2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit4Everydayeconomics教學(xué)知識(shí)細(xì)解碼教用文檔教案外研版選擇性必修第四冊(cè)

PAGEUnit4Everydayeconomics1．blankadj.無表情的→blanklyadv.茫然地；沒有表情地→blanknessn．空白；空虛2．potentialn．潛力；可能性→potentialityn．潛力→potentiallyadv.潛在地3．enterprisen．企業(yè)；事業(yè)；事業(yè)心→enterprisingadj.有創(chuàng)業(yè)精神的4．distributev．分發(fā)；安排→distributionn．分銷→distributorn．經(jīng)銷商→distributiveadj.安排的5．guidev．指導(dǎo)；引導(dǎo)→guidancen．指導(dǎo)；引導(dǎo)6．consultv．詢問→consultantn．顧問1．blankadj.空白的；沒表情的；茫然的；完全的；徹底的①Sheturnedtoablankpageinhernotebook. 空白的②StevelookedblankandsaidhehadnoideawhatIwastalkingabout.茫然的③Hereceivedablankrefusal. 徹底的2．distributionn．安排，分布；分發(fā)，分送；(商品)運(yùn)銷，經(jīng)銷，分銷①Themapshowsthedistributionofthisspeciesacrosstheworld.分布②Thedistributionofthingsinvolvesgivingordeliveringthemtoanumberofpeopleorplaces. 分發(fā)，分送③Worldwidedistributionsystemsaredevelopingfast.運(yùn)銷，經(jīng)銷WordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)1)seatn．座位，坐處(如椅子等)；有……座位的；有……座的；(椅子等的)座部v.向……供應(yīng)座位；(使)就座；坐；落座；可坐……人；能容納……人[教材P38]Shecouldn't，however，hidethelineofsweatrunningdownherforehead，whichwascausedpartlybytheheatofthetelevisionstudio，butmorebyfearofthefourpeopleseatedinfrontofher.然而，她無法掩蓋額頭上流淌著的那道汗水，一部分是由于電視演播室的高溫造成的，但更多的是因?yàn)槟懬?坐在她前面的四個(gè)人。[例1]Therearenoseatsleftonthatflight.那次航班沒座位了。[例2]Heseatedhimselfbehindthedesk.他在書桌后面坐下。[造句]他坐在杰克和湯姆之間。HeisseatedbetweenJackandTom.[學(xué)問拓展](1)have/takeaseat 請(qǐng)坐reserveaseat 預(yù)訂座位beontheedgeofyourseat 心情驚慌地等待；興奮地等待某事beinthedrivingseat 操縱，掌管，處于限制地位(2)beseated 就座stay/remainseated 接著坐著seatoneselfbeside/in/on 坐在……旁邊/里面/上面seatsb.on/near 支配某人坐在某處[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Pleasebeseated(seat)sowecanbeginourmeeting.②Hewavedtowardsachair，andseated(seat)himselfatthedesk.③Thegamehadthecrowdontheedgeoftheirseats(心情驚慌)．eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)2)blankadj.空白的；沒表情的；茫然的；完全的；徹底的[教材P38]Theystaredback，theirblankfacesgivingnoclueastowhattheywouldsaynext.他們回頭看了看，從他們沒有表情的臉上根本看不出接下來他們會(huì)說什么。[例1]Shestaredatmewithablankexpressiononherface.她一臉木然地盯著我。[例2]Helookedatheroutofblackblankeyesthatmadenoopportunityforhertospeak.他那雙黑眼睛茫然地望著她，不給她開口的機(jī)會(huì)。[造句]我的腦子一片空白。Mymindwenttotallyblank.[學(xué)問拓展]goblank (腦子)一片空白drawablank 無回音；無結(jié)果；無收獲blankout 突然變空blanksth.out 掩蓋；遮蓋；刻意遺忘；抹去記憶[即學(xué)即練]完成句子/單句語法填空①Sofar，thepoliceinvestigationhasdrawnablank(沒有收獲)．②Iwastryingtoblankoutprevioussituationsfrommymind.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)3)endup結(jié)果為……；以……結(jié)束[教材P38]Zhangneverthoughtthatthiswassomethingshewouldendupdoing.張?jiān)聫臎]想過她最終會(huì)從事這樣的工作。[例1]Theresultwasthattheengineendedupatthebottomofthecanal.結(jié)果引擎最終沉到了運(yùn)輸河底。[例2]Ifyoudon'tknowwhatyouwant，youmightendupgettingsomethingyoudon'twant.假如你不知道自己想要什么，到頭來你可能得非所愿。[造句]假如你接著那樣花錢，你很快就會(huì)負(fù)債累累。Youwillsoonendupindebtifyoukeeponspendingmoneythatway.[學(xué)問拓展](1)endupdoingsth. 最終以做某事結(jié)束end(up)in 以……告終；結(jié)果為……end(up)with 以……結(jié)束(指以某種方式結(jié)束)endupas 最終成為……(2)cometoanend 結(jié)束put/bringanendto 結(jié)束……intheend 最終，最終onend 直立；直立著；連續(xù)地make(both)endsmeet 使收支相抵；量入為出[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Whilestudying，fixyourmindonwhatisreallyimportant，oryouwillendupremembering(remember)nothing.②Andersenwasbornintoapoorfamily，butendedupasoneofthegreatestwritersofhistime.③ThelectureendedupwithapoemofanancientChinesepoet.④Ifweneglectourfuture，we'llendupinfailure.⑤Thedoctor'smotivewastobringanendtohispatient'ssuffering(結(jié)束病人的苦痛)．⑥Heisawonderfulcompanionandwecantalkforhoursonend(我們可以連續(xù)聊上好幾個(gè)小時(shí))．[小片段填空]Asachildhewishedtobecomeasportsman，butheendedupasasinger.Heoftenthrewpartieswhereheusuallybeganwithcakesandendedupwithsweets.Hebecameveryfat.Hetriedmanywaystoloseweight，endingupgaining(gain)weightsoonagain.Itoldhimnottoholdapartyagainandifhedidn'tfollowmyadvice，hewouldendupinfailure.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)4)surroundvt.圍繞；環(huán)繞[教材P38]Surroundedbyrosesasshewasgrowingup，shepaidthemlittleattention.即便她是在玫瑰叢中長(zhǎng)大的，卻很少留意到它們。[例1]Whenthecarstoppedinthetownsquareitwassurroundedbysoldiersandmilitiamen.汽車停在城鎮(zhèn)廣場(chǎng)時(shí)就被士兵和民兵包圍了。[例2]AsachildIwassurroundedbyloveandkindness.幼年時(shí)我備受關(guān)愛。[造句]我須要一些人立即包圍這所房子。Ineedsomepeopletosurroundthishouserightnow.[學(xué)問拓展](1)surroundsb./sth.with... 使某人/某物被……包圍surroundoneselfwithsb./sth. 喜愛結(jié)交(某類人)；喜愛身邊總有(某類東西)(2)surroundingadj. 四周的surroundingsn. 四周的事物；環(huán)境(通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式)[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Thetreessurrounding(surround)thelakewereplantedbythesoldierstenyearsago.②Iliketosurround(surround)myselfwithbeautifulthings.③Surrounded(surround)byadozenofchildren，thewomanhappilycelebratedher80thbirthday.[小片段填空]Asafamouspopstar，helovesbeingsurroundedbysomanyfanscomingtovisithimfromthesurroundingtowns.Andhealsolikesbeautifulsurroundingswithgreentreesandflowers，becausehecangetmuchmorepleasurefromnature.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)5)potentialn．可能性；潛在性；潛力；潛質(zhì)adj.潛在的；可能的[教材P38]ItwasonlyaftergraduatingfromuniversityoverseasandreturningtovisitherparentsthatZhangrealisedthepotential.直到從海外高校畢業(yè)回國(guó)探望父母后，張?jiān)虏乓庾R(shí)到這一潛力。[例1]TheEuropeanmarketplaceoffersexcellentpotentialforincreasingsales.歐洲市場(chǎng)帶來了擴(kuò)銷的大好機(jī)遇。[例2]Firstweneedtoidentifyactualandpotentialproblems.首先，我們須要弄清實(shí)際的問題和潛在的問題。[造句]他有潛力成為世界級(jí)的音樂家。Hehasthepotentialtobecomeaworld-classmusician.[學(xué)問拓展]thepotentialforsth. ……的可能性have/showpotential 有潛力/表現(xiàn)出潛力achieve/fulfil/realizeyourpotential 發(fā)揮潛力[即學(xué)即練]完成句子/單句語法填空①Allchildrenshouldbeencouragedtorealize/fulfil/achievetheirfullpotential(發(fā)揮潛力)．②Thepotentialforabuseinsuchasystemisenormous.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)6)presentvt.陳述；提出(觀點(diǎn)、支配等)；呈現(xiàn)；贈(zèng)送，頒發(fā)，介紹adj.出席的，在場(chǎng)的；現(xiàn)在的，目前的n．禮物；贈(zèng)品；現(xiàn)在[教材P39]LikeZhang，theypresenttheirideasinthehopeofgettinginvestmentandadvice...像張?jiān)乱粯?，他們提出自己的想法，希望得到投資和建議……[例1]Youneedtopresentyourselfbetter.你須要更擅長(zhǎng)展示自己。[例2]MayIpresentmyfiancétoyou?請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我向您介紹我的未婚夫。[造句]你須要更好地展示自己。Youneedtopresentyourselfbetter.[學(xué)問拓展](1)presentsb.withsth. 向某人贈(zèng)送某物presentsth.tosb. 向某人陳述某事；贈(zèng)送某人某物(2)bepresentat 出席……(3)atpresent＝atthepresenttime 目前，現(xiàn)在forthepresent 目前；就現(xiàn)在而言[即學(xué)即練]寫出下列句中present的含義①Thecompanypresentedamedaltohimonthedaywhenheretired.贈(zèng)予②Thepresentsituationistakingaturnforthebetter.當(dāng)前的③Howmanypeoplewerepresentatthemeetingyesterday？出席的④Thesenoteswillremindyouhowtopresentyourideas.陳述；提出⑤Wheneveryoubuyapresent，youshouldthinkaboutitfromthereceiver'spointofview.禮物[小片段填空]AllstudentswerepresentatthemeetingonTeachers'Day.Somestudentspresentedflowerstotherepresentativesofteachersasfestivalpresents．eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)7)purchasen．購買；選購 ；購買的東西；v.買；購買；選購 [教材P39]AfterIwentonTV，amajorAsianmanufacturerofcosmeticswaswillingtopurchasemyproductandhelpwithitsdistribution.我上了電視后，一家主要的亞洲化妝品制造商情愿購買我的產(chǎn)品并幫助我分銷。[例1]Weguaranteetorefundyourmoneyifyouarenotdelightedwithyourpurchase.若您對(duì)所購商品不滿足，我們保證退款。[例2]Hegavehissonsomemoneyforthepurchaseofhisschoolbooks.他給兒子一些錢購買學(xué)校的課本。[造句]我想買這件襯衫。Iwouldliketopurchasethisshirt，please.[學(xué)問拓展]makeapurchase 購買onspecialpurchase 特價(jià)出售purchaseprice 購買價(jià)格purchasingpower 購買力[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Thesebootsareonspecialpurchase.②Thepurchasingpowerofthedollar(美元的購買力)hasdeclined.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)8)consultantn．顧問[教材P39]...sheadvisesthatpeopleberealisticandseekguidancefromexpertconsultantsbeforerushingintothings.……她建議人們要現(xiàn)實(shí)一點(diǎn)，向內(nèi)行的顧問尋求指導(dǎo)，以免倉促行事。[例1]Thatcompanywantedtohirehimastheirconsultant，buthedeclinedfirmly.那家公司想雇他做顧問，但他堅(jiān)決拒絕了。[例2]Ourcompanydidn'thaveaspecialist，sowehiredaconsultant.我們的公司沒有專家，所以我們聘請(qǐng)了一位顧問。[造句]顧問將說明我們?cè)撊绾谓?jīng)營(yíng)我們的業(yè)務(wù)。Theconsultantwillexplainhowweshouldrunourbusiness.[學(xué)問拓展](1)consultv． 請(qǐng)教/詢問(2)consultsb.aboutsth. 向某人請(qǐng)教/詢問某事consultwithsb.aboutsth. 與某人商議/磋商某事consultadoctor 向醫(yī)生求診consultadictionary 查字典[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Whydidn'tyouconsultwithmeaboutsuchanimportantmatter?②BythetimeIarrivedattheward，myconsultant(consult)wasalreadythere.[小片段填空]Iama34-year-oldman，married，liveinanicehouse，andhaveasuccessfulcareerasaneducationalconsultant．Oneday，aboywenttomyofficetoconsultmeaboutthemethodoflearningEnglish.Havingconsultedme，heknewhowtoimprovehisEnglishandwenthomehappily.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)9)accessn．接近；通路；接近或進(jìn)入的權(quán)利/機(jī)會(huì)/通路v．進(jìn)入；存取(尤指電腦數(shù)據(jù))；訪問[教材P39]Whatreallymattersisasoundbusinessplan，accesstocapital，andgoodmanagementandnegotiatingskills.真正重要的是一個(gè)完備的商業(yè)支配、獲得資金的渠道、以及良好的管理和談判技巧。[例1]Studentsmusthaveaccesstogoodresources.學(xué)生必需有機(jī)會(huì)運(yùn)用好的資源。[例2]Youneedapasswordtogetaccesstothecomputersystem.運(yùn)用這個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)須要密碼。[造句]藥品不應(yīng)當(dāng)放在孩子們可以拿到的地方。Medicineshouldnotbekeptwhereitisaccessibletochildren.[學(xué)問拓展](1)accessto... 接近……的機(jī)會(huì)；進(jìn)入……的權(quán)利have/get/gain/obtainaccessto... 可以接近/會(huì)見/進(jìn)入……(2)accessibleadj. 可進(jìn)入的；可運(yùn)用的beaccessibleto 可進(jìn)入……；可運(yùn)用……；易接近……[即學(xué)即練]寫出下列句中access的含義/單句語法填空①Tosumup，lowprice，easyaccesstoinformationandwideusemakestudentsusecomputersalot.接近……的機(jī)會(huì)②Theonlyaccesstothefarmhouseisacrossthefields.通路③Heaccessedthreedifferentfilestofindthecorrectinformation.訪問④Kidsshouldn'thaveaccesstoviolentfilmsbecausetheymightimitatethethingstheysee.⑤Allthesitesarefreetothepublicandaccessible(access)toanyonewithanInternetconnection.[小片段填空]Fallenrockscutofftheonlyaccesstothevillage，soitisnotaccessibletooutsidenow.SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重點(diǎn)句式1)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)[教材P38]Theystaredback，theirblankfacesgivingnoclueastowhattheywouldsaynext.他們回頭看了看，從他們沒有表情的臉上根本看不出接下來他們會(huì)說什么。句式分析：句子中theirblankfacesgivingnoclueastowhattheywouldsaynext為“邏輯主語＋現(xiàn)在分詞”的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語與主句的主語不一樣，它獨(dú)立存在。[例1]Maryhaswrittentwonovels，bothofthemhavingbeenmadeintotelevisionseries.瑪麗已經(jīng)寫了兩部小說，都被拍成了電視劇。[例2]Alltheticketssoldwhentheyarrived，theywentaway，disappointed.當(dāng)他們到達(dá)的時(shí)候，票都賣光了，他們悲觀地走開了。[造句]我手里拿著劍跟著他來到這里。Ifollowedhimhere，swordinhand.[學(xué)問拓展]該結(jié)構(gòu)一般作狀語，表示時(shí)間、條件、緣由、伴隨狀況等，常見的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)形式是：(1)名詞/代詞＋名詞(2)名詞/代詞＋形容詞/副詞/介詞短語(3)名詞/代詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞/不定式[翻譯1]人體有很多器官組成，每一個(gè)器官都有確定的工作要做。Thehumanbodyiscomposedoforgans，eachhavingadefinitejobtodo．[翻譯2]有很多工作要做，我必需待在家里一成天。Lotsofworktodo，Ihavetostayathomeallday.[即學(xué)即練]句型轉(zhuǎn)換/單句語法填空①Thetreesthereareextremelytall，andsomemeasuresover90metres.→Thetreesthereareextremelytall，somemeasuringover90metres.②Thensheleaptbackwards，backarched(arch)andfuronend，tailheldoutstiffly.eq\a\vs4\al(重點(diǎn)句式2)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型[教材P39]Itwasonlythenthatthelocalsbegantobelieveme.就是在那時(shí)，本地人才起先信任我。句式分析：該句子是對(duì)時(shí)間狀語then的強(qiáng)調(diào)。[例1]Iwonderwhatitwasthatyouweredoingatthistimeyesterday.我想知道你昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候在干什么。[例2]ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentthatIfirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.當(dāng)我回到公寓的時(shí)候，我第一次遇到了我的新鄰居。[造句]只有壓力太大才會(huì)損害你。Itisonlytoomuchstressthatdoesyouharm.[學(xué)問拓展]1．強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的結(jié)構(gòu)(1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。該句型可對(duì)句子的主語、表語、賓語、狀語等進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)。當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人，且作主語時(shí)，可用who或that，其他狀況下一律用that。Itisonlybylisteningtoandunderstandingeachotherthatproblemsbetweenparentsandchildrencanbesettled.只有通過傾聽和相互理解，父母和孩子之間的問題才可能被解決。強(qiáng)調(diào)主語時(shí)，要留意連接詞和謂語的一樣性。Itisourteacherwho/thathelpsusmakegreatprogress.正是我們的老師幫助我們?nèi)〉昧撕艽蟮倪M(jìn)步。(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)：Is/Was＋it＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？Wasitintheparkthathemetournewteacher?他是在公園里遇到我們的新老師的嗎？(3)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特別疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)：疑問詞＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？Whenwasitthathemadeuphismindtotakethiscourse?他是什么時(shí)候確定選修這門課程的？由疑問詞引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作賓語從句時(shí)，從句必需運(yùn)用陳述語序。Shedoesn'tknowwhoitwasthatsavedherson.她不知道是誰救了她的兒子。(4)not...until的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)：Itis/wasnotuntil...＋that＋句子其他部分。Itwasnotuntilhegothome30minuteslaterthathefoundhehadlefthisbaginthetaxi.直到他到家三非常鐘后他才發(fā)覺他把包落在了出租車上。2．強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞用助動(dòng)詞do，does或did來強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞，用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的確定的陳述句中，do還可以用于祈使句。Shedidtellmeheraddress，butIforgotallaboutit.她的確告知過我她的地址，但我全忘了。[翻譯1]直到斗爭(zhēng)結(jié)束他才回家。Itisnotuntilthewarwasoverthathereturnedhome.[翻譯2]是你做的而不是你說的才重要。Itiswhatyoudidnotwhatyousaidthatcounts.[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/句型轉(zhuǎn)換①Itisnotonlytheattitudestowardssciencethatarechanging.②Itisatthehotelthatthecoachpicksuptourists.③WasitbecauseJackcamelateforschoolthatMr.Smithgotangry?④Ididnotrealisethatshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.→ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealisedthatshewasafamousfilmstar.(用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型改寫)→NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealisethatshewasafamousfilmstar.(用倒裝句改寫)ItwasonlyaftergraduatingfromuniversityoverseasandreturningtovisitherparentsthatZhangrealisedthepotential.分析：本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是onlyaftergraduatingfromuniversityoverseasandreturningtovisitherparents，正常語序是Zhangrealisedthepotentialonlyaftergraduatingfromuniversityoverseasandreturningtovisitherparents.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他成分。譯文：直到從海外高校畢業(yè)回國(guó)探望父母后，張?jiān)虏乓庾R(shí)到這一潛力。教材高考1.ItwasonlyaftergraduatingfromuniversityoverseasandreturningtovisitherparentsthatZhangrealisedthepotential.(2024·江蘇卷)Hesensedagreatpotentialinherdespiteherweaknesses.2.AfterIwentonTV，amajorAsianmanufacturerofcosmeticswaswillingtopurchasemyproductandhelpwithitsdistribution.(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)…thereaderhadtogodowntotheprinter'sofficetopurchaseacopy.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Ifoundhercryingverymuch，tearsrunning(run)downhercheeks.2．LittleFranzwassurprisedtoseesomeofthevillagepeopleseated(seat)onthebenchesattheendoftheroom.3．Thepolicegainedaccessthroughabrokenwindow.4．Iendedupdoing(do)alltheworkmyself.5．Herealisedthepotentialforerrorinthemethodbeingused.6．Whowasitthatwont