Morpheme詞素公開課獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

MorphemeDefinitionThesmallestunitoflanguageintermsofrelationshipbetweenexpressionandcontent,aunitthatcannotbefurtherdividedintosmallerunitswithoutdestroyingordrasticallyalteringthemeaning,whetheritislexicalorgrammatical.FreeBoundFreerootderivationalinflectionalBoundrootaffixesMORPHEMESprefixsuffix詞綴黏著詞根自由詞根詞素派生詞綴屈折詞綴自由詞素黏著詞素Freemorphemes（自由詞素）Freemorphemesarethosethatmayoccuralone,thatis,thosewhichmaymakeupwordsbythemselves.E.g.beddogdancenationSuchwordsarecalledmono-morphemicwords（單語素詞）.Allmono-morphemicwordsarefreemorphemes.

poly-morphemicwords（多語素詞）：Wordsconsist

wholly

offreemorphemes.E.g.

distempered

Ithasthreemorphemes,namely,dis-,temper,and–ed,ofwhichtemperisafreemorpheme,dis-and–edaretwoboundmorphemes.Incontrast,-sincups,-alinnational,dis-indisopen,cannotalone.Thesemustappearwithatleastonedifferentmorpheme,andcalled

boundmorphemes（黏著詞素）.The

root（詞根）istheprimarylexicalunitofaword,andcarriesthemostsignificantaspectsofsemanticcontentandcannotbereducedintosmallerconstituentsache痛earache耳痛

Arootmayalsobefreeorbound.First,freeroot（自由詞根）morphemesarethosethatcanstandbythemselvesandarethebaseformsofwords,suchasbookishSecond,therearerelativelyafewboundroot（黏著詞根）morphemesinEnglish.Suchas:pseudo-Anaffix（詞綴）isthecollectivetermforthetypeofmorphemethatcanbeusedonlywhenaddedtoanothermorpheme(therootorstem),soaffixisnaturallybound.Affixesinalanguagearelimitedinnumber,andaregenerallyclassifiedintothreesubtypes,namely,prefix（前綴）,suffix（后綴）andinfix（中綴）,dependingontheirpositionaroundtherootorstemofaword.Inflectionalaffix（屈折詞綴）:AffixthatattachedtotheendofwordstoindicategrammaticalrelationshipsareinflectionalaffixInflectionalaffixesaremostlysuffixesE.g:cups

askedfaster

Derivationalaffix（派生詞綴）areaffixeswhichareaddedtooth