狀語(yǔ)從句 課件高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期一輪復(fù)習(xí)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)

狀語(yǔ)從句adverbialclause狀語(yǔ)從句：一、定義二、分類(lèi)：（一）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句（...時(shí)）

（二）地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句（在...)

（三）原因狀語(yǔ)從句（因?yàn)?..所以）

（四）條件狀語(yǔ)從句（如果...)

（五）讓步狀語(yǔ)從句（雖然...但是）

（六）目的狀語(yǔ)從句（為了...）

（七）結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句（所以）

（八）方式狀語(yǔ)從句（就好像...）

（九）比較狀語(yǔ)從句（比...）狀語(yǔ)從句：一、

定義

狀語(yǔ)從句是副詞性從句，修飾主句的動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞，擔(dān)任狀語(yǔ)。Iworkedinthecompany.Iworkedinthecompanylastyear.IworkedinthecompanyafterIgraduatedfromPekingUniversity.（一）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞：when/while/as當(dāng)...時(shí)

as隨著，一邊...一邊

since自從

before在...之前after在...之后till/until直到not...until直到...才

assoonasnosooner...than...

一...就:hardly(scarcely)...when...directly/immediately/instantlywhenever,everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime,allthetime...（一）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句1.引導(dǎo)詞：when/while/asWhenIcamein,hewasreading.TherewasaknockatthedoorwhileJimwaslisteningthemusic.Astimegoeson,itisgettingcolderandcolder.

對(duì)比從句動(dòng)詞備注when瞬間，延續(xù)當(dāng)...時(shí)，有突然的意思

while延續(xù)當(dāng)...時(shí)

，有時(shí)表示對(duì)比as延續(xù)隨著，一邊...一邊

（一）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句2.引導(dǎo)詞：since自從，往往對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了影響。（完成時(shí)）Hehasstudiedhardsincehecametotheschool.自...以來(lái)，已經(jīng)有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間

Itis/hasbeen+段時(shí)間+since從句（一般過(guò)去時(shí))Itwas+段時(shí)間+since從句（過(guò)去完成時(shí))Itis/hasbeentenyearssincetheymeteachother.Itwastenyearssincetheyhadmeteachother.

（一）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句3.引導(dǎo)詞:before在...之前after在...之后IwilldoitbeforeIforgotit.Wewillstartaftertheteachercomes.Itis/willbe+時(shí)間段+before從句

還有...久才能

Itistenyearsbeforewemeeteachother.Itwillbetwoweeksbeforewebecomeprofessionalplayers.4.引導(dǎo)詞:till/until直到not...until直到...才until，notuntil(主句部分倒裝）可位于句首，till不可以

Thestudentsdidontstoptalkinguntiltheteachercamein.Notuntiltheteachercameindidthestudentsstoptalking.

（一）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句5.引導(dǎo)詞：assoonasnosooner...than...

一...就:hardly(scarcely)...when...directly/immediately/instantly

時(shí)態(tài)：

未發(fā)生：主句一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

已發(fā)生：主句一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)IwillgivethebooktohimassoonasIseehim.

（一）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句5.引導(dǎo)詞：IwillwritealetterassoonasIgetthere.AssoonasIwentin,mysistercriedoutwithpleasure.Hehadnosoonerreturnedthanheboughtahouse.Nosoonerhadhereturnedthanheboughtahouse.主語(yǔ)+had+nosooner+過(guò)去分詞...than+主語(yǔ)+一般過(guò)去時(shí)Nosooner+had+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞...than+主語(yǔ)+一般過(guò)去時(shí)

對(duì)比時(shí)態(tài)位于句首assoonas具體分析陳述語(yǔ)序，不倒裝nosooner（主）...than...（從）主句過(guò)去完成從句一般過(guò)去主句部分倒裝hardly(scarcely)...（主）when...（從）（一）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句6.其他引導(dǎo)詞：whenever,everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime,allthetime...

（二）地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞：where/whereverIwilltakeyouwhereverIgo.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Shefoundherlaptopwhereshelostit.（三）原因狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞：because,since,as,fornowthat,seeingthat,consideringthat,inthat1.because直接原因，用于回答why的問(wèn)句2.since一般表示已知的，顯然的原因（既然）3.as附帶的原因，重點(diǎn)在主句4.for一般放在后面，對(duì)主句進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明Hefeltdisappointedbecausehewasn’tinvitedtotheparty.Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.Ashedidn’tknowmuchEnglish,helookedupthewordsinthedictionary.Thestorymustbetrue,forIreaditinthenewspaper.

(四)條件狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞：if如果，unless除非，as/solongas只要，incase萬(wàn)一

onconditionthat,supposing,provide如果，假如1.時(shí)態(tài)：條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”

主句為一般將來(lái)時(shí)、祈使句、包含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，從句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Weshallgotheretomorrowifitdoesn’train.Pleasetellmeifyouwanttoleave.Youcangetgreatgradesifyoustudyhard.(四)條件狀語(yǔ)從句2.if可能實(shí)現(xiàn)

不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)：if虛擬語(yǔ)氣if從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反if+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去式（be動(dòng)詞用were)主語(yǔ)+should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形與過(guò)去現(xiàn)實(shí)相反if+主語(yǔ)+had過(guò)去分詞主語(yǔ)+should/would/could/might+have過(guò)去分詞與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反1.if+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去式（be動(dòng)詞用were)2.if+主語(yǔ)+weretodo3.if+主語(yǔ)+shoulddo主語(yǔ)+should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形P.S.當(dāng)虛擬語(yǔ)氣中有were/had/should時(shí)，可省略if并提至句首（有not,not不動(dòng)）(四)條件狀語(yǔ)從句if從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反if+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去式（be動(dòng)詞用were)主語(yǔ)+should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形與過(guò)去現(xiàn)實(shí)相反if+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去式（be動(dòng)詞用were)主語(yǔ)+should/would/could/might+have過(guò)去分詞與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反1.if+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去式（be動(dòng)詞用were)2.if+主語(yǔ)+weretodo3.if+主語(yǔ)+shoulddo主語(yǔ)+should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形IfIwerethinner,Icouldwearthosejeans.(現(xiàn)在）IfIhadsleptearlier,Iwouldn’thavebeenlate.（過(guò)去）IfJimmyarrivedtomorrow,wecouldfinishittogether.（將來(lái)）

(四)條件狀語(yǔ)從句IfIhadn’tmetLucylastweekend,Iwouldhavegoneshoppingbymyself.HadInotmetLucylastweekend,Iwouldhavewentshoppingbymyself.P.S.當(dāng)虛擬語(yǔ)氣中有were/had/should時(shí)，可省略if并提至句首（有not,not不動(dòng)）(五)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞：though/although/as/while雖然,evenif/eventhough即使,nomatter+疑問(wèn)詞=疑問(wèn)詞ever/whether...(ornot)無(wú)論...1.though/although雖然:不能與but連用，可與still/yet連用ThoughIbelieveinyou,Istillneedtothinkitcarefully.ThoughIbelieveinyou,butIneedtothinkitcarefully.2.evenif/eventhough即使,evenif往往是假設(shè)性的，所以可以用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣，與if虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法類(lèi)似。(五)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句3.as（必）/though部分倒裝adj./adv./n./v.+as/though+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)ThoughIamugly,Iamgentle.uglyas/thoughIam,Iamgentle.Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot.aChildas/thoughheis,heknowsalot.名詞放在as前，不能有冠詞Thoughhemighttry,hecouldn’tfinishtheplan.Tryas/thoughhemight,hecouldn’tfinishtheplan.

動(dòng)詞放在as前，必須是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞(六)目的狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞：sothat/inorderthat為了，forfearthat/lest/incase以免以防目的狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)常含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may,might,should,could,will,would...為了：sothat（句首/句中）+從句

inorderthat（句中）+從句

Theyworkedharderthanusualinorderthattheycouldfinishtheworkaheadoftime.

Theyworkedharderthanusualinordertofinishtheworkaheadoftime.to（句首/句中）+動(dòng)詞原形inorderto（句首/句中）+動(dòng)詞原形soasto（句中）

+動(dòng)詞原形(七)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞：sothat結(jié)果，所以so/such...that如此...以至于too...to太...而不能enough...to...足夠1.sothat目的狀語(yǔ)從句？謂語(yǔ)常含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句？前常有，Weturneduptheradio,sothateveryoneheardthenews.Wewilltellyouthetruthsothatyoucanjugdeforyourself.(七)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句2.so/such...that如此...以至于

so+adj./adv.such+(a/an)n.Itissuchawonderfulsongthateveryonelikesit.Itissowonderfulasongthateveryonelikesit.3.too...to太...而不能enough...to...足夠Tomistooyoungtogotoschool.Tomisn’tenougholdtogotoschool.(八)方式狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞：as,as...so...,按照，正如by,with，likeasif,asthough好像1.as,as...so...,按照，正如Alwaysdototheothersasyouwouldbedoneby.Aswateristofish,soairistoman.2.asif,asthough好像

陳述事實(shí)

不能完成，與事實(shí)相反：虛擬語(yǔ)氣IfeelasifIhaveafever.(八)方式狀語(yǔ)從句2.asif,asthough好像

：虛擬語(yǔ)氣Helooksasifhewereabillionaire.(現(xiàn)在）HespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifhehadstudiedEnglishinAmerica.（過(guò)去）HestudiesEnglishsohardasifhewouldgototheUSA.（將來(lái)）表示虛擬的時(shí)間asif/though方式狀語(yǔ)從句現(xiàn)在一般過(guò)去時(shí)(be動(dòng)詞用were)過(guò)去過(guò)去完成時(shí)（haddone)將來(lái)would/might/could+動(dòng)詞原形(九)比較狀語(yǔ)從句1.原級(jí)比較：as...(adj./adv.)as

thesameas...(n./prep.或相關(guān)短語(yǔ)）

和...一樣2.比較級(jí)+than...比...3.the+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)

越...越...省略---狀語(yǔ)從句中

狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略現(xiàn)象非常普遍。

當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致,或狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)是it，且又含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí),從句中通常省略主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞。①由when,while,as,until,once,before等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句When(Iwas)young,Ilikedthiscartooncharacterverymuch.小時(shí)候我很喜歡這個(gè)動(dòng)畫(huà)角色Hebumpedintoacarwhilehewasonhiswayhere.他在來(lái)這里的路上撞上了一輛汽車(chē)(hewas)

當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致,或狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)是it，且又含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí),從句中通常省略主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞。②由where,wherever引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句Theytriedtomakeaprofitwhereveritwas

possible.不管哪里有可能賺錢(qián)，他們都會(huì)去試一下(itwas)

當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致,或狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)是it，且又含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí),

從句中通常省略主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞。③由as,asif,asthough引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句He

stopped

as

if

he

wastoseewhetherhewasfollowed.他停下來(lái)似乎想看看自己是不是被跟蹤了。As

it

was

expected,

he

lost

his

job.正如所預(yù)料的那樣,他丟了工作。(hewas)(itwas)

當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致,或狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)是it，且又含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí),

從句中通常省略主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞。④由if,unless等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句If

itisnecessary,ringmeup.如果有需要的話,請(qǐng)給我打電話。(itis)注意：在含有were,had,should的虛擬條件從句中if

可省略,但需把were,had,should提到句首如果我是一只鳥(niǎo)的話,我將在天空中翱翔。IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyhighinthesky.要不是你幫忙的話,我會(huì)受很多苦。Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,Iwouldhavesufferedalot.萬(wàn)一它壞掉的話,由我們自己出資修理。Ifitshouldbreakdown,wewouldfixitatourownexpense.WereI

abird,Iwouldflyhighinthesky.Haditnotbeenforyourhelp,Iwouldhavesufferedalot.Shoulditbreakdown,wewouldfixitatourownexpense.

當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致,或狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)是it，且又含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí),

從句中通常省略主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞。⑤由though,although,evenif,eventhough等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句Thoughtheflatisnotlarge,theflatiswellequipped.這個(gè)公寓雖然不大,但設(shè)施完備。Evenifitwas

notquickenough,thingswerebeginningto

improve.即便不夠迅速，但情況正在開(kāi)始改善。(theflatis)(itwas)⑥由as/so...as，than引導(dǎo)的比較狀語(yǔ)從句中有多種成分可以省略。Ihavealwayslivedmoreinthefuturethan(Ihavelived)in

thepresent.我總是生活在對(duì)未來(lái)的想象中,而不是當(dāng)下。Freddoesn'tcalculatesoaccuratelyasArthur(does).弗雷德計(jì)算得不如阿瑟那么準(zhǔn)確。Theywereasanxiousashewas(anxious).他們像他一樣焦急。狀語(yǔ)從句課堂練習(xí)1.Some

people

enjoy

themselves

they

stay.A.which

B.wherever

C.however

D.where2.

you

take

a

taxi,you'll

still

miss

your

train.A.Even

if

B.Even

C.If

D.As

long

as3.They

stayed

away

from

the

window

anyone

should

see

them.A.so

that

B.so

long

as

C.lest

D.provided

that4.Try

she

might,Sue

couldn't

get

the

door

open.A.if

B.when

C.since

D.As5.Aman

escaped

from

prison

last

night.It

wasn't

long

the

guards

discoveredwhat

had

happened.A.until

B.before

C.since

D.whenBACDB6.I

haven't

seen

Ann

for

long

that

I've

forgotten

w