(wú)間”更多的是一種感覺(jué),而不是一種物質(zhì)狀態(tài),人們有創(chuàng)建力來(lái)保持聯(lián)系,因此推斷在一起的快樂(lè)——無(wú)論你如何處理它——從來(lái)不會(huì)變更。故選G。Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空(2024·寧夏模擬)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Apairofresearchersfoundthatwhenyouappealtowealthypeoplefordonations,itwillofferthemasenseofcontrol.Thestudyconsistedofwritingandthensendinglettersto12,000IvyLeaguealumniwhoearnatleast$100,0001.(annual).Theresearcherswrotetwoversionsoftheirletter,bothof2.wereaskingforadonationtohelpwithcommunity3.(activity).Butthewordsweredifferent.Oneletter4.(write)insuchawayastogivethereaderafeelingofcontrol—“Sometimes,onepersonneedstocomeforwardandtakeindividualaction.”Theotherwasinamoregeneralsense—“Sometimes,acommunityneedstocomeforwardtosupportacommongoal.”

Theresearchersthencomparedhowmuchindividualsdonated.Theyfoundthatthosewhohadreceivedtheletters5.(give)themmorecontrolweremoregenerous—theygaveonaverage$432.Those6.(send)themoregenerallettersto,on7.otherhand,gaveonaveragejust$270.Thedifferencecametoanaverageof1.5timesasmuch.

Theresearcherssuggestedthatthedifferencesimplyconsistedingivingprospectivedonors(預(yù)期捐贈(zèng)者)afeelingofmorecontrolover8.thedonatedmoneywouldbespent.Theyfurthersuggestedtheirfindingsindicatedthatinthefuture,thosewhowillconductcharityeventsmightneedorganizers9.(offer)somedegreeofcontroltoprospectivedonors.Theymightfindtheywouldgetmore10.return.

【文章大意】本文是說(shuō)明文,介紹了兩位探討人員發(fā)覺(jué),當(dāng)你吸引富人捐款時(shí),給他們一種掌控感,將會(huì)獲得更多的捐款,文章對(duì)此進(jìn)行了分析說(shuō)明。1.【解析】annually。考查副詞。句意:這項(xiàng)探討包括給1.2萬(wàn)名常春藤聯(lián)盟的校友寫信并發(fā)送,這些校友每年至少能賺10萬(wàn)美元。分析句子可知,修飾動(dòng)詞earn用副詞作狀語(yǔ),故填annually。2.【解析】which?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。句意:探討人員寫了兩個(gè)版本的信,都是懇求捐款來(lái)資助社區(qū)活動(dòng)。分析句子可知,空格處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是twoversionsoftheirletter,在從句中作介詞賓語(yǔ),指物,用關(guān)系代詞which,故填which。3.【解析】activities?？疾槊~單復(fù)數(shù)。句意:探討人員寫了兩個(gè)版本的信,都是懇求捐款來(lái)資助社區(qū)活動(dòng)。with后接名詞作賓語(yǔ),communityactivity“社區(qū)活動(dòng)”,依據(jù)句意,此處應(yīng)指不止一次社區(qū)活動(dòng),應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù),故填activities。4.【解析】waswritten?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:一封信以一種能給讀者掌控感這樣的方式來(lái)書(shū)寫——“有時(shí)候,須要一個(gè)人站出來(lái),實(shí)行個(gè)人行動(dòng)?！眞rite是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,與主語(yǔ)letter構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,講解并描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情,用一般過(guò)去時(shí),且主語(yǔ)是單數(shù),故填waswritten。5.【解析】giving?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:他們發(fā)覺(jué)那些收到信的人,當(dāng)賜予他們更多的限制權(quán)時(shí),他們就會(huì)更慷慨——平均捐款432美元。在who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中,received是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,故give用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式作后置定語(yǔ),give的邏輯主語(yǔ)是letters,與give之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故填giving。6.【解析】sent?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:另一方面,那些被發(fā)送了一般信件的人,平均捐款270美元。分析句子可知,句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是gave,故send用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式,作定語(yǔ)修飾those,those與send之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),故填sent。7.【解析】the?？疾楣谠~。句意:另一方面,那些被發(fā)送了一般信件的人,平均捐款270美元。ontheotherhand“另一方面”是固定短語(yǔ),故填the。8.【解析】how?？疾橘e語(yǔ)從句連接詞。句意:探討人員指出,區(qū)分只是在于給預(yù)期捐贈(zèng)者更多關(guān)于捐款將如何運(yùn)用的限制感。分析句子可知,over后是賓語(yǔ)從句,從句主謂賓齊全,依據(jù)句意,缺少how“如何”來(lái)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,故填how。9.【解析】tooffer。考查不定式。句意:他們進(jìn)一步指出,探討結(jié)果表明,在將來(lái),那些將要舉辦慈善活動(dòng)的人可能須要組織者賜予預(yù)期捐贈(zèng)者某種程度的限制權(quán)。needsb.todosth.“須要某人做某事”,用不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),故填tooffer。10.【解析】in?？疾楣潭ǘ陶Z(yǔ)。句意:他們可能會(huì)發(fā)覺(jué)他們會(huì)得到更多作為回報(bào)。inreturn作為回報(bào),是固定短語(yǔ),故填in。Ⅰ.閱讀理解Observingfishintheoceandepthsischallenging.Waterpressure,darklightandmoremakeexploringtheoceanatrickyexpedition.ButresearchersatMITbelievetheyhavetheanswer:asoftrobotfishcalledSoFi(shortforsoftfish).Thissmall,fish-lookingrobotswimsquietlythroughitsenvironment,freefromanythingattachedtoitsoitdoesn’tdisrupttheecosystembyknockingintothingsandbreakingthem.They’vealreadytakenSoFioutforasuccessfultestswim.“Toourknowledge,thisisthefirstroboticfishthatcanswimuntetheredforextendedperiodsoftime,”RobertKatzschmann,leadauthorandComputerScienceandArtificialIntelligenceLaboratory(CSAIL)Ph.D.candidate,saidinastatement.Thisisamarkedimprovementoverotherautonomousunderwatervehicles(AUVs),whichareloud,largeandhavealimitedrangeofmotionasthey’reoftentiedtoboats.SoFiisn’tanyofthosethingsthankstoitsuniquedesignandconstruction.Forstarters,thebacksideofthelittlerobotfishismadeofsiliconrubberandflexibleplastic,meaningitwon’tdamageareefifitbumpsintoit.TocontrolSoFi,theteamturnedtooneofthebestwaystocontroljustaboutanything:awaterproofedandcustomizedcontrolpadforaSuperNintendo.Theresearchersalsodevelopedacustomacoustic(聲學(xué)的)communicationsystemtosendSoFiinstructions.Solongasthey’rewithin70feet(21meters)ofSoFi,pushingaright,left,upordownonthedirectionalpadwillsendanultrasonic(超聲的)commandusingwavelengthsof30to36kilohertz(千赫).SoFireceivesthecommandandfollowssuit.IfSoFidoesn’treceiveacommand,it’lljustswiminthelastcommandeddirection.SoFiispoweredbyalithiumpolymerbattery,thekindfoundinsmartphones,anditcanfilmandtakehigh-resolutionphotosthankstoafisheyelenshousedinits“nose”.However...【文章大意】本文為說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了麻省理工學(xué)院最新研制的機(jī)器魚(yú)SoFi。1.WhichisNOTtrueaboutSoFi?A.Itcanswimfasterthananyotherrealfish.B.Itcanswimquietlywithoutdisturbingothers.C.ItcanswimdeeperthanformerAUVs.D.Itcanbecontrolledbyhumanbeings.【解析】選A。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。文章中沒(méi)有提到SoFi比別的魚(yú)游得快,其他選項(xiàng)均有涉及,故答案為A。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“untethered”mean?A.Withoutanythingattachedtoit.B.Withoutachargeablebattery.C.Withoutbeingobservedbypeople.D.Withoutmakinganyloudnoise.【解析】選A。詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)文章其次段第一句可知,SoFi和早期的水下設(shè)備的不一樣在于它沒(méi)有被東西束縛著,可推知該詞表示“未被束縛、綁住”的意思。3.Whatdoestheauthormeanbymentioningsiliconrubberandflexibleplastic?A.TotellusSoFiiseasytomakewith.B.TotellusSoFiislighterthanweexpect.C.TotellusSoFiissafetotheenvironment.D.TotellusSoFicannotbedamagedbywater.【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第四段第三句,可知提到硅橡膠和柔性塑料的目的是證明SoFi對(duì)環(huán)境是平安的,不會(huì)撞壞四周的礁石。4.Whatwillbediscussedinthenextparagraph?A.ScientistswillmakeSoFichangeitsshape.B.TherearesomefaultsofSoFi.C.SoFiwillchangetheconceptofrobot.D.SoFiwillbringarevolutiontotheseaexploration.【解析】選B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容,可知該段介紹的是SoFi的若干優(yōu)點(diǎn)及操作,而最終一句用了表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的“但是”,可知下文應(yīng)介紹一些SoFi有待改善的地方。Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·合肥模擬)Americansprefertotryeverywaytohavefun.Forexample,theydrivetheirowncars,someeventowasmallboataftervehicle.TheystartfromLosAngeles,Californiaundersun,1throughfourorfivehundredmilestogotoLaFulin,ColoradotospendweekendswhileChinesepeoplearestill2withwork,andhavedinnerathometogetherwithfamiliesatweekendsor3timewatchingTV.

Thedifferenceismainlyduetoculturalcustomsandtraditions4thetwocountries.ItissaidthatChinesepeoplearelivingforothers,whileAmericansarefor5.WhenChinesepeoplecometotheUnitedStates,theyfightfor6first,andthendesperatelymakemoneyaftertheyarerecognizedbyothers.Itseemsthat,thepurposetoearnmoneyisnottoenjoylife,7fortheirfollowinggenerationssonsanddaughtersandevengrandchildren.Chinesepeopleprefertosavemoney8emergency,suchasillness.AlthoughChinesepeoplewith9intheUnitedStatesdon’tneedtoworryabouttheirownsocialwelfareandhealthinsurance,theyworkstillveryhard,astheyhopethattheycan10moremoney.

Chinesepeople’sinterestisintheamountonthepassbook(存折),sotheyspend11moneyusually.

MostofChineseareverythrifty(節(jié)約的),andtheyare12tospendmoney,butthereareexceptions.Theyarewillingtospendmoneyontheir13.ManyChinesepeoplethinkthat,theyendure(容忍)many14,sotheywishthattheirchildrencouldlivemuchbetter.Therefore,intheUnitedStateselementaryschools,youcanseethatthosewho15thebestclothes,withmorepocketmoneyareChinesestudents.Incontrast,Americanchildrendressverysimply,withjustalittlepocketmoney.

16Chinese,Americansbelieveinlivingforthemselves.Theydoeverythingfortheirown.17,theyearnmoneytoenjoya18life,andpursueahigherqualityoflife.Asfortheirownparentsorchildren,theythinkthatparentshavetheirownpensionandsocialwelfare,andchildrenshouldlivea(n)19lifewhentheyare18yearsold.Sotheycouldboldlyspendmoneyonthemselves.20,Americanssavelittlemoney.Inthestreet,itiseasyforChinesetotakeout300-400dollars,butitishardtosayforAmericans.

【文章大意】本文是一篇爭(zhēng)論文。由于中美兩國(guó)文化和傳統(tǒng)差異,兩國(guó)人民對(duì)待錢的看法也特別不同。中國(guó)人努力掙錢、存錢,把錢留給自己的下一輩;而美國(guó)人掙錢是為了享受更好的生活。1.A.runningB.drivingC.goingD.walking【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:他們從洛杉磯起先,在加利福尼亞的驕陽(yáng)下,開(kāi)車穿越了四五百英里去科羅拉多州過(guò)周末,而中國(guó)人仍舊在忙著工作,周末和家人一起吃飯或者花時(shí)間看電視。running跑;driving開(kāi)車;going去;walking走。依據(jù)上文的Forexample,theydrivetheirowncars可知此處用“開(kāi)車”符合語(yǔ)境,drive是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn),故選B項(xiàng)。2.A.boring B.pleasant C.busy D.angry【解析】選C?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。句意:同上。boring無(wú)聊的;pleasant開(kāi)心的;busy繁忙的;angry生氣的。依據(jù)句意可知,此處考查短語(yǔ)bebusywithsth.“忙于某事”,故選C項(xiàng)。3.A.spend B.take C.cost D.pay【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:同上。spend花費(fèi);take花費(fèi);cost花費(fèi);pay支付。依據(jù)句意可知,此處考查固定短語(yǔ)spendtime(in)doingsth.“花時(shí)間做某事”,故選A項(xiàng)。4.A.through B.forC.among D.between【解析】選D?？疾榻樵~詞義辨析。句意:此不同之處主要是由于兩國(guó)之間的文化習(xí)俗和傳統(tǒng)。through穿過(guò);for為了;among在(三者或以上)之間;between在(兩者)之間。依據(jù)上下文可知,此處是指中國(guó)和美國(guó)兩個(gè)國(guó)家之間的文化習(xí)俗和傳統(tǒng),故選D項(xiàng)。5.A.themselves B.theirsC.them D.others【解析】選A。考查代詞詞義辨析。句意:據(jù)說(shuō),中國(guó)人是為他人而活,而美國(guó)人是為他們自己而活。themselves他們自己;theirs他們的;them他們;others其他人。依據(jù)句意可知,此處用“他們自己”符合語(yǔ)境,故選A項(xiàng)。6.A.survival B.remainderC.existence D.material【解析】選A?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)中國(guó)人到美國(guó)時(shí),他們一起先是努力活下來(lái),然后在被他人認(rèn)可后起先舍命掙錢。survival幸存,活下來(lái);remainder通知單,提示物;existence存在;material物質(zhì),材料。依據(jù)下文的andthendesperatelymakemoney可知此處用“活下來(lái)”符合語(yǔ)境,故選A項(xiàng)。7.A.or B.nor C.but D.and【解析】選C?？疾椴⒘羞B詞辨析。句意:好像掙錢不是為了享受生活,而是為了他們的子女后代甚至是孫子/女。or或者;nor也不;but但是;and和,并且。依據(jù)句意可知,此處考查固定表達(dá)not...but...“不是……而是……”,故選C項(xiàng)。8.A.inpossessionof B.onaccountofC.inspiteof D.incaseof【解析】選D?？疾榻樵~短語(yǔ)辨析,句意:中國(guó)人偏向于存錢以防突發(fā)狀況,例如疾病。inpossessionof擁有;onaccountof由于;inspiteof盡管;incaseof以防。依據(jù)句意可知,此處用“以防”符合語(yǔ)境,故選D項(xiàng)。9.A.identity B.force C.fame D.power【解析】選A?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意:盡管在美國(guó)有身份的中國(guó)人不用擔(dān)憂他們自己的社會(huì)福利和醫(yī)保,但是他們?nèi)耘f很努力地工作,因?yàn)樗麄兿Ｍ麄兛梢源娓噱X。identity身份;force武力;fame名聲;power力氣。結(jié)合上下文可知,此處是指得到美國(guó)國(guó)籍的中國(guó)人,故選A項(xiàng)。10.A.borrow B.give C.use D.save【解析】選D。考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:同上。borrow借;give給;use運(yùn)用;save存。依據(jù)上文的Chinesepeopleprefertosavemoneyemergency可知此處用“存”符合語(yǔ)境,save是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn),故選D項(xiàng)。

11.A.large B.few C.much D.little【解析】選D?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。句意:中國(guó)人的愛(ài)好在存折上錢的數(shù)量,因此他們平常幾乎不花錢。large大的;few幾乎沒(méi)有;much很多;little幾乎沒(méi)有。依據(jù)句意可知,此處用“幾乎沒(méi)有”符合語(yǔ)境,few修飾可數(shù)名詞,故選D項(xiàng)。12.A.easy B.reluctantC.willing D.happy【解析】選B?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。句意:大多數(shù)中國(guó)人都很節(jié)約,他們不情愿花錢,但也有例外。easy簡(jiǎn)單的;reluctant不情愿的;willing樂(lè)意的;happy興奮的。依據(jù)上文的MostofChineseareverythrifty可知很多中國(guó)人不情愿花錢,故選B項(xiàng)。13.A.children B.relativesC.parents D.friends【解析】選A?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意:他們樂(lè)意把錢花在孩子身上。children孩子;relatives親人;parents父母;friends摯友。依據(jù)上文的Itseemsthat,thepurposetoearnmoneyisnottoenjoylife,fortheirfollowinggenerationssonsanddaughtersandevengrandchildren可知中國(guó)的父母情愿把錢花在孩子身上,故選A項(xiàng)。

14.A.hardships B.problemsC.obsession D.convenience【解析】選A?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意:很多中國(guó)人都認(rèn)為他們吃了很多苦,所以他們希望他們的孩子可以生活得更好。hardships困苦;problems問(wèn)題;obsession癡迷;convenience便利。依據(jù)上下文可知,很多中國(guó)人因?yàn)樽约撼粤丝?所以希望孩子不吃苦,故選A項(xiàng)。15.A.match B.decorateC.dress D.wear【解析】選D。考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:因此,在美國(guó)的小學(xué),你可以看到那些穿最好的衣服,有更多零花錢的學(xué)生是中國(guó)學(xué)生。match相配;decorate裝飾;dress給……穿;wear穿著。依據(jù)句意可知,此處用“穿著最好的衣服”符合語(yǔ)境,dress后面只能接人,故選D項(xiàng)。16.A.Differentfrom B.InterestedinC.Similarto D.Thanksto【解析】選A?？疾樾稳菰~短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:和中國(guó)人不同,美國(guó)人是為自己而活。Differentfrom和……不同;Interestedin對(duì)……感愛(ài)好;Similarto與……相像;Thanksto多虧。依據(jù)上下文可知,此處是把美國(guó)人和中國(guó)人作對(duì)比,故選A項(xiàng)。17.A.Otherwise B.HoweverC.Therefore D.Since【解析】選C?？疾楦痹~詞義辨析。句意:因此,他們掙錢是為了享受更好的生活,追求更高質(zhì)量的生活。Otherwise否則;However然而;Therefore因此;Since自從,因?yàn)椤Ｒ罁?jù)句意可知,上下文是因果關(guān)系,故選C項(xiàng)。18.A.better B.wellC.good D.rich【解析】選A?？疾樾稳菰~比較級(jí)。句意:同上。better更好的;well好的;good好的;rich富有的。依據(jù)下文的andpursueahigherqualityoflife可知此處應(yīng)用形容詞比較級(jí),故選A項(xiàng)。19.A.single B.independentC.different D.comfortable【解析】選B。考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:對(duì)于他們自己的父母或孩子,他們認(rèn)為父母有自己的養(yǎng)老金和社會(huì)福利,孩子在18歲時(shí)就應(yīng)當(dāng)獨(dú)立生活。single單一的;independent獨(dú)立的;different不同的;comfortable舒適的。依據(jù)文化常識(shí)可知,美國(guó)人認(rèn)為孩子在18歲時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)獨(dú)立生活,故選B項(xiàng)。20.A.Inthatcase B.AsawholeC.Inthisway D.Asaresult【解析】選D?？疾楦痹~短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:因此,美國(guó)人很少存錢。Inthatcase那樣的話;Asawhole總體上;Inthisway用這種方法;Asaresult因此。結(jié)合上下文可知,此處與上文是因果關(guān)系,故選D項(xiàng)。Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò)假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧),并在此符號(hào)下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。留意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。(2024·湖北模擬)AsachildIalwayswantedtobecomeadoctor.Ikeptmydreamsthroughoutprimaryschoolandmiddleschool.WhenIadmittedtoamedicalcollege,Iwasveryexciting.AfteryearsofstudyIgraduatedandenteredachildren’shospital.Iworkedhardandsoonbecameaexperienceddoctor.IdidnotgetmarriedwithuntilIwasoverthirty.Iworkedduringthedayandafterworkenjoyedlifewithmyfamily.Intheageof60Iretire,butIo