2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit2MoralsandVirtuesSectionⅡDiscoveringUsefulStructures學(xué)案含解析新人教版必修第三冊(cè)

PAGEUnit2MoralsandVirtuesSectionⅡDiscoveringUsefulStructures單元語(yǔ)法精析動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥英語(yǔ)中分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞兩種?，F(xiàn)在分詞由“動(dòng)詞＋-ing”形式構(gòu)成，在句子中可以作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)?，F(xiàn)在分詞的基本形式如下：及物動(dòng)詞(do)不及物動(dòng)詞(go)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般式doingbeingdonegoing完成式havingdonehavingbeendonehavinggone現(xiàn)在分詞一般式常表示該動(dòng)作與句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，而現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式則表示該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前。一、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ing形式置于某些及物動(dòng)詞和賓語(yǔ)之后，補(bǔ)充說明賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。在這種狀況下，及物動(dòng)詞通常是表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞。(2024·江蘇高考)AMexicanfarmerwassurprisedtoseesmokerisingfromasmallpartofhisland.一位墨西哥農(nóng)夫驚異地發(fā)覺從他的一小塊地里冒出了煙。IfeltmyheartbeatingviolentlywhenIwasseeingthe70thanniversaryoffoundationofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.我看中華人民共和國(guó)成立70周年慶典的時(shí)候，感到心潮澎湃。1．動(dòng)詞-ing形式在感官動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)在see，hear，feel，watch，notice等感官動(dòng)詞后，用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)過程或一種狀態(tài)。Inthecrowdedcafe,Iheardafriendlyvoicesaying,“Youcansharemytable.”在一個(gè)擁擠的咖啡館，我聽到一個(gè)友好的聲音在說：“你可以和我坐一桌?！盚esawagirlwanderingonthestreetthistimeyesterday.他昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候看到一個(gè)女孩正在街上閑逛。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(M))名師點(diǎn)津在see，hear，feel，watch，notice等感官動(dòng)詞后，既可用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，也可用省略to的不定式構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，兩者之間有肯定的區(qū)分。用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；用省略to的不定式時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生了，即動(dòng)作的全過程結(jié)束了。Todayonmywayhome,Isawamanrunningalongthestreethurriedly.今日在我回家的路上，我看到一個(gè)男人正匆忙從街上跑過。Isawhimentertheroomandtakesomethingaway.我看到他進(jìn)入房間，并帶著東西離開了。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(J))即學(xué)即練完成句子①I__noticed__athiefstealingmoneyfromtheoldwoman’spocketyesterday.昨天我留意到一個(gè)小偷正在從那位上年紀(jì)的女士口袋里偷錢。②She__heardsomeoneknocking__atthedoor.她聽到有人在敲門。③He__sawagirlgetonthecaranddriveoff__.他望見一個(gè)女孩上車把車開走了。④Canyou__hearhersinging__thesonginthenextroom?你能聽見她在隔壁唱歌嗎？2．動(dòng)詞-ing形式在使役動(dòng)詞賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)中的運(yùn)用使役動(dòng)詞接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示“讓……始終做某事”。It’scold.Weshouldhavethefireburningallthetime.天氣冷。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)讓火始終燃燒著。Iwon’thaveyourunningaboutintheroom.我不允許你在房間里跑來跑去。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(M))名師點(diǎn)津(1)have/get＋賓語(yǔ)＋done，done是過去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。包括兩層意思：①讓別人去做某事Hewillhave/getthecomputerrepairedtomorrow.他明天讓人給他修電腦。②(主語(yǔ))遭遇到(意外的損失或不幸)Hehad/gothiscomputerstolentheotherday.前幾天他的電腦被偷了。(2)have＋賓語(yǔ)＋dosth.意思是“讓某人去干某事”Motherhasmegototheshoptobuysomefruit.媽媽讓我去商店買一些水果。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(M))名師點(diǎn)津leave(使……處于某種狀態(tài))，keep(使……保持某種狀態(tài))后一般跟分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，而不跟動(dòng)詞不定式。Manyteacherskeepparentsinformedofchildren’sperformanceinthekindergartenbysharingvideosonWeChat.許多老師通過在微信上共享視頻讓家長(zhǎng)知曉孩子們?cè)谟變簣@的表現(xiàn)。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(J))即學(xué)即練用所給單詞的正確形式填空①M(fèi)rSmithsuggestedagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglish__improved__(improve)inashortperiod.②Don’tleavethewater__running__(run)whileyoubrushyourteeth.③Motherhasthelittlegirl__play__(play)thepianothisafternoon.④Heneededtohavesomepaperwork__delivered__(deliver)acrossthecountrythenextday.3．現(xiàn)在分詞在with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中的應(yīng)用在with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，現(xiàn)在分詞充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表動(dòng)作“正在進(jìn)行”。Singing“Youdon’tknowlove,FaHai”，shethrewthetortoiseintotheriver,withtearsfillinghereyes.她唱著《法海你不懂愛》，把那只烏龜扔進(jìn)了河里，眼里滿是淚水。(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)DoesKilimanjarodeserveitsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeace?乞力馬扎羅山是一座擁擠的山，擠滿了成群的游客，破壞了它安靜的氣氛，它應(yīng)得這樣的聲譽(yù)嗎？eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(M))名師點(diǎn)津在with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，也可以運(yùn)用不定式和過去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked.整個(gè)下午他都鎖著門在房里工作。Ican’tgooutwithalltheseclothestowash.要洗這些衣服，我無法出去了。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(J))即學(xué)即練用所給單詞的正確形式填空①Ilovemyschoolwithstudents__working__(work)hardtorealizetheirdreamsandteachers__helping__(help)uslikeourparents.②(2024·江蘇高考)China’simageisimprovingsteadily,withmorecountries__recognizing__(recognize)itsroleininternationalaffairs.③WithChristmas__approaching__(approach),aChristmaspartywillbeheldintheschool.二、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ing形式可以作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞，在句中表示時(shí)間、緣由、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、行為方式或伴隨狀況等。-ing形式作時(shí)間、緣由、條件、讓步狀語(yǔ)時(shí)多位于句首；作結(jié)果、伴隨狀況狀語(yǔ)時(shí)常位于句末。SwallowingLittleRedHat,thewolfwenttobedandslept.大灰狼吞下了小紅帽，然后上床睡覺了。(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))IfeelproudknowingyourinterestinChinesehistory.得知你對(duì)中國(guó)歷史感愛好我很興奮。(緣由狀語(yǔ))1．動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示時(shí)間。Walkinginthepark，shesawanoldfriend.＝When/While(shewas)walkinginthepark，shesawanoldfriend.當(dāng)她在公園里漫步時(shí)，她看到了她的一個(gè)老摯友。(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Hearingthesestories,I’mskepticalabouttheplace.(＝WhenIheardthesestories...)當(dāng)我聽到這些故事的時(shí)候，我對(duì)這個(gè)地方有點(diǎn)懷疑。2．動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示緣由。Notknowinghisaddress,Ican’tsendthisbooktohim.(＝AsIdon’tknowhisaddress...)因?yàn)椴恢浪牡刂?，我不能把這本書寄給他。3．動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示結(jié)果。Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.(＝...andlefthimalotofmoney.)他父親死了，留給他很多錢。4．動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示條件。Goingstraightdowntheroad,youwillfindthedepartmentstore.(＝Ifyougostraightdowntheroad...)順著這條路始終走，你就會(huì)發(fā)覺那家百貨商店。5．動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示讓步。Beingtired,theywentonworking.(Althoughtheyweretired...)盡管很累了，可他們接著工作。6．動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示行為方式、伴隨狀況或補(bǔ)充說明。Helayonthegrass,staringattheskyforalongtime.(＝...andstaredattheskyforalongtime.)他躺在草地上，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地望著天空。7．作方式狀語(yǔ)Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews.他跑回來告知我這個(gè)消息。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(M))名師點(diǎn)津非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，假如供應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞不能和句子中的主語(yǔ)保持一樣，動(dòng)詞-ing形式必需有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，通常由名詞或代詞來?yè)?dān)當(dāng)，這就是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。Thelastbushavinggone,wehadtowalkhome.末班車已經(jīng)開走了，我們不得不走回家。(havinggone的邏輯主語(yǔ)是thelastbus，而不是we)Weatherpermitting,thefootballmatchwillbeplayedonFriday.天氣允許的話，足球賽將在周五實(shí)行。(permitting的邏輯主語(yǔ)是time，而不是thefootballmatch)eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(J))即學(xué)即練用所給單詞的正確形式填空①__Havingfinished__(finish)hishomework,hewasplayingontheplayground.②__Studying__(study)hard,youaresuretogetfirstprize.③Peopleuseplasticintheirdailylife,__leaving__(leave)largeamountsofwaste.④__Working__(work)hardatyourlessons,youaretosucceed.⑤Theoldman,__havingworked__(work)abroadfortwentyyears,isonthewaybacktohismotherland.語(yǔ)法專練Ⅰ．用括號(hào)中動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Yesterday，anotherstudentandI，__representing__(represent)ouruniversity’sstudentassociation，wenttotheCapitalInternationalAirporttomeetthisyear’sinternationalstudents.2．Istoodforaminute__watching__(watch)themandthenwenttogreetthem.3．Shesteppedback__appearing__(appear)surprisedandputupherhands，asifindefence.4．ThenAkiraNagatafromJapancamein__smiling__(smile)．5．Justatthatmoment，however，AkirabowedsohisnosetouchedGeorge’s__moving__(move)hand.6．__Notknowing__(notknow)anythingabouttheaccident，hewenttoworkasusual.7．Theoldmansatunderthetree__listening__(listen)totheradio.8．__Turning__(turn)totheright，youwillfindthepostofficeyou’relookingfor.9．__Havingbeenheld__(hold)backbythetrafficjam，shecouldn’tgetthereontime.10．__Havingbeentaken__(take)tohospitalintime，thelittlegirlinfectedwithbirdfluwassavedatlast.Ⅱ．完成句子1．While__workinginthefactory__，hewasanadvancedworker.在工廠工作時(shí)，他是一名先進(jìn)工人。2．I__noticedamanrunning__outofthebankwhenIgotoffthecar.我下車的時(shí)候留意到一個(gè)男人正從銀行里跑出來。3．__Seeingthosepictures__，sherememberedherchildhood.看到那些畫，她想起了自己的童年。4．I__feltmyheartbeating__violently.我覺得我的心在猛烈地跳動(dòng)。5．__Havingmadefullpreparations__，wearereadyfortheexamination.我們已經(jīng)作好了充分打算，現(xiàn)在可以考了。6．__Withanotherproblemappearing__，manycustomersaredissatisfied.隨著另一個(gè)問題的出現(xiàn)，很多消費(fèi)者不滿足了。7．__Notknowingthegoldcoinshiddenunderthestone__，manypeopledidn’tattempttomoveit.由于不知道石頭底下藏著金幣，很多人都沒有嘗試去搬走它。8．Youcan’t__haveyoursonstudying__alldaylongattheweekend.你不能讓你的兒子周末成天待在家里學(xué)習(xí)。9．Ithasrainedforovertendays,__causingtherivertorise__.下了十多天雨，致使河水上漲。10．Theyshouldnot__leaveuswondering__whattheywilldonext.他們不應(yīng)當(dāng)不讓我們知道他們下一步要做什么。Ⅱ．語(yǔ)法主題應(yīng)用依據(jù)下面漢語(yǔ)提示寫一篇小短文。1．在回