北京市通州區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期4月期中英語試題

通州區(qū)2023—2024學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高一年級期中質(zhì)量檢測英語試卷2024年4月本試卷共10頁，共100分?？荚嚂r長90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，請將答題卡交回。第一部分：知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Thebellrangtosignalthebeginningoflunch.Juanitarushedoutoftheclassroomandheaded___1___forthelibrary.Therewasnowayshewasgoingtoeatinthecafeteriatoday.Notaftershedid___2___whenshewasaskedtorepresentherclasstogiveaspeechintheschool.Shewasafraidthatthiswouldmakeherclassmatesandteachersadanddisappointed.Juanitacouldn’tbelieveherluck.Noone___3___shehadgonemissing.Eventheteachers,intheir___4___tohavetheirownthirtyminutebreak,weren’tawarethatshehadslippedawayfromtherestoftheclass.Ifherluckwouldonlyhold,shecouldslip(滑)pasttheeyesofMrs.McGuire,thelibrarian,and___5___outinthecornerwherethere’sanice,minutecubbyholejustlargeenoughforhertositandgounseen.Itdidn’ttakelongforJuanitatosolvehernextdilemma.Whensheroundedtheer,shewas___6___toseeherentireclass,includingherteacher,standinginherway.TheymusthaveenteredthroughtheothersetofdoubledoorswhileJuanitawastryingtosneak(溜)pastthefrontdesk.“Icanexplain,”Juanita’svoicesoundedworriedeventoherownears.“Youdon’tneedto,”herteacher___7___.“Wearelikeafamily,Juanita.Sometimeswemakemistakes.Sometimeswegetembarrassed.Sometimeswegetupset.Sometimes,weevendothingswewishwehadn’tdone.But,whatwedon’tdo,whatweneverdo,isnotbethereforeachother.Andwedon’tgivewaytothe___8___.”ShesmiledatJuanita,andalltheotherstudentsbeganto___9___.Juanitaknewshewouldneverforgettoday.Nomatterwhathappenedfromthispointforward,shewouldalwaysrememberhowkindeveryonehad_____10_____her,andshehopedshecouldpaythekindnessforward.1.A.straight B.back C.off D.up2.A.carefully B.poorly C.directly D.immediately3.A.figured B.protested C.proved D.noticed4.A.rush B.need C.attempt D.hope5.A.give B.step C.hide D.find6.A.grateful B.shocked C.excited D.amazed7.A.calledin B.tookin C.brokein D.droppedin8.A.opportunities B.challenges C.pressures D.beliefs9.A.cheer B.greet C.forgive D.disappear10.A.benefitted B.inspired C.pressed D.treated【答案】1.A2.B3.D4.A5.C6.B7.C8.B9.A10.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Juanita因?yàn)檠葜v表現(xiàn)不佳而感到尷尬，并試圖逃避午餐時間以避免面對同學(xué)和老師，但最終被全班同學(xué)和老師接納和理解的經(jīng)歷?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：鈴聲響起，宣告午餐時間開始。Juanita沖出教室，徑直向圖書館走去。A.straight徑直地；B.back向后；C.off遠(yuǎn)離；D.up向上。根據(jù)下文“Therewasnowayshewasgoingtoeatinthecafeteriatoday.”可知，Juanita不打算吃飯，所以一下課她，就徑直向圖書館走去。故選A?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這全都是因?yàn)槟翘焖灰蟠戆嗉壴谌０l(fā)表演講，而她表現(xiàn)得糟透了。A.carefully仔細(xì)地；B.poorly糟糕地；C.directly直接地；D.immediately立即。根據(jù)下文“Shewasafraidthatthiswouldmakeherclassmatesandteachersadanddisappointed.”可推測，她演講的表現(xiàn)很糟糕，所以她不想看到失望的老師和同學(xué)。故選B?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：沒人注意到她失蹤了。A.figured理解；B.protested抗議；C.proved證明；D.noticed注意。根據(jù)上文“Shewasafraidthatthiswouldmakeherclassmatesandteachersadanddisappointed.”以及下文“Eventheteachers,intheir___4___tohavetheirownthirtyminutebreak,weren’tawarethatshehadslippedawayfromtherestoftheclass.”可知，沒有人注意到她。故選D?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就連老師們都在忙著自己的30分鐘休息時間，也沒有意識到她已經(jīng)從班上其他同學(xué)身邊溜走了。A.rush匆忙；B.need需求；C.attempt試圖；D.hope希望。根據(jù)空后的“weren’tawarethatshehadslippedawayfromtherestoftheclass.”可知，老師都在忙著休息，所以并沒有注意到Juanita溜出去了。故選A?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果運(yùn)氣好的話，她就能逃過圖書管理員McGuire夫人的眼睛，躲到角落里。A.give給；B.step踏；C.hide躲藏；D.find發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“wherethere’sanice,minutecubbyholejustlargeenoughforhertositandgounseen.”可推測，她打算躲在角落里。故選C?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她轉(zhuǎn)過拐角時，她震驚地看到全班同學(xué)，包括她的老師，都擋住了她的去路。A.grateful感激的；B.shocked震驚的；C.excited興奮的；D.amazed驚訝的。根據(jù)上文可知，Juanita不想看到失望的老師和同學(xué)，所以下課后直接前往圖書館，想躲起來。而此時，她看到了全班同學(xué)和老師，按照常理判斷，此刻的她感到很震驚。故選B?！?題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：“你不需要解釋，”她的老師打斷了她的話。A.calledin召集；B.tookin吸收；C.brokein打斷；D.droppedin順便走訪。根據(jù)空后“Wearelikeafamily,Juanita.Sometimeswemakemistakes.Sometimeswegetembarrassed.Sometimeswegetupset.Sometimes,weevendothingswewishwehadn’tdone.But,whatwedon’tdo,whatweneverdo,isnotbethereforeachother.Andwedon’tgivewaytothe___8___.”可知，老師并沒有讓她解釋，反而是打斷了她的話。故選C?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們也不會向挑戰(zhàn)讓步。A.opportunities機(jī)會；B.challenges挑戰(zhàn)；C.pressures壓力；D.beliefs信念。根據(jù)第一段“Notaftershedid___2___whenshewasaskedtorepresentherclasstogiveaspeechintheschool.”可知，Juanita演講很糟糕，而面對這樣的處境，她選擇了躲避。由此可知，老師是鼓勵她不要向這樣的挑戰(zhàn)讓步。故選B?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她朝Juanita笑了笑，其他所有學(xué)生都開始?xì)g呼起來。A.cheer歡呼；B.greet迎接；C.forgive原諒；D.disappear消失。根據(jù)上文“ShesmiledatJuanita”以及老師的那段話可知，同學(xué)們開始?xì)g呼起來。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：從現(xiàn)在開始，無論發(fā)生什么，她都會永遠(yuǎn)記得每個人對她的好，她希望自己能把這份善意傳遞下去。A.benefitted從……獲益；B.inspired激勵；C.pressed按壓；D.treated對待。根據(jù)上文可知，Juanita演講很糟糕，她害怕同學(xué)和老師的失望，所以打算躲起來。而她的同學(xué)和老師卻鼓勵她，包容她，所以她永遠(yuǎn)都會記得同學(xué)和老師是如何對待自己的。故選D。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Ofallthetraditionalfestivals,theharvestfestivalcanbefoundinalmosteveryculture.Thisimportantagriculturalfestival____11____(take)placeafterallthecropshavebeengatheredin.InancientEgypt,theharvestfestival____12____(celebrate)duringthespringtime—theEgyptianharvestseason.Itfeaturedaparadeandagreatfeastwithmusicdancing,andsports.DuringtheMidAutumnFestivalinChina,familiesgather____13____(admire)theshiningmoonandenjoydeliciousmooncakes.【答案】11.takes12.wascelebrated13.toadmire【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章指出幾乎每一種文化中都存在豐收節(jié)這一傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，并簡要介紹了古埃及的豐收節(jié)習(xí)俗和中國的中秋節(jié)習(xí)俗。【11題詳解】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：這個重要的農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)日發(fā)生在所有的莊稼收割完畢之后。takeplace“發(fā)生”作句子的謂語，此處在描述規(guī)律性的行為，時態(tài)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，且主語Thisimportantagriculturalfestival是單數(shù)，take應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填takes?！?2題詳解】考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：在古埃及，豐收節(jié)是在春天慶祝的——埃及的收獲季節(jié)?？仗幾骶渥拥闹^語，結(jié)合“InancientEgypt”可知，此處在敘述過去發(fā)生的事情，時態(tài)應(yīng)用一般過去時，celebrate“慶祝”和主語theharvestfestival之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，且主語是單數(shù)，be動詞應(yīng)用was。故填wascelebrated?！?3題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在中國的中秋節(jié)，家人聚在一起賞月，享受美味的月餅。句子已有謂語gather，空處是非謂語動詞，表示“為了……”，應(yīng)用admire的不定式形式，作目的狀語。故填toadmire。B閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Ireland’sbeautifulcountrysidehasalwayshadagreatinfluenceonitspeopleandtraditions.Itscountrysideexcitesandinspiresall,____14____(offer)somethingforeachofthesenses.Thepeacefullandscapeandmanygreencountiesisatruefeastfortheeyes,withitsrollinggreenhillsdottedwithsheep____15____cattle.Withallthisbeauty,itisnotsurprisingthatIreland____16____(develop)strongtraditionsthatincludedancinganddining.【答案】14.offering15.and16.hasdeveloped【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是愛爾蘭美麗的鄉(xiāng)村風(fēng)光?！?4題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：它的鄉(xiāng)村令人興奮，激發(fā)了所有人的靈感，為每一種感官提供了一些東西。此空為非謂語動詞作狀語，offer與邏輯主語Itscountryside之間為主動關(guān)系，所以此處使用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語。故填offering?！?5題詳解】考查連詞。句意：寧靜的風(fēng)景和許多綠色的縣是一個真正的視覺盛宴，起伏的綠色山丘點(diǎn)綴著羊和牛。此空應(yīng)為連詞連接sheep和cattle，結(jié)合句意，此處表示并列關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)為并列連詞and。故填and?！?6題詳解】考查謂語動詞。句意：有了這些美景，愛爾蘭形成了包括跳舞和用餐在內(nèi)的強(qiáng)大傳統(tǒng)也就不足為奇了。此空為從句的謂語動詞，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示該動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響，所以使用現(xiàn)在完成時，develop與主語Ireland之間為主動關(guān)系，且主語為第三人稱單數(shù)。故填hasdeveloped。C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。JanTchamanisuddenlydevelopedaseriousillnessandhadtoquitherjob.Atage50,shefoundherselfoutofworkandstuckathomewithonlyherputer____17____(keep)herpany.Afterawhile,shediscoveredthat____18____(surf)theInternetcouldhelpherfeellesslonely.Shejoinedanonlinegroup____19____shecouldtalkaboutherproblemsandgetsupportfromothers.SherealisedthatoneofthegreatestbenefitsoftheInternetwasitsabilitytoremovethedistancethat____20____(usual)existsbetweenpeople.【答案】17.tokeep18.surfing19.where20.usually【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了JanTchamani因疾病而失業(yè)，隨后通過上網(wǎng)來減少孤獨(dú)感，并在在線社區(qū)中獲得支持和幫助的經(jīng)歷?！?7題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：50歲時，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己失業(yè)了，只能呆在家里，只有電腦陪伴著她。此處作賓語補(bǔ)足語，賓語“herputer”和動詞“keep”之間為主動關(guān)系，表將來的動作，應(yīng)用動詞不定式。故填tokeep。【18題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：過了一段時間，她發(fā)現(xiàn)上網(wǎng)可以幫助她減少孤獨(dú)感。此處作從句的主語，表示經(jīng)常性行為，應(yīng)用動名詞。故填surfing?！?9題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：她加入了一個在線團(tuán)體，在那里她可以談?wù)撟约旱膯栴}并從他人那里獲得支持。此處引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句的關(guān)系詞，，先行詞為“group”，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，意為“在團(tuán)體中”，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。故填where?！?0題詳解】考查副詞。句意：她意識到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)最大的好處之一就是能夠消除人與人之間通常存在的距離。此處修飾動詞exist，應(yīng)用副詞usually，意為“通?！保鳡钫Z。故填usually。第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ASurfCampOverviewTakeadvantageofthisopportunitytosurfthebestwavesoftheChristchurchsurfregionwhileyoureceiveindepthsurfcoaching.TheKaikouracoastwillbeourtargetdestination.Everythingisdesignedfortheaveragesurferwhomayhavestartedlaterthantheywouldhaveliked.It’saboutfunandnewsurfingexperiences.Youwillimproveyoursurfingbytheorysessions,landbasedsimulations(模擬)videocoachingandtipsonmindset.Day1:WewillmeetasagroupinChristchurcharound10am,loadupthevan(小型貨車)withoursurfboardsandequipmentandheadforKaikoura.Wewillgettoknoweachother,I’llfigureoutwhereyoursurfingisatandwe’llhopefullyfittwosessionsinonceatourdestination.Day24:Threefulldaysofcontinuoussurfingandcoaching.Inbetweensessionswe’llcheckvideosandgothroughtheorylessonswhilecalmingdown.Wecanalsocheckoutlocalattractionsandgoodfoodspotsetc.Day5:We’llfitinacoupleofsurfsessionsbeforeheadingbacktoChristchurchAirportaround2pm.ByattendingtheChristchurchsurfcampyouwilleawaywiththeskillsandconfidencetomovegraduallyinthedirectionofyoursurfinggoals.Ihopeyou’llfeelasenseofpossibilitythatyoucanlearnsomenewskills.You’llalsoget:●videofootage(片段)fromallyoursurfsessions●downloadsofallthematerialfromthetheorysessions●arelaxingpositivetimewithlikemindedpeople21.Whoarethecamptargetedat?A.Professionalathletes. B.Unskilledsurfers.C.Surflifeguards. D.Surfcoaches.22.WhatwillparticipantsdoonDay1?A.Selectpropersurfboards. B.Visitlocalattractions.C.Receiveskillcheck. D.Watchvideolessons.23.Whatwillparticipantsgetfromthiscamp?A.Resourcesandskills. B.Medalsandcertificates.C.Ticketsandadditionaltraining. D.Individualtutoringandonlineclasses.【答案】21.B22.C23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹的是沖浪營的相關(guān)信息?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Everythingisdesignedfortheaveragesurferwhomayhavestartedlaterthantheywouldhaveliked.(一切都是為一般的沖浪者設(shè)計的，他們可能開始得比他們想要的晚。)”可知，改沖浪營視為一般的設(shè)計者設(shè)計的，他們一般開始的比較晚，由此可知，該營地是為不熟練的沖浪者作為目標(biāo)對象的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Wewillgettoknoweachother,I’llfigureoutwhereyoursurfingisatandwe’llhopefullyfittwosessionsinonceatourdestination.(我們會互相了解，我會弄清楚你在哪里沖浪，希望我們能在目的地安排兩次訓(xùn)練課程。)”可知，第一天要對參與者進(jìn)行了解，弄清楚在那里沖浪合適，由此可知，在第一天參與者應(yīng)是接受技能檢查。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)尾段中的“Ihopeyou’llfeelasenseofpossibilitythatyoucanlearnsomenewskills.You’llalsoget:●videofootage(片段)fromallyoursurfsessions●downloadsofallthematerialfromthetheorysessions●arelaxingpositivetimewithlikemindedpeople(我希望你能感覺到你可以學(xué)到一些新技能的可能性。你還會得到：●來自于所有的沖浪訓(xùn)練課的視頻片段●所有理論課的資料●與志同道合的人一起度過一段輕松愉快的時光)”可知，通過該訓(xùn)練營你可以學(xué)習(xí)到一些新技能，還會得到訓(xùn)練課的視頻以及所有的理論課的資料，由此可知，參與者將從營中得到一些資源和技能。故選A項(xiàng)。BWhenIwasinmiddleschool,mysocialstudiesteacherapproachedmeaboutenteringawritingcontest.Atfirst,IdeclinedwithoutthinkingbecauseEnglishwasonlymysecondlanguage.WritingwassodifficultandpainfulformethatmyteacherallowedmetopresentmypaperonthesinkingoftheTitanicbyactingoutaplay,whereIplayedalltheparts.Noonelaughedharderthanhedid.So,whydidhesuddenlyforcemetodosomethingatwhichIwassuretofail?Hisreply,“BecauseIloveyourstories.Ifyou’rewillingtoapplyyourselfIthinkyouhaveagoodshotatthis.”Encouragedbyhiswords,Iagreedtogiveitatry.Aftermuchthinking,Isettledonanunconventionaltopic:PaulRevere’shorse.Idecidedtonarrate(敘述)theeventsofthathistoricnightfromthehorse’sperspective.Itwasanunusualchoice,butIhopeditwouldsetmywritingapartfromtheothers.AsIbegantowrite,Ifoundmyselfempathizing(同情)withthehorse’sjourney.Whatdidthehorsethink,asspedthroughthenight?Didhegettired?Havedoubts?Didhewanttoquit?Likethehorse,Itooencounteredchallengesalongtheway.Thereweremomentsofexhaustion,selfdoubt,andastrongdesiretogiveup.ButIpersisted,fueledbytheencouragementofmyteacherandmyowndetermination.Ipouredmyselfintotheessay,carefullycheckingspellingandgrammarandabsorbedinresearchatthelibrary.Witheachrevision,Iimprovedmystorytellingskillsandgrewmorepassionateabouttheprocess.WhenIhandedinthefinaldrafttomyteacher,helaughedatthehumorandcreativityinmywritingbutchallengedmetorefineitevenfurther.Andso,IrevisedandrewrotetirelesslyuntilIfeltasenseofsatisfactionwiththefinishedproduct.Intheend,thethoughtofwinningthecontesttookabackseattothejoyIfoundinthewritingitself.WhetherornotIemergedvictoriouswasnolongermyprimaryconcern.Ihaddiscoveredapassionandasenseofachievementthatwentbeyondanyawards.24.Whattopicdidtheauthorchooseforthewritingcontest?A.ThesinkingoftheTitanic. B.PaulRevere’shorse.C.Thehistoryofsocialstudies. D.TheAmericanRevolution.25.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutthewritingpetitionatfirst?A.Excitedandconfident. B.Curiousandinterested.C.Unwillinganddoubtful. D.Enthusiasticanddetermined.26Whatdoesthehorse’sjourneyreflectabouttheauthor’swritingexperience?ATheauthorconsideredquittingbutheldon.B.Theauthorhadnopassionforthewritingprocess.C.Theauthorfacedphysicalchallengeswhilewriting.DTheauthorexperiencedconstantsuccessandsatisfaction.27.Whatdidtheauthorgetafterthewritingcontest?A.Theawardofthewritingcontest.B.Anewfoundpassionforhistory.C.Asenseofhumorinwriting.D.Asenseofachievementandloveforwriting.【答案】24.B25.C26.A27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者參加寫作比賽的一段經(jīng)歷，起初作者拒絕了老師讓自己參加寫作比賽的提議，但在老師的鼓勵下，他選擇了一個不同尋常的話題。在寫作過程中，作者遇到了挑戰(zhàn)，但堅持了下來。他全身心地投入到文章中，不斷修改和完善。最終，作者在寫作中找到了快樂和成就感，是否獲勝已不再重要?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Aftermuchthinking,Isettledonanunconventionaltopic:PaulRevere’shorse.Idecidedtonarrate(敘述)theeventsofthathistoricnightfromthehorse’sperspective.(經(jīng)過深思熟慮，我選定了一個不同尋常的話題：保羅·里維爾的馬。我決定從馬的角度來敘述那個具有歷史意義的夜晚發(fā)生的事情)”可知，作者為寫作比賽選擇的話題是保羅·里維爾的馬。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Atfirst,IdeclinedwithoutthinkingbecauseEnglishwasonlymysecondlanguage.(起初，我不假思索地拒絕了，因?yàn)橛⒄Z只是我的第二語言)”和“So,whydidhesuddenlyforcemetodosomethingatwhichIwassuretofail?(那么，為什么他突然強(qiáng)迫我做一件我肯定會失敗的事情呢)”可知，起初作者拒絕了老師讓自己參加寫作比賽的提議，因?yàn)橛⒄Z并非他熟練掌握的語言，他覺得自己一定會失敗。由此可知，當(dāng)時他對寫作比賽感到不情愿和懷疑。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Likethehorse,Itooencounteredchallengesalongtheway.Thereweremomentsofexhaustion,selfdoubt,andastrongdesiretogiveup.ButIpersisted,fueledbytheencouragementofmyteacherandmyowndetermination.(就像這匹馬一樣，我也在路上遇到了挑戰(zhàn)。有時會感到疲憊，自我懷疑，強(qiáng)烈地想要放棄。但在老師鼓勵和我自己的決心的推動下，我堅持了下來)”可知，正如這匹馬的旅程一樣，作者的寫作經(jīng)歷是艱難的，他考慮過放棄，但還是堅持了下來。故選A項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Intheend,thethoughtofwinningthecontesttookabackseattothejoyIfoundinthewritingitself.WhetherornotIemergedvictoriouswasnolongermyprimaryconcern.Ihaddiscoveredapassionandasenseofachievementthatwentbeyondanyawards.(最后，贏得比賽的想法讓位于我在寫作中找到的快樂。我是否獲勝不再是我最關(guān)心的問題。我發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種超越任何獎項(xiàng)的激情和成就感)”可知，寫作比賽結(jié)束后，作者獲得了成就感和對寫作的熱愛。故選D項(xiàng)。CAswarmbloodspatteredalloverus,Iscreamed…actuallyitwaswater,butthatdidn’tstopmebeingsoscaredthatmyheartwasnearlybeatingoutofmychest.MyfriendhadpersuadedmeontotheHotelPsychorideatthePraterAmusementPark,I’munwillingtoexperienceanyfear,butIdecidedtodoitanyway.Icameofftherideshakingbutexcited.ApparentlyEleanorRooseveltdidn’tactuallysay“doonethingthatscaresyoueveryday”,asisoftenthought,butneverthelessit’sagreatruletofollow.Youdon’tneedtogoonafairgroundrideorjumpoutofaplane,butitisagoodideatopushyourselfoutofyourfortzoneregularly.Thehumanbrain,particularlytheamygdale(杏仁核),isdesignedtokeepyousafe.Thissoundslikeagoodthing,andobviously,sometimesitis.However,thefactthattheamygdalaisalwaysonthelookoutfordangermeansthatitwillprioritizeprotectingyouoveralmostanythingelse:learningsomethingnew,experiencingsomethingamazing,gettingagreatopportunityandmeetingotherpeople.Theamygdalawouldreallyjustlikeyoutostayputinanicesafedarkcave.Themoreyoulistentoitsurgingstoavoidallrisks,thenarroweranddarkeryourlifewillbee.Thereisplentyofevidencethatthemosteffectivewaytodealwithourfearsandanxietiesisexposingourselvestowhatwefear.Youcanstartoffwithsmallsteps,butthemoreyouconfront(面對)yourfears,thesmallertheybee:whereasthemoreyouallowyourfearstopreventyoufromdoingthings,thebiggerthosefearsseemtobe.Forthisreason,itisimportanttostretchyourselfandkeepallthosepossibilitiesopen.Youneedtotakerisksanddothingsthatpetrifyyou,sothatyouknowjustwhatyou’recapableof.Sometimesthoseriskswon’tworkout,butthat’sfine,aslongasyoucanlearnfromtheexperience,andgetreadyforthenextadventure.28.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?A.Bygivingadefinition. B.Bytellingahorriblestory.C.Byquotingfromaclassicbook. D.Bydescribinghisownexperience.29.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheamygdala?A.Itstopspeoplefromtryingthingsout.BItfunctionswellinadarkenvironment.C.Itintroducessomerisktakingactivities.D.Ithighlightspeople’sdemandforlearning.30.WhatdoestheauthortellusaboutourfearsinParagraph4?A.Theycouldbehardtoovere.B.Theyshouldbeaddressedeffectively.C.Theywouldbenecessaryforsurvival.D.Theymightberegularvisitorstoourlife.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“petrify”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Inspire. B.Scare. C.fort. D.Anger.【答案】28.D29.A30.B31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章認(rèn)為人應(yīng)該定期讓自己走出舒適區(qū)，因?yàn)橐晃兜卮诎踩孢m的地方會使生活變得狹隘。文章還指出通過直面恐懼我們才能逐漸克服恐懼，因此鼓勵我們冒險去做讓自己害怕的事情，即使冒險不成功，也能從經(jīng)驗(yàn)中吸取教訓(xùn)?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Aswarmbloodspatteredalloverus,Iscreamed…actuallyitwaswater,butthatdidn’tstopmebeingsoscaredthatmyheartwasnearlybeatingoutofmychest.MyfriendhadpersuadedmeontotheHotelPsychorideatthePraterAmusementPark,I’munwillingtoexperienceanyfear,butIdecidedtodoitanyway.Icameofftherideshakingbutexcited.(溫暖的血液濺了我們一身，我尖叫起來，其實(shí)那是水，但這并不能阻止我的恐懼，我的心幾乎要跳出胸腔了。我的朋友說服我去普拉特游樂園玩“驚魂飛車”，我不愿意經(jīng)歷任何恐懼，但我還是決定去做。我下了車，渾身發(fā)抖，但很興奮)”可知，作者是通過描述他自己玩“驚魂飛車”的經(jīng)歷，來引出如何對待恐懼這一話題的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thehumanbrain,particularlytheamygdale(杏仁核),isdesignedtokeepyousafe.(人類的大腦，尤其是杏仁核，是用來保護(hù)你的安全的)”和“However,thefactthattheamygdalaisalwaysonthelookoutfordangermeansthatitwillprioritizeprotectingyouoveralmostanythingelse:learningsomethingnew,experiencingsomethingamazing,gettingagreatopportunityandmeetingotherpeople.(然而，杏仁核總是在尋找危險的事實(shí)意味著它會優(yōu)先考慮保護(hù)你，而不是其他任何事情：學(xué)習(xí)新東西，體驗(yàn)神奇的東西，獲得好機(jī)會和結(jié)識其他人)”可知，杏仁核會保護(hù)人的安全，阻止人們嘗試可能存在危險的新事物。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thereisplentyofevidencethatthemosteffectivewaytodealwithourfearsandanxietiesisexposingourselvestowhatwefear.Youcanstartoffwithsmallsteps,butthemoreyouconfront(面對)yourfears,thesmallertheybee:whereasthemoreyouallowyourfearstopreventyoufromdoingthings,thebiggerthosefearsseemtobe.(有大量證據(jù)表明，處理恐懼和焦慮的最有效方法是讓自己暴露在恐懼之中。你可以從一小步開始，但是你越是直面你的恐懼，它們就會變得越??；然而，你越是讓恐懼阻止你做事，這些恐懼就會變得越大)”可知，作者認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)直面恐懼，從小處著手逐步克服恐懼。由此可知，作者想要告訴我們應(yīng)該有效地消除恐懼。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞的上文“Forthisreason,itisimportanttostretchyourselfandkeepallthosepossibilitiesopen.Youneedtotakerisks(出于這個原因，延展你自己，保持所有的可能性是很重要的。你需要冒險)”可知，作者建議我們?nèi)L試可能性，去冒險，因此是去做讓自己害怕的事情，畫線詞意思應(yīng)該是“使感到驚恐，使感到害怕”，與Scare意思相近。故選B項(xiàng)。DItiswidelyknownthatchildren’sinterestinnatureiscrucialfortheirmentalhealthandbiodiversity(生物多樣性)protectionefforts.Buthowcanparentsandteachersdevelopchildren’sinterestinnatureinthefirstplace?Theanswermaylieinagarden.Chineseresearchershaverecentlyreportedthataschoolgardenwithabundantnaturalponents(元素)canbeusedtocultivatetheinterestofprimaryschoolchildreninnaturewhilehelpingtorelievetheirstudyrelatedstress.InastudypublishedinthejournalPeopleandNature,aresearchteamfromXishuangbannaTropicalBotanicalGardenoftheChineseAcademyofSciencesanalyzedtheimpactofnaturalobservationandinquirybasedlearningactivitiesinaschoolgardenonthedevelopmentofchildren’sinterestinnature.Theresearchersconductedaseriesofteachinginterventions(干預(yù))overasemesterinacampusgardenofaprimaryschoolinXishuangbanna,Yunnanprovince.Theprograminvolved24fourthgraderstakingpartinthree40minuteactivitiesthatwereheldweekly:naturalobservationwithassignedtasks,naturalobservationwithopenendedtasksandinquirybasedactivities.Participantskeptindividualportfolios(檔案)consistingofquestionnaires,naturejournals,observationnotesandinterviews.Qualitativeandquantitativedatawereanalyzedtodividechildrenintothreecategories:thosewhodevelopedaninterest,thosewhodevelopedanimprovedinterest,andthosenotaffectedbytheactivities.Afterfourmonthsintheprogram,theresultsshowedthatmorethantwothirdsofthe24studentswereclassifiedaseither“intereststarted”or“interestenhanced,”showingagenerallyfavorableoute,accordingtothestudy.Theresultsrevealedthattheschoolgarden,withitsuniqueandsafeenvironment,playedasignificantroleinstimulatingchildren’scuriosityaboutthecreaturesinthegarden.Italsoempoweredchildrentolearnandexploreindependently.Giventhecurrenttrendofchildrenspendingmoretimeinfrontofscreensandlessinfrontofnature,schoolgardensofferpotentialsolutions,thestudysaid.“Implementingadiverseschoolgardenwithinformativelabelsandexplanationboards,alongwithteachersupport,representsapotentialapproachtocultivatingchildren’sinterestinnature,particularlyduringthecriticaldevelopmentalstageof9to11yearsofage,”saidChenJin,aresearcherattheXishuangbannaTropicalBotanicalGarden.“Weremendadoptingminibotanical(植物的)gardensandclubactivitiesinschoolstobridgeformalandinformaleducation,”Chenadded.32.Whatisthemainfocusofthestudy?A.Thebenefitsoftraditionalclassroomsettings.B.Theimpactofscreentimeonchildren’sdevelopment.C.Theeffectsofinquirybasedlearningonprimaryschoolchildren.D.Theroleofschoolgardensindevelopingchildren’sinterestinnature.33.Howdidtheschoolgardencontributetochildren’scuriosity?A.Bylimitingchildren’saccesstoscreens.B.Byfocusingonformalclassroomactivities.C.Bycreatingauniqueandsafeenvironment.D.Byofferinginquirybasedlearningactivities.34.Whatisremendedtodevelopchildren’sinterestinnature?A.Adoptingdiverseschoolgardenswithteacher’ssupport.B.Encouragingmorescreentimeforeducationalpurposes.C.Focusingoninformalactivitieswithoutteacher’ssupport.D.Increasingthetimechildrenspendindependentlyexploringnature.【答案】32.D33.C34.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國研究人員的一項(xiàng)教學(xué)干預(yù)類的研究，該研究表明擁有豐富自然元素的學(xué)校花園可以培養(yǎng)小學(xué)生對自然的興趣，緩解他們的學(xué)習(xí)壓力?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Chineseresearchershaverecentlyreportedthataschoolgardenwithabundantnaturalponents(元素)canbeusedtocultivatetheinterestofprimaryschoolchildreninnaturewhilehelpingtorelievetheirstudyrelatedstress.(中國研究人員最近報告稱，擁有豐富自然元素的學(xué)?；▓@可以用來培養(yǎng)小學(xué)生對自然的興趣，同時幫助緩解他們的學(xué)習(xí)壓力)”和第三段“InastudypublishedinthejournalPeopleandNature,aresearchteamfromXishuangbannaTropicalBotanicalGardenoftheChineseAcademyofSciencesanalyzedtheimpactofnaturalobservationandinquirybasedlearningactivitiesinaschoolgardenonthedevelopmentofchildren’sinterestinnature.(在《人與自然》期刊上發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究中，中國科學(xué)院西雙版納熱帶植物園的一個研究小組分析了學(xué)?；▓@中自然觀察和探究式學(xué)習(xí)活動對兒童自然興趣發(fā)展的影響)”可知，該研究得到的結(jié)果是學(xué)?；▓@對培養(yǎng)小學(xué)生對自然的興趣有益，該研究分析的是學(xué)?；▓@中自然觀察和探究式學(xué)習(xí)活動對兒童自然興趣發(fā)展的影響。因此，該研究的重點(diǎn)應(yīng)該是學(xué)?；▓@在培養(yǎng)兒童對自然的興趣方面的作用。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Theresultsrevealedthattheschoolgarden,withitsuniqueandsafeenvironment,playedasignificantroleinstimulatingchildren’scuriosityaboutthecreaturesinthegarden.(結(jié)果表明，學(xué)校花園以其獨(dú)特和安全的環(huán)境，在激發(fā)孩子們對花園生物的好奇心方面發(fā)揮了重要作用)”可知，學(xué)校花園通過創(chuàng)造一個獨(dú)特而安全的環(huán)境來激發(fā)孩子們的好奇心。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中ChenJin所說的話“Implementingadiverseschoolgardenwithinformativelabelsandexplanationboards,alongwithteachersupport,representsapotentialapproachtocultivatingchildren’sinterestinnature,particularlyduringthecriticaldevelopmentalstageof9to11yearsofage(在教師的支持下，建立一個帶有信息標(biāo)簽和解釋板的多樣化學(xué)?；▓@，是培養(yǎng)兒童對自然興趣的一種潛在方法，特別是在9至11歲的關(guān)鍵發(fā)展階段)”可知，研究人員建議在教師的支持下采用多樣化的學(xué)?；▓@，以培養(yǎng)兒童對自然的興趣。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Intoday’sworld,itcanbechallengingtostaymotivatedandpositive.However,onepowerfultoolthatwecanusetooverethesechallengesisencouragement.Encouragementcanmakeasignificantdifferenceinsomeone’slife.____35____Encouragementcaneinmanyforms,suchaswordsofaffirmation(肯定),actsofkindness,orsimplyshowingsupport.Intoday’ssociety,wherenegativityismon,alittlebitofencouragementcangoalongway.Oneofthemostsignificantbenefitsofencouragementisthatitbuildsstrongrelationships.Encouragementcreatesapositiveenvironmentwherepeoplefeelvaluedandappreciated.Whenweencourageothers,weareshowingthemthatwebelieveinthemandthatwecareabouttheirwellbeing.____36____Anotherbenefitofencouragementisthatitcreatesachainreaction.____37____Thischainreactioncanspreadthroughoutamunity,workplace,orfamily.Bybuildingeachotherup,wecreateasupportiveandempoweringenvironment.____38____Thefirststepistobeintentionalaboutourwordsandactions.Wecanstartbyofferinggenuinewords,expressingthanks,orsimplylisteningattentively.Wecanalsoseekoutopportunitiestoencourageothers,whetherit’sthroughvolunteeringorofferingsupportduringtoughtimes.Bytakingsmallbutconsistentactions,wecanmakeasignificantimpactonthelivesofotherpeople.Inconclusion,thepowerofencouragementcannotbeoverstated.Ithasthepotentialtotransformlives,buildstrongrelationships,andcreatearippleeffectofpositivity.Bybeingintentionalaboutourwordsandactions,wecanuseencouragementtobuildothersupandcreateabetterworld.____39____A.Encouragementcanchangeourmoods.B.Sohowcanweuseencouragementtobuildothersup?C.Whyshouldwemakeeveryefforttoencourageothers?D.Thisstrengthenst