語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題一冠詞-2023年中考語(yǔ)法一點(diǎn)通（學(xué)生版）

語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題一、冠詞（必考）考點(diǎn)精講考點(diǎn)1不定冠詞a/an 考點(diǎn)精講（1）泛指某一類(lèi)人或事物中的一個(gè)或一類(lèi)。（2）在敘述時(shí)用于第一次提到的某人或某物之前?！懊恳弧保耙粋€(gè)”（3）用在形容詞最高級(jí)前，表示“非常；很”等，不強(qiáng)調(diào)比較。此用法比較特殊。形容詞最高級(jí)前更常見(jiàn)的是用定冠詞the，表示“最”，有比較。例如：Thisisamostbeautifulpark.這是一個(gè)非常漂亮的公園。Ihavebeentomanyparks.Thisisthemostbeautifulone.我去過(guò)很多公園。這是最漂亮的一個(gè)。（4）用于序數(shù)詞前，表示“又一，再一”。強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量上的增加。表泛指。此用法比較特殊。序數(shù)詞前更常見(jiàn)的是用定冠詞the，表順序，特指“第幾”。例如：Chinesecoupleareallowedtohave__a__thirdchild.中國(guó)夫妻允許生三胎。MrSmithhasthreechildren.Helenisthethirdone.史密斯先生有三個(gè)孩子。海倫是第三個(gè)。（5）某些固定詞組前用不定冠詞。例如：haveagoodtime,inahurry,havearest,forawhile,takeawalk,haveacold（6）特別注意：a/an的區(qū)別a用在輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或字母前，an用在元音音素開(kāi)頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或字母前。注意用a還是an，看的是后面單詞發(fā)音的第一個(gè)音素，而不是看單詞第一個(gè)字母是否元音字母。如abook,anorange,anegg,anartist,animportantvisit，anAfrican/Asiancountry注意：①u(mài)發(fā)音為/ju:/時(shí)，單詞前用a.如：ausualboy；auniversity；ausefulbook；注意另外兩個(gè)特殊詞:aonelegtable;aEuropeancountryu發(fā)音為元音時(shí)，單詞前用an.如：anunusualmonkey,anumbrella,②常見(jiàn)輔音字母不發(fā)音的單詞有：anhonestboy；anhour③單獨(dú)字母前的用an記憶口訣：“Mr.Lihasonefox.”Thereisan“f”andan“o”intheword“frog”.在frog這個(gè)單詞里面，有一個(gè)f和一個(gè)o。MyuncleboughtmeanMp4onmybirthday.我叔叔在我生日給我買(mǎi)了一個(gè)Mp4.Myauntis______Englishteacher.Sheteachesin______university.a;aB.an;anC.an;aD.a;anEnglishis______usefulsubject,andIstudyEnglishfor______houreveryday.A.a;a B.an;an C.an;a D.a;an考點(diǎn)2定冠詞the基本用法例句(1)用來(lái)表示特指的或指雙方都知道的人或事ThemanoverthereisJohn'suncle.(2)表示上文中提到過(guò)的人或者事ThereisanEnglishbookonthedesk.ThebookisLiLei's.(3)用在世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的名詞前Thesunisbiggerthantheearth.(themoon)(4)用在與普通名詞構(gòu)成的專(zhuān)有名詞前theGreatWall,theSummerPalace,theLuvreMuseum(5)用在方位名詞前intheeast/west/south/north，ontheleft/right(6)用在形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞前面Thisisthehighestbuildinginthiscity.(7)play+樂(lè)器“演奏樂(lè)器”短語(yǔ)中，用在(西洋)樂(lè)器名詞前Mysistercanplaythepianoandtheviolin.(8)用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)形式前，表示一家人或夫婦TheSmithsarewatchingTV.(9)the和部分形容詞連用，表示一類(lèi)人Theoldshouldbelookedafter.(young,sick,rich,poor)(10)用在江河湖海及山脈等地理名詞前TheChangjiangRiveristhelongestriverinChina.(11)用在某些固定詞組中inthemorning/evening/afternoon，inthedaytime，intheend，atthesametime，bytheway，attheageof，atthebeginningof，inthemiddleof，atthemoment,gotothecinema[助記口訣]“獨(dú)指方、高樂(lè)序、慣家形”Ihave_______Europeanpenfriend,andhelikesplaying_______guitar.A.an;/ B.an;the C.a;/ D.a;the—Who’s______manunderthetree?—He'smyuncle,______actor.A.a;the B.a;an C.the;the D.the;an考點(diǎn)3零冠詞（不用冠詞）基本用法例句(1)在專(zhuān)有名詞(國(guó)名、城市名、人名、路名)或者稱(chēng)呼、頭銜前不用冠詞Beijingisabeautifulcity.(2)在季節(jié)、月份、星期、日期、節(jié)日前不用冠詞Insummer/onMonday/in1995(3)在球類(lèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)、棋類(lèi)和學(xué)科名詞前不用冠詞MrZhanglikesplayingfootballandchess.(4)三餐飯前不用冠詞havebreakfast/lunch/supper/dinner(5)名詞前有“this，that，those，these，my，your，some”等其他限定詞修飾時(shí)不用冠詞Thisismybestfriend.(6)用在某些固定詞組中athome，watchTV，listentomusic，onfoot，inbed，inhospital，atfirst，introuble，inpublic，bybus，atnoon，atnight,gotoschool注意：1.中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日前一般加“the”：theSpringFestival春節(jié)、theLanternFestival元宵節(jié)、theDragonBoatFestival端午節(jié)、theMidAutumnDay中秋節(jié).西方節(jié)日前用零冠詞：Christmas圣誕節(jié),Thanksgiving感恩節(jié),Halloween萬(wàn)圣節(jié)2.具體某年的季節(jié)前一般加“the”：inthewinterof20093.但三餐飯前如有形容詞修飾時(shí)，可以用冠詞，如：haveanicebreakfast4.by+交通工具；take+冠詞/物主代詞+交通工具5.有定冠詞與無(wú)定冠詞的區(qū)別：（1）gotoschool去上學(xué)（是學(xué)生）gototheschool到學(xué)校去（不一定是學(xué)生）（2）gotobed上床睡覺(jué)gotothebed走到床前（不一定是去睡覺(jué)）（3）inhospital因病住院inthehospital在醫(yī)院里（不一定是病人）（4）attable吃飯atthetable在桌子旁邊（5）atschool在上學(xué)attheschool在學(xué)校里（6）inclass在上課intheclass在班級(jí)里（7）infuture今后inthefuture將來(lái)（8）infrontof在（……外部的）前面inthefrontof在（……內(nèi)部的）前面（9）nextyear明年（一般將來(lái)時(shí)）thenextyear第二年（一般過(guò)去時(shí)）（10）bysea乘船bythesea在海邊（11）inbed（睡、病、躺）在床上inthebed（某物）在床上（12）onearth究竟ontheearth在地球上—Doesyourteachergotoworkby______careveryday?—No.Heusuallytakes______bus.A./；/ B./;the C.a;the D.the;a考點(diǎn)精練考點(diǎn)精練中考語(yǔ)法—冠詞專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)（共計(jì)50小題，每小題2分，總分100分。）Thereis______uniformonthesofa,and______uniformisforyou.A.a;/ B.an;/ C.an;the D.a;theAngelloveslifeandkeeping______.A.andiary B.adiaries C.adiary D.diaryThisis______“h”andthatis______“u”A.a;a B.a;an C.an;a D.an;an—Sallyis______middleschoolstudent.Howaboutherbrother?—Heis______Englishteacher.A.a；an B.an；a C.a；a D.an；anIhave_______Europeanpenfriend,andhelikesplaying_______guitar.A.an;/ B.an;the C.a;/ D.a;the________clevergirlKittyis!Shecaneupwithsomecreativewaystofinishtheproject.A.What B.How

a C.How D.What

aMycousinBettyis_____footballfan.A./ B.an C.the D.aEnglishis______usefulsubject,andIstudyEnglishfor______houreveryday.A.a;a B.an;an C.an;a D.a;anIhave_____uncleand_____aunt.A.a,

a B.an,

an C.a,

an D.an,

aSheis______famoussingerinChinaandhasmanyfans.A.the B.a C.anD./—What's

matterwiththeoldman?—Hedoesn'tfeelwell.Hehas

highfever.A./;the B./;a C.the;the D.the;aIgotadogyesterdayasabirthdaygift.

_____

dogisverycuteandIlikeit.A.The B./ C.AD.An—Lookat______boyoverthere.Helooksexcited.—Yeah,hehaswon______firstprizeintheschoolEnglishReading&Writingpetition.A.a;the B.the;a C.the;the D.a;a—Who’s______manunderthetree?—He'smyuncle,______actor.A.a;the B.a;an C.the;the D.the;an—Doesyourteachergotoworkby______careveryday?—No.Heusuallytakes______bus.A./；/ B./;the C.a;the D.the;aLaoSheis______greatwriter.He'sespeciallyfamousfor______playTeahouse.A.an；the B.a；the C.an；a D.a；anDoyouknow________girlwithlongcurlyhair？Yes.SheisHelen,mycousin.A.a B.an C.the D./—What______badweatheritistoday!—Yes,_______weathermakesmesosad.A.a;a B./;the C.a;the D.the;a1likeplaying

chessbutmybrotherlikesplaying________piano.A.the;the B.the;/ C./;the D./;/Therewillbe______8dayartexhibitioninXiamennextmonth.

Wow！Itmustbe_____

mostunusualexhibition.A.a；a B.an；the C.the；aD.a;/—Whatdidyoudolastnight,Bob?—FirstIdidmyhomework,andthenIplayed________pianoforhalf________hour.A.the;a B./;an C.the;an D.a;theNanjing,______capitalofJiangsu,is______oldcitywith______longhistoryinChina.A.a;an;/ B.a;the;a C.the;an;a D.the;the;/Hissisteris_______officeworker.Sheworksin_______officeoverthere.A.an;an B.the;the C.an;the D.the;an—Lilyisingby____

planetomorrow.—Let’sgoto________airporttomeether.A.a;a B./;a C.the;the D./;the—Howwas______dinneratMike'shouse?—Itwasgreat.Mike'smumis______wonderfulcook.A.a;

the B.the;

a C.the;

the D.a;

an—Whois______maninfrontofthepostoffice?—Theonewith______umbrella?HeisourEnglishteacher.A.the；a B.the；an C.a；an D.a；theMybrotheroftenplays________footballwithhisclassmatesafterschool.A.a B.an C./ D.theThisis______mypen.I’mwritingwith_____pen.A.the,

/ B./，the C.a,an D.an,

/—Shallweplay_______

basketballthisafternoon？—Goodidea!Doyouhave______

basketball？A.the；a B.a；a C./；

/ D./；aAllthestudentsagreedtogotoQingdaoby______seaandcampby______sea.A.the;a B.不填;the C.不填;an D.a;theWouldyoupleasenotspeaksoloudlyin_______public?Sorry.Iwillremembertospeakin______lowervoice.A.the;a B./;a C.the;the D./;/Mysonseldomhas______breakfast.Itis_______

unhealthyhabit.Youmustaskhimtochangeit.

A./;an B.the;an C./;a D.the;aMaryeats_______dinnerat7:30intheevening.A.a B.an C.the D./—Whyareyouin________hurry?—Myclassmatesareplaying________tennis.Iwanttocheerthem.A.a;/ B.an;/ C.the;the D./;the______newstudysaysthatgoingto______bedlateisharmfultoourhealth.A./,/ B.A,/ C.A;the D.The;theThespaceshiphastraveledin___space.Scientistswanttodiscoverlifein____universe.A.a,a

B.the,

the

C.\,theD.an,anMrWang,as_____elderlyman,tookpartintheSpecialGames,andfinished______secondintherace.A.a;the B.an;/ C.an;a D./;theIgoto________workafter________breakfasteveryday.A./;the B.the;the C.the;a D./;/Igaveher________usefuladvice,butshethoughtitwas________uselessanswer.A./；an B.an；an C.an；a D./；aWhat______terriblenews!Ican’tstopcryingafterhearingit.A.a B.an C./D.the—Isit

orange?—No,itisn't.It'sred.A.a B.an C.the D./Iusuallyhave_____