新高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)大題突破+限時(shí)集訓(xùn)專(zhuān)題10 閱讀回答問(wèn)題（解析版）

專(zhuān)題10閱讀回答問(wèn)題（北京天津用）閱讀表達(dá)題要求學(xué)生閱讀一篇300詞左右的短文，并按照題目要求用英語(yǔ)組織語(yǔ)言回答問(wèn)題要求考生能夠捕捉并理解文章中出現(xiàn)的具體信息，并結(jié)合文中的具體要求進(jìn)行回答。命題通常有細(xì)節(jié)表達(dá)題，詞義猜測(cè)題，推斷表達(dá)題，主旨表達(dá)題和開(kāi)放題。In2016,WandaDenchwastryingtolethergrandkidsknowaboutthefamily’supcomingplansfortheholidayandtriedtosendatextmessagetohergrandson.ButJamalHinton,whowasa17-year-oldhighschoolstudentandcompletestrangertoDenchatthetime,receivedthetextinstead.OncethetwoArizonanativesrealizedthemistake,Hintonaskedifhecould“stillgetaplate,”accordingtoscreenshotshepostedonTwitter.Denchreplied,“Ofcourse,youcan.That’swhatgrandmasdo...feedeveryone.”Hintonsharedthesweetconversationonsocialmediaandthestoryquicklywentviral(瘋傳).TheyhavecelebratedThanksgivingtogethereveryyearsince,alwayssnappingphotosandtakingvideos,muchtothedelightofmanyfollowingtheirstory.Thisyear,averyimportantpersonismissingfromtheannualtradition—Dench’shusband,Lonnie.Hediedfromthecoronavirusthisspring.Wandawasabletobewithhimduringhisfinalmoments.DenchandHintonthoughtabouttherisksofholdingaThanksgivingcelebrationamidthepandemic(疫情期間),weighingiftheycouldfigureoutawaytogettogetherthedaybeforegatheringwiththeirownindividualfamilies.But,theyeventuallyconcludedtheriskwastoohigh.InhonorofLonnie,thefriendsinsteadheldasmallgatheringonFriday.Dench,heractualgrandson,herdaughter,Hintonandhisgirlfriend,Mikaela,gottogetherforanearlyThanksgivingmeal.Theeventwasasharpcontrastfromthelargercelebrationsofyearspast.“Ididn’twanttomissThanksgivingwithJamal,”Denchsaid.“Thisyearisdefinitelydifferentthanalltheyearsinthepast.”TohonorLonnie,anemptyseatandlitcandlewereplacedattheheadofthetable.Thebelovedhusbandwouldalwayssaygracebeforetheholidaymeal,sothisyear,Denchledtheprayer.“Thankyouforalltheblessings,andthankyousomuchforhavingLonnieinmylife,”Denchsaidaseveryonesataroundthetable.“Imisshim,butIknowhe’sinagoodplace.Sotoeverybodyhere,IloveyouandhaveawonderfulThanksgiving.”1．WhatwastherelationshipbetweenDenchandHintonatthebeginningofthestory?(nomorethan3words)2．HowdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedpartinParagraph2?(nomorethan6words)3．Whywasthisyear’sgatheringasharpcontrastfromthelargercelebrationsofyearspast?(nomorethan15words)4．WhydidDenchleadtheprayerthisyear?(nomorethan10words)5．WhatdoyouthinkofDenchandHinton'sstory?Andgiveyourreasons.(nomorethan20words)【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講了丹齊將發(fā)給自己孫子的短信誤發(fā)給了一個(gè)叫欣頓的小伙，因?yàn)檫@一次“錯(cuò)誤”，欣頓收獲了幾位“家人”，并參與了他們的感恩節(jié)聚會(huì)。Theywerestrangers.Or:Strangers.

【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段“In2016,WandaDenchwastryingtolethergrandkidsknowaboutthefamily'supcomingplansfortheholidayandtriedtosendatextmessagetohergrandson.ButJamalHinton,whowasa17-year-oldhighschoolstudentandcompletestrangertoDenchatthetime,receivedthetextinstead.(2016年，萬(wàn)達(dá)·丹奇試圖讓她的孫子知道家庭即將到來(lái)的假期計(jì)劃，并試圖給她的孫子發(fā)短信。但當(dāng)時(shí)對(duì)丹奇完全陌生的17歲高中生賈馬爾·辛頓卻收到了這條短信)”可知萬(wàn)達(dá)·丹奇和賈馬爾·辛頓是兩個(gè)相互不認(rèn)識(shí)的陌生人。故答案為T(mén)heywerestrangers./Strangers.2．Stilljointheirfamily’sThanksgiving.Or:CelebrateThanksgivingtogetherwithherfamily.

【解析】考查詞句猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“Denchreplied,“Ofcourseyoucan.That’swhatgrandmasdo...feedeveryone.”(丹奇回答說(shuō)：“你當(dāng)然可以。這就是奶奶該做的……養(yǎng)活每個(gè)人?！?”及第六段的第二句“Dench,heractualgrandson,herdaughter,Hintonandhisgirlfriend,Mikaela,gottogetherforanearlyThanksgivingmeal.(丹奇，她的孫子，她的女兒，欣頓和他的女朋友，米凱拉，一起提前吃感恩節(jié)晚餐)”，再結(jié)合第一段丹齊錯(cuò)發(fā)短信給欣頓的細(xì)節(jié)可知?jiǎng)澗€(xiàn)詞所在的句子可以理解為欣頓詢(xún)問(wèn)：他是否依然可以參加丹奇家的感恩節(jié)晚宴。故劃線(xiàn)詞可以理解為Stilljointheirfamily’sThanksgiving.BecausetheriskofholdingaThanksgivingcelebrationamidthepandemicwastoohigh.

【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段“DenchandHintonthoughtabouttherisksofholdingaThanksgivingcelebrationamidthepandemic(疫情期間),weighingiftheycouldfigureoutawaytogettogetherthedaybeforegatheringwiththeirownindividualfamilies.But,theyeventuallyconcludedtheriskwastoohigh.(丹齊和辛頓想舉行感恩節(jié)慶典，在疫情期間，他們考慮是否能找到一個(gè)辦法在與各自家人聚會(huì)的前一天能夠聚在一起。但是，他們最終得出的結(jié)論是，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)太高了)”及第六段的首句“InhonorofLonnie,thefriendsinsteadheldasmallgatheringonFriday.(為了紀(jì)念朗尼，朋友們?cè)谥芪迮e行了一個(gè)小型聚會(huì))”及尾句“Theeventwasasharpcontrastfromthelargercelebrationsofyearspast.(此次活動(dòng)與以往的大型慶?；顒?dòng)形成了鮮明對(duì)比)”可知，此次感恩節(jié)活動(dòng)與以往活動(dòng)形成鮮明對(duì)比的原因是在疫情期間舉行活動(dòng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)太高了。故答案為BecausetheriskofholdingaThanksgivingcelebrationamidthepandemicwastoohigh.4．BecauseLonniewasdead.

【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段的第二句“Hediedfromthecoronavirusthisspring.(今年春天，他死于冠狀病毒)”及倒數(shù)第二段“TohonorLonnie,anemptyseatandlitcandlewereplacedattheheadofthetable.Thebelovedhusbandwouldalwayssaygracebeforetheholidaymeal,sothisyear,Denchledtheprayer.(為了向朗尼表示敬意，在桌子的上首放置了一個(gè)空位子和點(diǎn)燃的蠟燭。這位心愛(ài)的丈夫總是在節(jié)日飯前做祈禱，所以今年，丹奇主持祈禱)”可知，今年由丹齊主持祈禱是因?yàn)樗恼煞蚶誓崛ナ懒?。故答案為BecauseLonniewasdead.5．Open.(Ithinktheirstoryisfantastic.Becauseonewrongtextmessagebroughtstrangerstogetherandkeptthemtogetherforyears,whichisincredible.)【解析】開(kāi)放性試題。言之有理即可，注意詞數(shù)限制。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容及敘事情節(jié)（丹齊將發(fā)給自己孫子的短信誤發(fā)給了一個(gè)叫欣頓的小伙，因?yàn)檫@一次“錯(cuò)誤”，欣頓收獲了幾位“家人”，并參與了他們的感恩節(jié)聚會(huì)。）及第三段“Hintonsharedthesweetconversationonsocialmediaandthestoryquicklywentviral(瘋傳).TheyhavecelebratedThanksgivingtogethereveryyearsince,alwayssnappingphotosandtakingvideos,muchtothedelightofmanyfollowingtheirstory.(辛頓在社交媒體上分享了這段甜蜜的對(duì)話(huà)，這個(gè)故事迅速走紅。從那以后，他們每年都一起慶祝感恩節(jié)，總是拍照和拍視頻，讓很多關(guān)注他們故事的人很高興)”可推知，這個(gè)故事非常的不可思議，因?yàn)榘l(fā)送的錯(cuò)誤信息讓兩個(gè)毫不相干的人能夠認(rèn)識(shí)并多年保持聯(lián)系。故答案為Open.(Ithinktheirstoryisfantastic.Becauseonewrongtextmessagebroughtstrangerstogetherandkeptthemtogetherforyears,whichisincredible.)細(xì)節(jié)理解題：首先要仔細(xì)審題，然后根據(jù)題干中出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞快速、準(zhǔn)確地在文章中定位相應(yīng)的語(yǔ)句，結(jié)合該語(yǔ)句（或其上下句）的內(nèi)容，用正確的格式進(jìn)行回答，答案內(nèi)容往往是固定的、唯一的。主旨表達(dá)題：善于歸納文章、語(yǔ)段的主旨大意；善于查找文章中的主題段、主題句、關(guān)鍵詞和核心詞。解該類(lèi)題時(shí)，注意一要緊扣能夠體現(xiàn)文章或段落主旨的關(guān)鍵詞，二要計(jì)言簡(jiǎn)練。推斷表達(dá)題：①要吃透文章的字面意思，從字里行間捕捉有用的線(xiàn)索。②要對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行由表及里的挖掘加工，不能斷章取義，以偏概全。③要忠實(shí)于原文，以文章提供的事實(shí)和線(xiàn)索為依據(jù)，立足已知，推斷未知。④不能主觀(guān)臆想，也不能以自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)代替作者的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。⑤了解語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)，重視文章的主旨，體會(huì)文章基調(diào)，所寫(xiě)答案的內(nèi)容一定要立足于語(yǔ)篇內(nèi)容和主旨。⑥把握句子間和段落間的邏輯關(guān)系，把握邏輯發(fā)展的方向，悟出作者的弦外之音，揣摩出作者的態(tài)度。⑦回答要緊扣題目，語(yǔ)言既要完整，又要簡(jiǎn)潔，不要超過(guò)規(guī)定詞數(shù)。猜測(cè)表達(dá)題：結(jié)合文章主旨大意、整合上下文語(yǔ)境信息進(jìn)行猜測(cè)，還要利用同義或者反義關(guān)系、構(gòu)詞法及語(yǔ)篇文脈關(guān)系等理解猜測(cè)其含義，有些題目需要對(duì)較大的上下文范圍進(jìn)行理解，甚至通過(guò)理解整個(gè)語(yǔ)篇進(jìn)行猜測(cè)判斷。解題方法總結(jié)：1、首尾段結(jié)合出主旨，然后主旨在心去做題。2、在文章中找到能答題的句子，然后將句子改成符合答題要求的句、詞、或短語(yǔ)進(jìn)行做答，不要照抄文章原句。3、注意合理合法的去答題，合理指的是依據(jù)文章，答即所問(wèn)，合法指的是符合語(yǔ)法規(guī)范。4、猜詞的題，盡量在文章中找有無(wú)近義詞替換詞，如果沒(méi)有再依據(jù)主旨和上下文語(yǔ)境自己找詞答，注意保持完全一致性。即詞性、形式、單復(fù)數(shù)等。5、開(kāi)放題，兩個(gè)問(wèn)題用兩句答，依據(jù)主旨進(jìn)行做答，不要偏離主題。Almosteverycommunityintheworldhassomeformofrulesandsomewayofcarryingthemout.Acommunityisagroupofpeoplewhoareunitedbyanumberoffactors,includinggeography,language,andvalues.Sowhydowehaverules,andwhatmakespeoplefollowthem?Studieshavesuggestedthatthereasonwedon’tlikecheatingandrule-breakingisthatfairnessisprogrammedintoourbrains.Theyhavefoundthatthebrainreactsinaparticularwaywhenwefeelwearebeingtreatedunfairly.Thefindingsconcludedthatfairnessisabasichumanneedalongwithfoodandsocialcontact.Oursenseoffairnessdependsontheinfluencesinourculture,theimmediatesituationwearein,andourownself-interest.Arrivingatafeelingoffairnessmeansconsideringdifferent,oftenconflicting,pointsofview.Regardlessofthedisagreement,peoplealmostalwaysneedtocompromise.Butitcanbedifficulttoarriveatacompromise(妥協(xié))whenthereareconflictinginterests.Thisiswhycommunitieshaverulesthateveryonemustfollow.Socialcontrolsareanimportantfactorinsettingandfollowingrules.Theyinfluencethewaywebehaveandcanbeinternalorexternal.Internalcontrolscomefromwithinandarebasedonourvaluesandfears.Mostofusdon’tsteal,forexample,becausewebelievethattheftisunfairandwrong.Inotherwords,ourinternalcontrolskeepusfrombehavinginwaysthatcauseconflict.Externalcontrolsincluderewardsandpunishments.Theydonotcomefromwithinbutareimplementedbyanauthority—thiscouldbethegovernment,thepolice,ateacherorparents,dependingonthesituation.Rewards,suchasjobpromotions,awards,andpraise,aredesignedtoencouragepeopletobehaveandactintheinterestofthewholecommunity.Punishments,suchaspublicembarrassment,fines,andevenimprisonmentcanpreventpeoplefromactingagainstthecommunity’sbestinterests.Peopleneedtheircommunitiestofunctionsmoothly.Becauseofthis,humansmostoftenbehaveinorderly,fair,andpredictableways.Iftherewerenorules,themajorityofpeoplewouldprobablycontinuetointeractpositively.However,therewouldalwaysbeaminoritywhowouldnot,withseriousconsequences.Thisiswhyasocietywithoutrulesisunlikelytobecomearealityanytimesoon—atleastnotintherealworld.(390words)1．Whydowehaverulesandfollowthem?2．Howdosocialcontrolsinfluenceourbehavior?3．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenchangeitandexplainwhy.Ourinternalcontrolcomesfromrewardsandpunishmentsfromanauthoritylikeourschool.4．Ifyoucouldchangearuleatyourschool/home/community,whichonewouldyouliketochange?Why?(Inabout40words)【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述一項(xiàng)研究表明，人們生活的社區(qū)和社會(huì)都需要有規(guī)則來(lái)促進(jìn)公平，沒(méi)有規(guī)則，社會(huì)就無(wú)法運(yùn)行。Topromotefairness.

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Oursenseoffairnessdependsontheinfluencesinourculture,theimmediatesituationwearein,andourownself-interest.Arrivingatafeelingoffairnessmeansconsideringdifferent,oftenconflicting,pointsofview.Regardlessofthedisagreement,peoplealmostalwaysneedtocompromise.Butitcanbedifficulttoarriveatacompromise(妥協(xié))whenthereareconflictinginterests.Thisiswhycommunitieshaverulesthateveryonemustfollow.”(我們的公平感取決于我們文化的影響，我們當(dāng)前的處境，以及我們自身的利益。達(dá)到一種公平的感覺(jué)意味著考慮不同的，經(jīng)常是相互矛盾的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。不管有什么分歧，人們幾乎總是需要妥協(xié)。但當(dāng)利益沖突時(shí)，可能很難達(dá)成妥協(xié)。這就是為什么社區(qū)有每個(gè)人都必須遵守的規(guī)則。)可知，我們每個(gè)人之所以要遵守規(guī)則，原因在于要實(shí)現(xiàn)公平。故答案為T(mén)opromotefairness。2．Socialcontrolsinfluencethewaywebehaveandcanbeinternalorexternal.

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Socialcontrolsareanimportantfactorinsettingandfollowingrules.Theyinfluencethewaywebehaveandcanbeinternalorexternal.”(社會(huì)控制是制定和遵守規(guī)則的一個(gè)重要因素。它們影響我們的行為方式，可以是內(nèi)在的，也可以是外在的。)可知，社會(huì)控制從內(nèi)在和外在影響我們的行為方式。故答案為Socialcontrolsinfluencethewaywebehaveandcanbeinternalorexternal.3．Ourexternalcontrolscomesfromrewardsandpunishmentsfromanauthoritylikeourschool.Becauseexternalcontrolsincluderewardsandpunishments.Theydonotcomefromwithinbutareimplementedbyanauthority—thiscouldbethegovernment,thepolice,ateacherorparents,dependingonthesituation.

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Internalcontrolscomefromwithinandarebasedonourvaluesandfears.”(內(nèi)部控制來(lái)自?xún)?nèi)部，基于我們的價(jià)值觀(guān)和恐懼。)和第四段“Externalcontrolsincluderewardsandpunishments.Theydonotcomefromwithinbutareimplementedbyanauthority—thiscouldbethegovernment,thepolice,ateacherorparents,dependingonthesituation.”(外部控制包括獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)和懲罰。它們不是來(lái)自?xún)?nèi)部，而是由一個(gè)權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)執(zhí)行——這可能是政府、警察、教師或家長(zhǎng)，具體取決于具體情況。)可知，內(nèi)部控制來(lái)自?xún)?nèi)部，基于我們的價(jià)值觀(guān)和恐懼；而外部控制是來(lái)自像學(xué)校這樣的權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)執(zhí)行的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)和懲罰。所以，這句話(huà)“Ourinternalcontrolcomesfromrewardsandpunishmentsfromanauthoritylikeourschool.”(我們的內(nèi)部控制來(lái)自于像我們學(xué)校這樣的權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)和懲罰。)是錯(cuò)誤的，主語(yǔ)internalcontrol應(yīng)該改成externalcontrol。故答案為Ourexternalcontrolscomesfromrewardsandpunishmentsfromanauthoritylikeourschool.Becauseexternalcontrolsincluderewardsandpunishments.Theydonotcomefromwithinbutareimplementedbyanauthority—thiscouldbethegovernment,thepolice,ateacherorparents,dependingonthesituation.4．Inmyhome,allhouseworkisdonebymymom,whichIthinkshouldbechanged.Becauseitisunfairtodoallthehouseworkbymymom.Weshoulddoitwithhertoshowfairness,ourloveandshareofresponsibility.【解析】開(kāi)放性試題，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。題干問(wèn)的是：如果您可以更改學(xué)校/家庭/社區(qū)的規(guī)則，您希望更改哪一條？為什么？可以自選一條更改，注意字?jǐn)?shù)。參考答案為Inmyhome,allhouseworkisdonebymymom,whichIthinkshouldbechanged.Becauseitisunfairtodoallthehouseworkbymymom.Weshoulddoitwithhertoshowfairness,ourloveandshareofresponsibility.一、（2023·天津河?xùn)|·統(tǒng)考一模）WhenIwaseightornineyearsold,Iwrotemyfirstpoem.Mymotherreadthelittlepoemandbegantocry.“Buddy,youdidn’treallywritethisbeautiful,beautifulpoem!”Shyly,proud-bursting,IstammeredthatIhad.Shepouredoutherpraise.Why,thispoemwasnothingshortofgenius!Iglowed.Ispentthebestpartofthatafternoonpreparingforthearrivalofmyfather.Buthedidnotreturnuntilanhourlatefordinner.“Ben,abeautifulthinghashappened,”mymotherbegan.“Buddyhaswrittenhisfirstpoem!Andit’sbeautiful,absolutelyamazing.”“Ifyoudon’tmind,I’dliketodecidethatformyself,”Fathersaid.Thatpoemwasonlytenlines.Butitseemedtotakehours.Icouldhearmyfatherbreathing.“Ithinkit’slousy,”myfathersaid.“Ben,thesearethefirstlinesofpoetryhe’severwritten,”mymotherwassaying.“Heneedsencouragement.”Theyquarreledoverit.Icouldn’tstanditanothersecond.Iranfromthedinningroombawling.UpinmyroomIthrewmyselfonthebedandsobbed.AfewyearslaterItookasecondlookatthatfirstpoem;itwasaprettylousypoem.Butitwasn’tuntilyearslaterthatthetruemeaningofthatpainful“firstpoem”experiencedawnedonme.AsIbecameaprofessionalwriter,itbecameclearerandclearertomehowfortunateIhadbeen.Ihadamotherwhosaid,“Buddy,didyoureallywritethis?Ithinkit’swonderful!”andafatherwhoshookhisheadnoanddrovemetotearswith“Ithinkit’slousy.”Awriter—infacteveryoneofusinlife—needsthatloving-motherforcefromwhichallcreationflows;andyetaloneitisincomplete,evenmisleading,finallydestructive,withoutthefatherforcetocaution,“Watch.Listen.Review.Improve.”1．HowdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedpartinParagraph2?(nomorethan8words)_________________________________________________________________2．Whydidthewriter’sparentsquarrelatdinner?(nomorethan10words)_________________________________________________________________3．Whatdidthewriterthinkofhisfirstpoemwhenhegrewolder?(nomorethan8words)_________________________________________________________________4．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?(nomorethan15words)_________________________________________________________________5．Whatkindofparentsdoyouneedinlife?(nomorethan20words)_________________________________________________________________

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹的是作者父母對(duì)作者在七八歲時(shí)寫(xiě)的第一首詩(shī)歌的不同評(píng)價(jià)讓作者認(rèn)識(shí)到一個(gè)作家的成長(zhǎng)既需要母親的鼓勵(lì)，也需要父親的鞭策。Thispoemwaswell-done./Thispoemwasthesameworkofgenius./Thispoemwasalmostwonderful/excellent.

【解析】考查詞句猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第一段中的“Mymotherreadthelittlepoemandbegantocry.‘Buddy,youdidn’treallywritethisbeautiful,beautifulpoem!’(母親讀了這首小詩(shī)，哭了起來(lái)?！盎镉?jì)，你不會(huì)真的寫(xiě)了這首非常非常漂亮的詩(shī)吧!”)”可知，母親表?yè)P(yáng)作者的詩(shī)歌寫(xiě)的很好，第二段中的“Shyly,proud-bursting,IstammeredthatIhad.Shepouredoutherpraise.(我羞澀地，驕傲地，結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地說(shuō)是我。她傾吐她的贊美之詞。)”可知，作者聽(tīng)到母親對(duì)詩(shī)歌的贊美之詞感到非常的高興，由此可推斷，劃線(xiàn)句子的意思是對(duì)作者詩(shī)歌的贊美。故答案為T(mén)hispoemwaswell-done./Thispoemwasthesameworkofgenius./Thispoemwasalmostwonderful/excellent.。Becausetheyhaddifferentattitudetowardsthepoem./Becausetheyhaddifferentopinionsaboutthepoem.

【解析】考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“Thatpoemwasonlytenlines.Butitseemedtotakehours.Icouldhearmyfatherbreathing.‘Ithinkit’slousy,’myfathersaid.(那首詩(shī)只有十行。但這似乎要花好幾個(gè)小時(shí)。我能聽(tīng)到父親的呼吸聲?！拔矣X(jué)得很糟糕，”父親說(shuō)。)”可知，父親對(duì)作者寫(xiě)的詩(shī)歌并不滿(mǎn)意，結(jié)合第三段中的“‘Ben,abeautifulthinghashappened,’mymotherbegan.‘Buddyhaswrittenhisfirstpoem!Andit’sbeautiful,absolutelyamazing.’(“本，一件美好的事情發(fā)生了，”我媽媽開(kāi)始說(shuō)。“巴迪寫(xiě)了他的第一首詩(shī)!它很美，絕對(duì)令人驚嘆?！?”可知，母親認(rèn)為作者寫(xiě)的是個(gè)很精彩，由此可以推斷，父母兩人吵架是因?yàn)樗麄兊挠^(guān)點(diǎn)不一致。故答案是Becausetheyhaddifferentattitudetowardsthepoem./Becausetheyhaddifferentopinionsaboutthepoem.。Itwaslousy./Itwasverybad./Itwasaprettylousypoem.

【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“AfewyearslaterItookasecondlookatthatfirstpoem;itwasaprettylousypoem.(幾年后，我重新審視了那首詩(shī)；這是一首非常糟糕的詩(shī)。)”可知，幾年后，作者在看到自己寫(xiě)的第一首詩(shī)歌后，感覺(jué)這首詩(shī)歌真的很糟糕。故答案是Itwaslousy./Itwasverybad./Itwasaprettylousypoem.。Everyoneneedsalovingmotherandastrictfather.

【解析】考查主旨大意。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Awriter—infacteveryoneofusinlife—needsthatloving-motherforcefromwhichallcreationflows;andyetaloneitisincomplete,evenmisleading,finallydestructive,withoutthefatherforcetocaution,“Watch.Listen.Review.Improve.”(一個(gè)作家——實(shí)際上是生活中的每一個(gè)人——都需要那種慈母般的力量，所有的創(chuàng)作都源自這種力量；然而，如果沒(méi)有父親的告誡，它是不完整的，甚至是誤導(dǎo)的，最終是毀滅性的，“觀(guān)察、傾聽(tīng)、審查、改善?！?”可知，作者認(rèn)為生活中的每一個(gè)人只有一個(gè)愛(ài)自己的母親是不完美的，還需要一個(gè)嚴(yán)厲的父親才能讓自己不斷的進(jìn)步，所以最后一段主要闡述的是人人都需要一位慈母和一位嚴(yán)父。故答案是Everyoneneedsalovingmotherandastrictfather.。5．Ineedamotherwhocanencouragemeandafatherwhocancautionme./Ineedparentswhobothloveme./Ineedparentswhoalwaysencourageme.【解析】開(kāi)放性題目。根據(jù)介紹的作者的寫(xiě)的第一首詩(shī)歌的經(jīng)歷以及最后一段中的“Awriter—infacteveryoneofusinlife—needsthatloving-motherforcefromwhichallcreationflows;andyetaloneitisincomplete,evenmisleading,finallydestructive,withoutthefatherforcetocaution,“Watch.Listen.Review.Improve.”(一個(gè)作家——實(shí)際上是生活中的每一個(gè)人——都需要那種慈母般的力量，所有的創(chuàng)作都源自這種力量；然而，如果沒(méi)有父親的告誡，它是不完整的，甚至是誤導(dǎo)的，最終是毀滅性的，“觀(guān)察、傾聽(tīng)、審查、改善?！?”可知，人們都需要一個(gè)鼓勵(lì)自己，愛(ài)護(hù)自己的而母親，也需要一位客觀(guān)公正的父親，所以在生活中，我需要的也是一位如同作者一樣的父母，即我需要一位鼓勵(lì)我的母親和一位鞭策我的父親。故答案是Ineedamotherwhocanencouragemeandafatherwhocancautionme./Ineedparentswhobothloveme./Ineedparentswhoalwaysencourageme.。二、（2023·天津和平·統(tǒng)考一模）LearningoutsideofaclassroommaystillbeanewthingformanypeoplebutnotforKamer·Meli·Veseli,who’scompletinghisfinalyearofhighschoolthatway.HisfamilymovedfromKosovotoSwitzerland,sohe’sdoinghiscourseworkremotelyandwilltakeabigtestwithallofhisteachersattheendoftheyear.It’stheidealarrangementforMelisinceitallowshimtomanagehisownscheduleandpursueotherinterestsinhisfreetime.That’swhereSparkandonlinelearningcomein.Melihasalwaysbeenaseriousgamer,buthe’snotjustlookingtohavefun.Helikesexaminingthetechnologybehindhisfavoritegamesandiscurioustounderstandhowdeveloperscreatethegraphics,textures,andspecialeffects.HereallywantedtomakehisowngamesandactuallydiddevelopacoupleonAndroidbutwasn’tsatisfiedwiththeresults.Searchingforonlinecoursesthatcouldtakehisgametothenextlevel,hefoundSpark,anditwas“oneofthehappiestdaysofmylife.”Butgamingisn’ttheextentofMeli’sinterests.He’salsoahopefulsingerwho’dalwayslackedtheconfidencetosinginpublic.ThenhetookcoursesonSparkanddiscoveredexercisesthatcouldhelphimloosenandrelaxhisthroatandreleasehisvoice“10timesbetterin10minutes.”NowheplansforSwitzerland’sversionoftheTVshow“TheVoice”in2016!WithSparkcourses,Meli’salsobrushinguponhisdrawingskills,whichhepickedupinhischildhood.Hefinallycreatedaperfectportraitofhisolderbrother.WhereverMeli’sdreamstakehim,heknowshe’llbeabletofindrelevantcoursesonSpark:“Thevarietyisunlimited—somanylanguages,allkindsofsoftware,eventhingslikemeditationandculturallessons.Whateveryouwanttolearn,you’llfinditonSpark.”6．Accordingtothefirstparagraph,howdoesSparkinfluenceMeli’slife?(nomorethan10words)________________7．WhendidMelifindSpark?(nomorethan15words)________________8．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrasemeaninparagraph3?(nomorethan1word)________________9．Whatdoesthefourthparagraphmainlytalkabout?(nomorethan15words)________________10．Whatdoyouthinkofonlinelearning?Giveyourreason.(nomorethan20words)________________【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是夾敘夾議文。文章通過(guò)講述卡梅爾·梅利·韋塞利利用Spark網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)的經(jīng)歷告訴我們，網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習(xí)可以提供很多的資源，給人們帶來(lái)了許多的便利。6．Hecanmanagehisstudyandpursueotherinterests./Hecanbalancehisstudyandotherinterests.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“LearningoutsideofaclassroommaystillbeanewthingformanypeoplebutnotforKamer·Meli·Veseli,who’scompletinghisfinalyearofhighschoolthatway.HisfamilymovedfromKosovotoSwitzerland,sohe’sdoinghiscourseworkremotelyandwilltakeabigtestwithallofhisteachersattheendoftheyear.It’stheidealarrangementforMelisinceitallowshimtomanagehisownscheduleandpursueotherinterestsinhisfreetime.That’swhereSparkandonlinelearningcomein.(對(duì)于許多人來(lái)說(shuō)，在教室外學(xué)習(xí)可能仍然是一件新鮮事，但對(duì)于卡梅爾·梅利·韋塞利來(lái)說(shuō)，這不是一件新鮮的事，他正以這種方式完成高中最后一年的學(xué)業(yè)。他的家人從科索沃搬到了瑞士，因此他正在遠(yuǎn)程學(xué)習(xí)課程，并將在年底與所有老師一起參加一場(chǎng)大型考試。這是梅利的理想安排，因?yàn)樗试S他在空閑時(shí)間管理自己的日程并追求其他興趣。這就是Spark和在線(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)的作用所在。)”可知，Spark可以讓梅利遠(yuǎn)程學(xué)習(xí)，在空閑時(shí)間管理自己的日程并追求其他興趣。故答案為Hecanmanagehisstudyandpursueotherinterests.或Hecanbalancehisstudyandotherinterests.Whenhesearched/wassearchingforonlinecoursestoimprovehisgame.

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Searchingforonlinecoursesthatcouldtakehisgametothenextlevel,hefoundSpark,anditwas“oneofthehappiestdaysofmylife.”(在尋找能讓他的游戲更上一層樓的在線(xiàn)課程時(shí)，他找到了Spark，這是“我一生中最快樂(lè)的日子之一”。)”可知，在梅利尋找能讓他的游戲更上一層樓的在線(xiàn)課程時(shí)，他找到了Spark。故答案為Whenhesearched/wassearchingforonlinecoursestoimprovehisgame.Improving.

【解析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段“Hefinallycreatedaperfectportraitofhisolderbrother.(他終于為哥哥畫(huà)了一幅完美的肖像)”可知，梅利通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)Spark課程之后終于為哥哥畫(huà)了一幅完美的肖像，所以他的繪畫(huà)技巧應(yīng)該是得到了提高。brushingupon的意思是“提升，提高”。故答案為Improving.

9．HowSparkhelpedMeliwithsingingandpainting./SparkhelpedMelibecomeagoodsingerandpainter.【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Butgamingisn’ttheextentofMeli’sinterests.He’salsoahopefulsingerwho’dalwayslackedtheconfidencetosinginpublic.ThenhetookcoursesonSparkanddiscoveredexercisesthatcouldhelphimloosenandrelaxhisthroatandreleasehisvoice“10timesbetterin10minutes.”NowheplansforSwitzerland’sversionoftheTVshow“TheVoice”in2016!WithSparkcourses,Meli’salsobrushinguponhisdrawingskills,whichhepickedupinhischildhood.Hefinallycreatedaperfectportraitofhisolderbrother.(但游戲并不是Meli的興趣范圍。他也是一位充滿(mǎn)希望的歌手，一直缺乏在公眾場(chǎng)合唱歌的信心。然后，他參加了Spark的課程，發(fā)現(xiàn)了可以幫助他放松和放松喉嚨的練習(xí)，并“在10分鐘內(nèi)將聲音提高10倍”?，F(xiàn)在，他計(jì)劃在2016年參加瑞士版的電視節(jié)目“thevoice”！通過(guò)Spark課程，Meli也在學(xué)習(xí)自己的繪畫(huà)技巧，這是他在童年時(shí)學(xué)到的。他終于為哥哥畫(huà)了一幅完美的肖像)”可知，這一段主要講述梅利提高Spark的課程提升了自己的歌唱能力和繪畫(huà)技巧。故答案為HowSparkhelpedMeliwithsingingandpainting.或SparkhelpedMelibecomeagoodsingerandpainter.

10．Onlinelearningisverygood.Itcanprovidemanyrecoursesandbringmuchconveniencetoourdailylifeandstudy.【解析】開(kāi)放性試題。根據(jù)第一段“LearningoutsideofaclassroommaystillbeanewthingformanypeoplebutnotforKamer·Meli·Veseli,who’scompletinghisfinalyearofhighschoolthatway.HisfamilymovedfromKosovotoSwitzerland,sohe’sdoinghiscourseworkremotelyandwilltakeabigtestwithallofhisteachersattheendoftheyear.It’stheidealarrangementforMelisinceitallowshimtomanagehisownscheduleandpursueotherinterestsinhisfreetime.That’swhereSparkandonlinelearningcomein.(對(duì)于許多人來(lái)說(shuō)，在教室外學(xué)習(xí)可能仍然是一件新鮮事，但對(duì)于卡梅爾·梅利·韋塞利來(lái)說(shuō)，這不是一件新鮮的事，他正以這種方式完成高中最后一年的學(xué)業(yè)。他的家人從科索沃搬到了瑞士，因此他正在遠(yuǎn)程學(xué)習(xí)課程，并將在年底與所有老師一起參加一場(chǎng)大型考試。這是梅利的理想安排，因?yàn)樗试S他在空閑時(shí)間管理自己的日程并追求其他興趣。這就是Spark和在線(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)的作用所在)”可知，Spark可以讓梅利遠(yuǎn)程學(xué)習(xí)，在空閑時(shí)間管理自己的日程并追求其他興趣。和第四段“Butgamingisn’ttheextentofMeli’sinterests.He’salsoahopefulsingerwho’dalwayslackedtheconfidencetosinginpublic.ThenhetookcoursesonSparkanddiscoveredexercisesthatcouldhelphimloosenandrelaxhisthroatandreleasehisvoice“10timesbetterin10minutes.”NowheplansforSwitzerland’sversionoftheTVshow“TheVoice”in2016!WithSparkcourses,Meli’salsobrushinguponhisdrawingskills,whichhepickedupinhischildhood.Hefinallycreatedaperfectportraitofhisolderbrother.(但游戲并不是Meli的興趣范圍。他也是一位充滿(mǎn)希望的歌手，一直缺乏在公眾場(chǎng)合唱歌的信心。然后，他參加了Spark的課程，發(fā)現(xiàn)了可以幫助他放松和放松喉嚨的練習(xí)，并“在10分鐘內(nèi)將聲音提高10倍”?，F(xiàn)在，他計(jì)劃在2016年參加瑞士版的電視節(jié)目“thevoice”！通過(guò)Spark課程，Meli也在學(xué)習(xí)自己的繪畫(huà)技巧，這是他在童年時(shí)學(xué)到的。他終于為哥哥畫(huà)了一幅完美的肖像)”可知，網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習(xí)可以提供很多的資源，給人們帶來(lái)了許多的便利。故答案為Onlinelearningisverygood.Itcanprovidemanyrecoursesandbringmuchconveniencetoourdailylifeandstudy.三、（2022·天津南開(kāi)·統(tǒng)考一模）Whywouldhumanbeingswasteathirdoftheirlivessleepingwhentheycouldbedoingmoreimportantthingslikelookingaftertheirfamiliesorworking?Somescientistsbelievesleepinghelpsrechargethebody.whileothersthinkitisimportantforstrengtheningnewlyformedmemories.Now,thereisnewevidencewhichsuggeststhatthepurposeofsleepmaybetoforgetsomeofthemillionsofnewthingswelearneachday.Theneuronsinthehumanbrainconsistoffiberscalleddendrites(樹(shù)突).Thesegrowaswelearnnewthingsandconnectthebrain’scellstoeachotheratcontactpointscalledsynapses(突觸).Thelargerthedendritesbecomeandthemorecellstheyconnect,themoreinformationwestore.In2018.GiulioTononiandChiaraCirelli,bothbiologistsattheUniversityofWisconsinMadison,suggestedanewidea:Thethingsourbrainslearneachdayresultinsomanysynapsesthatthingsstarttogetalittlemessy.Sleepingallowsustosortthrough(整理)the“noise”anddispensealltheunnecessaryinformation.leavingbehindonlythemostimportantmemories.Recently,theuniversity’sresearchhasprovideddirectevidencetosupportthetheory.Theexperimentinvolvedanalyzing6.920synapsesinthebrainshavingsfromtwogroupsofmiceoverafour-yearperiod:onegrouphadbeenallowedtosleep,whiletheotherhadbeenkeptawakeandentertainedwithtoys.Theresearchersdiscoveredthatthebrainshavingsofthesleepingmicehadnearly20percentfewersynapsesthanthosethathadbeenkeptawakeandentertained.Itwasalsoevidentduringthestudythatthebraindoesnotshaveeverysynapse.20%ofneuronsremainedunchanged:theseweremostlikelywellestablishedmemories.Therefore.althoughwemaybesleepingtoforgetsomeofwhatwe’velearned,thebrain“forgets”inasmartway.Mostresearchersbelieveclearingourbrainsisnottheonlypurposeofsleep.Restingourmindsandbodieshasalsobeenfoundtohelpwithotherbiologicalfunctionslikestrengtheningourimmunity.Thoughscientistsmayneveragreeonasinglereason.theyareallsureofonething—agoodnight’srestisessentialforourhealth.Sotryandspendatleastathirdofyourdaysleeping!11．What’sthepurposeofsleepingaccordingtothenewdiscovery?(nomorethan15words)_________________________________________________________12．What’sthemainideaofParagraph2?(nomorethan10words)_________________________________________________________13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dispense”inParagraph3probablymean?(nomorethan5words)_________________________________________________________14．Whatagreementdoallthescientistsprobablyreachaboutsleepingaccordingtothetext?(nomorethan10words)_________________________________________________________15．Doyouthinkagoodnight’ssleepwillbenefityournext-daystudy?Pleaseexplaininyourownwords.(nomorethan20words)_________________________________________________________【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了睡眠是為了幫助我們清理大腦里的一些無(wú)用信息，同時(shí)睡眠也是為了幫助我