新高考英語二輪復(fù)習講練測專題13：閱讀理解微技能之詞義猜測（原題版）

?專題13閱讀理解微技能之詞義猜測題考點精考點精講【思維導圖】【詞義猜測題微技能】1．單詞或短語意義猜測詞匯量小是制約學生閱讀理解能力的一個重要因素。具體技巧如下：(1)根據(jù)定義或上下文解釋進行猜測。有時短文中出現(xiàn)一個需要猜測其意義的詞或短語，下面接著出現(xiàn)其定義或解釋，這就是判斷該詞或短語意義的主要依據(jù)。(2)根據(jù)同位關(guān)系進行猜測。閱讀中出現(xiàn)的難詞有時后面緊跟一個同位語，對前面的詞進行解釋，這時可利用同位關(guān)系對前面或后面的詞義或短語意義進行猜測。(3)根據(jù)同義關(guān)系進行猜測。當詞或短語之間有并列連詞and或or時，其連接的兩項內(nèi)容在含義上是接近的或遞進的或相反的，由此確定同等關(guān)系中的某個生詞所屬的義域，進而可推知其大致意思。(4)根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法(合成、派生、轉(zhuǎn)化等)進行猜測。在英語中，有很多詞可以在前面加前綴或在后面加后綴，從而構(gòu)成另外一個詞，乍看起來，這個詞可能是新詞，但掌握一定的構(gòu)詞知識，就不難猜出它的詞義了。(5)根據(jù)因果關(guān)系進行猜測。在一篇文章中，根據(jù)原因可以預(yù)測結(jié)果；同樣，根據(jù)結(jié)果也可以找出原因。(6)根據(jù)上下文的指代關(guān)系進行猜測。文章中的代詞it，that，this，he，him或them等可以指上文提到的人或物，其中it和that還可以指一件事。有時代詞指代的對象相隔較遠，要認真查找；有時還需要對前面提到的內(nèi)容進行總結(jié)，才能得出代詞所指代的事?！镜淅饰?】Ratherunsurprisingly,amassive77percentofthepeoplesurveyedadmittedtobeingobsessedwithregularlytakingselfies.Whatwasmoreinteresting,though,wasthefactthatanastonishing82percentofpeoplesaidthattheywouldratherseeotherselfiesonsocialmedia.Diefenbachcallsthisthe“selfiesparadox”:theideathatweliketakingselfiesbutseriouslydislikelookingatotherpeople’sselfiesonline.41.Whatdoestheword“paradox”(paragraph5)mean?A.complicatedstatements B.contradictorystatementsC.constructivestatements D.complimentarystatements【典例剖析2】Takethemysteryofmigrationforexample.Scientistscan’treallyexplainwhymanyspeciesofbirdsmigrateintheautumneventhoughthetemperatureisstillsummery.Thebirdsjustseemtosnubthecomfortableweatherthattheyarehaving.Whenacertaintimecomes,theytravelsouthbythethousand.Inspringtime,theymigratenorthwardswhenthoughthereprobablyissnowstillcoveringthegroundwhentheyfinallyarrive.Somethingsaid“go”,andtheydid.37.Theunderlinedword“snub”inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans________.A.fightB.ignoreC.symbolize D.criticize【典例剖析3】NervoussuspectslockedupinBritain'snewestpolicestationmayfeelrelievedbyapleasantyellowcolouronthedoor.Iftheyareclosetoconfessingacrime,theblueonthewallmighttipthebalance.56.Theexpression“tipthebalance”inparagraph1probablyindicatesthatthebluemight_________.A.letsuspectskeeptheirbalance.B.makesuspectscoldandunfriendlyinlawcourt.C.helpsuspectstoconfesstheircrimes.D.enablesuspectstochangetheirattitudestocolours.【典例剖析4】Iguessthatthere’sprobablysomedemandingworkschedule,orsocialanxietyaroundsteppinguptohelpforanunknownsport.Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.SoItryagainandtugattheheartstrings.ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsaren’tevenon…Atthispointtheunwillingparentspeaksup,“Alright.Yes,I’lldoit.”57.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tugattheheartstrings”inparagraph2mean?A.Encourageteamwork. B.Appealtofeelings.C.Promotegooddeeds. D.Provideadvice.2．句意猜測題句意猜測題要求考生通過閱讀文章理解句意，然后用合適的語句對其進行解釋性的描述。具體技巧如下：(1)返回原文，找到該句，對原句進行語法和邏輯關(guān)系的準確分析。對于需要推理的句子，首先要理解此句前后的語境，其次對其在文章中的意思進行合理的推斷，最后再歸納總結(jié)。(2)一般說來，正確選項的意思與原句的意思完全相同，但是用其他的英語詞匯或句式來表達的?！镜淅饰?】Breathtakingsceneryandfamoussightseverywhere.FromthelegendaryIslandofCapritothehauntingruinsofPompeii,andfromtheunforgettable“AmalfiDrive”tothedelightfulresortsofPositano,SorrentoandRavello,theareaisafeastfortheeyes!Shouldyouchoosetojoinus,weknowthatyouwillnotbedisappointed!62.Theunderlinedpart“theareaisafeastfortheeyes”inthepassagemeans__________.

A.theareaispleasingtotheeye

B.theareaisreallyunforgettableC.theareacatchesthetourists’eye

D.theareaiscrowdedwithtourists【典例剖析2】Londonresolvedtoliveafull，excitinglife．Heoncesaid，"Iwouldratherbeasuperbmeteor（流星），everyatomofmeinmagnificentglow，thanasleepyandpermanentplanet．"Eachday，hepushedhimself．OnceLondondeterminedthathewasgoingtobeawriter，nothingcouldstophim．Hisgoalwastowriteatleastonethousandwordseveryday．Herefusedtostopevenwhenhewassick．Ineighteenyears，thewriterpublishedfifty﹣onebooksandhundredsofarticles．Hewasthebest﹣sellingandhighest﹣paidauthorofhisday．Manypeoplealsoconsideredhimtobethebestwriter．WhiteFangandTheCalloftheWildarehismostfamousstoriesandareaboutsurvivingintheAlaskanwilderness．ReaderscanenjoyJackLondon'senergyandhistalentfortellingwonderfulstorieseachtimetheyopenoneofhisnovels．TheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphindicatesthatJackLondon．A．isexpertatuniverse．B．a(chǎn)imshighandstrivetosucceed．C．isexcitedaboutlifeifthewildness．D．faceachoicebetweenlifeanddeath．_____真題演練真題演練[方法1]根據(jù)上下文語境進行猜測猜測任何詞義都離不開上下文，所以可借助上下文對需要猜測的詞、短語或句子進行合乎邏輯的推測?！镜淅?】SalvadorDali(1904～1989)wasoneofthemostpopularofmodernartists.ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingitsrespectandadmirationfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonalitywithanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings,sculptures,drawingsandmore.Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces,mostimportantlyThePersistenceofMemory.ThereisalsoL'EnigmesansFinfrom1938,worksonpaper,objects,andprojectsforstageandscreenandselectedpartsfromtelevisionprogrammesreflectingtheartist'sshowmanqualities.ThevisitorwillentertheWorldofDalithroughaneggandismetwiththebeginning,theworldofbirth.Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthroughthebrain.TheexhibitionshowshowDalidrawstheviewerbetweentwoinfinities(無限),“Fromtheinfinitysmalltotheinfinitylarge，contractionandexpansioncominginandoutoffocus:amazingFlemishaccuracyandtheshowyBaroqueofoldpaintingthatheusedinhismuseum－theatreinFigueras,”explainsthePompidouCentre.Thefineselectionofthemajorworkswasdoneinclosecollaboration(合作)withtheMuseoNacionalReinaSofiainMadrid，Spain，andwithcontributionsfromotherinstitutionsliketheSalvadorDaliMuseuminSt.Petersburg,Florida.Whatdoestheword“contributions”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Artworks. B．Projects.C．Donations. D．Documents.[方法2]根據(jù)上下文的指代關(guān)系進行猜測英語文章中的代詞one，it，that，them等可以指上文提到的人或事物。有時代詞與指代的對象相隔較遠，要認真查找；有時需要對前面提到的內(nèi)容進行總結(jié)，才能得出代詞所指代的事物?！镜淅?】YoumaynothaveheardofAshoka，butforthepast27years，thisassociation，foundedbyBillDrayton，hasfoughtpovertyandsickness，promotededucationandencouragedsmallbusinesses.Tosupporttheseworthycauses，Ashokaprovidesmoneyfortheworld'smostpromising“changemakers”seekingtosolveurgentproblemsandwouldliketocreateaworldinwhicheverycitizenisachangemaker.Draytonbelievesthatanyonecanbecomeanagentforchange.Theimportantthingistosimplygiveyourselfpermission.Ifyouseeaproblemthatyoucareabout，youcanhelpsolveit.Theyounginparticulararewillingtoacceptthisconceptbecauseathearteverychildwantstogrowintoahappy，healthy，contributingadult.Infact，itismanyyoungpeople'sambitiontosetupprogrammesorbusinessesthatimprovesocialconditions.AnexcellentexampleisanAshokaprojectstartedin1995inDhaka，whichhandledtherubbishproblemfacingthecity，helpedlocalfarmersandprovidedanincomeforpoorpeoplethere.WhenMasqsoodandIftekharbegantostudytheproblemofalltheuncollectedrubbishthatlayinDhaka'sstreets，attractingratsanddisease，theydiscoveredthat80%ofitwasnaturalwaste.Sotheyeducatedthepoorpeopleinthecitytocompost(把……制成堆肥)thiswaste.Theyknewthattheywouldhaveamarketfortheendproductbecauselocalfarmerswerestrugglingwithchemicalfertilisers(化肥)whichwereexpensiveandhadreducedthenaturalmineralsinthesoilovertheyears.Atfirst，theywererefused，butoncetheywereabletopersuadethemthattherewasmoneytobemade，theprojecttookoff.In2009saleswere$14,000.DraytonisoptimisticthatintenyearsAshokawillbemakingreallyserious，practicalprogressinbringingaboutsocialchangebychangingthewaywelookateconomicdevelopment.Theunderlinedword“them”inParagraph3probablyrefersto“________”．A．thelocalfarmersB．MasqsoodandIftekharC．DraytonandhisteamD．thepoorpeopleinthecity[方法3]根據(jù)同義或類比關(guān)系進行猜測當詞語被并列連詞and，oraswellas所連接或詞語之間有justas，like，similarly等時，前后的兩項內(nèi)容在含義上是接近的或相近的，由此可確定同等關(guān)系中的某個生詞或短語所表達的意義。【典例3】[1]．..[2]．..[3]Somethingelse，however，hasbeenontherise.WhileGMseedsareexpensive，GMcompaniestellfarmersthattheywillmakegoodprofitsbysavingmoneyonpesticides(殺蟲劑)．Onthecontrary，USgovernmentdatashowthatGMcropsintheUShaveproducedanoverallincreaseinpesticideusecomparedtotraditionalcrops.“Thepromisewasthatyoucoulduselesschemicalsandboostproduction.Butneitheristrue,”saidBillChristison,PresidentoftheUSNationalFamilyFarmCoalition....[方法4]根據(jù)定義或解釋進行猜測有時短文中出現(xiàn)一個需要猜測其意義的詞或短語，下面接著出現(xiàn)其定義或解釋，這就是判斷該詞或短語意義的主要依據(jù)。此類由定義或解釋來猜測詞義的方法很多：①表示定義關(guān)系的常見信息詞有be，mean，represent，becalled/named，beconsidered，bedefinedas(被定義為)，beknownas，referto等；②表示同位關(guān)系的常見信息詞有thatis，thatistosay，inotherwords，namely，orrather(精確地說)等；③有些生詞會以破折號、括號、逗號、冒號等暗示讀者，解釋說明前面的詞?！镜淅?】[1]．..[2]Doyouknowwhata“territory”is?Aterritoryisanareathatananimal，usuallythemale，claimsasitsown.Onlyheandhisfamilyarewelcomethere.Nootherfamiliesofthesamespeciesarewelcome.Youryardandhouseareyourterritorywhereonlyyourfamilyandfriendsarewelcome.Ifastrangershouldenteryourterritoryandthreatenyou，youmightshout.Probablythiswouldbeenoughtofrightenhimaway....Whatisabird's“territory”？A．Aplacewherefamiliesofotherspeciesarenotaccepted.B．Aplacewhereabirdmayshoutatthetopofitsvoice.C．Anareaforwhichbirdsfightagainsteachother.D．Anareawhichabirdconsiderstobeitsown.[方法5]根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系進行猜測在一個句子或段落中，有時會出現(xiàn)對兩種事物或現(xiàn)象進行對比的描述，考生可以利用這種關(guān)系猜詞悟義。表示對比關(guān)系的詞語主要有however，but，instead，despite，unlike，yet，while，whereas(反之，而，卻)，ratherthan，insteadof，inspiteof，onthecontrary，ontheotherhand，incontrast等?！镜淅?】Therewasagardenerwholookedafterhisgardenwithgreatcare.Towaterhisflowers，heusedtwobuckets.Onewasashinyandnewbucket.Theotherwasaveryoldanddilapidatedone，whichhadseenmanyyearsofservice，butwasnowpastitsbest.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dilapidated”probablymean?A．Dirty. B．Dark.C．Worn－out. D．Plain－looking.[方法6]根據(jù)舉例進行猜測在一些閱讀材料中，為了闡明某一種重要觀點或者講清楚某一抽象概念，作者往往采取舉例的方式對這一觀點或概念進行具體的說明和解釋，從而使讀者理解得更具體些，而這些例子恰好為猜測詞義提供了重要線索。表示列舉關(guān)系的信息詞有l(wèi)ike，forexample，forinstance，suchas，include等。【典例6】...Inhisbook，hehadchallengedreaderstomakedeepcutsinpersonalemissionstokeeptheworldfromreachingextremelyimportanttippingpoints，suchasthemeltingoftheicesheetsinGreenlandorWestAntarctica...Theunderlinedwords“tippingpoints”mostprobablyreferto“________”．A．freezingpoints B．burningpointsC．meltingpoints D．boilingpoints[方法7]根據(jù)因果關(guān)系進行猜測在有些文章或段落中，兩種現(xiàn)象或兩個事物之間可能會構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，可以利用這種關(guān)系來猜測詞義?！镜淅?】[1]．..[2]Ofcourse，thegoodofoxenisnotlimitedtoplowing.Infact，theyareseenas“boatsonland”fortheirabilitytocarryloads.Besides，thewholebodyofanoxisfulloftreasures.Theirmeatandmilkarefoodfullofnutrition，andtheirskincanbeusedtomakeclothesandshoes.Withallthesequalities，oxenareregardedasgenerouscreatures....Thewords“boatsonland”underlinedinParagraph2referto________.A．a(chǎn)nimalsfortakinggoodsB．creaturesforpullingplowsC．treasuresofthefolkcultureD．toolsinthefarmingeconomy[方法8]根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法進行猜測閱讀中常常會遇到一些由熟悉的單詞派生或合成的新詞。掌握構(gòu)詞法對猜測詞義很有幫助。如：unforeseeable.這個詞，可以根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法把它拆成un,fore,see,able；其中see是詞根，fore是“先，前，預(yù)”的含義，un是否定，able是“能……的，可……的”，因此unforeseeable是“未能預(yù)見到的”意思。1．根據(jù)前綴猜測詞義例如：Doyouhaveanystrongopiniononco-educationalorsingle-sexschools?根據(jù)詞根educational（教育的），結(jié)合前綴co-（共同，一起），我們便可以猜出co-educational的意思是：＂男女同校教育的＂意思。2．根據(jù)后綴猜測詞義例如：It'saquiet,comfortablehoteloverlooking(俯瞰)thebayinanuncommercializedCornishfishingvillageonEngland'smostsoutherlypoint．后綴-ise/ize意思是＂使成為…；使…化＂，結(jié)合詞根commercial（商業(yè)的），不難猜出uncommercialized的意思是：＂未被商業(yè)化的＂。3．根據(jù)復(fù)合詞的各部分猜測詞義例如：Goodtooldesignisimportantinthepreventionofoveruseinjuries.Well-designedtoolsandequipmentwillrequirelessforcetooperatethemandpreventawkward（別扭的）handpositions.Well-designed或許是個生詞，但我們分析該詞的結(jié)構(gòu)后，就能推測出其含義。它由well（好，優(yōu)秀）和design（設(shè)計）兩部分組成，合在一起便是＂設(shè)計精巧的＂意思。Weliveinatechnologicalsocietywheremostgoodsaremass-producedbyunskilledlabor.Becauseofthis,mostpeoplethatcraft(手藝)nolongerexists.根據(jù)合成詞中的mass（大量的）和produce（生產(chǎn)），我們可以推測mass-produce的意思是：＂大批量生產(chǎn)；規(guī)模生產(chǎn)＂的意思?！纠俊瑽akerconcludesthatpeopledonothavetheabilitytosensewhenthey’rebeingstaredat.Ifpeopledoubttheoutcomeofhistwoexperiments,saidBaker,“Isuggesttheyrepeattheexperimentsandseeforthemselves.”…70.Theunderlinedword“outcome”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans________________.A.value B.resultC.performance D.connection詞匯拓展1.合成法man-made handwriting copyright greenhouse all-round typewriterbreakthrough high-classblacklist one-way English-speaking2.派生法A.否定前綴un-（不）unimportant in-/im-/ir-/il-（不）impossibledis-（不）dislike mis-（不）misunderstandB.其他前綴re-（再）rebuild inter-（互）interchangepre-（前）preschool anti-（反）antifreezenon-（否）nonprofitC.名詞后綴-er（人）teacher -er（物）cooker-ician（人）physicianD.形容詞后綴-able（能）eatable -less（否）homelessE.動詞后綴-en（使）widen -fy（使）satisfy-ize（使）modernize英語單詞大多是由詞根、詞頭(前綴)和詞尾(后綴)所組成的。詞根是單詞最基本的部分，表達單詞的基本含義。在詞根前或后加上前綴或后綴，可以用來引申或轉(zhuǎn)變原詞的意義或改變詞性。掌握前綴、后綴規(guī)律有助于理解詞義。如un－，im－，in－，dis－，il－等前綴與－less等后綴可構(gòu)成反義詞，后綴－ful，－ly，－ism，－ness等可改變詞性。_____好題必好題必測2022年6月新高考I卷C篇WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkontheproject,said:“Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.”30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“embarkon”meaninparagraph7?A.Improve. B.Oppose. C.Begin. D.2022年6月新高考II卷B篇ThishithomeformeasIwassittingwithmy2-year-oldgrandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.Ihadbroughtachildren’sbooktoread.Ithadsimplewordsandcolorfulpictures—aperfectmatchforhisage.4.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“hithomeforme”meaninparagraph2?A.Providedshelterforme. B.Becameverycleartome.C.Tookthepressureoffme. D.Workedquitewellonme.2022年1月浙江卷A篇Fornearlyadecadenow,Merebethhasbeenaself-employedpettransportspecialist.Herpettransportjobwasbornofthefinancialcrisis（危機）inthelate2000s．Thedownturnhittherealestate（房地產(chǎn)）firmwhereshehadworkedfortenyearsasanofficemanager.Thefirmwentbrokeandleftherlookingforanewjob.Oneday,whiledrivingnearherhome,shesawadogwanderingontheroad,clearlylost.Shetookithome,andhersisterinDenveragreedtotakeit.Thiswasalovinghomeforsure,but1,600milesaway.Itdidn’ttakelongforMerebethtodecidetodrivethedogthereherself.Itwasherfirstroadtriptohernewjob.Merebeth'spetdeliveryservicesatisfiesher

wanderlust.IthastakenhertoeverystateintheUSexceptMontana,WashingtonandOregon,shesaysproudly.Ifshewantstovisitanewplace,shewillsimplyfindapetwithtransportneedsthere.Shetravelsinallweathers.Shehasdriventhrough55mphwindsinWyoming,heavyfloodingandstormsinAlabamaandtotalwhiteoutconditionsinKansas.Thiswanderlustisinheritedfromherfather,shesays.HemovedtheirfamilyfromCanadatoCaliforniawhenshewasoneyearold,becausehewantedthemtoexploreanewplacetogether.AssoonasshegraduatedfromhighschoolshelefthometoliveonCatalinaIslandofftheCaliforniancoast,awayfromherparents,wheresheenjoyedalifeofsailingandoff-roadbiking.Itturnsoutthatpettransportingpaysquitewellatabout$30,000peryearbeforetax.Shedoesn'tworkinsummer,asitwouldbeunpleasantlyhotfortheanimalsinthecar,evenwithairconditioning.Asautumncomes,shegetsrestlessthesameoldwanderlustreturning.It'sacallshemusthandle

alone,though.Merebethsays,"WhenI'montheroad,I'mjustinmyownworld.I'vealwaysbeenindependent-spiritedandIjustfeelstronglythatImust

helpanimals."Theword“wanderlust"inparagraph2meansadesireto_?A.makemoney.

B.tryvariousjobs.C.beclosetonature.

D.traveltodifferentplaces.2021年6月北京卷Thecallforpublicengagementwiththeunthinkableisespecially

germane

inthismomentofstill-uncontrolledpandemicandeconomiccrisesintheworld'smosttechnologicallyadvancednations.Notverylongago,itwasalsounthinkablethataviruswouldshutdownnationsandthatsafetynetswouldbeprovensodisastrouslylackinginflexibility.Theinternationalscholars'warningletterdoesn'tsayexactlywhatcollapsewilllooklikeorwhenitmighthappen.Collapseology,thestudyofcollapse,ismoreconcernedwithidentifyingtrendsandwiththemthedangersofeverydaycivilization.Amongthesignatories（簽署者）ofthewarningwasBobJohnson,theoriginatorofthe"ecologicalfootprint"concept,whichmeasuresthetotalamountofenvironmentalinputneededtomaintainagivenlifestyle.Withthecurrentfootprintofhumanity,"itseemsthatglobalcollapseiscertaintohappeninsomeform,possiblywithinadecade,certainlywithinthiscentury,"Johnsonsaidinanemail.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"germane"inParagraph3probablymean?A.Scientific.B.Credible.C.Original.D.Relevant.2021年6月新高考2卷B篇IhaveworkedasakeeperattheNationalZoo,Parisfor11years.SpotandStripearethefirsttigercubsthathaveeverbeenbornhere.Globally,athirdofSumatrancubsinzoosdon'tmakeittoadulthood,soIdecidedtogivethemround-the-clockcareathome.I'vegottwochildren—theyoungerone,Kynan,wasextremelyhappyaboutthetigersarriving-butallofusreallylookedforwardtobeingpartoftheirlivesandwatchingthemgrow.Iwasn'tworriedaboutbringingthemintomyhomewithmywifeandkids.Thesewerecubs.Theyweighedabout2.5kgandweresosmallthattherewasabsolutelynorisk.Astheygrewmoremobile,weletthemmovefreelyaroundthehouseduringtheday,butwhenwewereasleepwehadtocontaintheminalargeroom,otherwisethey'dgetuptomischief.We'dcomedowninthemorningtofindthey'dturnedtheroomupsidedown,andleftitlookinglikeazoo.Thingsquicklygotveryintenseduetothehugeamountofenergyrequiredtolookafterthem.ThereweresometoughtimesandIjustfeltextremelytired.Iwasgratefulthatmyfamilywastheretohelp.Wehadtohaveabitofaproductionlinegoing,makingup“tigermilk”,washingbabybottles,andcleaningthefloors.WhenSpotandStripewerefourmonthsold,theywerelearninghowtoopendoorsandjumpfences,andweknewitreallywastimeforthemtogo.Itwashardforustofinallypartwiththem.Forthefirstfewdays,Kynanwasalwaysabitdisappointedthatthecubsweren'tthere.I'mnotsadaboutit.I'mhands-onwiththemeverydayatthezoo,andIdolookbackveryfondlyonthetimethatwehadthem.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“getuptomischief”meaninparagraph3?A.Behavebadly. B.Losetheirway. C.Sleepsoundly. D.Misstheirmom._____題型組合練題型組合練1.【Z20名校聯(lián)盟（浙江省名校新高考研宄聯(lián)盟）2022-2023學年髙三第一次聯(lián)考】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出填入空白處最佳項。選項中有兩處為多余選項。TheChinaStateCouncilissuedadocumentinearlyAugust,suggestingemployersacrossthecountrymakeflexibleworkingarrangementsandgivetheirworkersFridayafternoonsoffduringhotsummerdaysinordertoboosttourismandconsumption.OnlinesurveyshaveshownthatmostcorrespondentsareinfavoroftheStateCouncil’sproposalforlongerweekends,astwoandahalfdaysareenoughevenforonetoplanashortjourney.Peoplewillhavemoretimetobetogetherwiththeirfamilies.____36____However,therearedoubtsastowhetherthiswell-intentionedinitiativecanbeputintopractice.____37____Whiletheregulartwo-dayweekendisstilladreamforalargenumberofworkingpeopleinvariousindustries,atwo-and-half-dayweekendisreallyaluxurymanypeoplecanbarelyafford.____38____IfstaffworkersofgovernmentdepartmentsandpublicinstitutionsnolongerworkonFridayafternoons,localresidentswillhavenowheretogoiftheyhaveurgentissuestosolvethroughtheseestablishments.Obviously,theonlywayoutistoimplementpoliciesconcerningpaidannualleaveinarealisticmannersothattheworkingpeoplecanmakearrangementsfortheirdaysoffwork.Asaresult,holidaymakersdon’tneedtoallrushtothesamescenicspotsduringthesameperiodoftime,whichwouldbebeneficialtotheprotectionandoperationofthesespots.____39____Thusitservestheinitialpurposeofboostingeconomicgrowththroughdevelopingtourism.____40____Thegovernmentissupposedtopaymoreattentiontotheprotectionoflaborrightsandemployallpossiblemeanstoensuretheirholidaysaswellasthefunctionsofgovernmentinstitutions,insteadofjustmakingeconomicallymotivatedpolicies.A.Also,thisisaneffectivewaytoincreaseconsumerspending.B.Therightofworkerstorestandpaidannualleaveareprotectedunderthelaw.C.Alargernumberofworkers,ifnotall,willbenefitfromofficialholidayarrangements.D.Mostpeoplethinkthattheywillactuallynotbeabletoenjoythebenefitsofsuchascheme.E.Afterrestandrelaxation,employeeswillbecomemoreenergeticwhentheycomebacktowork.F.Anotherworryisthatthismeasurewillfinallybeexclusively(專有地)enjoyedbyalimitednumberofemployees.G.Aslongaspaidannualleaveremainsunrealisticinmostindustrialsectors,thetwo-and-half-dayweekendseemspointless.2.【2023屆安徽省江淮十所名校高三第一次聯(lián)考】Acontactlens(隱形眼鏡)thatcanreleaseadrugifitdetectshighpressurewithintheeyehasbeencreatedbyscientistswhosayitcouldhelptreatglaucoma.Glaucomaisaneyediseasethatinvolvesdamagetotheopticnerve,andcanleadtoblindnessifnottreated.AccordingtothecharityGlaucomaUK,themostcommonformofthedisease,knownasprimaryopenangleglaucoma,isthoughttoaffectalmost10%ofpeopleolderthan75.Thisformisgenerallycausedbyincreasedpressurewithintheeye,usuallyasaresultofabuildupoffluid.ResearchersinChinarevealedtheyhavedevelopedacontactlensthatcansenseanincreaseinpressurewithintheeyeandreleaseananti-glaucomadrugifthepressuretranscendsacertainlevel.WritinginthejournalNatureCommunications,theteamdescribehowtheycreatedthedeviceusinganupperandlowerlens,withasnowflake-shapedpressuresensorandwirelesspowertransferdevicesandwichedbetweenthemaroundtherimofthelenses.Whenthepressureinsidetheeyeincreases,thegapbetweentheupperandlowerlensesdecreases.Thisisdetectedbythepressuresensorbymeansofacantilever.Thesensorthensendsasignaltothewirelesssystemwhichsubsequentlytriggersthereleaseofananti-glaucomadrug,fromahydrogelattachedtoanelectrode,andenablesittocrossthecorneaoftheeye.Thedrug,brimonidine,actstoreducethepressurewithintheeye.Thestudyrevealsthatthecontactlenseshavesofarbeentestedonpigs’eyesandontheeyesoflivingrabbits—albeitwithsmaller-sizedlenses—althoughtrialshaveyettobecarriedoutinhumans.Theresearchersnot