初二上冊(cè)最詳細(xì)英語語法

學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載Unit2I’dlikesomenoodles復(fù)習(xí)want用法。wantsth想要某物例：Iwantsomeice-cream.wanttodosth想要做某事例：Ｉwanttoeatsomeice-cream.本課所學(xué)would與like連用組成wouldlike詞組時(shí)，與want意思相同，且用法相似.wouldlike與want區(qū)別是，第一前者語氣比后者更委婉。Wouldlike三種常見搭配：wouldlikesth想要某物例：Iwouldlikesomeicecream.wouldliketodosth想要做某事例：Iwouldliketoeatsomeice-cream.wouldlikesbtodosth想要某人做某事例：Shewouldlikeyoutosingforher.【補(bǔ)充】①would可以主語縮寫成“’d”形式，例ｉwould=I’d,theywould=they’d,shewould=she’d.②wouldlike的一般疑問句，只需將would提前到主語前即可。例：Wouldyouliketoeatsomeice-cream?(注意，在委婉語氣問句中，用some)③上述問句，肯定回答“Yes,I’dliketo/I‘dliketo/sure/ofcourse”否定回答“I’dliketo,but…/Iamafraid…/Ican’t”④wouldlike的特殊疑問句，在wouldlike的一般疑問句前加特殊疑問詞。例：Whatwouldyoulike?Whatsizewouldyoulike?Whatkindofnoodleswouldyoulike?④wouldlike的否定句，只需在would后加not例：Iwouldnotliketoeatjunkfood.want不具備【補(bǔ)充】里的用法。總結(jié)，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞would的兩種用法:陳述句可以與主語縮寫為“‘d”形式，疑問句直接將would提前，否定句只需在would后面加not.would除與like連用，還可與其他實(shí)意動(dòng)詞連用，也表示一種委婉、禮貌的請(qǐng)求。例：Wouldyoumindjinkesingingasongforus?Wouldyouhelpmewithmymath?would是will過去式還，而且and用于肯定句yet用于否定句例：ｉamnotsure____.我還不確定A.andB.yet5.Therebe句型表示“有…”.be動(dòng)詞根據(jù)后面名詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式確定，且遵循就近原則。Therebe句型的疑問句把be動(dòng)詞提前即可。Yes，thereis/are.No,thereisn’t/aren’t.例：Thereisagirlhere.→Isthereagirlhere?----Yes,thereis.Nothereisn’t.Therearetwogirlshere.→Aretheretwogirlshere?---Yes,thereare.No,therearen’t.Thereisaboyandtwogirlshere.=Therearetwogirlsandaboyhere.6.名詞可修飾名詞，beefnoodles7.I’dlikeabowlofnoodles.基數(shù)詞+度量詞+名詞基數(shù)詞：one,two,three,度量詞：cup,pair,bowl基數(shù)詞是大于1，則度量詞是復(fù)數(shù)例：abowlof…;twobowlsof…8.kindof有點(diǎn)Jiayingiskindofthin.akindof一種Xueyinghasakindofspecialpen.allkindsof各種Jinkeallkindsofbooksinhishome.differentkindsof不同種Wehavedifferentkindsofheight.9.MayItakeyourorder?請(qǐng)問你可以點(diǎn)菜了嗎？takeone’sorder點(diǎn)菜，May在這里表示委婉語氣10.一些any用于疑問句和否定句，some用于肯定句例：Arethereanyvegetablesinthebeefsoup?Therearesometomatoes.11.with+名詞可表示伴隨狀態(tài)，意思為：有…例：We’dlikegongbaochickenwithrice.我們想要帶有米飯的宮保雞丁。12．gongbaochicken宮保雞丁mapotofu麻婆豆腐13.that’sright對(duì)的14.可數(shù)名詞【C】，bowls,carrots,strawberries,tomatoes,potatoes15.不可數(shù)名詞【U】+謂語動(dòng)詞單數(shù)例：beef/meat/milk/mutton/wateris…16.有些單詞作物質(zhì)時(shí)不可數(shù)，作個(gè)體時(shí)可數(shù)例：chicken，小雞可數(shù)，雞肉不可數(shù)salad一盤沙拉可數(shù)，單指沙拉這種物質(zhì)不可數(shù)ice-cream一杯冰激凌可數(shù)，單指冰激凌這種物質(zhì)不可數(shù)cabbage一顆卷心菜植物可數(shù)，做餐桌上蔬菜這種物質(zhì)時(shí)不可數(shù)17.muttonnoodles蘑菇面條greentea綠茶orangejuice橙汁18.Whatsizesdoyouhave?Wehavelarge,mediumandsmallbowls.19.OrderForm訂單表20.aroundtheworld全世界21.oneone’sbirthday,具體到某一天用介詞in22.Theanswerwouldbedifferentindifferentcountries.23.havebirthdaycakes=eatbirthdaycakes24with+n表伴隨，意思是“帶有…”例：Peoplehavebirthdaycakeswithcandles.25.thenumberof…的數(shù)量，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)例：Thenumberofthegirlsinourclassis21.區(qū)分anumberof大量的，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)例：Anumberofgirlsinourclasslikesinginganddancing.26.must情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后接動(dòng)詞原型27.makeawish許愿blowout吹滅Thebirthdaypersonmushmakeawishandblowoutthecandles.28在if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，主句用一般將來時(shí)，則從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來，簡稱“主將從現(xiàn)”。簡單理解條件狀語從句：意思為“如果…，就…”的句子叫條件狀語從句，if引導(dǎo)的部分叫從句，另一部分叫主句。例：Ifheorsheblowsoutallthecandlesinonego,thewishwillcometrue.①blowout吹滅②inonego=atonego一口氣例：Shecaneattenbowlsofnoodlesin/atonego.③haveago=haveatry試一試?yán)篠hewantstohaveago.④cometrue,意為“實(shí)現(xiàn)”。主語只能為物，不能是人。Yourwishwillcometrue.29.putin把…放在…例：Peoplesometimesputacandyinabirthdaycake.30liketodosth喜歡做某事31.Theythinkseaweedsoupisgoodforhealth.賓語從句①begoodfor對(duì)…有益②bebadfor對(duì)…有害處③區(qū)分begoodat擅長…④begoodat=dowellin例：SheisgoodatEnglish.=ShedoeswellinEnglish.31.在英語中，為避免“頭重腳輕”，常用it作形式主語替代真正主語,it作形式主語時(shí)本身無意義，句子真正的主語時(shí)todo不定式例：①Itisdifficulttocrosstherivertogettoschool.②Itisgettingpopulartohavecakeonone’sbirthday.①②句中，It作形式主語，真正主語時(shí)劃線部分。32.longnoodles長壽面longlife長生不老33.asymbolof象征…\例：Theyareasymbleoflifeandgoodluck.34bring帶來bringtotake帶走bringsbsth=bringsthtosb.Unit3Howwasyourschooltrip?一般過去時(shí)1)定義：發(fā)生在過去的習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)。標(biāo)志詞：yesterday，thedaybeforeyesterday,lastyear/week/day,twodaysago,justnow,in2015,amomentago2)陳述句：She/He/You+V過去式She/he+wasYou+were3）一般疑問句：①Didshe/he/youdosth?肯定回答：Yes,she/he/Idid.否定回答：No,she/he/Ididn’t.②Wasshe/he+名詞/形容詞?Wereyou+名詞/形容詞肯定回答：Yes,she/hewas.Yes,Iwere.否定回答：no,she/hewasn’t.No,Iwerenot.4）動(dòng)詞過去式，分兩類：①規(guī)則的②不規(guī)則的①規(guī)則的一般加ed,如talk-talked,play-played,visit-visited,climb-climbed以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加d,如milk-milked,hope-hoped以“元音字母(a,e,i,o,u)+y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，直接加ed,如played,enjoyed以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變y為i，加ed,如study-studied,worry-worried②不規(guī)則的go-went,take-took,have-had,buy-bought,eat-ate,see-saw,hang-hungmeet-met,win-won,sleep-slept,put-put,come-came,wake-woke,read-read,do-did,stop-stopped,drop-dropped.prefer-preferred問題question,多與ask連用，askquestionsproblem,多與solve連用，solvetheproblem3.①learnabout學(xué)習(xí)關(guān)于…例：Carollearnedalotaboutfarming.②learnfromsbtosth4.growapples種蘋果例：thefarmersgrowapplesfromDec.toJune.takesthhome,不是takesthtohome把…帶回家例：Shetookthemhome.itwasexcellent.inthecountry在鄉(xiāng)下Ivisitedmygrandparents~.8.itwassomuchfun.9.Iwatchedthestarsatnight.10.luckyyou你真走運(yùn)Lulily幸運(yùn)地，例：luckily，itdidnotrain.11.some,any作“一些”意思時(shí)，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句，疑問句但是，some可用于委婉句中，any作任何意思時(shí)可用于肯定句。例：Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?Youcantakeanybookhome.showsbaround帶領(lǐng)某人參觀…例：Canyoushowmearoundyourschool?showsbsth=showsthtosbbringsbsth=bringsthtosbonshow,在展覽13havefun=haveagood/wonderful/greattime玩的高興，過的愉快havefundoingsthclimbamountain爬山firestationgofishingrideahorseseesomepaintingsdrawpicturessciencemuseum科技博物館interesting令人感興趣的，修飾物例aninterestingbookinterested人感到有興趣的，修飾人例sheisinterestedinthebook.類似的詞還有boring，bored，excited，excitingbe/takeinterestedin+n/prep/ving例：Sheisinterestedindancing.18到這里，gothere,不能加to,因there為表地點(diǎn)的副詞，前面不可加to,類似gohere/home19atthemuseum在博物館Unit4Whatdidyoudolastweekend?一般過去時(shí)特殊疑問句，構(gòu)成形式：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句特殊疑問詞+was/were+句子剩余成分（形容詞或名詞）特殊疑問詞+did+主語+謂語例：①M(fèi)ytripwasgreat.(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)Howwasyourtrip?Hewasbornin2004.(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)Whenwasheborn?②Iswamyesterday.(swam是swim過去式，對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)Whatdidyoudoyesterday?Iwenttothecinemayesterday.(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)Whatdidyoudoyesterday?疑問詞：5個(gè)W+how+howlong+howfar5個(gè)W及①when（表時(shí)間，意為什么時(shí)候）、②where（表地點(diǎn)，意為什么地點(diǎn)）、③who（表人，意為誰）、④What（表什么，意為）、⑤why（表原因,意為為什么）、⑥how（表方式，意為怎樣）7、howlong(表時(shí)間，意為多久)8、howfar（表距離，意為多遠(yuǎn)）例：①Whenwassheborn?②Wheredidshegojustnow?③Whodidshevisitjustnow?④Whatdidshedoyesterday?⑤Whydidhedothat?⑥Howdidhesing?7、Howlongdidittakeyoutogettoschool?8、Howfarwasitfromyourhometoyourschool?知識(shí)點(diǎn)gotothecinema=gotothemovies看電影campbythelake在湖邊露營gotothebeach去海灘playbadminton打羽毛球dosports做運(yùn)動(dòng)studyforEnglishtest為英語考試而學(xué)習(xí)feedsomesheep/cows/chickenswhatabout+n/Ving?=howabout+n/Ving?,表建議、邀請(qǐng)、詢問Whataboutgoingtothebeach?=Howaboutgoingtothebeach?Howinteresting!多么有趣?。。ǜ袊@句）what+（a/an）+名詞+主語+謂語！how+adj/adv+主語+謂語！例：Whatafoolgirlsheis!=Howfoolsheis!Whatcoolweatheritis!=Howcooltheweatheris!butterfly復(fù)數(shù)，變y為i，加es,butterfliestell過去式told①tellsbaboutsth告訴某人關(guān)于某事②tellsb(not)todosth告訴某人做某事③tellstories/jokes將故事，講笑話④telleachotherstories互相講故事例：①Itoldyouaboutj