山東省青島2024高三英語上學(xué)期11月期中考試試題老師版

山東省青島市2024上學(xué)期期中考試高三試題(英語)老師版考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhenisMary’sflightexpectedtoarriveinLondon?A.Atabout7:30.B.Atabout6:00.C.Atabout5:30.2.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Cookdinner.B.Buyfood.C.Havearest.3.Wherewillthemanprobablydotennispractice?A.Inagym.B.Inapark.C.Inagarden.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Sometickets.B.Afestival.C.Amusichall.5.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheman?A.Angry.B.Envious.C.Pleased.其次節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選岀最佳選項(xiàng).聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘：聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Ahotel.B.ATVprogram.C.Atrip.7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Arrangetheluggage.B.Gobackhome.C.Cookameal.聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。8.Whydoesthemanwanttowearthehat?A.He’llattendaparty.B.Hedoesn’thaveahat.C.Hewantstolookcool.9.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Motherandson.C.Husbandandwife.聽第8段材料.回答第10至12題。10.WhydoesthemancometoAfrica?A.Todobusiness.B.Togoonholiday.C.Topublishbooks.11.Howwillthemangettotheuniversity?A.Bybus.B.Bytaxi.C.Onfoot.12.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inahotel.B.Inabookstore.C.Inacompany.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhatdoesSarahdo?A.Aweatherforecaster.B.Acollegestudent.C.Aclubowner.14.WhydidSarahwatchweatherforecastsonTVwhenshewasyoung?A.Toreadweathermaps.B.Tofindgoodweatherfortraveling.C.Toanswerherscienceteacher’squestions.15.WhatdidSarah’smotherdotohelpher?A.Sheexplainedtheweatherchartspatiently.B.Sherecordedtheweathereveryday.C.Sheboughtacomputerforher.16.Whatdidtheweatherclubmembersdo?A.Theysetupequipmenttostudytheweather.B.Theyproducedabookabouttheweather.C.Theykeptadailyweatherdiary.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhoisPlaytimeOnlinedesignedfor?A.4-6-years-olds.B.5-10-years-olds.C.12-16-years-olds.18.WhatisMovingUPaimedat?A.Designinggamesforchildrentolearnskills.B.Developingchildren’sskillsatmathandlanguage.C.Promotingthedevelopmentofteachers’qualities.19.HowcanNetAwarehelpteenagers?A.Byrecommendingsafewebsites.B.ByteachingthemtousetheInternetproperly.C.BygettingthemtorealizethedangeroftheInternet.20.WhydoschoolstudentsloveTestDoctors?A.Itofferstipsonimprovinghealth.B.Ithasusefulsuggestionsforexams.C.Itpresentslecturesbyspecialists.其次部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給A、B、C、D的四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。APicnicShelterReservationsVancouverParksandRecreationmaintainsfourcoveredpicnicsheltersthatareavailableforreservationatthefollowingparks:●FisherBasinCommunityPark●LeroyHaagenMemorialPark●MarineCommunityPark●MarshallCommunityParkPicnicsheltersareavailabletoreservebetweenMay1andSeptember30eachyear.Reservationsarefortheentiredaywithareservationfeeof$100.Whennotreserved,sheltersareavailableforfree.Reserveapicnicshelterbycalling360-487-7100.ShelterReservationCancellationPolicyIfcanceledonemonthormorebeforetherentaldate,100%ofthefeewillberefunded.Ifcanceled1-4weeksbeforetherentaldate,75%ofthefeewillberefunded.Norefundswillbegrantedifthereservationiscanceledlessthanoneweekpriortotherentaldate.FrequentlyAskedQuestionsQ:Isthereawaytofindoutifaneventisalreadyscheduledatapark?Yes.ContactMarshallCommunityCenterat360-487-7100tofindoutabouteventstakingplaceinourparks.Q:Whatfacilitiesareincludedwithapicnicshelterreservation?Reservationsincludeuseofallpicnictableslocatedwithintheshelterandelectricity(thereisnoelectricityatMarinePark)Playgroundfacilitiesandrestroomswillbesharedwiththepublic.ParkUsePermitsDependingonthetypeofeventyou’rehosting,youwillneedtogetaParkUsePermitfromVancouverParksandRecreation.AParkUsePermitgivesyoupermissiontobringspecialitemsandequipmentintothepark.1.Accordingtothepassage,Vancouverpicnicshelters________.A.don’tallowvisitorstohosteventsB.areavailabletoreserveallyearroundC.canbeusedforfreewhennotreservedD.don’tofferpicnictablesorelectricity2.Ifyoucancel3weeksbeforetherentaldate,howmuchmoneywillyougetback?A.$100. B.$75. C.$25. D.0.3.Whereisthispassagemostlikelyfrom?A.Abookreview. B.Anewsreport.C.Asciencejournal. D.Atravelbrochure.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文主要介紹的是如何預(yù)定溫哥華公園和消遣中心的野餐庇護(hù)所，包括預(yù)定費(fèi)用、取消預(yù)定政策、和常見問題等?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“VancouverParksandRecreationmaintainsfourcoveredpicnicsheltersthatareavailableforreservationatthefollowingparks.(溫哥華公園和消遣中心有四個帶頂?shù)囊安捅幼o(hù)所，可在以下公園預(yù)訂。)”和其次段倒數(shù)其次句“Whennotreserved,sheltersareavailableforfree.(假如沒有預(yù)訂，庇護(hù)所將免費(fèi)運(yùn)用。)”可知，本文主要介紹的是溫哥華公園和消遣中心的野餐庇護(hù)所，假如這些庇護(hù)所沒有被預(yù)訂，可以被免費(fèi)運(yùn)用，由此可知，溫哥華野餐庇護(hù)所未被預(yù)訂時可免費(fèi)運(yùn)用。故選C項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段其次句“Reservationsarefortheentiredaywithareservationfeeof$100.(預(yù)訂是一成天的，預(yù)訂費(fèi)為100美元。)”可知，預(yù)訂費(fèi)為100美元，依據(jù)ShelterReservationCancellationPolicy的第一句“Ifcanceled1-4weeksbeforetherentaldate,75%ofthefeewillberefunded.(假如在租賃日期前1—4周取消，將退還75%的費(fèi)用。)”可知，假如在租賃日期前1—4周取消預(yù)定，將退還75%的費(fèi)用，也就是75美元，由此可知，假如你在租賃日期前三周取消，你能拿回75美元。故選B項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】推理推斷題。通讀文章，結(jié)合文章題目“PicnicShelterReservations(野餐庇護(hù)所預(yù)定)”可知，本文主要介紹的是如何預(yù)定野餐庇護(hù)所，通常在旅行或出門游玩時人們會進(jìn)行野餐，由此可知，這篇文章與旅行和閑暇活動有關(guān)，最有可能出自一本旅行手冊。故選D項(xiàng)。BRickGuidottiputasidehiscareerasafashionphotographertoturnhislenstopeoplelivingwithgenetic,physicalandbehavioraldifferences.Hesayswhatchangedhisperceptionofbeautywasachanceencounterwithanalbino(患白化病的)girl.“Iwasjusttiredofpeopletellingmewhowasbeautiful.EveryseasonthatfacewouldchangebutIwasalwaystoldwhowasbeautiful.Asanartist,Idon’tseebeautyjustoncoversofmagazines.Iseeiteverywhere.Sothatwasmyoriginalintention—thatopenedmyeyesalittlewiderandwider.”GuidottihascreatedPositiveExposureanot-for-profitorganizationthatusesphotographyandvideototransformpublicperceptionsandpromoteaworldwheredifferencesarecelebrated.GuidottiandPositiveExposurearefeaturedinanewdocumentarycalledOnBeauty.OneofthewomenfeaturedinthefilmisJayneWaithera.“IneverthoughtIwasbeautifulbecausenobodysaidthattome,butmeetinghimwasmyprofoundmoment.Irememberthatparticularday.HetookmypictureandIfeltsogoodlikeIfeltthere’ssomebodywho,like,reallylovesmeandseesmeforwhoIamandwhoseesmemorethanmycondition.”GuidottiistravelingfromcitytocitytopromoteOnBeauty.Hesayshistourisnotaboutmoney;it’saboutthemessage.“AsItravelfromcommunitytocommunity,I’mtakingphotographsandI’mempoweringindividualswithapositivesenseofwhotheyare.They’reseeingbeautyintheirreflectionbutI’malsoempoweringtheirfamiliesandtheyinturnareempoweringtheircommunitiesaswell.Allisbasedonthephilosophyofchange—howyousee,howyouchange.”4.WhydidGuidottichangehiscareer?A.Becausehewantedtocreatehisowncompany.BBecausethebeautyoncoversofmagazinesisnotbeautiful.C.Becausehecouldn’tearnenoughmoneyfromhisformercareer.D.Becausehiscomprehensionofbeautychangedowingtoanalbinogirl.5.WhatcanweknowaboutPositiveExposure?A.Itmakesthepublicmorebeautiful.B.ItbringsalotofmoneyforGuidotti.C.Itwelcomesdifferencesintheworld.D.Itmakesphotographymorepopular.6.WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbymentioningJayneinParagraph4?A.Jaynewasbeautifulindeed.B.Jayne’spicturewasmorebeautifulthanherself.C.ItwasunfairthatnobodydiscoveredJayne’sbeauty.D.PhotographsgaveJayneapositivesenseofwhoshewas.7.Whatdoestheauthormainlyintendtotellusinthelastparagraph?A.Weshouldtravelfrequently.B.Communitieshaveagreatinfluenceoneveryone.C.Weshouldmakecontributionstoourcommunity.D.Yourattitudetoseeingtheworlddecidesyourbehavior.【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是與一位白化病女孩的偶然相遇使RickGuidotti對美的看法發(fā)生了變更。他放棄了時尚攝影師的職業(yè)生涯，將他的鏡頭轉(zhuǎn)向那些在遺傳、生理和行為方面有差異的人，并拍攝了一部名為《何為美》的紀(jì)錄片來努力推動一個贊美不同和差異的世界?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“RickGuidottiputasidehiscareerasafashionphotographertoturnhislenstopeoplelivingwithgenetic,physicalandbehavioraldifferences.(RickGuidotti放下了時尚攝影師的職業(yè)，把鏡頭轉(zhuǎn)向了那些在基因、身體和行為上存在差異的人。)”和其次段中的“Hesayswhatchangedhisperceptionofbeautywasachanceencounterwithanalbino(患白化病的)girl.(他說，變更他對美的看法是與一個白化病女孩的一次偶遇。)”可知，與白化病女孩的偶然相遇變更了他對美的看法，這件事使得他變更了自己的職業(yè)。故選D。【5題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“GuidottihascreatedPositiveExposure,anot-for-profitorganizationthatusesphotographyandvideototransformpublicperceptionsandpromoteaworldwheredifferencesarecelebrated.(Guidotti創(chuàng)建了PositiveExposure，這是一個非營利性組織，通過攝影和視頻變更公眾的看法，促進(jìn)一個敬重差異的世界。)”可知，PositiveExposure歡迎世界中的差異。故選C?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段的“IneverthoughtIwasbeautifulbecausenobodysaidthattome,butmeetinghimwasmyprofoundmoment.Irememberthatparticularday.HetookmypictureandIfeltsogoodlikeIfeltthere’ssomebodywho,like,reallylovesmeandseesmeforwhoIamandwhoseesmemorethanmycondition.(我從來不認(rèn)為自己美麗，因?yàn)闆]人這么說我，但遇見他是我人生中最深刻的時刻。我記得那一天。他給我拍了照片，我感覺很好，就像有人真的愛我，看我是誰，看我比我的病情更重要。)”可以推斷出，照片讓Jyane對自己有了正面的相識。故選D?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Allisbasedonthephilosophyofchange—howyousee,howyouchange.(這一切都基于“變更”的哲學(xué)——你怎么看，你就怎么變更。)”可知，作者通過這一段告知讀者，你看待世界的看法確定了你的行為。故選D。CPsychologicalscienceisfullofinterestingtopics,manyofwhichtellacoherentpictureofhumannature,butsomeofwhichcreateseeminglycontradictorystories.Acaseinpointisthetrickyandmisunderstoodoverlapbetweenstrength-basedscienceandtheresearchonnarcissism(自戀).Thereisnowconvincingevidencetoshowthatnarcissismisontherise,especiallyinouryouth.Someresearcherssaythatabout25%ofyoungpeopleshowingsymptomsofnarcissism.TheinflatedegoofGenerationMeisreflectedinrealityTV,celebrityworship,andout-of-controlconsumerism.Wearecorrecttobeconcernedaboutthisphenomenon,butourfearthatallkidsarepotentialnarcissistshascausedanunhelpfulcounter-reactiontoapproachesthatseektomakeourchildrenandteensfeelgoodaboutthemselves.Inmyownresearchonstrength-basedparenting,itiscommonforpeopletowronglythinkthisapproachtobethecauseofnarcissism.Theirargumentseemstobethatachildwhoknowstheirstrengthswillautomaticallyviewthemselvesasbetterthaneveryoneelse.Itisarguedthattheself-assurancethatcomeswithidentifyingandusingtheirpositivequalitieswillmakeachildselfishanduncaring.Genuineconfidenceaboutone’sstrengthsiscategorizedasover-confidence;desirableself-knowledgeisbrandedasexcessiveself-admiration.Whydoesthisoccur?It’spartlybecausemoreisknownaboutnarcissismthanstrengths.Whilestrengthspsychologyhaslargelystayedwithinthelimitofacademicjournals,researchonnarcissismhasmadeitswayintothemassmediaandourdailylife.TheNewYorkTimesnotedthatnarcissismisafavoredtopicandthatpeopleeverywherearediagnosingotherswithit.Thefearthatastrength-basedapproachwillcausenarcissismalsooccursbecauseofourbinary(非此即彼)thinking.Wemistakenlybelievethatonecannotbebothconfidentandhumble.WefocusonDonaldTrumpandKimKardashianratherthanMahatmaGandhiandMotherTeresa.Withoutconfidenceintheirstrengths,GandhiandMotherTeresacouldn’thaveachievedsomuch,andyetmodestyandselflessnessaretheirqualities.Whenweassumethatstrength-focusisthesameasaself-focus,wefailtomaketheideaclearthatpeoplewhoknowtheirstrengthsare,actually,morelikelytobepro-socialandreadytohelpothers.It’seasytoconcludethateveryyoungpersonisatriskofbecominganarcissistbutI’dliketostandupforthethousandsofyoungkidsIhaveworkedwithwhoarecaring,thoughtfulandhumble—evenwhentheyusetheirstrengths.8.Whichofthefollowingopinionsmaythewriteragreewith?A.Strength-basedparentingleadstonarcissism.B.It’sunhelpfulforustomakeourchildrenfeelgoodaboutthemselves.C.Tosayallkidsarepotentialnarcissistsisoverstatingthecase.D.Childrenwhoknowtheirstrengthstendtobemoreselfishanduncaring.9.Whyareteenagers’strengthsoftenconsideredasnarcissism?A.Thereisalackofnarcissisminourcommonsense.B.Academicjournalsreportmoreonnarcissism.C.Manypeoplearediagnosedwithnarcissismbydoctors.D.Thegeneralpublichaslessaccesstostrengthspsychology.10.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsyoungkids’strength-basedapproaches?A.Skeptical B.Favorable. C.Neutral. D.Doubtful.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Teens’ConfidenceMisunderstood B.Teens’NarcissismDiagnosisC.Teens’Strength-basedApproach D.Teens’PsychologyResearch【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇爭論文。始終以來，人們對個人優(yōu)勢和自戀兩者之間相識不足，導(dǎo)致了對青少年的自信產(chǎn)生誤會。作者說明了對青少年的自信被誤會為自戀的這一現(xiàn)象，及其產(chǎn)生緣由，并認(rèn)為：以突出孩子們優(yōu)勢為基礎(chǔ)的教養(yǎng)方式是有益的?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段“Wearecorrecttobeconcernedaboutthisphenomenon,butourfearthatallkidsarepotentialnarcissistshascausedanunhelpfulcounter-reactiontoapproachesthatseektomakeourchildrenandteensfeelgoodaboutthemselves.(我們對這種現(xiàn)象的擔(dān)憂是正確的，但是我們擔(dān)憂全部的孩子都是潛在的自戀者，這對那些試圖讓孩子和青少年自我感覺良好的方法造成了無益的反作用力。)”以及最終一段“It’seasytoconcludethateveryyoungpersonisatriskofbecominganarcissistbutI’dliketostandupforthethousandsofyoungkidsIhaveworkedwithwhoarecaring,thoughtfulandhumble—evenwhentheyusetheirstrengths.(很簡潔得出這樣的結(jié)論：每個年輕人都有成為自戀狂的風(fēng)險，但我想為與我共事過的成千上萬個關(guān)切他人、愛護(hù)他人、謙遜的孩子們說話——即使他們發(fā)揮了自己的特長。)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為不是全部孩子都是潛在的自戀者，這樣的說法過于夸大事實(shí)。故選C項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段最終一句“Genuineconfidenceaboutone’sstrengthsiscategorizedasover-confidence;desirableself-knowledgeisbrandedasexcessiveself-admiration.(對自己實(shí)力的真正自信被歸類為過度自信；合適的自我相識被認(rèn)為是過度的自我觀賞。)”，以及第五段中的“Whydoesthisoccur?It’spartlybecausemoreisknownaboutnarcissismthanstrengths.Whilestrengthspsychologyhaslargelystayedwithinthelimitofacademicjournals,researchonnarcissismhasmadeitswayintothemassmediaandourdailylife.(為什么會出現(xiàn)這種狀況？這在肯定程度上是因?yàn)槿藗儗ψ詰俚牧私舛嘤趯?yōu)點(diǎn)的了解。雖然優(yōu)勢心理學(xué)在很大程度上還停留在學(xué)術(shù)期刊的范圍內(nèi)，但對自戀的探討已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了大眾媒體和我們的日常生活。)”可知，青少年因優(yōu)勢產(chǎn)生的自信經(jīng)常被誤認(rèn)為是自戀，是因?yàn)榇蟊妼ψ詰俸苁熳R，而對優(yōu)勢心理學(xué)接觸較少、相對生疏。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段第一句“Inmyownresearchonstrength-basedparenting,itiscommonforpeopletowronglythinkthisapproachtobethecauseofnarcissism.(在我自己對基于優(yōu)勢的教養(yǎng)方式的探討中，人們普遍錯誤地認(rèn)為這種方式是自戀的緣由)”可知，人們認(rèn)為基于優(yōu)勢的育兒方式會導(dǎo)致孩子自戀，但其實(shí)他們是錯誤的；依據(jù)最終一段“It’seasytoconcludethateveryyoungpersonisatriskofbecominganarcissistbutI’dliketostandupforthethousandsofyoungkidsIhaveworkedwithwhoarecaring,thoughtfulandhumble—evenwhentheyusetheirstrengths.(很簡潔得出這樣的結(jié)論：每個年輕人都有成為自戀狂的風(fēng)險，但我想為與我共事過的成千上萬個關(guān)切他人、愛護(hù)他人、謙遜的孩子們說話——即使他們發(fā)揮了自己的特長。)”可推知，在探討基于優(yōu)勢的教養(yǎng)方式中，看到了成千上萬個關(guān)切他人、愛護(hù)他人、謙遜的孩子們，說明這個教養(yǎng)方式是可行的，不能把孩子自戀貴就在這種育兒方式上，故作者很贊成基于優(yōu)勢的教養(yǎng)方式。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段“Psychologicalscienceisfullofinterestingtopics,manyofwhichtellacoherentpictureofhumannature,butsomeofwhichcreateseeminglycontradictorystories.Acaseinpointisthetrickyandmisunderstoodoverlapbetweenstrength-basedscienceandtheresearchonnarcissism.(心理科學(xué)充溢了好玩的話題，其中很多都連貫地描述了人性，但有些則創(chuàng)建了看似沖突的故事。其中一例是，在基于優(yōu)點(diǎn)的心理科學(xué)與自戀探討之間存在微妙而被誤會的重疊部分。)”，文章接下來對青少年的自信被誤會這一現(xiàn)象及緣由的具體闡述可知，文章主要介紹了青少年的自信被誤會這一現(xiàn)象以及產(chǎn)生的緣由。再結(jié)合最終一段“It’seasytoconcludethateveryyoungpersonisatriskofbecominganarcissistbutI’dliketostandupforthethousandsofyoungkidsIhaveworkedwithwhoarecaring,thoughtfulandhumble—evenwhentheyusetheirstrengths.(人們很簡潔得出這樣的結(jié)論：每個年輕人都有成為自戀狂的風(fēng)險，但我想為與我共事過的成千上萬個關(guān)切他人、愛護(hù)他人、謙遜的孩子們說話——即使他們發(fā)揮了自己的特長。)”可知，D選項(xiàng)“Teens’ConfidenceMisunderstood(被誤會的青少年的自信)”能夠概括全文，適合作本文的標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。DWhatkindofpeoplecanbecomescientists?Whenagroupofresearchersposedthatquestiontoninth-and10th-graders,almosteverystudentgavesuchresponsesas“Peoplewhoworkhard”or“Anyonewhoseemsinterestedinthefieldofscience.”Manyofthesesamestudentsstruggledtoimaginethemselvesasscientists,citingconcernssuchas“I’mnotgoodatscience”and“EvenifIworkhard,Iwillnotdowell.”It’seasyforthemtoseeascientist’sworkasarisingfromaninborntalent.Butforhighschoolstudents,learningmoreaboutsomestrugglesofscientistscanhelpstudentsfeelmoremotivatedtolearnscience.ResearchersatTeachersCollege,ColumbiaUniversityandtheUniversityofWashingtondesignedaninterventiontochangestudents’beliefsthatscientificachievementdependsonabilityratherthaneffortbyexposingstudentstostoriesofhowaccomplishedscientistsstruggledandovercamechallengesintheirscientificefforts.Duringthestudy,thestudentsreadoneofthreetypesofstoriesaboutAlbertEinstein,MarieCurieandMichaelFaraday.Intellectual(智力的)strugglestories:storiesabouthowscientists“struggledintellectually,”suchasmakingmistakeswhileaddressingascientificproblemandlearningfromthem.Lifestrugglestories:storiesabouthowscientistsstruggledintheirpersonallives,suchasnotgivingupinthefaceofpovertyorlackoffamilysupport.Achievementstories:storiesabouthowscientistsmadegreatdiscoveries,withoutanydiscussionofcoexistingchallenges.Researchersfoundthatstudentswhoheardeithertypeof“strugglestories”improvedtheirscienceperformanceafter-intervention,comparedtostudentsinthecontrolgroup.Theeffectwasespeciallypronouncedforlowerperformingstudents,forwhomexposuretostrugglingstoriesledtosignificantlybetterscience-classperformancethanlow-performingstudentswhoreadachievementstories.Inaddition,studentswhoreadstrugglestoriesreportedfeelingmorepersonallyconnectedtothescientists.Byrecognizingascientist’sstrugglesandintroducingthegrowthmindsetheorsheappliedtoaccomplishgreatworks,thestudentswereabletoempathize(共情)withthescientistsduringtheirownstruggles.12.Whydostudentsfailtoimaginethemselvesasscientists?A.Theylackinterestinscience. B.TheyareshortofconfidenceC.Theydon’thaveinborntalent. D.Theyhavenoabilitytostudyscience13.What’sthepurposeoftheintervention?A.Tointroducesomeinspirationalstoriestostudents.B.Toexposestudentstoscientists’greatachievements.C.Toensurestudentswillbecomescientistsinthefuture.D.Toclearstudents’misunderstandingsofscientificwork.14.Theunderlinedword“pronounced”inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto________.A.minimal B.noticeable C.doubtful D.long-lasting15.Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearch?A.Scienceabilityhasnothingtodowithefforts.B.Studentsaremoremotivatedbyachievementstories.C.Scientists’strugglestoriescaninfluencereaders’beliefs.D.Low-performingstudentstendtofeelconnectedtoscientists.【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講解并描述了探討人員向九年級和十年級的學(xué)生提出“什么樣的人可以成為科學(xué)家”這個問題時，幾乎每個學(xué)生的回答都是“努力學(xué)習(xí)的人”或“對科學(xué)領(lǐng)域感愛好的人”。為了解除這種誤會，探討人員設(shè)計(jì)了一項(xiàng)干預(yù)，即了解更多關(guān)于科學(xué)家的奮斗可以幫助學(xué)生更有動力學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)，結(jié)果發(fā)覺，聽過任何一種“奮斗故事”的學(xué)生在干預(yù)后的科學(xué)表現(xiàn)都有所提高。【12題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章其次段內(nèi)容“Manyofthesesamestudentsstruggledtoimaginethemselvesasscientists,citingconcernssuchas‘I’mnotgoodatscience’and‘EvenifIworkhard,Iwillnotdowell.’It’seasyforthemtoseeascientist’sworkasarisingfromaninborntalent.(同樣是這些學(xué)生中的很多人都很難將自己想象成科學(xué)家，理由是“我不擅長科學(xué)”和“即使我努力工作，也不會做得很好”。他們很簡潔將科學(xué)家的工作視為天生的才能。)”可知，這些學(xué)生認(rèn)為能夠成為科學(xué)家是天生的才能，“自己不擅長”或“即使努力也無法做好”這樣的理由可以看作為他們?nèi)狈ψ孕牛瑥亩茈y將自己想象成科學(xué)家。故選B項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“ResearchersatTeachersCollege,ColumbiaUniversityandtheUniversityofWashingtondesignedaninterventiontochangestudents’beliefsthatscientificachievementreflectsabilityratherthaneffortbyexposingstudentstostoriesofhowaccomplishedscientistsstruggledandovercamechallengesintheirscientificefforts.(老師學(xué)院、哥倫比亞高校和華盛頓高校的探討人員設(shè)計(jì)了一種干預(yù)措施，讓學(xué)生了解有成就的科學(xué)家在科學(xué)努力中如何努力和克服挑戰(zhàn)的故事，從而變更學(xué)生們認(rèn)為科學(xué)成就反映的是實(shí)力而不是努力的觀念。)”可知，這項(xiàng)干預(yù)通過讓學(xué)生們了解科學(xué)家們是如何努力奮斗克服挑戰(zhàn)的，以澄清學(xué)生對科學(xué)工作的誤會。故選D項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】詞義揣測題。分析可知，非限制性定語從句“forwhomexposuretostrugglingstoriesledtosignificantlybetterscience-classperformancethanlow-performingstudentswhoreadachievementstories.(對他們來說，接觸奮斗故事比閱讀成就故事的成果差的學(xué)生在科學(xué)課上表現(xiàn)更好)”的先行詞為“l(fā)owerperformingstudents(成果差的學(xué)生)”，因此可知，在“干預(yù)”后，接觸奮斗故事的成果差的學(xué)生和閱讀成就故事的成果差的學(xué)生在科學(xué)課上都有了好的表現(xiàn)，且二者之間通過對比出現(xiàn)了“更好”，由此可推知，干預(yù)對于成果差的學(xué)生效果顯著，因此，“Theeffectwasespeciallypronounced”應(yīng)是“效果顯著”的意思，由此可推知，“pronounced”應(yīng)是“明顯的，顯著的”含義，與選項(xiàng)B“noticeable(自不待言的)”含義相同。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章末尾內(nèi)容“Byrecognizingascientist’sstrugglesandintroducingthegrowthmindsetheorsheappliedtoaccomplishgreatworks,thestudentswereabletoempathize(共情)withthescientistsduringtheirownstruggles.(通過相識科學(xué)家的奮斗，并介紹他或她在完成宏大工作時所運(yùn)用的成長心態(tài)，學(xué)生們能夠在科學(xué)家的奮斗過程中感同身受。)”可知，通過了解一個科學(xué)家的奮斗史，學(xué)生們使得自己在奮斗過程中能夠產(chǎn)生與科學(xué)家的共鳴，從而能夠變更之前的對于科學(xué)家工作的誤會。由此可推知，科學(xué)家的奮斗故事可以影響讀者的信念。故選C項(xiàng)。其次節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分))閱讀下列短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。LearntoCiteSources(引用資料)Duringyouruniversityeducation,you’llbeexposedtoideasandscientifictheoriesofscholarsandscientists.Unavoidably,yourownideaswillbeshapedbytheideasyoucomeacross.___16___Thatmeansyoushouldgobeyondwhatyoulearninyourtextbooksorinthelibrary.Youroriginalworkisthebasisforyourprofessor’sevaluationofyourperformance.Thus,academichonestyisfundamentalinyouruniversityeducation.Itdemandsthatyoucitethesourcematerialsyoubaseyourownworkon.___17___Correctlycitingyoursourceshelpsyoudistinguishyourownideasfromthoseofotherscholars.Onthereaders’side,itpermitsareadertodeterminethedepthofyourresearch.___18___Onthecontrary,lackofcitingwillonlyraiseyourreader’sdoubt.Soyouneedtolearnwhentociteandhowtoprovideanadequateoraccuratereferencelist.Ifyoufailtociteyoursources,whetherdeliberatelyorcarelessly,youwillbefoundresponsibleforplagiarism(抄襲).___19___Ifyouarenotsure,askyourprofessorforguidancebeforesubmittingthepaperorreport.Keepinmindthisgeneralrule:whenindoubt,cite!___20___Forexample,studentsfromEastAsiamaythinkthatcopyingdirectlyfromsourcesistheproperwaytodoresearch.StudentsinFrance,preparingforthefinalexamination,maybeencouragedtomemorizewholepassagesandcopythemintopapers.Thoseculturaldifferencescanleadtofalseassumptionsaboutacademicexpectationsinthecountryyoustudyin.A.Someuniversitystudentsmaycheatindifferentways.B.Theseincludeotherscholars’ideas,figures,graphsandsoon.C.Theacademicchallengeyoufaceistomakesomethingoriginal.D.Often,studentswanttouseothers’opinionstosupporttheirownessays.E.Italsoallowsareadertoappreciateyouroriginalcontributiontotheresearch.F.Forinternationalstudentsitisimportanttoknowlocalacademicexpectations.G.Notknowingacademicregulationsisanunacceptableexcuseforsuchbehavior.【答案】16.C17.B18.E19.G20.F【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。在高校期間，你將接觸到學(xué)者和科學(xué)家的思想和科學(xué)理論。不行避開的，你自己的想法會被你遇到的想法所影響。因此會不行避開須要引用原材料的狀況，文章針對如何正確地引用原材料進(jìn)行了一些說明和建議?！?6題詳解】依據(jù)下文Thatmeansyoushouldgobeyondwhatyoulearninyourtextbooksorinthelibrary.Youroriginalworkisthebasisforyourprofessor’sevaluationofyourperformance.（這意味著你應(yīng)當(dāng)超越你在課本或圖書館學(xué)到的東西。你的原創(chuàng)作品是教授評價你表現(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)。）可推想上文是提出：你所面對的學(xué)術(shù)挑戰(zhàn)是要原創(chuàng)，故選C?！?7題詳解】依據(jù)上文Itdemandsthatyoucitethesourcematerialsyoubaseyourownworkon.（它要求在基于你自己工作的基礎(chǔ)上引用材料。）下文列舉材料包括哪些內(nèi)容：這些包括其他學(xué)者的想法，數(shù)字，圖表等等。故選B。【18題詳解】依據(jù)上文Onthereaders’side,itpermitsareadertodeterminethedepthofyourresearch.（在讀者方面，它允許讀者確定你的探討的深度。）可知是列舉引用材料的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，可對應(yīng)到E選項(xiàng)：它也能讓讀者觀賞你對探討的原創(chuàng)性貢獻(xiàn)。故選E?！?9題詳解】依據(jù)下文Ifyouarenotsure,askyourprofessorforguidancebeforesubmittingthepaperorreport.（假如你不確定，在提交論文或報告之前向你的教授尋求指導(dǎo)。）可知上文中的不了解學(xué)術(shù)規(guī)章制度并不是抄襲的借口。故選G?！?0題詳解】依據(jù)下文Forexample,studentsfromEastAsiamaythinkthatcopyingdirectlyfromsourcesistheproperwaytodoresearch.例如，東亞的學(xué)生可能認(rèn)為干脆從資料中抄襲是做探討的正確方法?？芍径问菍τ趪H學(xué)生來說，了解當(dāng)?shù)氐膶W(xué)術(shù)規(guī)定是很重要的。故選F。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Iusedtowatchherfrommykitchenwindowwhensheplayedwithboysontheplayground.Sheseemedsosmallasshe____21____herwaythroughthecrowdofboys.Aseaofchildren,andyettome,she____22____fromthemall.She____23____toshootjumpshotsjustovertheirheadsandintothenetandnoonecouldstopher.Ibegantonoticeherpracticingdribbling(運(yùn)球)andshootingaloneoverandoveragain,sometimesuntildark.OnedayIaskedherwhyshepracticedsomuch.Without____24____,shesaid,“Iwanttoplaycollegebasketball.MyfathertoldmeifIwasgoodenough,Iwouldgeta(n)____25____,whichwastheonlywayformetogotocollege.MyDaddysaidifthedreamwasbigenough,thefactsdidn’t____26____.”O(jiān)nedayinhersenioryear,Isawhersittinginthegrass,headburiedinherhands.I____27____herdisappointmentandIfeltmyownthroattighten.Isatdowninthecoolgrassbesideherand____28____askedwhatwaswrong.“Oh,nothing,”cameasoft____29____.“Iamjusttoo____30____.”Thecoachtoldherthatat5.5feetshewouldprobablynevergettoplayforatoprankedteam.Shewasheartbroken.Butafterawhile,she____31____herheadfromherhandsandtoldmethatherfathersaidthosecoacheswerewrong.Theyjustdidnotunderstandthe____32____ofadream.Hetoldherthatifshereallywantedtoplayforagoodcollege,ifshetrulywantedascholarship,nothingcouldstopherexceptonething–herown____33____.Thenextyear,assheandherteamwenttotheNorthernCaliforniaChampionshipgame,shewasseenbyacollegerecruiter.Shewasindeed____34____ascholarshiptoaDivisionI,NCAAwomen’sbasketballteamandherdreamcametrue.Thewords____35____inmyearsagain:Ifthedreamisbigenough,thefactsdon’tcount.21.A.felt B.lost C.overlooked D.muscled22.A.stoodout B.cameout C.figuredout D.madeout23.A.intended B.managed C.expected D.pretended24.A.satisfaction B.effort C.hesitation D.doubt25.A.scholarship B.budget C.allowance D.reward26.A.care B.count C.spread D.control27.A.expressed B.touched C.sensed D.grasped28.A.quietly B.eagerly C.initially D.generously29.A.step B.reply C.relief