2025屆高考英語能力提升語法講義學(xué)案

能力提升語法1時(shí)態(tài)

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

Ialways/usually/often/sometimes/seldom/nevergetupearly.

Hegetsupearlyeveryday/whenit'snecessary.

Myparentsownarestaurant.

Theearthgoesaroundthesun.

Inthemovie,theboymeetsagirlandfallsinlovewithher.

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)is/am/aredoing

We'retakinganEnglishlessonnow.

I'mlivinginShanghaicurrently.［對比］IliveinBeijing.

Thepriceoffoodisrisingdramatically.

Exercise

令Choosethebestendingsforthesentences.

1)Fionaiswatchingtelevision

a)becauseherfavouritefilmstarison.

b)whenshehastime.

2)Idotheshopping

a)atthesametimeeveryweek.

b)todayforafriendwho'sill.

3)Thecompany'sfinancialsituationisimproving

a)whenthereisgreaterdemandforitsproducts.

b)becauseitnowhasanewCEO.

一般過去時(shí)did/usedtodo

過去發(fā)生的(一連串)動(dòng)作

(Yesterday)ItookmyEnglishlessonandbegantodomyhomework.ThenIfinished

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myhomeworkandwenthome.

過去習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作

Heoftenvisitedheratthattime.(Heusedtovisither.)

過去狀態(tài)

Myparentsownedarestaurantfor18years.(Myparentsusedtoownarestaurant.)

過去進(jìn)彳亍時(shí)was/weredoing

IWASdoinghomeworkwhenhecalledme.

Asweweredrivinghome,itbegantorain.

WhileIwasreadingabook,hewasdrawing.

Werealiseditwassnowingmoreandmoreheavily.

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/hasdone

完成，結(jié)果(對現(xiàn)在的影響)

I'vealreadyfinishedmyhomework.NowIcangohome.

Haveyouwrittenyourhomework(yet)?-1havenotwrittenmyhomeworkyet.

I'vewrittenfiveessayssinceIbeganthiscourse/sofar/for(in)thelastyear.

Shehasbeenabroadtwice.

I'veneverbeentoFrance(before).

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)have/hasbeen-ing

強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作本身或者持續(xù)的時(shí)間

IhavebeenlearningEnglishforthepastweek/since2022.

Shehasbeenworkingonheressayfor3hours,andhasnowfinishedit.

過去完成時(shí)haddone

過去的過去

BeforeMozartwasborn,fiveofhissiblingshadalreadydied.

Whenhecalledme,Ihadfinishedcooking.(Ifinishedcookingandhecalledme.)

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［間接引語］Hesaid,a\metyourfather/->Hesaidhehadmetmyfatherbefore.

過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)hadbeendoing

強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作或持續(xù)的時(shí)間

Shehrdbeenlearningtodanceforthreeyearswhenhemether.

Exercise

令Fillintheblankwiththecorrectformoftheverbs.

1)Sofar,we(learn)onethousandEnglishwords.

2)Inmycountrywe(drive)ontheright-handsideoftheroad.

3)Explorersatthattime(believe)thattheworldwasflat.

4)Theaccidenthappenedwhileshe(watch)thenewsonTV.

5)I(work)onmyessayforthelastweek,and

(finish)itnow.

6)Lastyear,Igraduated/havegraduated/hadgraduatedfromuniversitywitha

degreeincomputerscience.Sincethen,Iwork/havebeenworking/workedat

asoftwarecompany.Overthepastfewmonths,ourteamwork/hasbeen

working/workedtirelesslyonanewproject.

7)Yesterday,I(wake)upearlyand(prepare)a

deliciousbreakfast.AsI(eat),I(receive)a

phonecallfrommyfriend.She(want)metogotoapartythat

evening.I(accept)theinvitation.Then,I(go)

shoppingforanewdress.I(find)theperfectoneand

(buy)it.Bythetimetheparty(start),I

(already,get)ready.Attheparty,I(meet)many

newpeopleand(have)agreattime.

Will/begoingto表將來

Ithinkitwillbeveryhotthere.Itwon'trainveryoftenthere.

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ThenewmovieisRoingtobeinteresting.

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來

We'restayinginasmallhoteltonight.（Wehavemadethearrangements.）

［對比］We'regoingtobuyacar.（Wehaven'tmadethearrangementsyet.）

PresentSimple（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來）

談?wù)摃r(shí)間表或日程

Thetrainleavesin20minutes.

Themeetingonlylastsforthreedays.

When,assoonas,after,before,until,aslongas等詞引導(dǎo)的從句中（主將從現(xiàn)）

Wewillstayathomeifitrainstomorrow.

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:may,might,could,maynot,mightnot,couldn't

Youmightmissthetrainifyoudon'tleavenow.

Hecouldn'tcometomorrow./Hemaynotcometomorrow.

FutureContinuous（將來進(jìn)行時(shí)）

I'llbeworkingonthereportallnextweek.

Whatwillyoubedoingthistimeoftomorrow?

FuturePerfectSimple（將來完成時(shí)）

BytheendoftheyearIwillhavegiventhesametalksixtimes.

I'llhavefinishedthereportbynextFriday/inaweek'stime/inaweek.

FuturePerfectContinuous（將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)）

BytheendofthemonthI'llhavebeenworkinghereforthreeyears.

TheFutureinthePast（過去的將來）

Noonebelievedhewouldactuallywinthegame.

［間接弓I語］ShesaidshewouldtraveltoShanghaithenextday.

Iwasgoingtoleavethismorningbuttheycancelledmyflight.

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Exercises

令Fillinthegapswiththecorrectformoftheverbs.

1)Shesaidshe(travel)toLondonthenextmonth.

2)She(eat)breakfasteverymorning.

3)I(be)interestedinlanguagesand(study)

SpanishwhenIwasyoung.

4)They(watch)amovieatthemoment.

5)We(swim)inthepoolwhenitstartedraining.

6)He(finish)hishomeworkbeforehismothercookeddinner.

7)Bynextmonth,we(live)inthiscityforfiveyears.

8)They(visit)fivedifferentcountriessofar.

9)I(watch)amovietonightwithmyfriends.

10)Haveyouever(be)abroad?

11)We(travel)toLondonnextmonth.

12)He(read)abookwhenIcalledhim.

13)Afteruniversity,I(find)ajobataninternationalcompany.I

(work)hereforthreeyears.Currently,I(work)on

anewprojectatmyjob.MycolleaguesandI(meet)everyweek

todiscussourprogress.Inmyfreetime,I(pursue)mypassion

forphotography.Lastmonth,I(join)alocalphotographyclub.

14)I(volunteer)atalocalcharityorganizationonweekends.I

(assist)inorganizingfivedifferenteventsinthepastmonth.

令Pleasewriteaboutyourfavouritemovieinatleast10sentences.

請包含以下信息：電影的名字，類型；第一次觀看的時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，和誰一起；當(dāng)時(shí)怎么知道這部

電影的(別人推薦/網(wǎng)絡(luò)/其他途徑)；看過幾次這部電影；簡單描述劇情

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能力提升語法2情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

能力can(could),beableto

現(xiàn)在：

IcanspeakEnglish.Ican'tspeakEnglish.

Iamabletoswim.Heisn'tabletoswim.

過去：

Hecouldn'tplaythepianowhenhewasyoungbuthecouldplaytheguitar.

Thepolicemanwasn'tabletofindoutthetruth.

將來：

Thestudentswillnotbeabletopasstheexam.

可能性

must=verypossible一定，肯定

may,could,might=possible可能

maynot,mightnot=possiblenot可能不

couldn't,can't=impossible不可能

現(xiàn)在可能性情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形

Hecouldn'tbeadoctor.=It'simpossiblethatheisadoctor.

Hemustworkveryhard.=It'sverypossiblethatheworksveryhard.

Shemightnotbestudyingnow.=It'spossiblethatsheisnotstudyingnow.

過去可能性情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have+過去分詞

Hecouldn'thaveworkedyesterday.=代'simpossiblethatheworkedyesterday.

Hemusthavebeenastudent.=It'sverypossiblethathewasastudent.

Hecouldn'thavebeenworking.=It'simpossiblethathewasworking.

Theymusthavebeenlisteningtomusicthistimeyesterday.=It'sverypossiblethat

theywerelisteningtomusicthistimeyesterday.

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將來可能性may/might/could;maynot/mightnot/couldn't

ImaygotoBeijingnextyear.

Hemaynotcomeheretomorrow./Hecouldnotcomeheretomorrow.

Exercise

令Fillintheblankswiththetheappropriateverbs:

1)Myfriendbesleepingnow.Shenevergetsupearly.

2)Itbeverycoldoutside.Youprobablyneedacoat.

3)Myfriendbeensleepingat9AMyesterday.She

nevergetsupearly.

令Translatethesentences:

1)我朋友現(xiàn)在不可能在睡覺。

2)他們可能不會(huì)通過考試。

3)她昨晚不可能睡覺了。

請求/許可may,could,can/maynot,couldnot,cannot

MayItakeabreak?-Yes,youmay.

Couldyouhelpmewithmyhomework?-Yes,Icould.

Youcan/may/couldborrowmybookifyoureturnitnextweek.

建議should/oughtto

Youshould/oughttostudyEnglisheveryday.

Heshouldn't/ou/htnottobelateforschool.

義務(wù)，必要性

must,haveto,needto=necessary

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mustn/t=notallowed

nothaveto/notneedto/needn't=notnecessary

現(xiàn)在

Youmustdoyourhomework.

Youhaveto/ne>dtofollowtherulesatschool.

Youmustn'tbelateforschool.

Youdon'tneedto/don'thaveto/needn'twaitforme.

過去

Ihrdtogetupearlyeveryday.Ineededtocatchthebus.

Ididn'thavetowaitforhim.Ididn'tneedtowaitforhim.(Ididn'twait.)

Ineedc'thavewaitedforhim.(Iwaitedforhim.)

將來

I'llhaveto/needtofinishmyhomeworktomorrow.

Sheisnotgoingtoneedtocleanherroom.

Exercise

令Fillintheblankswiththeappropriatemodalverbandthecorrectform:can,

could,ma/miaht,must,orshould.

1)He'snotansweringmycalls.Hehavelefthisphoneathome.

2)Pleaseremembertherules.Youtalkduringtheexam.

3)Hewasverysmartandspeakfivedifferentlanguages.

4)Studentswearuniformsinthisschool.

5)Itakeabreakforafewminutes?I'mverytired.

6)Theconsultantadvisedthatweanalyzethemarkettrends.

令Choosethetheappropriateverb:

1)Ididn'tneedtogo/needn'thavegonetothestationtopickherup,soIfinished

myessayinstead.

2)Nextvea門'llhaveto/I'llmustgetajobtopaybackallthemoneyI'veborrowed

fromthebankformyuniversityfees.

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3)Shecouldn't/mightnothavestolenthemoney.I'llneverbelieveit.She'ssucha

goodandhonestperson!

令Rewritethefollowingsentencesusinganappropriatemodalverbtoexpress

possibility,permission,obligation,oradvice.

1)Itisnecessaryforyoutostudyfortheexam.

Youmust/haveto/needtostudyfortheexam.

2)Youarenotallowedtosmokeinthisbuilding.

3)Shehastheabilitytosolvecomplexproblems.

4)It'snotpossiblethathewasapolicemanatthattime.

5)Itwasnecessaryforhimtogetupearlyeverydaylastyear.

6)Itwasnotnecessnryforhimtogotothestationtomeether,sohedidnotgo.

7)It'spossiblethatshedidnotworkveryhardwhenshewasinhighschool.

8)Itwasnotnecessnryforhertogoshopping,butshewentshoppinganyway.

9)In10years,it'spossiblethattheclimatewillchangedramatically.

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能力提升語法3被動(dòng)語態(tài)

被動(dòng)語態(tài)be(根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)變化)+過去分詞

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am/is/are+過去分詞

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：ambeing/isbeing/arebeing+過去分詞

一般過去時(shí)：was/were+過去分詞

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：wasbeing/werebeing+過去分詞

現(xiàn)在完成：hasbeen/havebeen+過去分詞

過去完成：hadbeen+過去分詞

將來：willbe+過去分詞

將來完成：willhavebeen+過去分詞

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過去分詞

Freshvegetablesaredeliveredtotherestaurantsdaily.

Thehouseisbeinxpainted.

Theletterwasdeliveredyesterday.

Theroadwnsbeingrepairedlastweek.

Theassignmenthasbeensubmitted(bythestudents).

Thedocumentshadbeensignedbeforethemeeting.

Theprojectwillbecompletednextmonth.

Bynextyea。thebookwillhavebeenpublished.

Therulesmustbefollowedbyallmembers.

Exercises

1)Thecharityevent(organize)everyyear.

2)Fiveyearsago,thismovie(adapt)fromatrueevent.

3)Thenewdiscovery(announce)onthenewsnow.

4)Theproject(complete)bytheendoftheyear.

io

5)Mybike(steal)whenIwasatthestore.

6)Theparty(plan)formonthsbeforeitfinallyhappened.

主動(dòng)&被動(dòng)語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換

Active:Manypeoplelikeanimals.

Passive:Animalsareliked(bymanypeople).

Active:Peopleshouldpurchaselessalcohol.

Passive:Lessalcoholshouldbepurchased(bypeople).

Active:Theteachermademedoalotofhomework.

Passive:Iwasmadetodoalotofhomework(bytheteacher).

Active:Ihavewrittenhimaletter.=Ihavewrittenalettertohim.

Passive:Aletterhasbeenwrittentohim(byme)./Hehasbeenwrittenaletter.

Exercises

令Rewritethefollowingsentencesinthepassivevoice:

1)Johnbuiltahouse.Answer:AhousewasbuiltbyJohn,(build-built-built)

2)Wehavefinishedtheproject.

3)Theyarerenovatingtheoldbuilding,(renovate)

4)Theteacherwillexplainthelessontomorrow.

5)ThecompanyhadhiredanewCEOby2020.

6)Heboughtherflowers.=Heboughtflowersforher.(buy-bought-bought)

①She

(2)Flowers

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令Rewritethefollowingsentencesintheactivevoice:

1)Thepackagewillbedeliveredbythepostman.

2)Thedoorwasleftopenbysomeone,(leave-left-left)

3)Themistakewasmadebytheaccountant.

4)Aletterwaswrittentohimbytheeditor,(write-wrote-written)

令Changetheactivevoicesentencestopassivevoiceandviceversa.

1)Passive:Thecakewasbakedbymymother.

Active:

2)Active:Millionsofpeoplewatchedthemovie.

Passive:

3)Passive:Theproblemhasbeensolvedbytheteam.

Active:

4)Passive:ThemoviewasdirectedbyStevenSpielberg.

Active:

令Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformoftheverb:

1)Theletter(send)yesterday.

2)Thecarhasalready(repair).

3)Thereport(finish)bythetimethemeetingstarted.

4)Thehouse(clean)byaprofessionaltomorrow.

5)Thecontract(must,sign)bybothparties.

6)Theproject(complete)atthemomentandwillbe

finishedsoon.

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能力提升語法4簡單句結(jié)構(gòu)

簡單句（陳述句）五種結(jié)構(gòu)

1.主謂賓Ilikemusic.

2.主I胃Hewalksfast./Hecookseveryday.

3.中系（Linkingverb）表Theskylooksblue./Iamastudent.

4.主謂十雙賓Iwrotehimaletteryesterday./Hesentherapresent.

5.主謂賓+賓語補(bǔ)足語Ifindherbeautiful./Shewantedmetocomehome.

動(dòng)詞形式

1.動(dòng)詞+todo:hope,want,help,ask...

Ihopetopasstheexam.

Shewantstoeohome.（賓語）

2.動(dòng)詞+賓語+todo:want,help,ask,make,...

Shewantsmetoeohome.（賓補(bǔ)）

Shehelpedmedohomework.（省略to的不定式）

Myteachermademedohomework.（被動(dòng)：Iwasmadetodohomework.）

3.動(dòng)詞+doing:enjoy,avoid,keep,...

Youshouldavoiddrinking.

4.動(dòng)詞+介詞+doing:thinkabout,focuson,insiston,dreamof,...

I'mthinkingaboutlookingforajob.

動(dòng)詞+todo和動(dòng)詞+doing意思相近的詞：like,prefer,continue,start,begin...

動(dòng)詞+todo和動(dòng)詞+doing意思不同的詞：

goon

goontodo:停下原來的事，繼續(xù)做下一件事

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Afteruniversity,shewentontogetajob.

goondoing（continuedoing）:繼續(xù)做原本的事

Iwentonstudyingalthoughitwaslate.

stop

Stoptodo：停下上一件事,去做下一件事

IwaslostsoIstoppedtoasktheway.

stopdoing:停止做原本的事

Pleasestopmakingsomuchnoisebecauseitannoyspeople.

remember/forget

remember/forgettodo:記得/忘記要做某事

Pleaseremembertoturnoffthelightbeforeleaving.

Iforgottobuyfoodyesterday.

remember/forgetdoing:記得/忘記做了某事

Istillremembermeetingyoutenyearsago.

Shecompletelyforgotmeetinghim.

try

trytodo（努力,可能不會(huì)成功）

ItriedtopasstheexambutIfailed.

trydoing（試驗(yàn)）

Ifthecoffeetastesbad,tryaddingsomemoresugar.

need

Ineedtocleanmyroom.

Theroomneedscleaning.=Theroomneedstobecleaned.

伴隨狀語

Hewalkedhome,followedbyhisdog.

Sheenteredtheroom,singingherfavouritesong.

Theyleftwiththechildrenlaughingandplaying.

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分析以下句子結(jié)構(gòu)：

1)Hisdreamistobecomeadoctor.

2)Seeingisbelieving.

3)Thefigureremainedstable.

4)Tiredfromwork,Ifellasleepreadingabooklastnight.

5)Toimproveherskills,shepracticesdaily.

6)Ilikedrinkingcoffee.

7)Peopleshouldpurchaselessalcohol.

8)Shehopestotravelaroundtheworld.

9)Shehasalotofunfinishedworktodo.

10)Theteachermademedoalotofhomework.

11)Ifoundthegirlsittingnexttomecrying.

12)Ihavewrittenhimaletter.

13)Heboughtherflowerseveryweek.

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能力提升語法5定語+定語從句

定語

MarieCuriewasanintelligentwoman.

Didyouseethebookonthetable?

Thebarkingdogisverynoisy.

Thebrokenwindowwasquicklyrepaired.

Ihavehomeworktodotoday.

找出下列句子中的定語

Hewasawonderfulsinger.

Shegavemeabooktoread.

Sheboughtahousepaintedwhite.

Awrittenreportisduebytheendoftheweek.

Thepeopleresponsiblefortheerrorhavebeenfound.

限定性定語從句

從句對于整個(gè)句子的意義是必不可少的；不使用逗號(hào)隔開，由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副

詞(如who,whom,whose,which,that,where,when,why)弓|導(dǎo)

Studentswhostudyhardgetgoodgrades.

(Studentsgetgoodgrades.Studentsstudyhard.)

ThegirlwhomImetyesterdayisastudent.

(Thegirlisastudent.Imetthegirlyesterday.)

Thisisthecitywhich(that)Ihavevisitedmanytimes.

(Thisisthecity.Ihavevisitedthecitvmanytimes.)

ThetownwhereIgrewupispeaceful.=ThetowninwhichIgrewupispeaceful.

(Thetownisverypeaceful.Igrewupinthetown.)

Thedayonwhich/whenwefirstmetisunforgettable.

(Thedayisunforgettable.Wefirstmetontheday.)

Istilldon'tknowthereasonforwhich/whvheissoangry.

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(Istilldon'tthereason.Heissoangryforthereason.)

Thisistheprocessbvwhichourfactoryrecyclesglass.

(Thisistheprocess.Ourfactoryrecyclesglassbvtheprocess.)

Ilikethemusicianwhosesongsarewonderful.

(Ilikethemusician.Themusicinn'ssongsarewonderful.)

Isatinarestaurantwhosewallsarepaintedblue.

(Isatinarestaurant.Therestaurant'swallsarepaintedblue.)

關(guān)系代詞作為賓語時(shí)在從句中可以省略

Thebookthat/whichIreadwasfascinating.=ThebookIreadwasfascinating.

(Thebookwasfascinating.Ireadthebook.)

Exercises

令用正確的關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞填空(that,which,who,whom,whose,why,

where,when)

1)Thisisthereasonhedecidedtoquithisjob.

2)Thevillagewespentourchildhoodhaschangedalot.

3)Yesterday,Isawamoviewasreallyinteresting.

令將簡單句改寫為限定性定語從句

1)Theactorisfamous.TheactorwonanOscarlastyear.

2)Thestoryistrue.Thestorysoundsunbelievable.

3)Imissthecity.Ilivedinthecityforfiveyears.

4)Idon'tknowthereason.Herefusedtotakeanexamforthereason.

5)Theastronautwenttoaspacestation.Inthespacestation,hecouldstudythe

planetclosely.

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非限定性定語從句

提供關(guān)于先行詞的附加信息，但這些信息對句子的整體意義并非必需；

通常用逗號(hào)與句子的其余部分隔開;That通常不用于非限定性定語從句

Paris,whichisthecapitalofFrance,isknownforitsbeauty.

Mysister,wholivesinLondon,isateacher.

Mybirthday,whenallmyfriendsgather,ismyfavoritedayoftheyear.

(Allmyfriendsgatheronmvbirthday.)

Shepassedtheexam,whichmadeusallhappy.

Imissmygrandma,towhomIusedtobeveryclose.

(Imissmygrandma.Iusedtobeveryclosetomygrandma.)

區(qū)寸比］Themovie(that/which)wewatchedlastnight,whichexploredthedepthsof

theocean,wasfascinating.

Exercises

令將簡單句改寫為非限定性定語從句

1)Mr.Johnsonwilljoinourmeeting.Mr.JohnsonistheCEOofthecompany.

2)WevisitedRomelastsummer.RomeisthecapitalofItaly.

令用關(guān)系代詞/副詞填空(which,who,whom,whose,why,where,when)

1)Hewonthefirstprizeinthecompetition,washeldlastmonth.

2)Thestudents,weretaughtbyMrs.Smith,passedtheexam.

3)Ournewteacher,wemetyesterday,isveryexperienced.

4)Thetown'sonlylibrary,Ispendmostofmytime,hasavast

collectionofbooks.

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Exercises

令Fillintheblanks.

1)Thebookyougavemewasveryinteresting.

2)Thisisthereasonhedecidedtoleavehisjob.

3)Thevillageinwespentourchildhoodhaschangedalot.

4)Hementionedhisprofessor,advicewasreallyhelpful.

5)Thissong,towelistenedlastnight,isstillstuckinmyhead.

6)Lastweekend,Ivisitedatownisknownforitshistorical

significance.Imetaguidewasveryknowledgeable.Heshowed

methechurchwasbuiltinthe16thcentury.Nearthechurch,I

sawasmallcafe,wallsaredecoratedwithpaintings.

7)Thisscientist,dedicatedhercareertoresearchand

workhasinspiredmanyscientists,wasawardedtheNobelPrize.

令Combinetwosentencesintoone.

1)Thehouseisveryold.Theyliveinthehouse.

2)Wevisitedafactory.Itproducessolarpanels.

3)Sheadmirestheauthor.Hisnovelshaveinspiredheralot.

4)Thefirstconcertofthebandwasahugesuccess.Theconcertwasattendedby

thousandsoffans.

5)Shelikesthecentralparkverymuch.Therearealotoftreesinthepark.

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能力提升語法6名詞性從句

主語

MarieCuriewasascientist.

Everyonelookshappy.

TounderstandEnglishgrammarrequireshardwork.

WhenIwasyoung,swimmingwasmyfavoritesport.

主語從句

由連接詞如that,whether,if,what,who,how,when,where,why等弓|導(dǎo)

Whether/lfwewillgoonatripthissummerisnotdecidedyet.

Whathesaidmademehappy.

WhomImetyesterdayismybrother.

Whenhewasbornisstillunclear.

Whyhewasnothappyisveryhardtounderstand.

Howhemadesomuchmoneywasamystery.

Thatheknowssomuchaboutitissoamazing.［對■比］Itisamazingthatheknowsso

muchaboutit.

賓語

MarieCuriestudiedphysicsandchemistry.

Ienjoydancing./Theywanttostartanewproject.

Ifoundherveryclever./Myparentsdon'tletmestayuplate.

Iboughthimabook./Hesentmeapresent.

賓語從句

常由以及疑問詞如等弓|導(dǎo)

that,whether,ifwhat,who,when,where,howzwhy

Shedoesn'tknowif/whetherhewillcome.

Wewillneverknowwhyheleftus.

Idon'tknowwhathelikes.

Iwonderwhocalledusyesterday.

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Hesaid(that)theteamhadwonthegame.

Exercises

1)Ican'tunderstandhemadesuchadecision.

2)IlikethissongbutIdon'tknowyouwilllikeit.

3)causedtheaccidentisstillunknown.

4)theearthgoesaroundthesunisawell-knownfact.

5)Heaskedmemyfavoritebookwas.

表語

Heisadoctor.

Theskylooksblue.

Heseemshappy.

Thekeysareonthetable.

Mygoalistofinishthemarathon.

Hishobbyisgardening.

表語從句

通常由that引導(dǎo)，有時(shí)也可以使用疑問詞如what,who,whether/if,when,where,

how,why

ThatiswhyIdon'tlikehisbook.

Hermainconcerniswhetherjectwillbecompletedontime.

Thequestionremainshowwecanimproveourefficirncy.

同位語

MyfriendSteveisagreatmusician.

Thenovel“ToKillaMockingbird”isaclassic.

Hishobby,collectingstamps,isquiteinteresting.

SheisJ.K.Rowling,thefamouswriter.

同位語從句

21

補(bǔ)充或解釋緊鄰的名詞,緊跟在一個(gè)名詞之后，通常由"that"引導(dǎo)。

Theideathattheworldisflatisnowconsideredabsurd.

Weheardthenewsthattherehadbeenanaccident.

Exercises

令Fillintheblanks.

1)Theproblemiswedon'thaveenoughdata.

2)Thedebateiswecanchangethingseffectively.

3)Thenewsourteamhaswonthegameisexciting.

4)TheissueistheycandelivertheproductsbyFriday.

5)Thebeliefhardworkalwayspaysoffiswidelyaccepted.

令Pleasewriteaboutapersoninatleast8sentences.

要求：至少用兩個(gè)定語從句，兩個(gè)名詞性從句

22

能力提升語法7狀語從句+虛擬語氣

條件狀語從句

if

Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.

unless(ifnot)

Hewon'tlistenunlessyoushoutathim.

aslongas(充分條件或保證)

Youcanborrowmycaraslongasyoureturnittomorrow.

時(shí)間狀語從句

when

Iwasreadingabookwhenthephonerang.

while

Hewaslisteningtomusicwhileshewasdoingherhomework.

［其他］WhileIlikehim,Idon'ttrusthim.

before

HehadfinishedhisworkbeforeIcamehome.

Youmustfinishyourhomeworkbeforeyoucanplaygames.

after

HewenttobedafterhehadwatchedTV.

assoonas

Hecalledmeassoonashearrived.

until

Hewaiteduntilshecameback.

since

Hehaslivedheresincehewasborn.

as

Ashewaswalking,hesawabird.

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地點(diǎn)狀語從句

地點(diǎn)或地點(diǎn)關(guān)系where,wherever,anywhere

Iwillfollowyouwherever/anywhereyou?

Heliveswherethereisalake.

Iw川gowhereIcanstudyalone.以寸比］I'llgotoaplacewhereIcanstudyalone.

原因狀語從句

because,as,since

Shewaslatebecauseshemissedthebus.

Sinceyouarehere,youmightaswellstay.

AsIenjoyedlisteningtomusic,Imajoredinmusicincollege.

目的狀語從句

sothat,inorderthat

Igotupearlyinorderthat/sothctIcouldcatchthebus.

結(jié)果狀語從句

sothat,so...thatzsuch...that

Shegotupearly,sothatshecaughtthebus.

Hewassotiredthathefellasleeponthesofa.

Hewalkedsofastthathearrivedearly.

Itwassuchabeautifuldaythatwedecidedtogoforapicnic.

讓步狀語從句

though,although,evenif,eventhough,nomatter

Thoughheisrich,heisnothappy.

Althoughhedidn'tstudyveryhard,hepassedtheexam.

Sheloveshimevenifhedoesn'tloveher.

Eventhoughhedidn'tsingverywell,hebecameasinger.

Nomatterhowhardyoutry,youcould/mightfail.

方式狀語從句

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as,asif,asthough

DoasItellyou.

Hescreamedasthoughhewascrazy.

Hetalksasifhekneweverything.

比較狀語從句

than,as...as,more...than,less...than

HeistallerthanIam.

Sheismorebea