初二英語八種時態(tài)梳理(單選語法選擇句子翻譯)

學(xué)科教師輔導(dǎo)教案學(xué)員編號：年級：初二課時數(shù)：學(xué)員姓名：輔導(dǎo)科目：英語學(xué)科教師：授課類型C八種時態(tài)基礎(chǔ)知識C時態(tài)綜合訓(xùn)練C時態(tài)考點(diǎn)分布授課日期及時段Spep1:導(dǎo)入ThenewteacherGeorgecamehomefromschoolonthefirstofSeptember."George,howdidyoulikeyournewteacher?"askedhismother."Ididn'tlikeher,Mother,becauseshesaidthatthreeandthreeweresixandthenshesaidthattwoandfourweresixtoo."【思考】這個小幽默用了什么時態(tài)？你能把這些動詞找出來嗎？除了這種時態(tài)，我們初中階段還學(xué)習(xí)了哪幾種時態(tài)？Step2:你能說一說每種時態(tài)的謂語構(gòu)成嗎？1.一般現(xiàn)在時_____________________________2.一般過去時_____________________________3.一般將來時_____________________________4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時_____________________________5.過去進(jìn)行時_____________________________6.現(xiàn)在完成時_____________________________7.過去完成時_____________________________8.過去將來時_____________________________Step3:初中八種時態(tài)基礎(chǔ)知識Ⅰ.一般現(xiàn)在時1.表示現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動作或者存在的狀態(tài)、特征、客觀真理。常用的時間狀語有：__________________________________________________________________________Heusuallygoestoschoolbybike.TheyarebothfineThesunrisesintheeast.2.____________________________________________Theskyisblue.天空是藍(lán)色的。3.____________________________________________Youmustn’teatanythinguntilyouseethedoctor.4.____________________________________________Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。5.begin,come,go,leave,stop,start,arrive,return,open,close等動詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示按計(jì)劃、規(guī)定將要發(fā)生的動作。Classbeginsateightinthemorning.Ⅱ.一般過去時一般過去時表示過去某時間發(fā)生的事、存在的狀態(tài)或過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作。常用的時間狀語有：__________________________________________________________________________ItsnowedheavilyItwasverycoldyesterday.Ⅲ.一般將來時1.表示在將來的某個時間要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)常用的時間狀語有：__________________________________________________________________________MrWuwillteachusEnglishthisterm.Iwillgotomyhometownnextweek.2.一般將來時的形式1)____________________2)____________________3)come,go,start,move,sail,leave,travel等動詞常用進(jìn)行時態(tài)表示按照計(jì)劃要發(fā)生的事Thewholefamilyisgoingfortwomonths.4)在時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中，常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來要發(fā)生的事情Ifyouareill,youmustgotoseeadoctorIwillgivethenotetohimassoonashecomesback.Ⅳ.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時1.表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動作或者現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。其時間狀語為now或現(xiàn)在的具體時間，也可以從上下文中體現(xiàn)出來。--Whatareyoudoing?--Iamreadingabook.2.________________________________________Myfatherisalwayslosinghiscarkeys.Sheisalwayshelpingpeople.3.表示計(jì)劃或安排好了的將來動作，常與一個表示將來的時間狀語連用。如：MikeiscominghomeonThursday.They’rehavingapartynextweek.注：表示安排將要做的事，人作主語宜用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時，事物作主語，宜用一般現(xiàn)在時4.連系動詞+介詞/副詞也可以表示正在進(jìn)行的動作Heisatwork5.表示感覺、愿望、狀態(tài)的某些動詞，如hope,smell,hear,think(認(rèn)為),like等一般不用進(jìn)行時態(tài)。Ⅴ.過去進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時表示過去某一時間或某一階段正在發(fā)生的動作。這一特定的時間除去有上下文暗示以外，一般都用表示過去的時間狀語來表示，常見的有_____________________________________________________________Theywerehavingaclassthistimeyesterday.Iwastalkingwhentheteachercamein.Ⅵ.現(xiàn)在完成時1.表示過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果。通常和副詞never,ever,just,already,yet連用--Haven’tyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?--Yes,Ihave.Ihavejustfinishedit.2.表示過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，通常和時間狀語before,recently,once,twice,for,since,uptonow，sofar（到目前之止）連用。IhaveknownLiLeiforthreeyears.Wehavelivedheresince2001.3.延續(xù)性動詞和終止性動詞常考延續(xù)性動詞：work,stand,know,walk,keep,have,wait,watch,read,sleep,sing,live?？冀K止性動詞：die,arrive,close,become,come,fall,leave,go,lose,give,jump,join,buy,start,begin,borrow.1)表示動作、狀態(tài)持續(xù)時，用延續(xù)性動詞WehavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears.2)延續(xù)性動詞一般不和表示“點(diǎn)”的時間狀語連用Itrainedateightyesterdaymorning.(×)但是可以借助終止性動詞來表達(dá)：Itbegantorainateightyesterdaymorning.3)表示一次性動作用終止性動詞。終止性動詞的否定式可以轉(zhuǎn)換成延續(xù)性Iputonmycoatquicklyandwentout.Wecamebackuntil9:00.(×)→Wedidn’tcomebackuntil9:00.4)終止性動詞不能用表示一段時間的狀語來修飾，要把動詞或者時間狀語做適當(dāng)調(diào)整，句子才能合理。Theoldmanhasdiedfor3years(×)→Theoldmanhasbeendeadforthreeyears.Theoldmandied3yearsago.4.句型：1)Ithasbeen/It’s+時間段+since從句（動詞用過去式）Ithasbeen/It’stwoyearssincehisgrandfatherdied.2)時間段+haspassedsince從句（動詞用過去式）Manyyearshaspassedsincewekneweachother.5.常見的終止性動詞要接一段時間，需要做如下轉(zhuǎn)換動詞變動詞buy→have,borrow→keep，puton→wear,catchacold→haveacold,get/begintoknow→knowgo/gettosleep--sleep,become--be變成be+adj/advbegin→beon,close/open→beclosed/open,die→bedeadend/finish→beover,getup→beupmarry→bemarriedcome→bein/at…return→beback變成be+介詞短語come/go→bein/atjoin→bein(或者be+成員)puton→bein(或wear)Ⅶ.過去將來時表示從過去某個時間看將來要發(fā)生的動作或者存在的狀態(tài)，即“從過去看將來”，常用于賓語從句中Nobodyknewwhatwouldhappenafterahundredyears.Ⅷ.過去完成時1.表示到過去某一個時刻為止已經(jīng)完成的動作，即某動作在過去某一時刻之前就已經(jīng)完成了，所以在時間上含有“過去的過去”之意。1)by/before+過去的時間構(gòu)成的介詞短語Hehadlearntover1000Englishwordsbytheendoflastmonth.2）before,when引導(dǎo)的一般過去時的從句Tomhadalreadyfinishedhishomeworkbeforehismotherreturned.3）常見時間狀語有:by,untilthen等Hesaidhehadknownnothingaboutheruntilthen2.表示從過去的某一時間開始，持續(xù)到過去另一時間的動作或者狀態(tài)，常和由for,since引導(dǎo)的表示一段時間的短語或從句連用Hehadstudiedintheschoolforfiveyearsbeforehemovedhere.3.通過上下文表示Thestudentsstartedworkinginthefieldsateighto’clock.Therainhadstoppedandthesunwasshining.時態(tài)綜合訓(xùn)練Step3：專題訓(xùn)練【例題解析】

()1.Ifyou_________carefully,you_______thereportwell.(08年廣州白云區(qū)一模試題)A.willlisten,willunderstandB.willlisten,understandC.listen,willunderstandD.listen,understand()2.Mandy________anewcamera.Shehastakenalotofphotoswithit.（09年廣州白云區(qū)一模試題）A.buysB.isbuyingC.boughtD.willbuy()3.Excuseme.Couldyoutellmeifyou____ourpartytomorrowevening?（10年廣州白云區(qū)一模試題）A.willcomeB.comeC.comesD.tocome()4.—Tony,youmuststopwatchingTVanddoyourhomework.（10年白云區(qū)一模試題）

—I_______italready.

A.finished

B.havefinished

C.finishes

D.amfinishing()5.Mygrandfatheroften__________toswiminwinterwhenhewasyoung.（11年白云區(qū)一模試題）A.went B.go C.goes D.hasgone()6.—I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.（12年白云區(qū)一模試題）

—Oh,notatall.I________hereforonlyafewminutes.

A.havecomeB.hadbeenC.hasgoneD.havebeen

()7.It_______heavilyoutside.WehadbetterstayathomeandwatchTVplay.（12年白云區(qū)二模試題）A.rainsB.hasrainedC.israiningD.wasraining()8.Threeyears_______sinceIcametothisschool.（12年白云區(qū)二模試題）A.passB.passedC.haspassedD.waspassed()9.Thesummervocationwillbeginnextweek.MypenpalJoe______tostaywithme.（08年廣州荔灣區(qū)模擬考）A.comesB.cameC.iscomingD.willbecoming()10.---I’msorry,Kate.I___________yourdictionaryforsuchalongtime.----Nevermind,Tom.（11年廣州荔灣區(qū)模擬考）-A.havelentB.haveborrowedC.havetakenD.havekept()11.Doyouknowwhenhe________backtomorrow?Sorry,Idon’tknow.Whenhe________back,I’lltellyou.（11年廣州越秀區(qū)一模）A.willcome,comesB.comes,willcomeC.comes,comesD.willcome,willcome()12.You_______thisbookfortwoweeks.Youshouldreturnitsoon.(12年廣州越秀區(qū)一模)

A.borrowedB.haveborrowedC.kept

D.havekept()13.----Whydidn’tyouanswerthephone?(13年天河區(qū)綜合)----I’msorry.I______abathatthattime. A.wastaking B.took C.hastaken D.amtaking()14.---Mrs.White,whenshallwegoforapicnic?（13年海珠區(qū)一模）---Ifit_____,we_____forapicnicintheparktomorrow.A.rains；willgo B.willrain；goC.doesn’train；willgo D.doesn’train；go()15.Linhong______balletsinceshewasfiveyearsold.(13年南沙區(qū)一模) A.practises B.practiced C.willpractise D.haspractised【真題再現(xiàn)】

2013年廣州中考()24.A.Youlookveryniceinyournewdresstoday.B.Oh,really?I______itwhenitwasonsale.A.buyB.boughtC.haveboughtD.willbuy2012年廣州中考()21．--I’vegotthefinalHarryPotterbook．--Youwillloveit．Iittwicealready． A.amreading B.haveread C.wasreading D.willread2011年廣州中考()18.Yesterdayevening,I_____alongthestreetwhenIsuddenlymetmymathsteacher.A.walkB.walkedC.waswalkingD.amwalking【階梯鞏固】基礎(chǔ)篇——選擇填空()1.Hurryup!Theplay__________fortenminutes. Ahasbegun Bhadbegun Chasbeenon Dbegan()2.Don’tworry.She__________youacallassoonasshe__________Shanghai. Awillgive,reachesBgiveswillgetto Cwillgive,arriveinDgives,willget()3.–Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?--Hesaidthattheearth__________roundthesun. Awent Bgoes Cgoing Dwillgo()4.Heturnedoffthelightsandthen__________theclassroom. Aleaves Bwillleave Cisleaving Dleft()5.WangPing__________hishomeworkandnowheiswatchingTV. Ahasfinished Bfinishes Cisfinishing Dfinished()6.–IamsorrythatJohnisout--Pleaseaskhimtocallmeassoonashe__________. Areturned Breturns Cwillreturn Dhasreturned()7.–Whatdidyoudoafterschoolyesterday?--I__________basketballwithmyfriends. Aplay Bplayed Cwillplay Damplaying()8.---MrGreen,__________you__________BaiyunHilllastSunday?--No.ButIwillvisitthemnextweek. Awill,goto Bhave,beento Cdid,goto Dhave,goneto()9.I__________theCDstoyouifIhavetimetomorrow. Awillreturn Breturned Chavereturned Dreturn()10.–WhereisFranknow?--He__________hisbikeintheyard. Afixesup Bfixingup Cisfixingup Dfixedup()11.–Didyouseethetrafficaccidentyesterday?--Yes.IthappenedwhenI__________pastthemuseum. Awalk Bamwalking Cwillwalk Dwaswalking()12.Since2000,Nanchanghasbecomeanewcity,andeverythingthere__________. Aischange Bwaschanged Chaschanged Dhadchanged()13.EveryoneexceptBillandJim__________therewhenthemeetingbegan. Awas Bis Care Dwere()14.TheWorldWithoutThievesisaverymovingfilm.I__________ittwicealready. Awillsee Bsee Csaw Dhaveseen()15.Theysaythere__________anewbridgeacrosstheriverintwoyears. Awillhave Bisgoingtobe Chas Dis提升篇——動詞形式填空。

1．“Where_________(be)youlastnight?”“I_________(ask)tohelpTomathome”

2．I__________(feel)muchbetterafterI_______(take)the

medicine.

3．CouldyoutellmewhereAlice________(live)?

4．Hesaidhe__________(stay)hereforanothertwodays.

5．WhereisTom?He_________(go)tothepostoffice.Hesaidhe_________(come)backsoon.

6．Mikesayshe_________(want)tobeaworkerafterhe

_________(finish)school.

7．Thelastbus____________just________(leave)whenthey

________(get)tothebusstop.

8．She_________(notgo)tobeduntilshe_______(finish)herwork.例題解析：1-5CCABA6-10DCCCD11-15ADACD真題再現(xiàn)：BBC階梯鞏固：Keys:1-5CABDABBCACDCADB1.wereasked2.felttook3.lives4.stayed5.hasgonetowouldcome6.wantsfinishes7.hasleftgot8.didn’tgofinishes時態(tài)的考點(diǎn)分布（一）現(xiàn)在完成時考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)一：考查基本概念()Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey______what'shappenedtohim.A.knew B.haveknownC.mustknowD.willknowKeys:B考點(diǎn)二：考查時間狀語()1.Hehas_______beentoShanghai,hashe?A.alreadyB.neverC.everD.still()2.HaveyoumetMrLi______？A.justB.agoC.beforeD.amomentago()3.Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyear.A.iswritingB.waswritingC.wroteD.haswritten()4.—Ourcountry______alotsofar—Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.A.haschanged;wellB.changed;goodC.haschanged;betterD.changed;better()5.ZhaoLan______already______inthisschoolfortwoyears.A.was;studyingB.will;studyC.has;studiedD.are;studyingKeys:ACDCC考點(diǎn)三：考查與一般過去時的區(qū)別()1.—ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.—Really?When_____there?A.willtheygoB.didtheygoC.dotheygoD.havetheygone()2.—______you______yourhomeworkyet?—Yes.I_____itamomentago.A.Did;do;finishedB.Have;done;finishedC.Have;done;havefinishedD.will;do;finishKeys:BB考點(diǎn)四：考查非延續(xù)性動詞的用法()1.Hisfather______thePartysince1978.A.joinedB.hasjoinedC.wasinD.hasbeenin()2.—Doyouknowhimwell?—Sure.We_________friendssincetenyearsago.A.wereB.havebeenC.havebecomeD.havemade()3.—Howlonghaveyou____here?—Abouttwomonths.A.beenB.goneC.comeD.arrived()4.Hurryup!Theplay__________fortenminutes.A.hasbegunB.hadbegunC.hasbeenonD.beganKeys:DBAC考點(diǎn)五：考查詞組have/hasbeenin/to與have/hasgoneto的區(qū)別()1.MissGreenisn'tintheoffice.she_______tothelibrary.A.hasgoneB.wentC.willgoD.hasbeen()2.Myparents______Shandongfortenyears.A.havebeeninB.havebeentoC.havegonetoD.havebeenKeys:AA（二）主將從現(xiàn)簡單來講，“主將從現(xiàn)”是指在復(fù)合句中,如果主句是一般將來時,從句是由when,assoonas...引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句或由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句,

從句中表示將來的動作要用一般現(xiàn)在時來代替Hewillgototheparkifitdoesn’traintomorrow.Shewillcallyouassoonasshegetstotheairport.考點(diǎn)一：if引導(dǎo)賓語從句和條件從句

If有兩個意思，當(dāng)“是否”講時，引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句的事態(tài)由事實(shí)決定；

Wedon’tknowifitwillraintomorrow.

當(dāng)“如果、假如”講時，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，此時要使用"主將從現(xiàn)"“主現(xiàn)從現(xiàn)”原則。

Ifitisfinetomorrow,weshallvisittheGreatWall.Ifwetakefishoutfromwaterforalongtime,theydies.

考點(diǎn)二：when引導(dǎo)賓語從句和時間狀語從句

當(dāng)when引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，表示“何時”，時態(tài)由事實(shí)決定。

Idon’tknowwhenhewillcome.

當(dāng)when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時表示“當(dāng)…的時候”，要使用“主將從現(xiàn)”原則。

Whenhecomes,Iwillcallyou.語法選擇1.Myfriend,DavidSmith,keptbirds.Onedayhephonedandmehewouldbeawayforaweek.(10年廣州中考)A.tellB.tellsC.toldD.hadtold2.“OK.Buthowdoyouknowwhenit’stimetogohome?”（11年廣州中考）“Thefactorybell____,”Harrytoldhim.A.ringB.ringsC.wasrungD.ringing綜合提升一（13年黃埔一模）IwillneverforgetthelessonwhichMr.Ligaveus.OnedayMr.Liwasspeakingtousinourschoolmeetingroom.He26hisspeechbyholdingupa￥100bill.Heasked,“Whowouldlikethis￥100bill?”Mostofusputupourhands27.Thenhesaid,“Iamgoingtogivethis￥100tooneofyou,butfirstletme28this.”Hethenmadethebill29aballshapeandasked,“Whowantsitnow?”Weraised30handsagain.Buthesaid,“Waitamoment.”Hethendroppeditonthefloorandsteppedonit.Afterthat,hepickedup31dirtybillandaskedagain,“Whostillwantsit?”Manyhandswerestillup.“Myfriends,”hesaid,“youhavelearnedavaluablelessontoday.Nomatter32Ididtothemoney,youstillwantedit33itdidnotgodowninvalue.Itwasstillworth“Wealwayslosemanychanceswetakeinourlives.”Hewentonspeaking,“Wefeelasifweareworthnothing.Butremember,nomatterwhat34toyou,youwillneverloseyourvalue,youarealwaysvaluabletothosepeople35loveyou.Yourvaluedoesn’tcomefromwhatyoudoorwhoyouknow,butWHOYOUARE.”26.A.begin B.began C.beginsD.beginning27.A.quicker B.quick C.quicklyD.quickest28.A.do B.todo C.doingD.done29.A.on B.to C.inD.into30.A.our B.ours C.ourselvesD.us31.A.a B.an C.theD.不填32.A.how B.what C.whereD.when33.A.though B.aslongasC.whileD.because34.A.happens B.willhappen C.hashappenedD.hadhappened35.A.which B.who C.whoseD.what綜合提升二（13年海珠區(qū)一模）Theworldisdividedintotwoparts.Onehalfoftheworldisrichand26ispoor.__27thepoorpart,peoplenevergetenoughtoeat.Whentheyareill,noneofthehospitalscanreceivethembecausethey28nomoney.Intherichpart，alotofpeopleeattoomuch.Forexample，adogorcatinNorthAmericaeats29thanachildinpoorercountries.Poorcountrieshavesome30problems.Sometimesthelandistoopoor.Peopletherehavenorichland31enoughwater.Thepeoplemustbetaughtandwatermustbefound.Butrichcountrieshaveproblems,32.Therearenotalwaysgoodplacestolivein.Sometimestheairisnotcleanandtheriversaretoodirty.Theroadsandstreetshave33peopleandbuses.Carsandbuseshavetomoveslowly.Noiseisheardeverywhere.Somepeopledon’thavehouses.Somethingmust34abouttheseproblems.Theairandtheriversmustbecleaned.Morehouseshavetobebuilt.Butthesethings35bedoneeasily.26.A.others B.another C.theothers D.theother27.A.In B.Onto C.Into D.By28.A.have B.has C.had D.arehaving29.A.good B.best C.better D.thebetter30.A.difficulty B.difficulties C.difficultly D.difficult31.A.and B.or C.but D.so32.A.either B.too C.aswellas D.also33.A.toomuch B.muchtoo C.toomany D.toolittle34.A.do B.bedone C.bedoing D.isdone35.A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.shouldn’t D.can’t綜合提升三（10年廣州中考）Myfriend,DavidSmith,keptbirds.Onedayhephonedand1(tell)mehe2__(be)awayforaweek.Heaskedmetofeedthebirdforhimandsaidhe3(leave)hiskeyinmymailbox.Unfortunately,I4(notremember)tofeedthebirdsuntilthenightbeforeDavid_5___(return).Irushedoutofmyhouseandit6(be)alreadydarkwhenIarrivedathishouse.Isoonfoundthekeyhegavemecouldunlockneitherthefrontdoornorthebackdoor!IkeptthinkingofwhatDavid(say)whenhecameback.ThenI7(notice)thatonebedroomwindowwasopen.Ifoundabigstoneandpusheditunderthewindow.Becausethestonewasveryheavy,I8(make)alotofnoise.Butintheend,I9____(manage)toclimbup.IhadoneleginsidethebedroomwhenIsuddenlyrealizedthatsomeone_____10____shine)atorchupatme.Ilookeddownand11(see)apolicemanandanoldlady,oneofDavid’sneighbors.“What12you(do)upthere?”saidthepoliceman.Feelinglikeafool,Ireplied,“IwasjustgoingtofeedMr.Smith’sbirds.”句子翻譯：——這些天你都在干什么呢？——我一直在練習(xí)彈鋼琴，下周我要參加一個比賽。2.——你吃了早飯嗎？——沒，我打算做完了這些工作再去吃。3.——去廣州的火車開了嗎？——開出了！十分鐘之前開出的，所以你又遲到了！4.——你哥哥離開中國多久啦？——他離開一年啦。他是去年八月份動身去紐約的。5.他們要到下周才能完成所有任務(wù)。6.——好久不見！這些年你都去哪了？——沒去哪，我只是生病住院了一段時間。7.當(dāng)我進(jìn)來的時候他正在看書。8.如果你把冰加熱，它就會變成水。Keys：1-4CBDC一：26-30BCADA31-35C二：26-30DAACD 31-35BBCBD三：1-5toldwouldbewouldleavedidn’trememberreturned6-10hadbeennoticedmademanagedwasshining11-12sawaredoing 句子翻譯：1.-Whatareyoudoingthesedays?-I'mpracticingplayingthepiano,andI’lljoininacompetitionnextweek.

2.-Haveyouhadbreakfast?-No,Iplantohaveitafterfinishingthework.

3.-HasthetrainheadingforGuangzhouleft?-Yes,ithas.Itlefttenminutesago,soyou'relateagain.

4.-HowlongwillyourbrotherbeawayfromChina?-Hehasbeenawayforoneyear.HeheadedforLondoninAugustoflastyear.

5.-Theywillnotfinishallofthemuntilnextweek.

6.-Haven'tseenyouforalongtime.Wherehaveyoubeento?-Ihavebeennowhere,ihavejustbeenillforsometime7.HewasreadingwhenIcamein.8.Ifyouheattheice,itturnsintowater.課后作業(yè)復(fù)習(xí)鞏固選擇1.Sofar,thepopulationofthiscity__________712000AareBisChasbeenDhas2.He__________waituntiltherain__________.Awon’t,willstopBwon’t,stopCwill,stopsDwill,willstops3.–DidyougotoMichael’sbirthdaypartyyesterday?--No,I_______