備戰(zhàn)2025屆高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)愛尚閱讀實(shí)戰(zhàn)篇專題23閱讀綜合演練4含解析

專題20閱讀綜合演練（4）1ThenumberofAmericanyoungstudentsusingvaping(電子煙）fellsharplythisyear,accordingtoa2024survey.The2024surveywascarriedoutbytheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)andtheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration(FDA).About20,000Americanstudentstookpartinthesurveyfrommid-Januarytomid-March.Theywereaskedabouttheuseofanyvapingortobaccoproductsduringthepastmonth.Under20%ofhighschoolstudentssaidtheywererecentusersofe-cigarettesandothervapingproducts.Just5%ofmiddleschoolstudentssaidtheyhadrecentlyusedthem.Thatmarkedabigdecreasefromasimilarsurveyin2024.Theearliersurveyfoundnearly28%ofhighschoolstudentsand11%ofmiddleschoolstudentshadrecentlyvaped.Healthexpertsbelievethatthedropcomesafterlastyear'ssuddenincreaseinvaping-relatedillnessesanddeath.Aninvestigationshowedthatlastyear,morethan2,600casesoflunginjuries,including60deaths,wereconnectedwithvaping.MostofthosewhogotsicksaidtheyhadvapedmixturescontainingTHC.Earlierthisyear,theFDAbannedsomeflavors(味道）fromvapingdevicesmainlyusedbyteens.Andthefederallawnowbans(禁止）salesofalltobaccoproductsande-cigarettestoanyoneundertheageof21.MattMyersoftheCampaignforTobacco-FreeKidssaidthesurveyshoweda"meaningfuldrop'”inteenvaping.ButhefeltdisappointedthattheTrumpgovernmentdidn'tfollowthroughapromisetobanallflavorede-cigarettes."Aslongasanyflavorede-cigarettesareleftonthemarket,kidswillgettheirhandsonthemandwewillnotsolvethecrisis,"Myerssaid.1.Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?A.VapingratesamongyoungstudentsintheU.Swentuplastyear.B.Thevapingincreasewasnotlinkedtopopulare-cigarettes.C.MostpatientssurveyedblamedtheirdiseaseonmixturescontainingTHC.D.TheTrumpgovernmentsaidnotoallflavorede-cigarettes.2.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph4?A.whatcausesthedropinvapingamongteensB.whateffectsvapinghasonteensC.whyvapingenjoyspopularityamongteensD.howvapingbecomespopularamongteens3.What'sMattMyer'sattitudetowardstheTrumpgovernment'seffortstobancigarettes?A.PositiveB.NegativeC.ObjectiveD.Doubtful4.Inwhichsectioncanthepassagebefound?A.EntertainmentB.PoliticsC.EducationD.Health【答案】1.C2.A3.B4.D【分析】這是一篇說明文。依據(jù)2024年的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查，今年運(yùn)用電子煙的美國(guó)年輕學(xué)生數(shù)量急劇下降。文章具體介紹了調(diào)查結(jié)果以及導(dǎo)致這一結(jié)果的緣由，政府為了禁止學(xué)生吸煙所實(shí)行的措施。1.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段最終一句“MostofthosewhogotsicksaidtheyhadvapedmixturescontainingTHC.（大多數(shù)染病的人說他們吸入了含有四氫大麻酚的混合物。）”可知，大部分患者都把他們患病的緣由歸咎于含有THC的混合物。blame…on…意為：把責(zé)任歸到……身上；歸咎于。故選C項(xiàng)。2.主旨大意題。第四段第一句“Healthexpertsbelievethatthedropcomesafterlastyear'ssuddenincreaseinvaping-relatedillnessesanddeath.（健康專家認(rèn)為，在去年與吸電子煙有關(guān)的疾病和死亡突然增加之后，這一數(shù)字出現(xiàn)了下降。）”是全段的中心句，表明全段主要介紹了導(dǎo)致青少年運(yùn)用電子煙的比例急劇下降的緣由是什么。故選A項(xiàng)。3.推理推斷題。A.Positive主動(dòng)的；B.Negative消極的；C.Objective客觀的；D.Doubtful可疑的。依據(jù)最終一段中“ButhefeltdisappointedthattheTrumpgovernmentdidn'tfollowthroughapromisetobanallflavorede-cigarettes.（但他對(duì)特朗普政府沒有把禁止全部調(diào)味電子煙的承諾履行究竟感到悲觀。）”可知特朗普政府并沒有準(zhǔn)備從根本上禁止全部調(diào)味電子煙，由此推斷對(duì)于此事的看法是消極的。故選B項(xiàng)。4.推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章中的“Healthexperts（健康專家）”、“vaping-relatedillnessesanddeath（與電子煙有關(guān)的疾病和死亡）”、“MostofthosewhogotsicksaidtheyhadvapedmixturescontainingTHC.（大多數(shù)染病的人說他們吸入了含有四氫大麻酚的混合物。）”可總結(jié)出，全文是關(guān)于電子煙對(duì)青少年的身體健康的危害的。故選D項(xiàng)。2Texashasbeenoneofthemostrestrictivegun-rightsstatesinAmerica.Thankstoanewlaw,however,thestatewillbeoneofthemostrelaxed,tothedegreethatpolicearediscouragedfromevenaskingaboutsomeone'sguns.Andiftheydo,theymaynothavemuchpowertodoanythingifthepersonrefusestoshowalicense.Tobesure,thelawisstrictinitsownway,offeringamodelforregulation.Underthelaw,open-carrycitizenshavetobelicensed,aprocessthatincludessafetyandshootingtests.Theyalsohavetoshownopriorpsychologicalproblems,andtheyhavetobeatleast21yearsold.ItistruethatgunviolencedroppedsharplyafterrestrictivelawswereputinplaceincountrieslikeGreatBritainandAustralia.However,theUSpublicseemsmoreinterestedthaneverinweaponsandthepowertheyconvey,despiteguncontrolgroups'concernovertheincreaseofviolence.MoststatesinAmericahavesteadilyexpandedgunrightssincetheendofa10-yearassault(攻擊)weaponsbanin2004.BlackFridaythisyearsawthebiggestguncache(貯存)everpurchasedinoneday.Consideringthosetrends,there'saheateddebateaboutwhetherthenewTexaslawisamodelpieceoflegislation(立法)forachangingAmerica,orawalkingdisasterjustbeggingfortrouble.Asthelawdoesn'tprovideanypunishmentforthosewhorefusetoshowalicensetoapoliceofficer,criticsfearthatofficersmayfindittoughtohandlepotentiallydeadlysituations.Afterall,armedcitizenswillnolongerbeconsideredsuspicious,eventhoughalotofpeoplemightbealarmedbythesight.MostpoliceinTexashavebeentoldtonotengageguncarriersunlesstheyaredoingsomethingquestionableorappeardrunk.Forsure,NewYear'sDaywillbeanexcitingoneforTexasgunowners.What'snotyetknownishowtherestofTexaswillrespond.5.AllofthefollowingarerequiredinthenewTexaslawforopencarryEXCEPTA.agelimitB.mentalconditionC.onlineregistrationD.gun-operatingskills6.WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph3?A.ThereasonforputtingforwardthenewTexaslaw.B.ThepresentsituationofgunpossessioninAmerica.C.Theimpactoftheassaultweaponsbanin2004.D.TheinactionoftheUSgovernmentastoguncontrol.7.WhatdocriticsthinkthenewTexaslawwillprobablyleadto?A.Heavierworkloadforpolicemen.B.Disrespectforofficers.C.Lackoftrustamongcitizens.D.Difficultyincrimeprevention.8.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthenewTexaslaw?A.Negative.B.Cautious.C.Indifferent.D.Approving.【答案】5.C6.B7.D8.B【分析】這是一篇說明文。美國(guó)民眾比較熱衷于持槍，文章就德克薩斯州關(guān)于槍支管理的新法律進(jìn)行了介紹。5.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的“Underthelaw,open-carrycitizenshavetobelicensed,aprocessthatincludessafetyandshootingtests.Theyalsohavetoshownopriorpsychologicalproblems,andtheyhavetobeatleast21yearsold.依據(jù)法律，公開攜帶武器的公民必需獲得許可，這一過程包括平安和射擊測(cè)試。他們之前必需沒有心理問題，而且必需年滿21歲”可知，新法律對(duì)年齡，心理問題和射擊技能都提出了要求，沒有提及網(wǎng)上注冊(cè)。故選C。6.主旨大意題。依據(jù)第三段“However,theUSpublicseemsmoreinterestedthaneverinweaponsandthepowertheyconvey,despiteguncontrolgroups'concernovertheincreaseofviolence.MoststatesinAmericahavesteadilyexpandedgunrightssincetheendofa10-yearassault(攻擊)weaponsbanin2004.”可知，然而，美國(guó)公眾好像比以往任何時(shí)候都對(duì)武器及其所傳遞的力氣更感愛好，盡管槍支管制組織擔(dān)憂暴力事務(wù)的增加。自2004年為期10年的攻擊性武器禁令結(jié)束以來，美國(guó)大多數(shù)州都在穩(wěn)步擴(kuò)大槍支權(quán)利。由此可知，第三段主要講了美國(guó)持槍現(xiàn)狀。故選B項(xiàng)。7.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段的“Asthelawdoesn'tprovideanypunishmentforthosewhorefusetoshowalicensetoapoliceofficer,criticsfearthatofficersmayfindittoughtohandlepotentiallydeadlysituations.由于該法律沒有規(guī)定對(duì)那些拒絕向警察出示駕照的人進(jìn)行任何懲處，指責(zé)人士擔(dān)憂，警察可能會(huì)發(fā)覺很難處理潛在的致命狀況?！笨芍肛?zé)者認(rèn)為新的德克薩斯州法律可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致預(yù)防犯罪的困難。故選D。8.推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段內(nèi)容“orsure,NewYear'sDaywillbeanexcitingoneforTexasgunowners.What'snotyetknownishowtherestofTexaswillrespond.”可以確定的是，新年對(duì)德州的槍支擁有者來說將是令人興奮的一天。目前尚不清晰德州其他地區(qū)將如何回應(yīng)。”作者對(duì)待新法律是當(dāng)心，謹(jǐn)慎的。故選B。3Mytwosonsareallgrownupnow.Yettheybothstillhavethemindsofchildren.Autismhaslimitedtheirintellectualgrowthovertheyears,andtheystillneedtobelookedafter24hoursaday,7daysaweek.WhenIwasaboy,thetermusedforpeoplelikemysonswasMentallyRetarded.BythetimeIwasanadult,thetermhadswitchedtoMentallyHandicapped.Later,thiswaschangedagaintoMentallyChallenged.However,noneofthesetermstrulydefinedthem.Theirhumanityismuchricherthanthesepersonalitylabels.Thesedays,thenewesttermispeoplewithSpecialNeeds.MysonsdohaveSpecialNeedsbuttheyalsohaveSpecialGifts.Myoldestboymayonlybeabletotalkaboutcertainthings.Autismhaslimitedhislearningandinterests.Butwhenhegreetspeoplebyname.HegivesoutloveandhugsfarmorefreelythanIdo.Myyoungestboydoesn'tspeakmuchatall,heislostinhisownworldmostofthetime.ButhealsohasanabilityforlaughterandjoythatisfarbeyondanythingIpossess.Oftenafterhefinishescryinghishappinesswillimmediatelyreturn.Intruth,mytwoSpecialNeedssonshavetaughtmemoreabouthowtoliveandhowtolovethanIcouldhaveeverlearnedonmyown.ThefactisallofusinthislifehaveSpecialNeeds.AllofusalsohaveSpecialGifts.ItisuptoustoshareourGifts.Itisuptoustomeeteachother'sNeeds.Itisuptoustotreateachotherwithkindnessandlove.Remember,weareallonefamilyhere.WeareallChildrenofthesamemothernature.9.Whichtermdoestheauthoragreewithmosttodefinehissons?A.Autism. B.PeoplewithSpecialNeeds.C.MentallyRetarded D.MentallyHandicapped.10.WhichofthefollowingisrightaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Thewriter'soldestsontaughthimhowtolive.B.Thewriter'soldestsontaughthimhowtolove.C.Thewriter'syoungestsontaughthimhowtoloveD.Thewritertaughthistwosonshowtoliveandlove.11.Whatwritingtechniquedoestheauthoruseinthelastparagraph?Aparing. B.Listingfacts.C.Givingexamples. D.Expressinghisminddirectly.【答案】9.B10.B11.D【分析】這是一篇記敘文。作者的兩個(gè)兒子患有自閉癥，雖然有許多術(shù)語曾描述過這樣的人，但是作者最喜愛用“有特殊須要的人”來定義他們。作者認(rèn)為患有孤獨(dú)癥的人不僅有特殊的須要，也有特殊的天賦，作者從兩個(gè)孩子身上也學(xué)會(huì)了如何生活和如何去愛，作者認(rèn)為我們都應(yīng)當(dāng)善待彼此。9.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中“Thesedays,thenewesttermispeoplewithSpecialNeeds.MysonsdohaveSpecialNeedsbuttheyalsohaveSpecialGifts.(現(xiàn)在，最新的術(shù)語說他們是‘有特殊需求的人’。我的兒子們的確有特殊的須要，但他們也有特殊的天賦)”以及“Intruth,mytwoSpecialNeedssonshavetaughtmemoreabouthowtoliveandhowtolovethanIcouldhaveeverlearnedonmyown.(事實(shí)上，我的兩個(gè)‘有特殊須要’的兒子教會(huì)了我更多關(guān)于如何生活和如何去愛的學(xué)問，這是我無法獨(dú)自學(xué)會(huì)的)”可知，作者最同意用“有特殊須要的人”來定義他的兒子。故選B。10.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中“Myoldestboymayonlybeabletotalkaboutcertainthings.Autismhaslimitedhislearningandinterests.Butwhenhegreetspeoplebyname,hegivesoutloveandhugsfarmorefreelythanIdo.(我最大的兒子可能只能談?wù)撃承┦虑椤９陋?dú)癥限制了他的學(xué)習(xí)和愛好。但當(dāng)他叫出別人的名字來問候時(shí)，他賜予的愛和擁抱比我要自由得多)”可知，B選項(xiàng)“作者的大兒子教會(huì)了作者如何去愛別人”正確。故選B。11.推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段“ThefactisallofusinthislifehaveSpecialNeeds.AllofusalsohaveSpecialGifts.ItisuptoustoshareourGifts.Itisuptoustomeeteachother'sNeeds.Itisuptoustotreateachotherwithkindnessandlove.Remember,weareallonefamilyhere.WeareallChildrenofthesamemothernature.(事實(shí)上，我們?cè)谶@一生中都有特殊的須要。我們每個(gè)人都有特殊的天賦。共享我們的天賦是我們的責(zé)任。應(yīng)當(dāng)由我們來滿意彼此的須要。這取決于我們?nèi)绾紊拼舜恕Ｓ涀?，在這里我們都是一家人。我們都是同一個(gè)大自然的孩子)”可推知，作者在最終一段運(yùn)用了“直抒胸臆”的寫作技巧。故選D。4MyfathergavemeacopywhenIwas18,andit'sbeenwithmeeversince;it'sabeautifulbookbyAlice.Init,thereisadishofmussels.Itissimpleanddelicious.ItwasprobablythefirstdishIcookedfromthebookandIstillhaveitonthemenuatmyrestauranttoday.Musselsarereallybeautifulintheautumn.Whenyoucookseasonally,youusewhateveryouhaveathand,andeachtimeafoodmaterialcomesbackinseason,youaresohappytoseeit.It'slikegoingbacktooldfriends,likegoinghome.Idofeelthedishwithmusselsisso.Itisthesamewithadishmadebymymother.It'smymum'schickenwithcherries.WhenIwasachild,cherrieswouldmarktheendoftheschoolyear.We'dalwaysgetaboxofeachwhenschoolwasoutforthesummer.Iremembersittinginthegardenhangingcherriesinpairsonmyearslikeearringsandspittingoutthepips,hopingatreewouldgrow.Foodshouldtakeyousomewherespeciallikethat-notinaconfusingway,butinanurturingway,forbothyourbodyandyoursoul.Itshouldtakeyoutoahappyplace,whichislinkedtomemory.SomeoneIworkwithsaysallmyrecipesarememory-bound.NocookhasinfluencedmemorethanAlice:valuingfarmers,pushingfororganicsandcleansoil.Shehasmademethinkaboutfoodwaste,andabouthowfoodcancontributetoasolutiontowiderproblems.AlicetakesmebacktothatmomentwhenIfellinlovewithcooking.Thirty-fiveyearson,Istillfeelthesame.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewriter'sfirstdishinParagraph1?A.Itisdifficulttocook. B.Itisespeciallypopular.C.Heisconfidentaboutit D.Hegotitfromhisfather.13.Whydidthewritermentionhismother'sdishinParagraph2?A.Toexpressthankstohismother B.ToletAlicehaveacomparisonatcookingC.Toshowhowgoodhismotherwasatcooking D.Toshowaspecialdishcanbeasweetmemory.14.Whatkindofrestaurantdoesthewriterwanthisrestauranttobe?A.Agreenone. B.Aspecialone. C.Acheapone. D.Afamousone.15.What'sthewriter'spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Totellabouthisbusinessexperience. B.Toexpressthememoryofhismother.C.Totellaboutthedishthatchangedhislife D.TointroduceacookbookwrittenbyAlice【答案】12.D13.D14.A15.C【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講解并描述了作者做的第一道菜來自于一本愛麗絲寫的書，這是一道貽貝制成的菜。作者也由此引發(fā)了對(duì)食物的思索，作者認(rèn)為食物能夠?qū)⑷藥У揭粋€(gè)歡樂的地方，愛麗絲也讓作者思索食物奢侈，思索食物如何有助于解決更廣泛的問題，對(duì)作者產(chǎn)生了很大的影響。12.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“MyfathergavemeacopywhenIwas18,andit'sbeenwithmeeversince;it'sabeautifulbookbyAlice.Init,thereisadishofmussels.Itissimpleanddelicious.ItwasprobablythefirstdishIcookedfromthebookandIstillhaveitonthemenuatmyrestauranttoday.(我18歲的時(shí)候，我父親給了我一本書，從那時(shí)起它就始終陪伴著我；這是愛麗絲寫的一本美麗的書。里面有一道貽貝制成菜。它簡(jiǎn)潔而美味。這可能是我依據(jù)這本書做的第一道菜，現(xiàn)在我的餐廳的菜單上還保留著這道菜)”可知，作者的第一道菜是從他父親那里得到的。故選D。13.推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中“It'slikegoingbacktooldfriends,likegoinghome.Idofeelthedishwithmusselsisso.Itisthesamewithadishmadebymymother.It'smymum'schickenwithcherries.WhenIwasachild,cherrieswouldmarktheendoftheschoolyear.We'dalwaysgetaboxofeachwhenschoolwasoutforthesummer.Iremembersittinginthegardenhangingcherriesinpairsonmyearslikeearringsandspittingoutthepips,hopingatreewouldgrow.(就像回到老摯友身邊，就像回家一樣。我覺得這道菜貽貝做的菜是這樣，我媽媽做的菜也是這樣的。比如我媽媽做的櫻桃雞。當(dāng)我還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，櫻桃標(biāo)記著學(xué)年的結(jié)束。學(xué)校放暑假的時(shí)候，我們每個(gè)人都會(huì)收到一盒。我記得我坐在花園里，把一對(duì)對(duì)的櫻桃像耳環(huán)一樣掛在耳朵上，把櫻桃核吐出來，希望能長(zhǎng)出櫻桃樹來)”以及第三段中“Foodshouldtakeyousomewherespeciallikethat-notinaconfusingway,butinanurturingway,forbothyourbodyandyoursoul.Itshouldtakeyoutoahappyplace,whichislinkedtomemory.(食物應(yīng)當(dāng)帶你去一個(gè)特殊的地方——不是以一種令人困惑的方式，而是一種對(duì)你的身體和靈魂都有益的方式。它應(yīng)當(dāng)把你帶到一個(gè)歡樂的地方，這是與記憶相連的)”可推知，作者在其次段提到了他媽媽做的菜，是為了表明一道特殊的菜會(huì)是一段甜蜜的回憶。故選D。14.推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中“NocookhasinfluencedmemorethanAlice:valuingfarmers,pushingfororganicsandcleansoil.Shehasmademethinkaboutfoodwaste,andabouthowfoodcancontributetoasolutiontowiderproblems.(沒有哪個(gè)廚師比愛麗絲對(duì)我的影響更大：重視農(nóng)夫，提倡有機(jī)食品和干凈的土壤。她讓我思索食物奢侈，思索食物如何有助于解決更廣泛的問題)”可推知，作者想讓他的餐廳成為一個(gè)綠色環(huán)保的餐廳。故選A。15.推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“MyfathergavemeacopywhenIwas18,andit'sbeenwithmeeversince;it'sabeautifulbookbyAlice.Init,thereisadishofmussels.Itissimpleanddelicious.ItwasprobablythefirstdishIcookedfromthebookandIstillhaveitonthemenuatmyrestauranttoday.(我18歲的時(shí)候，我父親給了我一本書，從那時(shí)起它就始終陪伴著我；這是愛麗絲寫的一本美麗的書。里面有一道貽貝制成菜。它簡(jiǎn)潔而美味。這可能是我依據(jù)這本書做的第一道菜，現(xiàn)在我的餐廳的菜單上還保留著這道菜)”以及最終一段中“NocookhasinfluencedmemorethanAlice:valuingfarmers,pushingfororganicsandcleansoil.Shehasmademethinkaboutfoodwaste,andabouthowfoodcancontributetoasolutiontowiderproblems.(沒有哪個(gè)廚師比愛麗絲對(duì)我的影響更大：重視農(nóng)夫，提倡有機(jī)食品和干凈的土壤)”結(jié)合主要講解并描述了作者做的第一道菜來自于一本愛麗絲寫的書，這是一道貽貝制成的菜。作者也由此引發(fā)了對(duì)食物的思索，作者認(rèn)為食物能夠?qū)⑷藥У揭粋€(gè)歡樂的地方，愛麗絲也讓作者思索食物奢侈，思索食物如何有助于解決更廣泛的問題，對(duì)作者產(chǎn)生了很大影響?？赏浦髡邔戇@篇文章的目的是講解并描述變更他生活的那道菜。故選C。5Aboywasdyingofterminalleukemia(白血病).Hismothertookhishandandasked,“Bopsy,didyoueverthinkaboutwhatyouwantedtobewhenyougrewup?”“Mommy,IalwayswantedtobeafiremanwhenIgrewup.”Laterthatdayshewenttothefiredepartment,whereshemetFiremanBob.Sheexplainedherson’sfinalwishandaskedifitmightbepossibletogivehersix-year-oldsonaridearoundtheblockonafireengine.FiremanBobsaid,“Look,wecandobetterthanthat.We’llmakehimanhonoraryfiremanforthewholeday.Hecancomedowntothefirestation,eatwithus,gooutonallthefirecalls,thewholenineyards!And,we’llgetarealfireuniformmadeforhim.”ThreedayslaterFiremanBobpickedupBopsy,dressedhiminhisfireuniformandescorted(護(hù)送)himfromhishospitalbedtothewaitinghookandladdertruck.Bopsywasinheaven.Havinghisdreamcometrue,withalltheloveandattentionthatwaslavished(慷慨賜予)uponhim,Bopsylivedthreemonthslongerthananydoctorthoughtpossible.OnenightallofhisvitalsignsbegantodropandtheheadnursecalledthefirechiefandaskedifitwouldbepossibletosendafiremaninuniformtothehospitaltobewithBopsyashemadehistransition.Thechiefreplied,“Wecandobetterthanthat.We’llbethereinfiveminutes.Willyoupleasedomeafavor?Whenyouhearthesirens(警報(bào)器)screamingandseethelightsflashing,willyouannounceoverthePAsystemthatit’sjustthefiredepartmentcomingtoseeoneofitsfinestmembersonemoretime?Andwillyouopenthewindowtohisroom?”Aboutfiveminuteslaterahookandladdertruckarrivedatthehospital,extendeditsladderuptoBopsy’sthirdflooropenwindowand14firemenandtwofire-womenclimbeduptheladderintoBopsy’sroom.Theyhuggedhimandheldhimandtoldhimhowmuchtheylovedhim.Withhisdyingbreath,Bopsylookedupatthefirechiefandsaid,“Chief,amIreallyafiremannow?”Withthosewords,Bopsysmiledandclosedhiseyesforthelasttime.16.WhydidBopsy’smothergotothefiredepartment?A.Hersonwantedtogetafireuniform.B.Hersonwantedtorideonafireengine.C.Shewantedhersontobecomearealfireman.D.Shewantedtohelphersontorealizehisdream.17.WhatdidFiremanBobprobablymeanbysaying“thewholenineyards”inthethirdparagraph?A.Thefireenginewasnineyardslong.B.Thewholejourneythatdaywasveryupsetting.C.Bopsycouldexperienceeverythingasafireman.D.Allthesirensofthefireengineswouldscreamthatday.18.Whydidtheheadnursewantafiremaninuniformtobesenttothehospital?A.BecauseBopsybeggedhertodoso.B.BecauseBopsysawthefiremenashisfamilymembers.C.BecauseshewantedBopsytobeapprovedasarealfireman.D.BecauseshewantedtodosomethingforBopsybeforehedied.19.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestshowsthethemeofthepassage?A.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.B.Sometimestherearemiraclesbecauseoflove.C.Greatthingsmaybedonebypainstakingefforts.D.Amotherunderstandswhatachilddoesnotsay.【答案】16.D17.C18.D19.B【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了身患晚期白血病的男孩Bopsy幻想長(zhǎng)大后成為一名消防員，最終在大家的幫助下，讓Bopsy在臨終前體驗(yàn)了做消防員的感覺。16.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段及第三段中的““Mommy,IalwayswantedtobeafiremanwhenIgrewup.”Laterthatdayshewenttothefiredepartment,whereshemetFiremanBob.Sheexplainedherson’sfinalwishandaskedifitmightbepossibletogivehersix-year-oldsonaridearoundtheblockonafireengine.”可知，“媽媽，我始終想長(zhǎng)大后當(dāng)一名消防員?！蹦翘焱硇r(shí)候，她去了消防隊(duì)，遇到了消防員鮑勃。她說明了兒子的遺愿，問能否讓她六歲的兒子坐消防車圍著街區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)一圈。由此可知，Bopsy的媽媽去了消防隊(duì)，因?yàn)樗霂椭膬鹤訉?shí)現(xiàn)他的幻想。故選D。17.詞句揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)其次段中的“We’llmakehimanhonoraryfiremanforthewholeday.Hecancomedowntothefirestation,eatwithus,gooutonallthefirecalls,thewholenineyards!”可知，我們要讓他做一成天的榮譽(yù)消防員。他可以去消防站，和我們一起吃飯，去接全部的火警電話，整九碼！由此可知，消防員鮑勃在第三段說的“整九碼”可能意思是“Bopsy可以體驗(yàn)作為一名消防員的一切”。故選C。18.推理推斷題。依據(jù)第五段中的“OnenightallofhisvitalsignsbegantodropandtheheadnursecalledthefirechiefandaskedifitwouldbepossibletosendafiremaninuniformtothehospitaltobewithBopsyashemadehistransition.”可知，一天晚上，Bopsy的生命體征起先下降，護(hù)士長(zhǎng)打電話給消防隊(duì)長(zhǎng)，問他是否可以派一名穿制服的消防員去醫(yī)院陪他渡過最終的時(shí)間。由此可知，護(hù)士長(zhǎng)懇求一個(gè)穿制服的消防員去醫(yī)院，因?yàn)樗朐贐opsy死前為他做點(diǎn)什么。故選D。19.主旨大意題。依據(jù)全文內(nèi)容及第四段中的“Havinghisdreamcometrue,withalltheloveandattentionthatwaslavished(慷慨賜予)uponhim,Bopsylivedthreemonthslongerthananydoctorthoughtpossible.”可知，在大家的愛惜和關(guān)懷下，Bopsy的幻想實(shí)現(xiàn)了，他比任何醫(yī)生都多活了三個(gè)月。由此可知，“有時(shí)候，因?yàn)閻?，才?huì)有奇跡”可以最好地展示這篇文章的主題。故選B。6Ifyouareaimingtomasteranythingquickly,youcanlearnfromAlbertEinsteinandRichardFeynman.Theyofferpracticaladviceyoucanusetoimproveyourlearning.AccordingtoEinstein,improvingyourintellectualcapacityshouldbefunandenjoyable——happylearnersarequicklearners.In1915,hewrotealettertohis11-year-oldson(HansAlbert)

whowaslearningthepianoandsaid:“Iamverypleasedthatyoufindjoywiththepiano.Thisandcarpentryareinmyopinionforyouragethebestpursuits,bettereventhanschool,becausethosearethingswhichfitayoung

personsuchasyouverywell.Mainlyplaythethingsonthepianowhichpleaseyou,evenifthe

teacherdoesnotassignthose.Thatisthewaytolearnthemostwhenyouaredoingsomething

withsuchenjoymentthatyoudon’tnoticethatthetimepasses.”Tolearnanythingfasterorbetter,choosetopicsyouwillenjoy—ifyouhavecontroloverwhatyouarelearning.Makethelearningrelevant.Youshouldbeabletoanswerthequestion

“WhyamIlearningthis?”atanypoint.RichardFeynmanwonaNobelPrizeandalwayswantedtoknowmoreandtolearnmore.Knownasthe“GreatExplainer”，hewasfamousforhisabilitytoexplaincomplextopicsin

simpleways.TheFeynmanTechnique,hisapproachtoimprovinglearning,featuresexplainingorteachingwhatyoulearntoothers.Itcanhelpyoulearnbetterandkeepmoreofwhatyoulearn.

AccordingtoFeynman,itissignificanttohavetheabilitytoexplainthingssimply—sosimple,infact,thatyoucouldexplainittoaneight-year-old.Einsteinagrees.Heoncesaid,

“Ifyoucan't

explainitsimply,youdon’tunderstanditwellenough.”Forthousandsofyears,peoplehaveknownthatthebestwaytounderstandaconceptistoexplainittosomeoneelse.“Whileweteach,welearn,”saidtheRomanphilosopherSeneca.

Learnerskeepagreaterpercentageofwhattheylearnwhentheyexplainorteachtheconceptto

someoneelse,oruseitimmediately.Yourideaswillneverbemoreeffectivethanyourabilityto

makeothersgraspthem.Whenyoushare,yourememberbetter.20.Einsteinwrotethelettertohissoninorderto_.A.encourageHanstoplaythepianowellB.sharesomeusefuladviceonhowtoplaythepianoC.supportHans'learningthepianowithenjoymentD.suggestHanstakingteachers*assignmentseriously21.WhichofthefollowingisthecharacteristicoftheFeynmanTechnique?A.Teachingwhatyoulearntoothers. B.Explainingyourthingsthoroughly.C.Choosingenjoyabletopics. D.Understandingthingswellenough.22.WhyistheRomanphilosopherSenecamentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Toprovideadviceonhowtoteachconcepts.B.Toillustratethesignificanceofteachingothers.C.Toimpressthereaderswithhismeaningfulquotes.D.Toshowpeople’sexplorationofconceptsinhistory.23.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SecretsofLearningFaster.B.BenefitsofTeachingOthers.C.ContributionofGreatExplainers.D.ImportanceofLearningwithEnjoyment.【答案】20.C21.A22.B23.A【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章是要介紹快速學(xué)習(xí)的秘訣?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段第一句“Iamverypleasedthatyoufindjoywiththepiano.”（我很興奮你能從鋼琴中找到樂趣。）可知，愛因斯坦給他兒子寫這封信是為了以開心的心情支持漢斯學(xué)習(xí)鋼琴。故選C。2.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第六段第一句“TheFeynmanTechnique,hisapproachtoimprovinglearning,featuresexplainingorteachingwhatyoulearntoothers.”（費(fèi)曼技巧是他改進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)的方法，其特點(diǎn)是向他人說明或傳授你所學(xué)到的學(xué)問。）可知，費(fèi)曼技巧的特點(diǎn)是向他人說明或傳授你所學(xué)到的學(xué)問。故選A。3.推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段“Forthousandsofyears,peoplehaveknownthatthebestwaytounderstandaconceptistoexplainittosomeoneelse.“Whileweteach,welearn,”saidtheRomanphilosopherSeneca.”可知，幾千年來，人們都知道，理解一個(gè)概念的最好方法，就是把概念交給別人。羅馬哲學(xué)家塞內(nèi)卡說過:“我們?cè)诮虒W(xué)的同時(shí)也在學(xué)習(xí)”。由此推斷出，最終一段中提到Seneca是為了說明教育他人的重要性。故選B。4.主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段第一句和其次句“Ifyouareaimingtomasteranythingquickly,youcanlearnfromAlbertEinsteinandRichardFeynman.Theyofferpracticaladviceyoucanusetoimproveyourlearning.”（假如你的目標(biāo)是快速駕馭任何東西，你可以向阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦和理查德·費(fèi)曼學(xué)習(xí)。他們供應(yīng)好用的建議，你可以用來提高你的學(xué)習(xí)。）可知，短文的最佳標(biāo)題為“快速學(xué)習(xí)的秘訣”。故選A。7Lifeisfilledwithchallenges.Aswegetolder,wecometorealizethatthosechallengesaretheverythingsthatshapeusandmakeuswhoweare.Itisthesamewiththechallengesthatcomewithfriendship.Whenwearefacedwithachallenge,weusuallyhavetwochoices.Wecantrytochallengeit,orwecandecidethatthethingisn’tworththetroubleandcallitquits.Althoughtherearecertainlytimeswhencallingitquitsistherightthingtodo,inmostcasewhatweneedediscommitment(投入)andcommunication.Whenwearecommittedtosomething,itmeansthatnomatterhowpainfulorhowuncomfortablesomethingis,wewillalwayschoosetofaceitinsteadofrunningawayfromit.Communicationismakingspacefordiscussionandtalkingabouthowyoufeelinsteadofjustsayingwhattheotherpersondidwrong.Ifyoucansaytoafriend,“Igotmyfeelingshurt.”ratherthan“Youhurtmyfeelings.”youaregoingtobeabletosolvetheproblemmuchfaster.Indealingwithmanychallengesthatfriendshipwillbringtoyou,trytoseethemforwhattheyare:smallhurdles(欄桿)youneedtojumporgetthroughonyourwaythroughlife.Nothingissobigthatitisimpossibletogetover,andhurtonlyservestomakeusstronger.It’sallpartofgrowingup.Ithappenstoeveryone,andsomedayyouwilllookbackonallofthisandsay,“Hardasitwas,itmademewhoIamtoday.Andthatisagoodthing,”24.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Friendshipneedschallenges.B.Challengesshapeourchallenges.C.Smallhurdlesaren’tworththetrouble.Dmitmentcanformfriendship.25.Whatdidthewritersuggestwhenfacedwithachallenge?A.Oneshouldcallitquits.B.Oneshouldtemporarilyrunawayfromit.C.Oneshouldbecommittedandcommunicable.D.Oneshouldlayjtasideforawhileandaskforothers’help.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“callitquits”inParagraph1mean?A.Letgoofit. B.Getoverit,C.Forgetaboutit. D.Putitaside.27.Thewholepassageiscenteredontherelationshipbetween________.A.friendshipandchallenges BmunicationandfriendshipCmitmentandcommunication D.challengesandthewaystogetthrough【答案】24.A25.C26.A27.A【分析】本文是一篇爭(zhēng)論文，告知我們友情中的挑戰(zhàn)有助于我們成長(zhǎng)，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)正確對(duì)待友情中的挑戰(zhàn)。24.推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“Aswegetolder,wecometorealizethatthosechallengesaretheverythingsthatshapeusandmakeuswhoweare.Itisthesamewiththechallengesthatcomewithfriendship.”（隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，我們漸漸意識(shí)到，正是這些挑戰(zhàn)塑造了我們，讓我們成為了現(xiàn)在的自己。友情帶來的挑戰(zhàn)也是如此）可知，友情帶來的挑戰(zhàn)有助于我們的成長(zhǎng)，因此友情中也須要挑戰(zhàn)，故選A。25.推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“Althoughtherearecertainlytimeswhencallingitquitsistherightthingtodo,inmostcasewhatweneedediscommitmentandcommunication.”（雖然有時(shí)放棄是正確的，但在大多數(shù)狀況下，我們須要的是投入和溝通）可知，作者認(rèn)為面對(duì)友情中的挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)，我們須要投入和溝通，故選C。26.詞句揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)畫線短語前的“Whenwearefacedwithachallenge,weusuallyhavetwochoices.Wecantrytochallengeit,orwecandecidethatthethingisn’tworththetrouble”可知，當(dāng)面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)，我們通常有兩種選擇。一種是我們可以試著挑戰(zhàn)它，另一種是我們認(rèn)定這件事不值得我們費(fèi)心去做，接下來自然是放棄它，由此可知畫線短語的意思是“放手、放棄”，故選A。27.主旨大意題。通讀全文