Unit 2 At the airport 第2課時(shí) 語法知識(shí)及拓展（備課堂）-2021-2022學(xué)年六年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)同步備課系列（牛津上海版）

Leadin—腦筋急轉(zhuǎn)彎Q：小咪昨晚花了整整一個(gè)晚上在歷史課本上，可第二天媽媽還是罵她不用功，為什么？A：她用歷史課本當(dāng)枕頭睡滬教版英語六年級(jí)第二學(xué)期SnowandIceKnowledge冰雪知識(shí)FigureSkating花樣滑冰金博洋中國(guó)花樣滑冰運(yùn)動(dòng)員滬教版英語六年級(jí)第二學(xué)期一、課前回顧單詞默寫：名詞noun形容詞adj.1.

機(jī)場(chǎng)18.

幾個(gè)2.

洛杉磯

3.

手提箱副詞adv.4.

絲綢19.

以前5.

T恤衫20.

然而6.

航班

7.

乘客動(dòng)詞v.8.

離開；出發(fā)21.

裝（箱）9.

倫敦22.

擔(dān)心10.

注釋；提醒23.

帶...到某處11.

手推車24.

不得不12.

護(hù)照

13.

登機(jī)牌

14.

姓名牌

15.

美元

16.

地址

17.

清單二、新課導(dǎo)入讀以下課文，完成下面表格：

MrWang:WhattimedoesyourplaneleaveforLosAngelestomorrow?Grandma:Atthreeo’clockintheafternoon.MrsWang:Howlongdoesittaketotraveltotheairport?MrWang:Ittakesaboutoneandahalfhours.MrsWang:Whattimeshouldwearriveattheairport?MrWang:Theplaneticketsays,“Allpassengersmustarriveattheairporttwohoursbeforethedeparturetime.”Weshouldarriveattheairportbeforeoneo’clockintheafternoon.Grandma:Ohno!We’llhavetostaytherefortwohours.MrWang:Don’tworry.Thereareplentyofshopsattheairport.MrsWang:Whattimearewegoingtoleavehometomorrow?MrWang:We’regoingtoleavehomeateleventhirtyinthemorning.

From：To:DepartureTime：ArrivalTime：Timetoleavehome:Timetoarriveattheairport:三、新課講解（一）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞have/has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。現(xiàn)以動(dòng)詞work為例，將其肯定式、否定式、疑問式及簡(jiǎn)略答語列表如下：肯定式否定式I/Youhaveworked.He/She/Ithasworked.We/You/Theyhaveworked.I/Youhavenotworked.He/She/Ithasnotworked.We/You/Theyhavenotworked.疑問式簡(jiǎn)略答語HaveI/youworked?Hashe/she/itworked?Havewe/you/theyworked?Yes,

you/Ihave.Yes,

he/she/ithas.Yes,

you/we/theyhave.No,

you/Ihavenot.No,

he/she/ithasnot.

No,

you/we/theyhavenot.【友情提示】規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞的構(gòu)成與過去式相同。不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞則要特殊記憶。have

not常簡(jiǎn)縮為haven't，hasnot常簡(jiǎn)縮為hasn't。（二）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法1.表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。

e.g.-Haveyouhadyourlunchyet?

你吃午飯了嗎？-Yes,Ihave.I'vejusthadit.是的，我剛吃過。Ihavealreadypostedthephotos.我已經(jīng)把這些照片寄出去了。（這些照片已不在我這里了）Ihavealreadyseenthefilm.我已經(jīng)看過這部電影了。（了解了電影的內(nèi)容）

2.表示過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，可以和表示從過去某一時(shí)刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時(shí)間連用。表示持續(xù)動(dòng)作狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞多是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。e.g.Wehaveknowneachotherfor3years.我們彼此已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)三年了。I'vebeenatthisschoolforover2years.我已經(jīng)在這所學(xué)校呆了兩年多了。Theyhavelivedheresince1996.他們自從1996年就居住在這里了。Howlonghaveyoutaughtatthisschool?

你在這所學(xué)校教書有多久了？ShehastaughtussinceIcametothisschool.自從我來這所學(xué)校她就教我們。（三）與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的常用副詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與already(已經(jīng)），ever（曾經(jīng)），never（從來不），just（剛剛），before（以前），yet（已經(jīng)；仍然）等副詞連用。e.g.Haveyouevermadedumplings?

你包過餃子嗎？I'vejustlostmyEnglishbook.我剛剛把我的英語書弄丟了。I'veneverbeentothatfarmbefore.我以前從未去過那家農(nóng)場(chǎng)。Ihaven'tlearnedthetextyet.我還沒有學(xué)那篇課文。（四）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)中應(yīng)注意的問題1.點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別(1)所謂點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞是指含有終止或短暫意義的動(dòng)詞。如：begin,end,die,buy,borrow,come,arrive,join,marry等動(dòng)詞。它們通常不與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。e.g.Ihaveboughtabook.我買了一本書。I'vehadthisbookforthreeweeks.這本書我已經(jīng)買了三個(gè)星期了。(2)某些非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞可以與since連用，表示重復(fù)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。e.g.IhavemetheroftensinceImovedhere.自從我搬到這兒，我經(jīng)常遇見她。Theyhavegonefishingfivetimessincelastspring.自從去年春天以來，他們已釣了5次魚了。(3)有些非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中可以與since或for短語連用。e.g.Hehasnevertouchedbeerforawholeweek.他整個(gè)星期都滴酒未沾。Ihaven’tboughtanythingforayear.一年來我什么都沒買。

2.hasbeento和hasgoneto的區(qū)別hasbeento表示“曾經(jīng)去過”，說明所提及的對(duì)象已回到說話地點(diǎn)。hasgoneto表示“去……”，說明所提及的對(duì)象不在說話地點(diǎn)。e.g.I'vebeento

Beijingformanytimes.我到過北京很多次了。TomhasgonetoBeijingandwillcomebacknextweek.湯姆已到北京去了，下星期才回來。I.Choosethemostproperanswer.()1.Thereare

flowersinthegarden.A.notB.notmany

C.notmuch D.notalotof()2.Weneedtopractice

Englisheveryday.A.read B.reading C.toread D.haveread()3.

isanindooractivity.A.Goingonapicnic B.PlayingfootballC.Playingthepiano D.Playingbadminton()4.A:

doyouwatchTV?B:Twiceaweek.A.HowlongB.Howsoon

C.Howfar D.Howoften()5.Don'tforget

atrolleywhenyouareinasupermarket.A.takingB.takeC.totake D.taken()6.Maryoftenhelpshermother

somehousework.A.

doingB.

do

C.didD.havedone()7.Iplay

pianoverywell,butIcan'tplay

tennis.A.the,theB.a,a C.the,/ D./,the()8.Mr.Greywasborn

May1,1998.A.ofB.in

C.on

D.at()9.I'drather

whenIhaveenoughtime.A.goshopping B.togoshoppingC.wentshopping D.goingshopping()10.Thereare

peopleinthehall.A.twohundredB.twohundreds

C.hundredof D.twohundredsof()11.Heilongjiangis

thenortheastofChina.A.in B.of C.to D.from()12.Ilikecoffee

sugar.A.about B.for

C.with

D.on()13.A:Who

youEnglishthisterm?

B:Mrs.Blackis.A.teach B.teachesC.isgoingtoteach D.isteach()14.