中考英語(yǔ)常考句型及語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)

中考英語(yǔ)?？季湫图罢Z(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)句型1There+be+主語(yǔ)+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)/時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)例句：There'saboatintheriver.河里有條船。句型2Howdoyoulike...?例句：HowdoyoulikeChina?你覺(jué)得中國(guó)怎么樣?句型3What'swrongwith+sb./sth.?例句：What'swrongwithyourwatch?你的手表有什么毛病?句型4Whatdoyoulikeabout...?例句：WhatdoyoulikeaboutChina?你喜歡中國(guó)的什么?句型5hadbetter(not)+動(dòng)詞原形例句：You'dbetteraskthatpolicemanoverthere.你最好去問(wèn)問(wèn)那邊的那個(gè)警察。句型6How+adj./adv.+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!Whata/an+adj.+n.+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!例句：Howcolditistoday!今天多冷啊!句型7Thank+sb.+for(doing)sth.例句：Thankyouforcomingtoseeme.感謝你來(lái)看我。句型8So+be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)例句：Heisastudent.SoamI.他是一個(gè)學(xué)生，我也是。句型9...not...until...例句：Hedidn'thavesupperuntilhisparentscameback.直到他的父母回來(lái)他才吃飯。句型10比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)例句：Thebabycriedharderandharder.那孩子哭得越來(lái)越厲害。句型11the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)例句：Themoreonehas，themoreonewants.越有越貪。句型12...as+adj./adv.+as...…notas(so)+adj./adv.+as...例句：Doyouthinkthatartisasimportantasmusic?你認(rèn)為藝術(shù)和音樂(lè)一樣重要嗎?句型13more/less+adj.+than...例句：Ithinkartislessimportantthanmusic.我認(rèn)為藝術(shù)不如音樂(lè)重要。句型14stop…fromdoingsth.例句：TheGreatGreenWallwillstopthewindfromblowingtheearthaway.綠色長(zhǎng)城將阻擋風(fēng)吹走土壤。句型15both...and...例句：BothyouandIarestudents.我和你都是學(xué)生。句型16either...or...例句：Eitheryouorheiswrong.不是你錯(cuò)就是他錯(cuò)。句型17neither...nor...例句：NeitherhenorIamastudent.我和他都不是學(xué)生。句型18...assoonas...例句：AssoonasIseehim，I'llgivehimthemessage.我一見(jiàn)到他，我就把你的消息告訴他。句型19...so+adj./adv.+that...例句：IwassotiredthatIdidn'twanttospeak.我累得連話也不想說(shuō)了。句型20Though...+主句例句：ThoughIlikewritingtomypen-friend，ittakesalotoftime.雖然我喜歡給筆友寫信，但它要耗費(fèi)我大量時(shí)間。句型21begoingto例句：ThisafternoonI'mgoingtobuyaQisuEnglishbook.今天下午我要去買本奇速英語(yǔ)書。句型22bedifferentfrom例句：IthinkthisisdifferentfromChinesenames.我認(rèn)為這與漢語(yǔ)名字不同。句型23Welcome(back)to...例句：Welcomebacktoschool!歡迎回到學(xué)校!句型24havefundoing例句：We'regoingtohavefunlearningandspeakingEnglishthisterm.這學(xué)期我們將興味盎然地學(xué)習(xí)和講英語(yǔ)。句型25...because.../...，so...例句：Idon'tknowallyournamesbecausethisisourfirstlesson.因?yàn)檫@是我們的第一節(jié)課，所以我并不知道你們所有人的名字。句型26What'swrongwith+sb./sth.?例句：Whydon'tyoucometoschoolalittleearlier?為什么不早點(diǎn)到校呢?句型27makeit例句：Let'smakeithalfpastnine.讓我們定在九點(diǎn)半吧!句型28havenothingtodo例句：Theyhavenothingtodoeveryday.他們每天無(wú)所事事。句型29besure/besureof/aboutsth/besuretodosb.例句：Ithinkso,butI'mnotsure.我想是這樣，但不敢確定。句型30between...and...例句：Thereisashopbetweenthehospitalandtheschool.在那家醫(yī)院和學(xué)校之間有一家商店。句型31keepsb./sth.+adj./V-ing/adv.例句：Youmustkeepyourclassroomclean.你們必須保持教室干凈。Sorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.對(duì)不起讓你久等。句型32find+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)例句：Hefindsitveryhardtotravelaroundthebigcity.他發(fā)現(xiàn)要環(huán)游這個(gè)大城市是很難的。句型33...not...anymore/longer例句：Theoldmandoesn'ttravelanymore.這位老人不再旅行了。句型34What'stheweatherlike...?例句：What'stheweatherlikeinspringinyourhometown?在你們家鄉(xiāng)春天天氣怎么樣?句型35notimetodo例句：Therewasnotimetothink.沒(méi)有時(shí)間思考。句型36Helponeselfto...例句：Helpyourselftosomefish.吃魚吧！句型37between...and...例句：Iusedtoreadthiskindofstorybooks.我過(guò)去常讀這種故事書。句型38borrow...from例句：IborrowedaQisuEnglishbookfromhim.我從他那借了一本奇速英語(yǔ)書。句型39lendsb.sth./lendsth.tosb.例句：Helentmeastorybook/Helentastorybooktome.他借了本故事書給我。句型40havebeento例句：HaveyoueverbeentoHawaii?你曾去過(guò)夏威夷嗎?句型41havegoneto例句：Where'she？He'sgonetoWashington.他在哪兒？他去華盛頓了。句型42befamousfor例句：Hawaiiisfamousforitsbeautifulbeaches.夏威夷以它美麗的海灘而出名。句型43Nomatter+疑問(wèn)句+主句例句：Nomatterwhenyoucome，youarewelcomed.無(wú)論你們什么時(shí)候來(lái)，都受歡迎。句型44beafraid(of/todo/that...)例句：Don'tbeafraidofmakingmistakeswhenspeakingEnglish.當(dāng)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)時(shí)不要害怕犯錯(cuò)誤。句型45...as...aspossible/...as...assbcan例句：Ihopetoseehimassoonaspossible.我希望能盡快見(jiàn)到他。句型46beworth(doing)…例句：Thisbookisworthreading.這本書值得讀。句型47It'ssaidthat...例句：It'ssaidthatoneofthemostdangeroussharksistheGreatWhiteShark.據(jù)說(shuō)最危險(xiǎn)的鯊魚之一是大白鯊。句型48Notall/everyone...例句：Notallsharksarealike.并不是所有的鯊魚都一樣。句型49bebasedon例句：Hisargumentisbasedonfacts.他的論斷是以事實(shí)為根據(jù)的。中考英語(yǔ)：語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)講練-被語(yǔ)動(dòng)態(tài)一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，表示主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的具體關(guān)系，分為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)兩種。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種特殊形式，一般來(lái)說(shuō)，只有需要?jiǎng)幼鲗?duì)象的及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。漢語(yǔ)往往用“被、受、給”等被動(dòng)詞來(lái)表示被動(dòng)意義。其結(jié)構(gòu)是由“助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞done”構(gòu)成的。be本身無(wú)詞義，但有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化，其變化與時(shí)態(tài)中的變化一致。各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)表（以動(dòng)詞do為例）：時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/are+

doneTheclassroomiscleanedbyus.教室被我們打掃。一般過(guò)去時(shí)was/were+

doneThekitewasmadebyhimyesterday.昨天，風(fēng)箏被他制作。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are+

being+

doneFlowersarebeingwateredbyher.花兒現(xiàn)在正在被她澆?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has

+been+

doneTheworkhasbeenfinishedbyJim.工作已經(jīng)被做完。一般將來(lái)時(shí)will/shall/begoingto

+

bedoneTreeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrow.明天，樹將被他們種。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were

+

being+

doneAletterwasbeingwrittenbyheratthistimeyesterday.昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候一封信正在被寫。過(guò)去完成時(shí)had+

been+doneTheworkhadbeenfinishedbyJim.工作早已經(jīng)被他完成了。含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may/must

+be+doneHecanbefoundbyme.他不能被發(fā)現(xiàn)。二、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法1.不知道或沒(méi)有必要指出誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例：Thebridgewasbuiltlastyear.這座橋是去年建造的。Hewaselectedchairman.他被選為主席。2.當(dāng)更加強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)。此時(shí)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者由by引導(dǎo)置于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后，不需要時(shí)可以省略。例：Theroomhasn’tbeencleanedyet.房間還沒(méi)有打掃。Thetigerwaskilledbyhim.老虎被他殺死了。3.當(dāng)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者不是人時(shí)，多用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例：Thewindowwasblownbywind.窗戶被風(fēng)吹開了。Thewholevillagehasbeenwashedawaybytheflood.整個(gè)村莊都被洪水沖走了。一、考點(diǎn)：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)和用法。二、重難點(diǎn)：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義：1.英語(yǔ)中有很多動(dòng)詞如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，當(dāng)它們被用作不及物動(dòng)詞來(lái)描述主語(yǔ)特征時(shí)，常用其主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義，主語(yǔ)通常是物。例：Thiskindofclothwasheswell.這種布料很好洗。2.表示“發(fā)生、進(jìn)行”的不及物動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ)，如：happen,last,takeplace,breakout,comeout,cometrue,runout,giveout,turnout等，以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。例：Howdothenewspaperscomeout?這些報(bào)紙是如何引出來(lái)的呢？3.系動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)形式，但感官系動(dòng)詞feel,sound,taste,look,smell在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中常以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。例：Yourreasonsoundsreasonable.你的理由聽(tīng)起來(lái)很合理。三、易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：1.在使役動(dòng)詞have,make,get以及感官動(dòng)詞see,watch,notice,hear等后面不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)，在主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要加上介詞to。例：Thegreatnewsmadeherfeelhappy.可改為Shewasmadetofeelhappybythegreatnews.Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.可改為Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding.2.有些相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞詞組，如“動(dòng)詞＋介詞”，“動(dòng)詞＋副詞”等，也可以用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，但要把它們看作一個(gè)整體，不能分開。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。例：ThemeetingistobeputofftillFriday.這場(chǎng)會(huì)議將會(huì)推遲到周五。3.“動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，將賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)，其余不動(dòng)。例：Someonecaughttheboysmokingacigarette.可改為Theboywascaughtsmokingacigarette.4.有些動(dòng)詞可以有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，在用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，可以把主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，另一賓語(yǔ)仍然保留在謂語(yǔ)后面。通常變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)的是間接賓語(yǔ)。例：Hismothergavehimapresentforhisbirthday.可改為Hewasgivenapresentbyhismotherforhisbirthday.題模一：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例1.1.1主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Ihaveboughtaten-speedbicycle.____________________________________________例1.1.2主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Theoldmaniswateringflowersinthegarden.____________________________________________例1.1.3主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Theboyalwaysplaysthecomputergamesatnight.____________________________________________題模二：基本用法例1.2.1Theboy_________togetsupperreadyafterschool.A．weretoldB．istellingC．wastoldD．tells例1.2.2Thisdictionarymustn’t_________fromthelibrary.A．takeawayB．takenawayC．a(chǎn)retakenawayD．betakenaway隨練1.1將下列句子變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。1.Theythrewawaytheoldbookyesterday____________________________________________2.Hehadwrittenalettertohismother.____________________________________________3.Peoplehaveseenthebearinthisvillage.____________________________________________4.Theworkersarerepairingthebridge.___________________________________________5.Youshouldn’tbringdictionarytotheEnglishexam.___________________________________________隨練1.2Thiskindofbookssellswell.They_________already.A．soldoutB．havesoldoutC．a(chǎn)resoldoutD．havebeensoldout隨練1.3Yourcoatlooksnice.Isit_________wool?Yes.Itis_________Australia.A．madeof,makebyB．madeof,madeinC．madefor,madeinD．madefrom,madeby隨練1.4Thepizza_________bymymother.Wouldyouliketohavesome?A．makesB．wasmakingC．madeD．wasmade隨練1.5Theclassroommust_________everyday.A．bekeptcleanB．bekeptcleaningC．keepcleanedD．keepsclean隨練1.6A．talkonChinesehistory_________intheschoolhallnextweek.A．isgivenB．hasbeengivenC．willbegivenD．gives隨練1.7Ourhouse_________now.A．ispaintB．isbeingpaintedC．isgotpaintedD．hasgottopaint作業(yè)1將下列句子變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。1.Haveyoupostedthelettersyet?___________________________________________2.Imustdoalltheexerciseintime.___________________________________________3.Wearediscussingtheprojectatthemeeting.___________________________________________4.EveryyearourofficeholdsaflowershowintheparkinApril.___________________________________________5.Hehadfinishedtheworkbytheendoflastterm.___________________________________________作業(yè)2Mary_________showmehernewdictionaryyesterday.A．wasaskedtoB．hasaskedtoC．isaskedD．a(chǎn)sksto作業(yè)3ThePeople’sRepublicofChina_________onOctober1,1949.A．foundB．wasfoundedC．isfoundedD．wasfound作業(yè)4ThisEnglishsong_________bythegirlsafterclass.A．oftensingsB．oftensangC．isoftensangD．isoftensung作業(yè)5Wastepapershouldn’t_________here.A．throwB．bethrownC．tobethrownD．tothrow作業(yè)6Anewhouse_________atthecorneroftheroadnow.A．isbeingbuiltB．isbuildingC．beenbuiltD．bebuild作業(yè)7Hisnewbook_________nextmonth.A．isbeingpublishedB．ispublishingC．willbepublishedD．hasbeenpublished答案解析題模一：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例1.1.1【答案】A．ten-speedbicyclehasbeenboughtbyme.【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)是has/havebeendone。例1.1.2【答案】Theflowersarebeingwateredinthegardenbytheoldman.【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)是is/are/am+beingdone。例1.1.3【答案】Thecomputergamesareplayedbytheboyatnight.【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)是am/is/are+done。題模二：基本用法例1.2.1【答案】C【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。再由句意可知是男孩被告知去做某事，was+done。故選C。例1.2.2【答案】D【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。再由句意可知是字典禁止從圖書館被帶走。含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)mustn’t+be+done。故選D。隨練1.1【答案】1.Theoldbookwasthrownbythemyesterday.2.A．letterhadbeenwrittentohisfatherbyhim.3.Thebearhasbeenseenbythepeopleonthisvillage.4.Thebridgeisbeingrepairedbytheworkers.5.Thedictionaryshouldn’tbebroughttotheEnglishexam.【解析】1.考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)was/were+done。2.考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)hadbeen+done。3.考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)has/havebeen+done。4.考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)is/am/are+being+done。5.考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)shouldn’t+bedone。隨練1.2【答案】D【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。already是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，并且books與sellout是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。再由句意“這種書賣的很好。他們已經(jīng)被賣光了?！笨芍蔬xD。隨練1.3【答案】B【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。bemadeof由…制成，bemadein在…國(guó)家被做。再由句意“—你的外套看起來(lái)很漂亮，它是由毛制成的嗎？—是的，它被產(chǎn)于澳大利亞?！笨芍?，故選B。隨練1.4【答案】D【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。pizza與make是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。再由句意“披薩被媽媽做（過(guò)去的時(shí)間），您想要吃一些嗎？可知，故選D。隨練1.5【答案】A【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。含有情態(tài)