新高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)題型歸納與變式演練專題19 語法填空之有提示詞（原卷版）

專題19語法填空之有提示詞（原卷版）在一篇約200詞左右的短文中留出10個(gè)空白，部分空白后面給出單詞的基本形式，要求考生根據(jù)上下文在空白處填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或所給單詞的正確形式。語法填空則更側(cè)重考查考生語法和詞匯在語境中的運(yùn)用，強(qiáng)調(diào)詞匯的變形。同時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)語篇分析能力，凸顯交際性和語境化特征。有提示詞的空處一般考查的是動(dòng)、名、形、副。一、有提示詞解法思維導(dǎo)圖(一)高頻考點(diǎn)之一：提示詞為動(dòng)詞1．考查謂語動(dòng)詞解題攻略若句中無謂語動(dòng)詞，或者雖然已有謂語動(dòng)詞，但需填的動(dòng)詞與之是并列關(guān)系時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是謂語動(dòng)詞；此時(shí)，應(yīng)先考慮時(shí)態(tài)，考生可以根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語或語篇提示確定時(shí)態(tài)，然后考慮語態(tài)，最后需考慮主謂一致和語氣問題，來確定謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)。舉例1Whilerunningregularlycan'tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit____(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglifethanwalking,cyclingorswimming.分析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，前半句是由while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，后半句是主句，主句中含有一個(gè)賓語從句，即it...orswimming作says的賓語。又因此處是對(duì)客觀情況的描述，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，再根據(jù)主謂一致原則可知，應(yīng)填is。舉例2DietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry____(grow)morecornthanrice.分析：分析句子成分可知，空格所在的句子中缺少謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語Since2011可知，謂語動(dòng)詞需用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)用主動(dòng)語態(tài)，再根據(jù)主謂一致原則可知填hasgrown。舉例3TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment____(start)asoil-testingprogramthatgivesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.分析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，whenthegovernment____(start)asoil-testingprogram為關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)的定語從句，先行詞為2005。通過分析定語從句可知從句中缺少謂語動(dòng)詞，再根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語between2005可知應(yīng)填一般過去時(shí)，根據(jù)句意可知需用主動(dòng)語態(tài)，故填started?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞解題攻略若句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞，空處又不在句中作并列謂語時(shí)，所要填的通常是非謂語動(dòng)詞，此時(shí)需進(jìn)一步確定是非謂語動(dòng)詞的哪種形式。一般來說，作主語、賓語、表語、定語通常用動(dòng)名詞形式；此外，doing表示主動(dòng)、正在進(jìn)行；done表示被動(dòng)、完成；todo表示尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。舉例4Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong____(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof____(die)earlybyrunning.分析：第一句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞don'thavetorun，故空格處應(yīng)為非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)填不定式tosee，作目的狀語。第二句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞reduce，故空格處應(yīng)為非謂語動(dòng)詞。又因空格前有介詞of，結(jié)合句意可知，應(yīng)填dying，作介詞of的賓語。舉例5Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice____(improve)waterquality.分析：句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞encourages，故空格處應(yīng)為非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)填不定式toimprove，作目的狀語。舉例6China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile___(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide，”saysthebank'sJuergenVoegele.分析：分析句子成分可知，句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞offers，再根據(jù)空格前有從屬連詞while可知，“while____(feed)itscitizens”為時(shí)間狀語從句的省略結(jié)構(gòu)，所填的詞與其邏輯主語China之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)填現(xiàn)在分詞feeding。舉例7ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,whenIwasthefirstWesternTVreporter____(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.分析：when引導(dǎo)的從句中已經(jīng)有謂語動(dòng)詞was，且從句中無其他連詞，故空處應(yīng)填非謂語動(dòng)詞。reporter與permit之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞表被動(dòng)。過去分詞短語permittedto...作后置定語，修飾reporter。故填permitted。3．考查派生詞解題攻略有時(shí)所給提示詞雖然是動(dòng)詞，但是空格處既不是考查謂語動(dòng)詞也不是考查非謂語動(dòng)詞，而是要求填所給詞的派生詞。此時(shí)要結(jié)合空格處前后的修飾詞來確定所給提示詞應(yīng)派生為哪種詞性。一般考查動(dòng)詞派生為名詞，有時(shí)還需考慮動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樾稳菰~甚至副詞。舉例8Thisswitchhasdecreased__66__(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.分析：分析句子成分可知空格前面有謂語動(dòng)詞hasdecreased，其后缺少賓語，故填名詞pollution。舉例9Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe___(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.分析：由前面的定冠詞the可知，其后應(yīng)接名詞，故填introduction。(二)高頻考點(diǎn)之二：提示詞為名詞解題攻略所給提示詞為名詞時(shí)，通?？疾榭蓴?shù)名詞的單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)，或名詞派生為形容詞、動(dòng)詞等。舉例10Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014thatshowedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall___(cause)．分析：分析句子成分可知，fromall___(cause)為介詞短語作后置定語，空處位于介詞之后作賓語，又因空格前面有all，所以填其復(fù)數(shù)形式causes。舉例11Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto____(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.分析：分析句子成分可知，空格前面有謂語動(dòng)詞do，再根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞形式，與空前的不定式符號(hào)to構(gòu)成不定式短語，在句中作目的狀語。故填strengthen。舉例12TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost____(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.分析：根據(jù)語境并結(jié)合空前的themost可知，空處表達(dá)最高級(jí)意義。故填successful。(三)高頻考點(diǎn)之三：提示詞為形容詞或副詞解題攻略當(dāng)提示詞為形容詞或副詞時(shí)，需考慮是否是考查比較級(jí)或形容詞和副詞之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換。當(dāng)提示詞為形容詞時(shí)，還要考慮是否需要轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞形式。舉例13(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears____(long)thannon-runners.分析：根據(jù)空格后面的than可知，此處考查比較級(jí)形式，故填longer。舉例14Atasteformeatis__63__(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.分析：分析句子成分可知，空處在句中作狀語，修飾謂語動(dòng)詞is應(yīng)用副詞。故填actually。(四)低頻考點(diǎn)：提示詞為代詞解題攻略所給提示詞是代詞時(shí)，一般考查人稱代詞變?yōu)槲镏鞔~。有時(shí)需考慮人稱代詞單數(shù)變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)、主格變?yōu)橘e格、人稱代詞變?yōu)榉瓷泶~等。舉例15WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind___(they)alive.分析：因空處作動(dòng)詞find的賓語，故應(yīng)填人稱代詞的賓格形式，即them。舉例16Onmyrecentvisit,Iheldalivelythree-month-oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedby__68__(it)mother.分析：mother是名詞，所填詞作定語修飾mother，故填其形容詞性物主代詞its。二、高考真題分項(xiàng)演練一、2022年高考真題【2022新高考I卷】TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparatepopulationsandhomesofgiantpandas,and__________(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.【2022全國乙卷】“AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthe__largest_(large)tea-producingcountry,Chinahasa___65___(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.【2022全國乙卷】TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremonyopening__________(it)firstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu’erTea.【2022新高考I卷】__________(cover)anareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.【2022新高考I卷】Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority___________(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.【2022全國甲卷】Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirststep___________(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路線)byfoot.【2022全國甲卷】InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation___________(hold)inBeijing,Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.【2022全國甲卷】Heflew4,700kilometersfromXi’antoKashgaronSept.20,__________(plan)tohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.【2022全國乙卷】__________(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,__________(invite)twenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.【2022年新高考2卷】HenryTylermadethecatchoftheyearontheweekend.Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixth-floorapartmentbalcony(陽臺(tái)),Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe___36___(fall)child.【2022年新高考2卷】Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachairontothebalcony,andclimbedup___39___(see)them.【2022新高考I卷】Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat__________(be)previouslyunprotected,【2022新高考I卷】Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP__________(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,andleavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(資產(chǎn))forfuturegenerations”.【2022年浙江卷1月】ButCobbandothers________（be）nowquestioningthatideapushingconferencestoprovidemorechancestoparticipateremotely,and________（change）theirpersonalbehaviortodotheirpartindealingwiththeclimatechangecrisis.【2022全國甲卷】Caobelievesthiswillmakethehikingtripevenmore___________(meaning).【2022全國甲卷】...andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa’s_________(high)mountain.【2022全國乙卷】“AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthe_________(large)tea-producingcountry,Chinahasaresponsibilitytoworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.【2022年浙江卷1月】OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,__________（rough）200academics-manyofthemclimatescientistshavepromisedtoflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.【2022新高考二卷】Onthedayoftheaccident,Mrs.BrownwasatworkandEricwasathomewithhisfather.Theybothfell___38___(sleep)whilewatchingTV.【2022新高考二卷】Whenhelookeddown,he___40___(accidental)slippedandfellovertheedge.【2022.6全國甲卷改錯(cuò)】ThedisagreementwastoosharpthatneitherhenorIknewwhattosettleit.【2022.6全國乙卷語法填空】___68___(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,【2022年新高考2卷】Hesavedmyson'slife,"saidMrs.Brown."Idon'tknow___45___tothankhim.”二、2021年高考真題【2021.6新高考1卷語法填空】Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan'thelpwonderinghowhardit

6

(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.【2021.6浙江卷語法填空】AfterLincolnwaselectedPresidentoftheUSin1861,theyrentedthehouseand

10

(sell)mostoftheirfurniture.【2021.6全國甲卷語法填空】It

1

(build)originallytoprotectthecity

in

theTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored（修復(fù)）.【2021.6全國甲卷語法填空】We

6

(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.【2021.6浙江卷語法填空】Itdoesn'timpresslikeGeorgeWashington'splantationonthePohomac,butLincoln'shomeindowntownSpringfield,Illinois,

1

(prove)irresistibletovisitorssinceitopenedtothepublie.

【2021.6浙江卷語法填空】Mary'sniecewrote,pretty,"Thelittlehome

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(paint)white.【2021.1浙江卷語法填空】Itiscalculatedbydividinga

person’sweightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and25

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(consider)healthy.【2021.1浙江卷語法填空】Incities,however,thegain

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(be)1.3inwomenand1.6inmen.【2021.6新高考1卷語法填空】Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.Itwill

3

(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed!【2021.6新高考1卷語法填空】Butthat'shownatureis—alwaysleavingus

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(astonish).【2021.6全國甲卷語法填空】Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand

watchtowerstotakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir

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(day)routines.【2021.6全國甲卷語法填空】Afterspendingsometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat

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(good)thantorideonapieceofhistory!【2021.6全國乙卷語法填空】Provide

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(finance)aidandotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.【2021.6浙江卷語法填空】Whenthehousewasbuilt,itwasmuch

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(small)thanitistoday.【2021.1浙江卷語法填空】But30yearslater,theBMIdifferencebetweenurbanandruralpeopleinmanycountrieshadnarrowed

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(sharp).【2021.1浙江卷語法填空】Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople

livinginthecountryside,including

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(low)levelsofincomeandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.【2021.6全國乙卷語法填空】Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome

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(educate)abouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe

developmentofthelocalareas.【2021.6新高考1卷語法填空】Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywe

2

(human)are.【2021.6全國甲卷語法填空】Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand

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(watchtower)totakepictures...【2021.6全國乙卷語法填空】.

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(activity)thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking（遠(yuǎn)足）andaccommodationsaim

tohavealowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.【2021.1浙江卷語法填空】Itiscalculatedbydividinga

3

(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and25

4

(consider)healthy.【2021.6浙江卷語法填空】In1844theyboughtit

for＄1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser,whoperformedtheir

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(marry)ceremonyin1842.【2021.6全國乙卷語法填空】Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome

educatedabouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe

2

(develop)ofthelocalareas.【2021.6新高考1卷語法填空】Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventure

andoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour

8

(ache)legs.【2021.6全國甲卷語法填空】Itispossible

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(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.【2021.6全國甲卷語法填空】After

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(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat

betterthantorideonapieceofhistory!【2021.6全國乙卷語法填空】Minimizetheimpactof

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(visit)theplace.【2021.6全國乙卷語法填空】Activitithererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking（遠(yuǎn)足）andaccommodationsaim

10

(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.二、高考真題綜合演練一、2022年高考真題【2022年新高考2卷】HenryTylermadethecatchoftheyearontheweekend.Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixth-floorapartmentbalcony(陽臺(tái)),Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe___36___(fall)child.EricBrown,onlythreeyearsold,knockedHenrydownwhenhefell.Theboyisinthehospitalanddoctorssayhe'llbeOK.___37___BrownfamilyliveinanapartmentbuildingoutsideToronto.Onthedayoftheaccident,Mrs.BrownwasatworkandEricwasathomewithhisfather.Theybothfell___38___(sleep)whilewatchingTV.Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachairontothebalcony,andclimbedup___39___(see)them.Whenhelookeddown,he___40___(accidental)slippedandfellovertheedge.Hehungonforafewminutes___41___screamedforhisfather,buthisfatherdidn'thearhim.Henry___42___(fix)hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.HelookedupandsawErichangingfromthebalcony.Hequickly___43___(throw)histoolsaside,andstartedrunning,armsout.Hesavedmy___44___(son)life,"saidMrs.Brown."Idon'tknow___45___tothankhim.”"Ijustdidn'twanttheboytobehurt,"saidHenry.【2022年全國乙卷】May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaDay,whichwasnamedofficially___61___theUnitedNationsonNovember27th,2019.Tocelebrate___62___festival,anumberofeventstookplaceattheChineseBusinessmanMuseuminBeijingonThursday.ThechairmanoftheChinaCulturePromotionSociety___63___(address)theopeningceremony.“AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthe___64___(large)tea-producingcountry,Chinahasa___65___(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha___66___(share)futureformankind,”hesaid.The“FirstInternationalTeaDayTeaRoadCooperativeInitiative”issued(發(fā)布)attheceremonycallsforpeopleworkingintheteaindustrytocometogethertopromoteinternationalcooperation___67___culturalexchanges.Afour-yearteapromotion—TeaRoadCooperativePlan—wasalsoissuedinaccordancewiththeinitiative.___68___(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,___69___(invite)twenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremonyopening_____70_____(it)firstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu’erTea.【2022年北京卷】AHelenwaswalkingdownthestreetlate11theevening,herarmsfilledwithgrocerybags.Focusedonbalancingthebags,shedidn’tnoticeherwalletfallingoutofherpocket.AsHelenwalkedon,sheheardamanchargingtowardsher.Fearfulthathemighthaveanintention12(harm)her,Helenstartedtorun.Eventually,theman13(catch)upwithher,andhewasonlytryingtoreturnherwallet!BWhydohumansprefersomesmellsoverothers?Onetheory,increasingly 14(support)byexperts,suggeststhatsmellpreferencesarelearned.It’seasytoexplainhowwedetermine15smellsaredangerousornot:welearn.Thishasbeenadoptedtoensureeasierdetectionofgasleaks.Gasnaturally16(have)norecognisablesmell.However,astrongsmellisaddedsothatwecanraisethealarmwhenwedetectthesmellassociatedwithdanger.CSincepeoplecan’talwayseatoutorcookfor17(they),theygettakeoutororderdelivery.Moretakeoutandmorefooddeliveryequalmorewaste,especiallyplasticwaste.Thatincludescups,bottles,andbags,mostof18areonlygoodforoneuse.That’sabigproblemanditisgettingeven19(bad).Theuseofthoseplastics20(increase)by300%since2019.Theworldwon’tsurviveifthissituationcontinues.【2022年1月浙江卷】Kim

Cobb,aprofessorattheGeorgia

InstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademics56

arecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange,Travellingtoconferences,lectures,workshops,andthelike-frequentlybyplane57

(view)asimportantforscientiststogettogetherandexchangeinformation.ButCobbandothers58

(be)nowquestioning

thatidea

pushingconferencestoprovidemorechancestoparticipateremotelyand59

(change)theirpersonalbehaviortodotheirpartindealingwiththeclimatechangecrisis.OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci.Forexample.60

(rough)

200academics-manyofthemclimatescientists61

(promise)toflyaslittleaspossible

sincetheeffortstartedtwoyears

ago.Cobb,forherpart,startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeak62

shecoulddosoremotely,aboutthreequartersof63

time,theyagreed,Whentheanswerwasno,shedeclinedthe

64

(invite).ThatapproachbroughtCobb’sairtravel

lastyeardownby75%,andsheplans65

(continue)thepractice.“Ithasbeenfairlyrewarding.”shesays.”areallypositivechange”二、2021年高考真題【2021.6北京卷A篇】Whydowedream?Scientistsaren'tcompletelysure,andtheyhavediverse

1

(idea).Dreamsmightbeasideeffectofmemorymaking.Whenyousleep,yourbrainsortsthrougheverything

2

happenedduringtheday,tryingtolinknewexperiencestooldmemories.Asit

3

(connect)things,yourbrainturnsthemintoastory,andyougetadream.【2021.6北京卷B篇】Samisanin-real-lifestreamer（播主）,andhelivestreamshimselfjustgoingabouthisday.Whileridinghisbikehome

1

acoldnight,hecameacrossasad-lookingelderlywomanwanderingthestreetsbyherself.Thepoorwomanwasn'tabletogivehimanyinformationabout

2

shelived.Samwalkedhertoanearbyconveniencestoresothatshecould

3

(safe)waitforthepolicetotakeherhome.【2021.6北京卷C篇】There

1

(be)adramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,

2

(cause)largelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.From2000to2019,therewere7,348majornaturaldisastersaroundtheworld,

3

(result)inUSD2,970billionineconomicloss.Muchofthisincreasecanbeduetoclimatechange.Thefindingsshowacriticalneed

4

(invest)indisasterprevention.【2021.6新高考2卷】I'vealwayslovedtheocean.Inthe____36____(seven)grade,IstartedvolunteeringattheMontereyBayAquariuminCalifornia.Iwasupsettolearnthatmanyseaanimalseatplasticgarbage,____37____(think)itisfood.Idecidedtodosomething____38____(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.Iheldpresentationsatschoolstoteachkidsaboutplasticwaste.Iwantedtoreachbusinessestoo.IdecidedthatifIlearnedofacompany____39____usedalotofplastic,I'dsenditanemailurgingittocutback.Oneday,Isawacommercialforahealth-carecompany.Peopleintheadwereusingplasticstraws（吸管）.Ifoundthecontactinformationofthecompany____40____emaileditspresident.Itoldhimhow____41____(harm)plasticcouldbetotheenvironmentandaskedhimtoconsiderusingmoreeco-friendlyoptions.Iwasso____42____(excite)whenhewrotebacktome.Hesaidhewouldmakesurethatthecompanycutitsuseofplasticstrawsinhalf.Ikeptgoing.WheneverIheardofbusinessesusingplastic,I'dsendanemail.OneofthebiggestcompaniesIwroteto____43____(be)AlaskaAirlinesParis.Acompany____44____(represent)wrotebackandtoldmetheairlinewasswitchingover_____45_____plastictopapercupsonallofits1,200dailyflights.【2021.6全國乙卷】Ecotourismiscommonlyregardedaslowimpact（影響）traveltoundisturbedplaces.Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome

1

(educate)abouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe

2

(develop)ofthelocalareas.Ecotourismhas

3

(it)originwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconcept

4

thelate1980s.Duringthattime,increasingenvironmentalawarenessmadeitdesirable.Dueto

5

growingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretravel,varioustypes

6

tripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.Actually,atrueeco-friendlytripmustmeetthefollowingprinciples:●Minimizetheimpactof

7

(visit)theplace.●Buildrespectforandawarenessoftheenvironmentandculturalpractices.●Provide

8

(finance)aidandotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.●Makesurethatthetourismprovidespositiveexperiencesforboththevisitorsandthehosts.KomodoNationalPark,officiallyrecognizedin1980,ispopularforecotourismbecauseofitsuniquebiodiversity.

9

(activity)thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking（遠(yuǎn)足）andaccommodationsaim

10

(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.【2021.1浙江卷】Inastudyof33yearsoftrendsinBodyMassIndex（體重指數(shù)）across200countriesthescientistsfoundthatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier

1

thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMTinruralareas.BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool

2

givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.Itiscalculatedbydividinga

3

(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and25

4

(consider)healthy.Thestudyfoundthatbetween1985and2017,averageruralBMIincreased

5

2.1inwomenandmen.Incities,however,thegain

6

(be)1.3inwomenand1.6inmen.Theresearchersdescribed"strikingchanges"inthegeographyofBMI.In1985,urbanmenandwomeninmorethanthreequartersofthecountries

7

(study)hadhigherBMIsthanmenandwomeninruralareas.But30yearslater,theBMIdifferencebetweenurbanandruralpeopleinmanycountrieshadnarrowed

8

(sharp).Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople

9

(live)inthecountryside,including

10

(low)levelsofincomeandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities. 三、2020年高考真題【2020全國3卷】InancientChinalivedanartist

1

paintingswerealmostlifelike.Theartist'sreputationhadmadehimproud.Onedaytheemperorwantedtogethisportrait（畫像）donesohecalledallgreatartiststocomeandpresenttheir

2

（fine）work,sothathecouldchoosethebest.Theartistwassurehewould

3

（choose）,butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor'schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.ThewiseoldmantoldhimtotraveltotheLiRiver—perhapshecouldlearnalittlefromthegreatestartistintheworld.Filledwith

4

（curious）,theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.

5

heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary（傳奇的）artist,theysmiledand

6

（point）downtheriver.Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout

7

（find）thewell-knownpainter.Asthesmallboatmoved,

8

（gentle）alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.Hepassedmilkywhitewaterfallsandmountainsinmanyshadesofblue.Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds

9

（surround）themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.Theartistwasfinallyhumbled（謙卑）bythegreatestartist

10

earth,MotherNature.【2020北京卷】A篇OliverisahostofaTVprogrammeonfood.Hesaysfood

1

（play）abigroleinhislife."Mymumwasagreatcook,andshe'dsometimesletmehaveatry,"hesaid.ThefirstdishOliverpreparedforhisfamilywasfriedchickenwings.Hemadeitwithhismum'shelp.Oliversaysifyou're

2

（luck）enoughtohavesomeoneclosetoyouwhoenjoyscooking,askthem

3

youcanjoininwhenit'spossible.B篇Single-useplasticbagsareusedatmostafewtimesbeforethey

1

（throw）

away.Ittakesthemhundredsofyears

2

（break）down.Manyofthesebagsendup

in

the

ocean

where

larger

ones

can

trap

sea

creatures,such

as

turtles

and

dolphins.

Over

time,the

bags

fall

apart

3

countlesstinypieces,andfishcanaccidentallyeat

some

of

them.

Now,lots

of

4

（country）andregionsaretakingactiontobanthesaleofsuchbagstostoppeopleusingthem.C篇Apieceofstone

1

（find）onaDutchbeachsuggeststhatourextincthumanrelatives,knownasNeanderthals,wereclevererthanpreviouslythought.TheNeanderthals

2

（live）alongsidehumanancestorsinEuropefortensofthousandsofyears,beforedyingoutabout40,000yearsago.Theyweremuchstrongerthanmodernhumans,butit'slongbeenassumedthathumanancestorswere

3

（smart）thantheNeanderthals.However,thestonetoolmadebyNeanderthalssuggestsotherwise.【2020.7上海卷】Oneoftheearliest-knowninventionsisthebowandarrow,whichisstillusedthroughouttheworldtoday,15,000years

1

itwasfirstinvented.Ofcourse,thesedays,thebowandarrow

2

(use)mainlyinsportingevents,butinsomeplacesitisstillameansofkillinganimalsforfood.InwesternAsia,anotherextremelyimportantinventionwasborn—theabilitytoproducepots.Aslongas6500yearsago,peoplewereproducingpottery,mostlyplainandwithoutdesigns,butthetechniquehaschangedlittlesince.Somepeoplesaythatt