高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)英語語法專題復(fù)習(xí)：時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)課件(共45張)

【高中語法】

時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)1英語語法框架語法知識(shí)語音音素★音節(jié)五種語音現(xiàn)象★句法詞法九大詞類 動(dòng)詞★詞匯搭配時(shí)態(tài)兩大語態(tài)三類非謂語動(dòng)詞并列句復(fù)合句★特殊句式★主謂一致八種句子成分四類句子五種簡單句名詞性從句定語從句狀語從句2CONTENTS時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)一般時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)完成時(shí)態(tài)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)301一般時(shí)態(tài)Simple

Tense4nowfuturepast一般過去時(shí)：did一般將來時(shí):shall/will

do/be一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：do/does一般時(shí)態(tài)5一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法：①

目前的情況或狀態(tài)

Iam

married.②經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作Ioftencookmealsformy

family.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)6一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法：③客觀存在或普遍真理Thesunrises

intheeast.Loveis

blind.④按照計(jì)劃或時(shí)間表將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Theplanetakesoffat11:30a.m.andarrivesinShanghaiat1:20

p.m.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)【注意】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)謂語用動(dòng)詞原形，第三人稱單數(shù)-s/-es。7off

atLookatthetimetable.Hurryup!Flight375315:30.A.will

takeC.is

takingB.takesD.has

taken【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。飛機(jī)、火車等按時(shí)刻表運(yùn)行，表達(dá)時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。模擬題解析8off

atLookatthetimetable.Hurryup!Flight375315:30.A.will

takeC.is

takingB.takesD.has

taken【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。飛機(jī)、火車等按時(shí)刻表運(yùn)行，表達(dá)時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。B模擬題解析9表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。HeproposedtoSarahontheir

annivesary.過去某段時(shí)間的狀態(tài)。Iloved

him.一般過去時(shí)10Mr.Smith,

whoasateacherinourschoolforabout

20years,isnowour

mayor.A.HasworkedC.worksB.

workedD.had

worked【解析】句意為“史密斯先生曾經(jīng)在我們學(xué)校做了20年老師，他現(xiàn)在是市長”。模擬題解析11Mr.Smith,

whoasateacherinourschoolforabout

20years,isnowour

mayor.A.HasworkedC.worksB.

workedD.had

worked【解析】句意為“史密斯先生曾經(jīng)在我們學(xué)校做了20年老師，他現(xiàn)在是市長”。B模擬題解析12一般過去時(shí)用法：①

表肯定：主語+動(dòng)詞過去式+其他Hewentshopping

yesterday.②

表否定：主語+did

not(didn't)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他Hedidn'tgoshopping

yesterday.③一般疑問：Did+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他Didhegoshopping

yesterday?④特殊疑問句：疑問詞+did+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他Whatdidhedo

yesterday?一般過去時(shí)13

表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。Iwillalwayslove

you.Iwillgoshoppingwithyou

tomorrow.一般將來時(shí)14一般將來時(shí)的用法：①

will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形Hewillbeback

soon.②

表否定：主語+will

not

(won't)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他Hewon'tgoshopping

tomorrow.③

一般疑問：Will+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他Willhegoshoppingtomorrow?④

特殊疑問句：疑問詞+will+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他Whatwillhedo

tomorrow?一般將來時(shí)1502進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)Continuous

Tense16nowfuturepast過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：was/were

doing將來進(jìn)行時(shí):will/shallbe

doing現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am/is/are

doing進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)17用法：①

表說話的同時(shí)或現(xiàn)在時(shí)段動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行Sheismakingfirenow.Theyareplantingtreesonthehillthese

days.②

表計(jì)劃或安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作JaneandBerryaregoingonholidayinafew

days.③

表重復(fù)的動(dòng)作She

isalwayscomplaining.(抱怨口吻)Thetrainisarrivinglatealmosteverydaythis

summer.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)18過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)用法：①

常和時(shí)間狀語then,

at

that

time/moment等連用。WewerewatchingTVatthat

time.②

與when,

while,

as引導(dǎo)的過去時(shí)間狀語連用，延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)。WhenIsawhimhewascleaninghis

room.19將來進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)用法：①

將來某個(gè)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，或會(huì)延續(xù)到將來的動(dòng)作

Whatwillyoubedoingatthistimenext

Monday.Iwonderifitwillstillberainingthis

afternoon.②

將來預(yù)定的動(dòng)作、預(yù)測或打算TommorrowIwillbeflyingto

Bambay.③

表原因或結(jié)果Stopthechildorhewillbefalling

over.2003完成時(shí)態(tài)Perfect

Tense21nowfuture完成時(shí)態(tài)過去完成時(shí)had

donepast現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has

done將來完成時(shí)will/shallhave

done22現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)nowfuturepast現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has

done用法：①

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示從過去某一時(shí)間持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作Wehaveknowneachothersince

2007.②

發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在留下了某種影響或結(jié)果Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.23

consciousofhermoralobligationsasa

citizen.Marshawasandalwayswill

beMarshahastobeandalwayswill

beMarshahadbeenandwillalways

beMarshahasbeenandwillalways

be【解析】句意為“Marsha一直記得而且也將永遠(yuǎn)記得她作為一個(gè)公民所應(yīng)有的明白自己的道德責(zé)任?！闭骖}解析24

D consciousofhermoralobligationsasa

citizen.Marshawasandalwayswill

beMarshahastobeandalwayswill

beMarshahadbeenandwillalways

beMarshahasbeenandwillalways

be【解析】句意為“Marsha一直記得而且也將永遠(yuǎn)記得她作為一個(gè)公民所應(yīng)有的明白自己的道德責(zé)任。”真題解析25nowfuture過去完成時(shí)had

donepast過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)指過去已經(jīng)完成，“過去的過去”。用法：必須與表示過去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)的時(shí)間狀語連用WhenIwokeup,ithadstopped

raining.Bytheendoflastyear,myfatherhadworkedinthecompanyfor20

years.26nowfuturepast完成時(shí)態(tài)將來完成時(shí)will/shallhave

done將來某一時(shí)間前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作

(“到時(shí)已經(jīng)完成”)。用法：必須與將來的時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用。Weshallhavelearned12unitsbytheendofthisterm.WewillhavebeenmarriedayearonJune

25th.2704完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)PerfectContinuous

Tense28nowfuture現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)have/hasbeen

doing過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)hadbeen

doingpast將來完成時(shí)will/shallhave

done完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)29nowfuturepast現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)have/hasbeen

doing過去開始的動(dòng)作，到現(xiàn)在還在延續(xù)或重復(fù)Ihavebeenwaitingforyou

foraboutone

hour.Wehavebeendiscussingthematterseveraltimesthis

year.30nowfuturepast過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)hadbeen

doing過去某個(gè)時(shí)間之前一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作IhadbeenlookingforitfordaysbeforeIfound

it.Atthatpoint,herealized

whathehadbeendoingall

along.31nowfuturepast將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)will/shallhavebeen

doing完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)作在某種情況下一直持續(xù)到將來某個(gè)時(shí)間仍未結(jié)束。Bytheendofthisyearhewillhavebeenactingforthirty

years.3205語態(tài)Voice33語態(tài)英語中有兩種語態(tài)：主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。語態(tài)是通過動(dòng)詞的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。主動(dòng)語態(tài)：謂語的動(dòng)作源自主語，施加于賓語。Imademistakes.

被動(dòng)語態(tài)：助動(dòng)詞be

+

(及物動(dòng)詞)過去分詞Mistakeswere

made.34A.

gaveC.

giveB.

givingD.be

given【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)。and前后連接相同格式的句子成分。后半句的主語是代詞they，謂語動(dòng)詞是give，根據(jù)句意應(yīng)是“他們被提供機(jī)會(huì)決定是否要參與研究”，故使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。Potentialsubjectsshouldbeinformedoftheresearch

and

anopportunitytodecideiftheywantto

participate.真題解析35A.

gaveC.

giveB.

givingD.be

given【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)。and前后連接相同格式的句子成分。后半句的主語是代詞they，謂語動(dòng)詞是give，根據(jù)句意應(yīng)是“他們被提供機(jī)會(huì)決定是否要參與研究”，故使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。Potentialsubjectsshouldbeinformedoftheresearch

and

D anopportunitytodecideiftheywantto

participate.真題解析36Myauntbrought

me

up.Hegave

theboyan

apple.語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)的方法Manypeople

speak

English． Englishisspoken

bymany

people.I

wasbroughtup

bymyaunt.Theboywasgiven

anapple.Anapplewasgiven

tothe

boy.37語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)的方法WecallhimXiao

Wang.Hecuthishair

short.Theytold

himtohelp

me.Heiscalled

Xiao

Wang.Hishairwascut

short.Hewastold

tohelp

me.38語態(tài)不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的情況feel,look,

appear,

sound,taste,smell等由實(shí)意動(dòng)詞演變而來的系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞作表語，不可用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。Tellmeifyoufeelcold.Thesouptastes

wonderful.39語態(tài)不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的情況(2)某些表示“靜態(tài)”的及物動(dòng)詞，如have,fit,suit,hold