山東省青島2024高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期11月期中考試試題老師版

山東省青島市2024上學(xué)期期中考試高三試題(英語(yǔ))老師版考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhenisMary’sflightexpectedtoarriveinLondon?A.Atabout7:30.B.Atabout6:00.C.Atabout5:30.2.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Cookdinner.B.Buyfood.C.Havearest.3.Wherewillthemanprobablydotennispractice?A.Inagym.B.Inapark.C.Inagarden.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Sometickets.B.Afestival.C.Amusichall.5.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheman?A.Angry.B.Envious.C.Pleased.其次節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選岀最佳選項(xiàng).聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘：聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Ahotel.B.ATVprogram.C.Atrip.7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Arrangetheluggage.B.Gobackhome.C.Cookameal.聽(tīng)第7段材料,回答第8、9題。8.Whydoesthemanwanttowearthehat?A.He’llattendaparty.B.Hedoesn’thaveahat.C.Hewantstolookcool.9.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Motherandson.C.Husbandandwife.聽(tīng)第8段材料.回答第10至12題。10.WhydoesthemancometoAfrica?A.Todobusiness.B.Togoonholiday.C.Topublishbooks.11.Howwillthemangettotheuniversity?A.Bybus.B.Bytaxi.C.Onfoot.12.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inahotel.B.Inabookstore.C.Inacompany.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhatdoesSarahdo?A.Aweatherforecaster.B.Acollegestudent.C.Aclubowner.14.WhydidSarahwatchweatherforecastsonTVwhenshewasyoung?A.Toreadweathermaps.B.Tofindgoodweatherfortraveling.C.Toanswerherscienceteacher’squestions.15.WhatdidSarah’smotherdotohelpher?A.Sheexplainedtheweatherchartspatiently.B.Sherecordedtheweathereveryday.C.Sheboughtacomputerforher.16.Whatdidtheweatherclubmembersdo?A.Theysetupequipmenttostudytheweather.B.Theyproducedabookabouttheweather.C.Theykeptadailyweatherdiary.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhoisPlaytimeOnlinedesignedfor?A.4-6-years-olds.B.5-10-years-olds.C.12-16-years-olds.18.WhatisMovingUPaimedat?A.Designinggamesforchildrentolearnskills.B.Developingchildren’sskillsatmathandlanguage.C.Promotingthedevelopmentofteachers’qualities.19.HowcanNetAwarehelpteenagers?A.Byrecommendingsafewebsites.B.ByteachingthemtousetheInternetproperly.C.BygettingthemtorealizethedangeroftheInternet.20.WhydoschoolstudentsloveTestDoctors?A.Itofferstipsonimprovinghealth.B.Ithasusefulsuggestionsforexams.C.Itpresentslecturesbyspecialists.其次部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給A、B、C、D的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。APicnicShelterReservationsVancouverParksandRecreationmaintainsfourcoveredpicnicsheltersthatareavailableforreservationatthefollowingparks:●FisherBasinCommunityPark●LeroyHaagenMemorialPark●MarineCommunityPark●MarshallCommunityParkPicnicsheltersareavailabletoreservebetweenMay1andSeptember30eachyear.Reservationsarefortheentiredaywithareservationfeeof$100.Whennotreserved,sheltersareavailableforfree.Reserveapicnicshelterbycalling360-487-7100.ShelterReservationCancellationPolicyIfcanceledonemonthormorebeforetherentaldate,100%ofthefeewillberefunded.Ifcanceled1-4weeksbeforetherentaldate,75%ofthefeewillberefunded.Norefundswillbegrantedifthereservationiscanceledlessthanoneweekpriortotherentaldate.FrequentlyAskedQuestionsQ:Isthereawaytofindoutifaneventisalreadyscheduledatapark?Yes.ContactMarshallCommunityCenterat360-487-7100tofindoutabouteventstakingplaceinourparks.Q:Whatfacilitiesareincludedwithapicnicshelterreservation?Reservationsincludeuseofallpicnictableslocatedwithintheshelterandelectricity(thereisnoelectricityatMarinePark)Playgroundfacilitiesandrestroomswillbesharedwiththepublic.ParkUsePermitsDependingonthetypeofeventyou’rehosting,youwillneedtogetaParkUsePermitfromVancouverParksandRecreation.AParkUsePermitgivesyoupermissiontobringspecialitemsandequipmentintothepark.1.Accordingtothepassage,Vancouverpicnicshelters________.A.don’tallowvisitorstohosteventsB.areavailabletoreserveallyearroundC.canbeusedforfreewhennotreservedD.don’tofferpicnictablesorelectricity2.Ifyoucancel3weeksbeforetherentaldate,howmuchmoneywillyougetback?A.$100. B.$75. C.$25. D.0.3.Whereisthispassagemostlikelyfrom?A.Abookreview. B.Anewsreport.C.Asciencejournal. D.Atravelbrochure.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文主要介紹的是如何預(yù)定溫哥華公園和消遣中心的野餐庇護(hù)所，包括預(yù)定費(fèi)用、取消預(yù)定政策、和常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題等?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“VancouverParksandRecreationmaintainsfourcoveredpicnicsheltersthatareavailableforreservationatthefollowingparks.(溫哥華公園和消遣中心有四個(gè)帶頂?shù)囊安捅幼o(hù)所，可在以下公園預(yù)訂。)”和其次段倒數(shù)其次句“Whennotreserved,sheltersareavailableforfree.(假如沒(méi)有預(yù)訂，庇護(hù)所將免費(fèi)運(yùn)用。)”可知，本文主要介紹的是溫哥華公園和消遣中心的野餐庇護(hù)所，假如這些庇護(hù)所沒(méi)有被預(yù)訂，可以被免費(fèi)運(yùn)用，由此可知，溫哥華野餐庇護(hù)所未被預(yù)訂時(shí)可免費(fèi)運(yùn)用。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段其次句“Reservationsarefortheentiredaywithareservationfeeof$100.(預(yù)訂是一成天的，預(yù)訂費(fèi)為100美元。)”可知，預(yù)訂費(fèi)為100美元，依據(jù)ShelterReservationCancellationPolicy的第一句“Ifcanceled1-4weeksbeforetherentaldate,75%ofthefeewillberefunded.(假如在租賃日期前1—4周取消，將退還75%的費(fèi)用。)”可知，假如在租賃日期前1—4周取消預(yù)定，將退還75%的費(fèi)用，也就是75美元，由此可知，假如你在租賃日期前三周取消，你能拿回75美元。故選B項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】推理推斷題。通讀文章，結(jié)合文章題目“PicnicShelterReservations(野餐庇護(hù)所預(yù)定)”可知，本文主要介紹的是如何預(yù)定野餐庇護(hù)所，通常在旅行或出門(mén)游玩時(shí)人們會(huì)進(jìn)行野餐，由此可知，這篇文章與旅行和閑暇活動(dòng)有關(guān)，最有可能出自一本旅行手冊(cè)。故選D項(xiàng)。BRickGuidottiputasidehiscareerasafashionphotographertoturnhislenstopeoplelivingwithgenetic,physicalandbehavioraldifferences.Hesayswhatchangedhisperceptionofbeautywasachanceencounterwithanalbino(患白化病的)girl.“Iwasjusttiredofpeopletellingmewhowasbeautiful.EveryseasonthatfacewouldchangebutIwasalwaystoldwhowasbeautiful.Asanartist,Idon’tseebeautyjustoncoversofmagazines.Iseeiteverywhere.Sothatwasmyoriginalintention—thatopenedmyeyesalittlewiderandwider.”GuidottihascreatedPositiveExposureanot-for-profitorganizationthatusesphotographyandvideototransformpublicperceptionsandpromoteaworldwheredifferencesarecelebrated.GuidottiandPositiveExposurearefeaturedinanewdocumentarycalledOnBeauty.OneofthewomenfeaturedinthefilmisJayneWaithera.“IneverthoughtIwasbeautifulbecausenobodysaidthattome,butmeetinghimwasmyprofoundmoment.Irememberthatparticularday.HetookmypictureandIfeltsogoodlikeIfeltthere’ssomebodywho,like,reallylovesmeandseesmeforwhoIamandwhoseesmemorethanmycondition.”GuidottiistravelingfromcitytocitytopromoteOnBeauty.Hesayshistourisnotaboutmoney;it’saboutthemessage.“AsItravelfromcommunitytocommunity,I’mtakingphotographsandI’mempoweringindividualswithapositivesenseofwhotheyare.They’reseeingbeautyintheirreflectionbutI’malsoempoweringtheirfamiliesandtheyinturnareempoweringtheircommunitiesaswell.Allisbasedonthephilosophyofchange—howyousee,howyouchange.”4.WhydidGuidottichangehiscareer?A.Becausehewantedtocreatehisowncompany.BBecausethebeautyoncoversofmagazinesisnotbeautiful.C.Becausehecouldn’tearnenoughmoneyfromhisformercareer.D.Becausehiscomprehensionofbeautychangedowingtoanalbinogirl.5.WhatcanweknowaboutPositiveExposure?A.Itmakesthepublicmorebeautiful.B.ItbringsalotofmoneyforGuidotti.C.Itwelcomesdifferencesintheworld.D.Itmakesphotographymorepopular.6.WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbymentioningJayneinParagraph4?A.Jaynewasbeautifulindeed.B.Jayne’spicturewasmorebeautifulthanherself.C.ItwasunfairthatnobodydiscoveredJayne’sbeauty.D.PhotographsgaveJayneapositivesenseofwhoshewas.7.Whatdoestheauthormainlyintendtotellusinthelastparagraph?A.Weshouldtravelfrequently.B.Communitieshaveagreatinfluenceoneveryone.C.Weshouldmakecontributionstoourcommunity.D.Yourattitudetoseeingtheworlddecidesyourbehavior.【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是與一位白化病女孩的偶然相遇使RickGuidotti對(duì)美的看法發(fā)生了變更。他放棄了時(shí)尚攝影師的職業(yè)生涯，將他的鏡頭轉(zhuǎn)向那些在遺傳、生理和行為方面有差異的人，并拍攝了一部名為《何為美》的紀(jì)錄片來(lái)努力推動(dòng)一個(gè)贊美不同和差異的世界?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“RickGuidottiputasidehiscareerasafashionphotographertoturnhislenstopeoplelivingwithgenetic,physicalandbehavioraldifferences.(RickGuidotti放下了時(shí)尚攝影師的職業(yè)，把鏡頭轉(zhuǎn)向了那些在基因、身體和行為上存在差異的人。)”和其次段中的“Hesayswhatchangedhisperceptionofbeautywasachanceencounterwithanalbino(患白化病的)girl.(他說(shuō)，變更他對(duì)美的看法是與一個(gè)白化病女孩的一次偶遇。)”可知，與白化病女孩的偶然相遇變更了他對(duì)美的看法，這件事使得他變更了自己的職業(yè)。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“GuidottihascreatedPositiveExposure,anot-for-profitorganizationthatusesphotographyandvideototransformpublicperceptionsandpromoteaworldwheredifferencesarecelebrated.(Guidotti創(chuàng)建了PositiveExposure，這是一個(gè)非營(yíng)利性組織，通過(guò)攝影和視頻變更公眾的看法，促進(jìn)一個(gè)敬重差異的世界。)”可知，PositiveExposure歡迎世界中的差異。故選C?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段的“IneverthoughtIwasbeautifulbecausenobodysaidthattome,butmeetinghimwasmyprofoundmoment.Irememberthatparticularday.HetookmypictureandIfeltsogoodlikeIfeltthere’ssomebodywho,like,reallylovesmeandseesmeforwhoIamandwhoseesmemorethanmycondition.(我從來(lái)不認(rèn)為自己美麗，因?yàn)闆](méi)人這么說(shuō)我，但遇見(jiàn)他是我人生中最深刻的時(shí)刻。我記得那一天。他給我拍了照片，我感覺(jué)很好，就像有人真的愛(ài)我，看我是誰(shuí)，看我比我的病情更重要。)”可以推斷出，照片讓Jyane對(duì)自己有了正面的相識(shí)。故選D?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Allisbasedonthephilosophyofchange—howyousee,howyouchange.(這一切都基于“變更”的哲學(xué)——你怎么看，你就怎么變更。)”可知，作者通過(guò)這一段告知讀者，你看待世界的看法確定了你的行為。故選D。CPsychologicalscienceisfullofinterestingtopics,manyofwhichtellacoherentpictureofhumannature,butsomeofwhichcreateseeminglycontradictorystories.Acaseinpointisthetrickyandmisunderstoodoverlapbetweenstrength-basedscienceandtheresearchonnarcissism(自戀).Thereisnowconvincingevidencetoshowthatnarcissismisontherise,especiallyinouryouth.Someresearcherssaythatabout25%ofyoungpeopleshowingsymptomsofnarcissism.TheinflatedegoofGenerationMeisreflectedinrealityTV,celebrityworship,andout-of-controlconsumerism.Wearecorrecttobeconcernedaboutthisphenomenon,butourfearthatallkidsarepotentialnarcissistshascausedanunhelpfulcounter-reactiontoapproachesthatseektomakeourchildrenandteensfeelgoodaboutthemselves.Inmyownresearchonstrength-basedparenting,itiscommonforpeopletowronglythinkthisapproachtobethecauseofnarcissism.Theirargumentseemstobethatachildwhoknowstheirstrengthswillautomaticallyviewthemselvesasbetterthaneveryoneelse.Itisarguedthattheself-assurancethatcomeswithidentifyingandusingtheirpositivequalitieswillmakeachildselfishanduncaring.Genuineconfidenceaboutone’sstrengthsiscategorizedasover-confidence;desirableself-knowledgeisbrandedasexcessiveself-admiration.Whydoesthisoccur?It’spartlybecausemoreisknownaboutnarcissismthanstrengths.Whilestrengthspsychologyhaslargelystayedwithinthelimitofacademicjournals,researchonnarcissismhasmadeitswayintothemassmediaandourdailylife.TheNewYorkTimesnotedthatnarcissismisafavoredtopicandthatpeopleeverywherearediagnosingotherswithit.Thefearthatastrength-basedapproachwillcausenarcissismalsooccursbecauseofourbinary(非此即彼)thinking.Wemistakenlybelievethatonecannotbebothconfidentandhumble.WefocusonDonaldTrumpandKimKardashianratherthanMahatmaGandhiandMotherTeresa.Withoutconfidenceintheirstrengths,GandhiandMotherTeresacouldn’thaveachievedsomuch,andyetmodestyandselflessnessaretheirqualities.Whenweassumethatstrength-focusisthesameasaself-focus,wefailtomaketheideaclearthatpeoplewhoknowtheirstrengthsare,actually,morelikelytobepro-socialandreadytohelpothers.It’seasytoconcludethateveryyoungpersonisatriskofbecominganarcissistbutI’dliketostandupforthethousandsofyoungkidsIhaveworkedwithwhoarecaring,thoughtfulandhumble—evenwhentheyusetheirstrengths.8.Whichofthefollowingopinionsmaythewriteragreewith?A.Strength-basedparentingleadstonarcissism.B.It’sunhelpfulforustomakeourchildrenfeelgoodaboutthemselves.C.Tosayallkidsarepotentialnarcissistsisoverstatingthecase.D.Childrenwhoknowtheirstrengthstendtobemoreselfishanduncaring.9.Whyareteenagers’strengthsoftenconsideredasnarcissism?A.Thereisalackofnarcissisminourcommonsense.B.Academicjournalsreportmoreonnarcissism.C.Manypeoplearediagnosedwithnarcissismbydoctors.D.Thegeneralpublichaslessaccesstostrengthspsychology.10.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsyoungkids’strength-basedapproaches?A.Skeptical B.Favorable. C.Neutral. D.Doubtful.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Teens’ConfidenceMisunderstood B.Teens’NarcissismDiagnosisC.Teens’Strength-basedApproach D.Teens’PsychologyResearch【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇爭(zhēng)論文。始終以來(lái)，人們對(duì)個(gè)人優(yōu)勢(shì)和自戀兩者之間相識(shí)不足，導(dǎo)致了對(duì)青少年的自信產(chǎn)生誤會(huì)。作者說(shuō)明了對(duì)青少年的自信被誤會(huì)為自戀的這一現(xiàn)象，及其產(chǎn)生緣由，并認(rèn)為：以突出孩子們優(yōu)勢(shì)為基礎(chǔ)的教養(yǎng)方式是有益的?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段“Wearecorrecttobeconcernedaboutthisphenomenon,butourfearthatallkidsarepotentialnarcissistshascausedanunhelpfulcounter-reactiontoapproachesthatseektomakeourchildrenandteensfeelgoodaboutthemselves.(我們對(duì)這種現(xiàn)象的擔(dān)憂是正確的，但是我們擔(dān)憂全部的孩子都是潛在的自戀者，這對(duì)那些試圖讓孩子和青少年自我感覺(jué)良好的方法造成了無(wú)益的反作用力。)”以及最終一段“It’seasytoconcludethateveryyoungpersonisatriskofbecominganarcissistbutI’dliketostandupforthethousandsofyoungkidsIhaveworkedwithwhoarecaring,thoughtfulandhumble—evenwhentheyusetheirstrengths.(很簡(jiǎn)潔得出這樣的結(jié)論：每個(gè)年輕人都有成為自戀狂的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但我想為與我共事過(guò)的成千上萬(wàn)個(gè)關(guān)切他人、愛(ài)護(hù)他人、謙遜的孩子們說(shuō)話——即使他們發(fā)揮了自己的特長(zhǎng)。)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為不是全部孩子都是潛在的自戀者，這樣的說(shuō)法過(guò)于夸大事實(shí)。故選C項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段最終一句“Genuineconfidenceaboutone’sstrengthsiscategorizedasover-confidence;desirableself-knowledgeisbrandedasexcessiveself-admiration.(對(duì)自己實(shí)力的真正自信被歸類為過(guò)度自信；合適的自我相識(shí)被認(rèn)為是過(guò)度的自我觀賞。)”，以及第五段中的“Whydoesthisoccur?It’spartlybecausemoreisknownaboutnarcissismthanstrengths.Whilestrengthspsychologyhaslargelystayedwithinthelimitofacademicjournals,researchonnarcissismhasmadeitswayintothemassmediaandourdailylife.(為什么會(huì)出現(xiàn)這種狀況？這在肯定程度上是因?yàn)槿藗儗?duì)自戀的了解多于對(duì)優(yōu)點(diǎn)的了解。雖然優(yōu)勢(shì)心理學(xué)在很大程度上還停留在學(xué)術(shù)期刊的范圍內(nèi)，但對(duì)自戀的探討已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了大眾媒體和我們的日常生活。)”可知，青少年因優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)生的自信經(jīng)常被誤認(rèn)為是自戀，是因?yàn)榇蟊妼?duì)自戀很熟識(shí)，而對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)心理學(xué)接觸較少、相對(duì)生疏。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段第一句“Inmyownresearchonstrength-basedparenting,itiscommonforpeopletowronglythinkthisapproachtobethecauseofnarcissism.(在我自己對(duì)基于優(yōu)勢(shì)的教養(yǎng)方式的探討中，人們普遍錯(cuò)誤地認(rèn)為這種方式是自戀的緣由)”可知，人們認(rèn)為基于優(yōu)勢(shì)的育兒方式會(huì)導(dǎo)致孩子自戀，但其實(shí)他們是錯(cuò)誤的；依據(jù)最終一段“It’seasytoconcludethateveryyoungpersonisatriskofbecominganarcissistbutI’dliketostandupforthethousandsofyoungkidsIhaveworkedwithwhoarecaring,thoughtfulandhumble—evenwhentheyusetheirstrengths.(很簡(jiǎn)潔得出這樣的結(jié)論：每個(gè)年輕人都有成為自戀狂的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但我想為與我共事過(guò)的成千上萬(wàn)個(gè)關(guān)切他人、愛(ài)護(hù)他人、謙遜的孩子們說(shuō)話——即使他們發(fā)揮了自己的特長(zhǎng)。)”可推知，在探討基于優(yōu)勢(shì)的教養(yǎng)方式中，看到了成千上萬(wàn)個(gè)關(guān)切他人、愛(ài)護(hù)他人、謙遜的孩子們，說(shuō)明這個(gè)教養(yǎng)方式是可行的，不能把孩子自戀貴就在這種育兒方式上，故作者很贊成基于優(yōu)勢(shì)的教養(yǎng)方式。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段“Psychologicalscienceisfullofinterestingtopics,manyofwhichtellacoherentpictureofhumannature,butsomeofwhichcreateseeminglycontradictorystories.Acaseinpointisthetrickyandmisunderstoodoverlapbetweenstrength-basedscienceandtheresearchonnarcissism.(心理科學(xué)充溢了好玩的話題，其中很多都連貫地描述了人性，但有些則創(chuàng)建了看似沖突的故事。其中一例是，在基于優(yōu)點(diǎn)的心理科學(xué)與自戀探討之間存在微妙而被誤會(huì)的重疊部分。)”，文章接下來(lái)對(duì)青少年的自信被誤會(huì)這一現(xiàn)象及緣由的具體闡述可知，文章主要介紹了青少年的自信被誤會(huì)這一現(xiàn)象以及產(chǎn)生的緣由。再結(jié)合最終一段“It’seasytoconcludethateveryyoungpersonisatriskofbecominganarcissistbutI’dliketostandupforthethousandsofyoungkidsIhaveworkedwithwhoarecaring,thoughtfulandhumble—evenwhentheyusetheirstrengths.(人們很簡(jiǎn)潔得出這樣的結(jié)論：每個(gè)年輕人都有成為自戀狂的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但我想為與我共事過(guò)的成千上萬(wàn)個(gè)關(guān)切他人、愛(ài)護(hù)他人、謙遜的孩子們說(shuō)話——即使他們發(fā)揮了自己的特長(zhǎng)。)”可知，D選項(xiàng)“Teens’ConfidenceMisunderstood(被誤會(huì)的青少年的自信)”能夠概括全文，適合作本文的標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。DWhatkindofpeoplecanbecomescientists?Whenagroupofresearchersposedthatquestiontoninth-and10th-graders,almosteverystudentgavesuchresponsesas“Peoplewhoworkhard”or“Anyonewhoseemsinterestedinthefieldofscience.”Manyofthesesamestudentsstruggledtoimaginethemselvesasscientists,citingconcernssuchas“I’mnotgoodatscience”and“EvenifIworkhard,Iwillnotdowell.”It’seasyforthemtoseeascientist’sworkasarisingfromaninborntalent.Butforhighschoolstudents,learningmoreaboutsomestrugglesofscientistscanhelpstudentsfeelmoremotivatedtolearnscience.ResearchersatTeachersCollege,ColumbiaUniversityandtheUniversityofWashingtondesignedaninterventiontochangestudents’beliefsthatscientificachievementdependsonabilityratherthaneffortbyexposingstudentstostoriesofhowaccomplishedscientistsstruggledandovercamechallengesintheirscientificefforts.Duringthestudy,thestudentsreadoneofthreetypesofstoriesaboutAlbertEinstein,MarieCurieandMichaelFaraday.Intellectual(智力的)strugglestories:storiesabouthowscientists“struggledintellectually,”suchasmakingmistakeswhileaddressingascientificproblemandlearningfromthem.Lifestrugglestories:storiesabouthowscientistsstruggledintheirpersonallives,suchasnotgivingupinthefaceofpovertyorlackoffamilysupport.Achievementstories:storiesabouthowscientistsmadegreatdiscoveries,withoutanydiscussionofcoexistingchallenges.Researchersfoundthatstudentswhoheardeithertypeof“strugglestories”improvedtheirscienceperformanceafter-intervention,comparedtostudentsinthecontrolgroup.Theeffectwasespeciallypronouncedforlowerperformingstudents,forwhomexposuretostrugglingstoriesledtosignificantlybetterscience-classperformancethanlow-performingstudentswhoreadachievementstories.Inaddition,studentswhoreadstrugglestoriesreportedfeelingmorepersonallyconnectedtothescientists.Byrecognizingascientist’sstrugglesandintroducingthegrowthmindsetheorsheappliedtoaccomplishgreatworks,thestudentswereabletoempathize(共情)withthescientistsduringtheirownstruggles.12.Whydostudentsfailtoimaginethemselvesasscientists?A.Theylackinterestinscience. B.TheyareshortofconfidenceC.Theydon’thaveinborntalent. D.Theyhavenoabilitytostudyscience13.What’sthepurposeoftheintervention?A.Tointroducesomeinspirationalstoriestostudents.B.Toexposestudentstoscientists’greatachievements.C.Toensurestudentswillbecomescientistsinthefuture.D.Toclearstudents’misunderstandingsofscientificwork.14.Theunderlinedword“pronounced”inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto________.A.minimal B.noticeable C.doubtful D.long-lasting15.Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearch?A.Scienceabilityhasnothingtodowithefforts.B.Studentsaremoremotivatedbyachievementstories.C.Scientists’strugglestoriescaninfluencereaders’beliefs.D.Low-performingstudentstendtofeelconnectedtoscientists.【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講解并描述了探討人員向九年級(jí)和十年級(jí)的學(xué)生提出“什么樣的人可以成為科學(xué)家”這個(gè)問(wèn)題時(shí)，幾乎每個(gè)學(xué)生的回答都是“努力學(xué)習(xí)的人”或“對(duì)科學(xué)領(lǐng)域感愛(ài)好的人”。為了解除這種誤會(huì)，探討人員設(shè)計(jì)了一項(xiàng)干預(yù)，即了解更多關(guān)于科學(xué)家的奮斗可以幫助學(xué)生更有動(dòng)力學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)，結(jié)果發(fā)覺(jué)，聽(tīng)過(guò)任何一種“奮斗故事”的學(xué)生在干預(yù)后的科學(xué)表現(xiàn)都有所提高?！?2題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章其次段內(nèi)容“Manyofthesesamestudentsstruggledtoimaginethemselvesasscientists,citingconcernssuchas‘I’mnotgoodatscience’and‘EvenifIworkhard,Iwillnotdowell.’It’seasyforthemtoseeascientist’sworkasarisingfromaninborntalent.(同樣是這些學(xué)生中的很多人都很難將自己想象成科學(xué)家，理由是“我不擅長(zhǎng)科學(xué)”和“即使我努力工作，也不會(huì)做得很好”。他們很簡(jiǎn)潔將科學(xué)家的工作視為天生的才能。)”可知，這些學(xué)生認(rèn)為能夠成為科學(xué)家是天生的才能，“自己不擅長(zhǎng)”或“即使努力也無(wú)法做好”這樣的理由可以看作為他們?nèi)狈ψ孕?，從而很難將自己想象成科學(xué)家。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“ResearchersatTeachersCollege,ColumbiaUniversityandtheUniversityofWashingtondesignedaninterventiontochangestudents’beliefsthatscientificachievementreflectsabilityratherthaneffortbyexposingstudentstostoriesofhowaccomplishedscientistsstruggledandovercamechallengesintheirscientificefforts.(老師學(xué)院、哥倫比亞高校和華盛頓高校的探討人員設(shè)計(jì)了一種干預(yù)措施，讓學(xué)生了解有成就的科學(xué)家在科學(xué)努力中如何努力和克服挑戰(zhàn)的故事，從而變更學(xué)生們認(rèn)為科學(xué)成就反映的是實(shí)力而不是努力的觀念。)”可知，這項(xiàng)干預(yù)通過(guò)讓學(xué)生們了解科學(xué)家們是如何努力奮斗克服挑戰(zhàn)的，以澄清學(xué)生對(duì)科學(xué)工作的誤會(huì)。故選D項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】詞義揣測(cè)題。分析可知，非限制性定語(yǔ)從句“forwhomexposuretostrugglingstoriesledtosignificantlybetterscience-classperformancethanlow-performingstudentswhoreadachievementstories.(對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，接觸奮斗故事比閱讀成就故事的成果差的學(xué)生在科學(xué)課上表現(xiàn)更好)”的先行詞為“l(fā)owerperformingstudents(成果差的學(xué)生)”，因此可知，在“干預(yù)”后，接觸奮斗故事的成果差的學(xué)生和閱讀成就故事的成果差的學(xué)生在科學(xué)課上都有了好的表現(xiàn)，且二者之間通過(guò)對(duì)比出現(xiàn)了“更好”，由此可推知，干預(yù)對(duì)于成果差的學(xué)生效果顯著，因此，“Theeffectwasespeciallypronounced”應(yīng)是“效果顯著”的意思，由此可推知，“pronounced”應(yīng)是“明顯的，顯著的”含義，與選項(xiàng)B“noticeable(自不待言的)”含義相同。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章末尾內(nèi)容“Byrecognizingascientist’sstrugglesandintroducingthegrowthmindsetheorsheappliedtoaccomplishgreatworks,thestudentswereabletoempathize(共情)withthescientistsduringtheirownstruggles.(通過(guò)相識(shí)科學(xué)家的奮斗，并介紹他或她在完成宏大工作時(shí)所運(yùn)用的成長(zhǎng)心態(tài)，學(xué)生們能夠在科學(xué)家的奮斗過(guò)程中感同身受。)”可知，通過(guò)了解一個(gè)科學(xué)家的奮斗史，學(xué)生們使得自己在奮斗過(guò)程中能夠產(chǎn)生與科學(xué)家的共鳴，從而能夠變更之前的對(duì)于科學(xué)家工作的誤會(huì)。由此可推知，科學(xué)家的奮斗故事可以影響讀者的信念。故選C項(xiàng)。其次節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分))閱讀下列短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。LearntoCiteSources(引用資料)Duringyouruniversityeducation,you’llbeexposedtoideasandscientifictheoriesofscholarsandscientists.Unavoidably,yourownideaswillbeshapedbytheideasyoucomeacross.___16___Thatmeansyoushouldgobeyondwhatyoulearninyourtextbooksorinthelibrary.Youroriginalworkisthebasisforyourprofessor’sevaluationofyourperformance.Thus,academichonestyisfundamentalinyouruniversityeducation.Itdemandsthatyoucitethesourcematerialsyoubaseyourownworkon.___17___Correctlycitingyoursourceshelpsyoudistinguishyourownideasfromthoseofotherscholars.Onthereaders’side,itpermitsareadertodeterminethedepthofyourresearch.___18___Onthecontrary,lackofcitingwillonlyraiseyourreader’sdoubt.Soyouneedtolearnwhentociteandhowtoprovideanadequateoraccuratereferencelist.Ifyoufailtociteyoursources,whetherdeliberatelyorcarelessly,youwillbefoundresponsibleforplagiarism(抄襲).___19___Ifyouarenotsure,askyourprofessorforguidancebeforesubmittingthepaperorreport.Keepinmindthisgeneralrule:whenindoubt,cite!___20___Forexample,studentsfromEastAsiamaythinkthatcopyingdirectlyfromsourcesistheproperwaytodoresearch.StudentsinFrance,preparingforthefinalexamination,maybeencouragedtomemorizewholepassagesandcopythemintopapers.Thoseculturaldifferencescanleadtofalseassumptionsaboutacademicexpectationsinthecountryyoustudyin.A.Someuniversitystudentsmaycheatindifferentways.B.Theseincludeotherscholars’ideas,figures,graphsandsoon.C.Theacademicchallengeyoufaceistomakesomethingoriginal.D.Often,studentswanttouseothers’opinionstosupporttheirownessays.E.Italsoallowsareadertoappreciateyouroriginalcontributiontotheresearch.F.Forinternationalstudentsitisimportanttoknowlocalacademicexpectations.G.Notknowingacademicregulationsisanunacceptableexcuseforsuchbehavior.【答案】16.C17.B18.E19.G20.F【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。在高校期間，你將接觸到學(xué)者和科學(xué)家的思想和科學(xué)理論。不行避開(kāi)的，你自己的想法會(huì)被你遇到的想法所影響。因此會(huì)不行避開(kāi)須要引用原材料的狀況，文章針對(duì)如何正確地引用原材料進(jìn)行了一些說(shuō)明和建議。【16題詳解】依據(jù)下文Thatmeansyoushouldgobeyondwhatyoulearninyourtextbooksorinthelibrary.Youroriginalworkisthebasisforyourprofessor’sevaluationofyourperformance.（這意味著你應(yīng)當(dāng)超越你在課本或圖書(shū)館學(xué)到的東西。你的原創(chuàng)作品是教授評(píng)價(jià)你表現(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)。）可推想上文是提出：你所面對(duì)的學(xué)術(shù)挑戰(zhàn)是要原創(chuàng)，故選C。【17題詳解】依據(jù)上文Itdemandsthatyoucitethesourcematerialsyoubaseyourownworkon.（它要求在基于你自己工作的基礎(chǔ)上引用材料。）下文列舉材料包括哪些內(nèi)容：這些包括其他學(xué)者的想法，數(shù)字，圖表等等。故選B?！?8題詳解】依據(jù)上文Onthereaders’side,itpermitsareadertodeterminethedepthofyourresearch.（在讀者方面，它允許讀者確定你的探討的深度。）可知是列舉引用材料的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，可對(duì)應(yīng)到E選項(xiàng)：它也能讓讀者觀賞你對(duì)探討的原創(chuàng)性貢獻(xiàn)。故選E?！?9題詳解】依據(jù)下文Ifyouarenotsure,askyourprofessorforguidancebeforesubmittingthepaperorreport.（假如你不確定，在提交論文或報(bào)告之前向你的教授尋求指導(dǎo)。）可知上文中的不了解學(xué)術(shù)規(guī)章制度并不是抄襲的借口。故選G?！?0題詳解】依據(jù)下文Forexample,studentsfromEastAsiamaythinkthatcopyingdirectlyfromsourcesistheproperwaytodoresearch.例如，東亞的學(xué)生可能認(rèn)為干脆從資料中抄襲是做探討的正確方法?？芍径问菍?duì)于國(guó)際學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，了解當(dāng)?shù)氐膶W(xué)術(shù)規(guī)定是很重要的。故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Iusedtowatchherfrommykitchenwindowwhensheplayedwithboysontheplayground.Sheseemedsosmallasshe____21____herwaythroughthecrowdofboys.Aseaofchildren,andyettome,she____22____fromthemall.She____23____toshootjumpshotsjustovertheirheadsandintothenetandnoonecouldstopher.Ibegantonoticeherpracticingdribbling(運(yùn)球)andshootingaloneoverandoveragain,sometimesuntildark.OnedayIaskedherwhyshepracticedsomuch.Without____24____,shesaid,“Iwanttoplaycollegebasketball.MyfathertoldmeifIwasgoodenough,Iwouldgeta(n)____25____,whichwastheonlywayformetogotocollege.MyDaddysaidifthedreamwasbigenough,thefactsdidn’t____26____.”O(jiān)nedayinhersenioryear,Isawhersittinginthegrass,headburiedinherhands.I____27____herdisappointmentandIfeltmyownthroattighten.Isatdowninthecoolgrassbesideherand____28____askedwhatwaswrong.“Oh,nothing,”cameasoft____29____.“Iamjusttoo____30____.”Thecoachtoldherthatat5.5feetshewouldprobablynevergettoplayforatoprankedteam.Shewasheartbroken.Butafterawhile,she____31____herheadfromherhandsandtoldmethatherfathersaidthosecoacheswerewrong.Theyjustdidnotunderstandthe____32____ofadream.Hetoldherthatifshereallywantedtoplayforagoodcollege,ifshetrulywantedascholarship,nothingcouldstopherexceptonething–herown____33____.Thenextyear,assheandherteamwenttotheNorthernCaliforniaChampionshipgame,shewasseenbyacollegerecruiter.Shewasindeed____34____ascholarshiptoaDivisionI,NCAAwomen’sbasketballteamandherdreamcametrue.Thewords____35____inmyearsagain:Ifthedreamisbigenough,thefactsdon’tcount.21.A.felt B.lost C.overlooked D.muscled22.A.stoodout B.cameout C.figuredout D.madeout23.A.intended B.managed C.expected D.pretended24.A.satisfaction B.effort C.hesitation D.doubt25.A.scholarship B.budget C.allowance D.reward26.A.care B.count C.spread D.control27.A.expressed B.touched C.sensed D.grasped28.A.quietly B.eagerly C.initially D.generously29.A.step B.reply C.relief