婦產(chǎn)科常用特殊檢查課件

匯報人:xxx20xx-03-15婦產(chǎn)科常用特殊檢查ppt課件目錄CONTENCT婦產(chǎn)科特殊檢查概述超聲檢查在婦產(chǎn)科應用宮腔鏡檢查與操作技巧腹腔鏡在婦產(chǎn)科應用核磁共振成像在婦產(chǎn)科應用放射性核素顯像在婦產(chǎn)科應用01婦產(chǎn)科特殊檢查概述定義目的定義與目的婦產(chǎn)科特殊檢查是指針對婦產(chǎn)科疾病診斷和治療的特殊醫(yī)學檢查手段。明確疾病診斷，評估病情嚴重程度，指導治療方案制定，監(jiān)測治療效果及預后。異常yin道出血、盆腔包塊、不孕癥、生殖道感染等婦產(chǎn)科相關疾病。適應癥根據(jù)具體檢查項目而定，如急性生殖道炎癥、嚴重全身性疾病等可能為某些特殊檢查的禁忌癥。禁忌癥適應癥與禁忌癥以下附贈各項管理制度英文版（不需要可刪）急救藥品、器材管理制度:1.Rescuedrugsandequipmentshouldbe"fivefixed"(fixedquantityandvariety,designatedplacement,designatedpersonstorage,regulardisinfectionandsterilization,regularinspectionandmaintenance)and"twotimely"(timelyinspectionandmaintenance,timelyreceiptandsupplementation).Theitemisclearlymarkedandcannotbeusedarbitrarily.2.Thenecessaryrescueequipmentiscomplete,ingoodperformance,andinstandbycondition.3.Therescuedrugsarecomplete,withcleardruglabelsandnodiscoloration,deterioration,expiration,ordamage.Theyshouldbeplacedandusedintheorderofdrugexpirationdates(fromrighttoleft).4.Emergencydrugsanditemsforeachdepartment'srescuevehicleshallbeuniformlyequippedaccordingtorequirements.Specializedemergencydrugsanditemsmustbereviewedandapprovedbythedepartmentdirectortodeterminethetype,quantity,specifications,anddosagetobeequipped.Rescuevehiclesmustbeplacedindesignatedlocationsandmanagedbydesignatedpersonneltoensuresafetyandeaseofuse.5.Afterusingrescuedrugsandequipment,theyshouldbefullyreplenishedwithin24hours.Iftheycannotbereplenishedduetospecialreasons,theyshouldbenotedonthehandoverregistrationformandreportedtotheheadnurseforcoordinationandresolutiontoensuretimelyuseduringpatientrescue.6.Thereisaregistrationbookfortheprovisionofdrugsandequipment.Ensureconsistencybetweenaccountsandmaterials,andhandoverbetweenshifts.7.Managementofsealedrescuevehicles:Beforesealing,theheadnurse(ornurseincharge)andanothernurseshallcountthedrugsandequipmentaccordingtotheregistrationbookofdrugandequipmentequipment,verifytheiraccuracy,andsealthemwithaseal.Twopeopleshallsignandfillinthesealingtime.Nurseschecktheconditionofthesealsoncepershiftandcompletethehandover.Theresponsiblenursescheckonceaweek,andtheheadnurseandresponsiblenursesopenthesealsandinspectthedrugsandequipmentintheambulanceonceamonth,withrecordskept.8.Nonsealedrescuevehiclemanagement:Eachshiftshallcountthedrugsandequipmentaccordingtotheregistrationbookandcompletethehandover.Theresponsiblenurseshallinspectonceaweek,andtheheadnurseshallinspectonceeverytwoweeksandkeeprecords,ensuringthattheaccountsmatchthematerials.護理文書書寫制度:

1.Nursingstaffstrictlyfollowthelatestrequirementswhenwritingnursingmedicalrecords.2.Thecontentofnursingrecordsshouldbeobjective,truthful,accurate,timely,complete,andstandardized.3.Allnursingdocumentsshouldbewrittenwithablueblackorcarboninkpen.4.AllnursingdocumentsshouldbewritteninArabicnumeralsfordateandtime,withdatesinyears,months,anddays,usinga24-hoursystem,specifictominutes.5.WritingshoulduseChinese,medicalterminology,andcommonlyusedforeignlanguageabbreviations;Completerecorditems;Thetextisneat,thehandwritingisclear,andthelayoutisclean;Accurateexpression,fluentsentences,simpleandconcise:correctformatandpunctuation,notypos.6.Whenerrorsoccurduringthewritingprocess,doublelinethemonthewrongwords,keeptheoriginalrecordclearanddistinguishable,signthemodifier,indicatethemodificationtime,continuetowritethecorrectcontent,anddonotusescraping,sticking,paintingorothermethodstocoveruporremovetheoriginalhandwriting.Eachpageshouldbemodifiednomorethantwotimes,otherwisetheoriginalrecorderwillpromptlycopyagain(exceptformodificationsmadebysuperiors).7.Nursingrecordswrittenbyinternnurses,probationarynurses,orunregisterednursesshouldbereviewedandsignedbynurseswithlegalprofessionalqualificationsinthismedicalinstitution.8.Furthertrainingnursescanonlywritenursingdocumentsafterbeingrecognizedbythemedicalinstitutionreceivingthetrainingfortheirworkability.9.Superiornursingstaffhavetheresponsibilitytoreviewandmodifythewrittenrecordsofsubordinatenursingstaff.Whenmakingmodifications,reddoublelinesshouldbeusedtomarkerrors,writethemodifiedcontent,signandindicatethemodificationtime.10.Temperaturerecords,medicalorders,patientcarerecords,andsurgicalinventoryrecordsshouldbearchivedontime.根據(jù)檢查項目要求，可能需要進行飲食調整、腸道準備、皮膚準備等。配合醫(yī)生操作，保持放松狀態(tài)，如有不適及時告知醫(yī)生；檢查前需了解檢查項目的風險及并發(fā)癥，簽署知情同意書。檢查前準備及注意事項注意事項檢查前準備02超聲檢查在婦產(chǎn)科應用超聲檢查原理利用超聲波在人體zu織中的傳播特性，將回聲信號進行接收、處理，形成圖像，從而觀察人體內部結構。超聲設備簡介包括超聲探頭、發(fā)射接收裝置、信號處理系統(tǒng)和顯示裝置等。探頭是核心部件，負責發(fā)射和接收超聲波。超聲檢查原理及設備簡介子宮肌瘤子宮內膜異位癥盆腔炎性疾病采用經(jīng)腹或經(jīng)yin道超聲檢查，觀察肌瘤位置、大小、數(shù)目及與周圍zu織關系。通過超聲檢查觀察卵巢異位囊腫的位置、大小和形態(tài)，以及子宮直腸陷凹等處的異位病灶。超聲檢查可觀察盆腔有無積液或炎性包塊，幫助診斷盆腔炎性疾病。婦科常見疾病超聲檢查方法80%80%100%產(chǎn)科常見疾病超聲檢查方法觀察妊娠囊位置、大小、形態(tài)及胎心搏動情況，確定胚胎是否存活。如葡萄胎、異位妊娠等，通過超聲檢查可及時發(fā)現(xiàn)并處理。在妊娠中、晚期進行超聲檢查，觀察胎兒各器官發(fā)育情況，篩查胎兒畸形。早期妊娠診斷異常妊娠診斷胎兒畸形篩查技術原理在超聲引導下，將穿刺針準確插入病變zu織內，取出少量zu織進行病理學檢查。臨床應用適用于婦科和產(chǎn)科的多種疾病，如卵巢腫瘤、子宮內膜癌、胎盤植入等。通過穿刺活檢技術，可以明確病變性質，為制定治療方案提供依據(jù)。超聲引導下穿刺活檢技術03宮腔鏡檢查與操作技巧異常子宮出血、宮腔粘連、宮腔異物、子宮畸形、子宮內膜息肉、子宮肌瘤等。適應癥急性生殖道感染、心肝腎衰竭急性期、近期有子宮穿孔或子宮手術史等。禁忌癥宮腔鏡檢查適應癥和禁忌癥術前準備操作步驟術后處理宮腔鏡檢查操作流程規(guī)范麻醉與鎮(zhèn)痛，擴張宮頸，置入宮腔鏡，觀察宮腔形態(tài)及病變，采集圖像，退出宮腔鏡。觀察患者生命體征，給予抗生素預防感染，交代術后注意事項?；颊邷蕚洌ㄈ缜鍧嵐嗄c、術前用藥等），設備準備（宮腔鏡及相關器械消毒、檢查等）。并發(fā)癥預防與處理措施并發(fā)癥預防嚴格掌握適應癥和禁忌癥，規(guī)范操作流程，加強無菌操作觀念。處理措施對于可能出現(xiàn)的并發(fā)癥如出血、感染、子宮穿孔等，應制定相應的處理預案，及時發(fā)現(xiàn)并處理。01020304手術適應癥手術優(yōu)勢手術步驟術后處理宮腔鏡手術治療簡介麻醉與鎮(zhèn)痛，擴張宮頸，置入宮腔鏡觀察病變，使用電切環(huán)等器械切除病變zu織，退出宮腔鏡。微創(chuàng)、恢復快、住院時間短、保留子宮等。子宮內膜息肉、子宮黏膜下肌瘤、部分影響宮腔形態(tài)的肌壁間肌瘤、宮腔粘連等。觀察患者生命體征，給予抗生素預防感染，交代術后注意事項，定期隨訪復查。04腹腔鏡在婦產(chǎn)科應用不孕癥、盆腔包塊、子宮內膜異位癥、子宮肌瘤等疾病的診斷和治療。適應癥嚴重心肺功能不全、凝血功能障礙、盆腹腔巨大腫塊等患者不宜進行腹腔鏡檢查。禁忌癥腹腔鏡檢查適應癥和禁忌癥準確建立氣腹通過閉合式或開放式方法建立氣腹，維持適當?shù)母箖葔骸＞珳什僮骼酶骨荤R及相關器械進行精準操作，如分離粘連、切除病變組織等。止血技巧采用電凝、縫合等方法進行有效止血。腹腔鏡下手術治療技巧展示并發(fā)癥預防嚴格掌握手術適應癥和禁忌癥，規(guī)范手術操作，加強術后護理。處理措施對于可能出現(xiàn)的并發(fā)癥如出血、感染等，應及時采取相應措施進行處理。并發(fā)癥預防與處理措施VS腹腔鏡可用于輔助生殖技術中的診斷和治療，如輸卵管通液、卵巢打孔等。優(yōu)勢腹腔鏡具有創(chuàng)傷小、恢復快、并發(fā)癥少等優(yōu)勢，在輔助生殖技術中發(fā)揮著重要作用。同時，通過腹腔鏡檢查可以評估患者盆腔情況，為制定個性化的輔助生殖方案提供依據(jù)。輔助生殖技術腹腔鏡在輔助生殖技術中應用05核磁共振成像在婦產(chǎn)科應用010203核磁共振成像原理核磁共振設備核磁共振成像優(yōu)點核磁共振成像原理及設備簡介利用原子核在磁場中的共振現(xiàn)象，獲取物體內部結構信息。包括磁體、梯度線圈、射頻線圈、計算機系統(tǒng)等。無輻射、高分辨率、多參數(shù)成像等。婦科常見疾病核磁共振檢查方法子宮肌瘤采用T2加權像，顯示肌瘤與正常肌層信號差異。子宮內膜癌觀察子宮內膜厚度、信號異常及肌層浸潤情況。卵巢腫瘤判斷腫瘤大小、位置、性質及與周圍zu織關系。123評估胎盤與子宮肌層的關系，判斷植入程度。胎盤植入觀察胎兒腦部、脊柱、胸腹腔等發(fā)育情況。胎兒先天性畸形如妊娠期高血壓綜合征、胎盤早剝等的診斷。妊娠期并發(fā)癥產(chǎn)科常見疾病核磁共振檢查方法在核磁共振成像