2024-2025學年新教材高中英語UNIT3FOODANDCULTURESectionⅠReadingandThinking檢測含解析新人教版選擇性必修第二冊

PAGEPAGE8ReadingandThinkingⅠ.閱讀理解ATreesareusefultomaninthreeimportantways：theygivehimwoodandotherusefulthings,theygivehimcoolplaces,andtheyhelptostopdroughtandflood.Unluckily,inmanypartsoftheworld,manhasnotfoundthatthethirdofthesepointsisthemostimportant.Manwantstomakemoneyfromtrees,sohehascutthemdowninlargenumbers,onlytofindthatwithoutthemhehaslostthebestfriendshehad.Andalso,heisusuallytoocarelesstoplantandlookafternewtrees.Sotheforestsslowlydisappear.Thisdoesnotonlymeanthatmanwillhavefewertrees.Theresultsareevenworse：forwheretherearetrees,theirrootsbreakupsoil—maketherainin—andalsobindthesoil,thusstoppingitfrombeingwashedawayeasily;butwheretherearenotrees,therainfallsonhardgroundandflowsaway,causingfloodsandcarryingawaytherichtopsoil.Whenallthetopsoilisgone,nothingisleftbutuselessdesert.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了樹對人類的作用特別大，可以給人類供應木材、供應陰涼，還可以幫助阻擋干旱和洪水。但實際狀況是許多人砍掉了許多樹木，破壞了植被，引起了生態(tài)危機。1．Themostimportantpointsoftreestomanisthat．A．theyhelphimtostopdroughtandfloodB．theyhelphimtomakemoneyC．theygivehimcoolplacesD．theygivehimwoodandotherthings解析：選A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容及其次段中的Unluckily,inmanypartsoftheworld,manhasnotfoundthatthethirdofthesepointsisthemostimportant.可知樹木的第三個用途stopdroughtandflood最重要，故A項正確。2．Inmanyplacesforestsslowlydisappearbecause．A．manytreeshavebeencutdownbymanB．newtreesarenotwelllookedafterC．manhasnotpaidenoughattentiontoplantingtreesD．a(chǎn)lltheabove解析：選D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的Manwantstomakemoneyfromtrees,sohehascutthemdowninlargenumbers,onlytofindthatwithoutthemhehaslostthebestfriendshehad.Andalso,heisusuallytoocarelesstoplantandlookafternewtrees.Sotheforestsslowlydisappear.可知A、B、C三項都是樹林消逝的緣由。故D項正確。3．Landbecomesdesertafteralltreesarecutdownbecause．A．rootsoftreesbreakupthesoilB．therearetoomanyrainfallsC．strongwindsbringalotofsandD．therearenolongertreestokeeptherainandprotectthetopsoil.解析：選D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的Theresultsareevenworse：forwheretherearetrees,...soil,thusstoppingitfrombeingwashedawayeasily;butwheretherearenotrees,therainfallsonhardgroundandflowsaway,causingfloodsandcarryingawaytherichtopsoil.Whenallthetopsoilisgone,nothingisleftbutuselessdesert.可知，當樹被砍掉以后，再也沒有樹來愛護水土了，導致土地變成了荒漠。故D項正確。4．Whichtitlebestfitsthepassage?A．TreesandManB．TheFunctionofTreeWoodC．HowdoPeopledowithTrees?D．TheUsageofTreeRoots解析：選A標題歸納題。本文介紹了樹對人類的作用特別大，可以給人類供應木材、供應陰涼，還可以幫助阻擋干旱和洪水。但實際狀況是許多人砍掉了許多樹木，破壞了植被，引起了生態(tài)危機。所以本文主要講解并描述的是樹和人類的關系，A項作標題最能概括本文內(nèi)容，故A項正確。BOrganicfoodisverypopular.Itisalsoexpensive.Someorganicfoodcoststwiceasmuchasnon-organicfood,butnewparentsandpetownersarewillingtopayupto200%morefororganicfood.However,therearepeoplewhothinkitisawasteofmoney.Thereisonemaindifferencebetweenorganicandnon-organicfood.Organicfarmsdonotuseagriculturalchemicals,suchaspesticides.Inmanycountriesorganicfoodshavespeciallabels.Theseguaranteethattheproductsarenatural.Somepeoplethinkorganicmeanslocallygrown.Originallythiswastrue.Overtimeorganicfarmingbecamemoredifficult.Thedemandfororganicfoodgrewlargerthanthesupply.Smallcompanieshadtosellouttolargecompanies.Thereweren'tenoughorganicingredients,suchasgrainandcattle.Thismadeitdifficultformanyorganiccompaniestostayinbusiness.Today,manylargecompanieshaveanorganiclineofproducts.Isorganicfoodmorenutritious?Thisispartofthedebate.Manyfarmersandconsumersbelieveitis.Theythinkagriculturalchemicalscausehealthproblemssuchascancer.Manyhealthprofessionalsdisagree.Fewstudiesprovethatorganicfoodspreventhealthproblems.Healthspecialistsworrymoreaboutbacteria,suchasE．coliandsalmonella.Thesecangetintocontactwithorganicandnon-organicfood.Doctorsrecommendwashingproduceverycarefully.Handlingmeatcarefullyisimportant,too.Mostpeopleagreethatnaturallygrownfoodtastesbetter.Istastierfoodworththeextramoney?Thisisamatterofopinion.Whetheritishealthierornotmayrequiremoreresearch.However,organicconsumersargueitisbettertobesafethansorry.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章將有機食品和非有機食品進行了對比，并且就有機食品的種植、養(yǎng)分價值和味道等狀況進行了說明。5．Whatisprobablythemajorconcernoforganicfoodconsumers?A．Price. B．Safety.C．Freshness. D．Variety.解析：選B推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的Organicfarmsdonotuseagriculturalchemicals,suchaspesticides.可知有機農(nóng)場不運用殺蟲劑等農(nóng)藥。最終一段中的However,organicconsumersargueitisbettertobesafethansorry.也指出，有機食品消費者認為，平安總比懊悔好。由此可推知，有機食品消費者最關切的可能是平安。故選B。6．Whatisthedoctors'suggestion?A．Growyourownfood.B．Reducetheuseofpesticides.C．Makesurethefoodisclean.D．Buylargecompanies'products.解析：選C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中的Doctorsrecommendwashingproduceverycarefully.Handlingmeatcarefullyisimportant,too.可知醫(yī)生建議細致清洗農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，當心處理肉類也很重要。由此可知，醫(yī)生的建議是確保食物干凈。故選C。7．Whichofthefollowingdomostpeopleagreeonorganicfood?A．Ittastesbetter. B．Itiseasiertogrow.C．Itcontainsmorefat. D．Itismorenutritious.解析：選A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中的Mostpeopleagreethatnaturallygrownfoodtastesbetter.可知大多數(shù)人同意自然生長的食物味道更好。由此可知，大多數(shù)人同意有機食品嘗道更好。故選A。8．Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A．Arecipebook. B．Achemistrypaper.C．Amedicalreport. D．Ahealthmagazine.解析：選D文章出處題。文章將有機食品和非有機食品進行了對比，并且就有機食品的種植、養(yǎng)分價值和味道等狀況進行了說明。由此可知本文屬于飲食健康類文章，因此，這篇文章可能來自健康雜志。故選D。CThecoloroffoodmightaffectjusthowmuchyouwanttoeatthem，butwhataboutthebirdsinyourneighborhood？Wouldtheycarewhatcolortheirfoodis？Trythisoutforasciencefairproject,orjusttolearnsomethingnewwhilemakingyourlocalbirdshappy.Beginthisexperimentwiththequestion“Whatcolorofbirdseed(鳥食),ifany，willbirdslikethemost？”，andthenmakeahypothesis(假設)basedonyourquestion.Anexamplemightbe“Birdswilleatmoregreenbirdseedthanothercolorsofbirdseed.”Youshouldgetseveralbirdfeeders.Purchasebirdseedthatisverylightincolor.Tocolorthebirdseed,pouritintoabowlandthenaddfoodcoloringthatyoucanpurchasefromthestore.Mixthemupwellwithaspoonandcontinuetoaddcoloringuntilalltheseediscolored.Youshouldsampleatleastafewcolorsandhaveonefeederwithseedthathasnotbeencolored—thisiscalledthecontrolanditwillgiveyousomethingtocompareyourresultsto.Nowjusthangthemupoutsideinthesamelocation,andwaitforyourfeatheredfriendstoshowup.Thisworksbestinanareawherebirdsareusedtofeedingfromafeeder—itcantakebirdsoveraweektofindnewfeeders.Observeyourbirdfeederswheneverpossible，andkeeptrackofhowmuchseedisineachbirdfeedereachday.Arulerishelpfulforthis.Youmightalsowanttotakepicturesofthefeedersandkeeptrackofwhatkindofbirdsvisiteachfeeder.Overtime，youshouldbeabletoseeifonecolorofseedgetseatenmorethanothers.Onceyourexperimentisdone，youwillbeabletogobacktoyourhypothesisandseeifitiscorrect.Remember,it'snotbadifyourhypothesiswaswrong.Themainthingisthatyou'velearnedsomethingfromyourexperiment，andhopefullyyouhadsomefundoingit.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了食物的顏色會影響人類的食欲，那鳥類是否也對食物的顏色有所選擇呢？作者建議讀者做試驗來證明自己的觀點，并給出了試驗的詳細步驟及其關鍵點。9．What'sthepurposeofthisexperiment?A．Toseewhatcolorbirdslikemost.B．Tomakelocalbirdshappy.C．Toseeifthecoloroffoodaffectsbirds.D．Tofindhowlocalbirdsfeedthemselves.解析：選C推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的Beginthisexperimentwiththequestion“Whatcolorofbirdseed(鳥食),ifany，willbirdslikethemost？”在起先這個試驗時，先問個問題“什么顏色的鳥食，鳥類最喜愛？”可知，該試驗的目的是查明鳥類是否會依據(jù)顏色選擇食物。10．What'sthesecondstepforthisexperiment?A．Observingbirdfeeders.B．Raisingaquestion.C．Collectingallthedata.D．Makingahypothesis.解析：選D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的thenmakeahypothesis(假設)basedonyourquestion.可知試驗的其次步是做假設。故選D。11．Theunderlinedwords“featheredfriends”inParagraph3referto．A.feeders B．birdsC．neighbors D．locals解析：選B詞義揣測題。依據(jù)第三段中的waitforyourfeatheredfriendstoshowup.Thisworksbestinanareawherebirdsareusedtofeedingfromafeeder.可知，畫線詞指的是鳥。12．Whatisthemostimportantaboutthebirdfeeders?A．Theyarefilledwithsomewater.B．Theyareplacedinsecretplaces.C．Theyarepaintedindifferentcolors.D．Theyareallthesamesizeandtype.解析：選D推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中的Youshouldgetseveralbirdfeeders...Youshouldsampleatleastafewcolorsandhaveonefeederwithseedthathasnotbeencolored—thisiscalledthecontrolanditwillgiveyousomethingtocompareyourresultsto.可知，試驗是把裝有顏色的鳥食在鳥食槽內(nèi)的變更狀況與不染色的鳥食在鳥食槽的狀況做對比，要想比較就必需在鳥食槽相同的條件下才能得出哪種顏色的鳥食被吃的多，選項D(鳥食槽的大小和類型一樣)切題，故選D。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Haveyoueverwonderedthatthefoodyoueateverydaycantellyouaboutwhereyoucomefrom?Haveyoueverwonderedwhypeoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldeatdifferenttypesoffood?1Thereismoreofaconnectionbetweenfoodandculturethanyoumaythink.2Itbecomesapartofwhoweare.Manyassociatefoodsfromourchildhoodwithwarmfeelingsandgoodmemoriesandittiesustoourfamilies,holdingaspecialandpersonalvalueforus.Foodfromourfamilyoftenbecomesthecomfortweseekasadultsintimesoffrustrationandstress.Onalargescale,traditionalfoodisanimportantpartofculture.3Immigrantsbringitwherevertheygo,anditisasymbolofpridefortheircultureandmeansofcopingwithhomesickness.Manyimmigrantsopentheirownrestaurantsandservetraditionaldishes.However,thefooddoesnotremainexactlythesame.Somematerialsneededtomaketraditionaldishesmaynotbereadilyavailable,sothetasteandflavorcanbedifferentfromwhattheywouldprepareintheirhomecountries.Additionally,immigrantsdonotonlyselldishestopeoplefromthesamecountriesasthem,buttopeoplefromdifferentcountries.4Thosechangescancreatenewflavorsthatstillkeeptheculturalsignificanceofthedishes.Weshouldembraceourheritage(傳統(tǒng))throughourculture'sfoodbutalsobecomemoreinformedaboutotherculturesbytryingtheirfood.Itisimportanttorememberthateachdishhasaspecialplaceintheculturetowhichitbelongs,andisspecialtothosewhoprepareit.5A．Foodisawindowintoculture,anditshouldbetreatedassuch.B．Onanindividuallevel,wegrowupeatingthefoodofourculture.C．Thesmellandtasteofthefoodisveryfamiliartous.D．Italsooperatesasanexpressionofcultureidentity.E．Therefore,theyhavetomakesmallchangesabouttheoriginaldishestocatertoawiderrangeofcustomers.F．Doyoueveraskyourselfwhycertainfoodsorcookingtraditionsaresoimportanttoyourculture?G．Astheworldbecomesmoreglobalized,itiseasiertoaccessfoodsfromdifferentcultures.語篇解讀：本文是一篇爭論文。文章主要從食物與文化的關系的角度動身，認為傳統(tǒng)食物是文化的重要組成部分，它也是文化認同的表現(xiàn)和了解文化的窗口。1．選F上文Haveyoueverwonderedthatthefoodyoueateverydaycantellyouaboutwhereyoucomefrom?Haveyoueverwonderedwhypeoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldeatdifferenttypesoffood？與F項Doyoueveraskyourselfwhycertainfoodsorcookingtraditionsaresoimportanttoyourculture？承接自然，選項的問題和上文的兩個問題一起導入本文的話題——食物與文化之間的關系。故選F項。2．選B分析段落結構可知，設空處為本段中心句，與下段首句Onalargescale,traditionalfoodisanimportantpartofculture.呼應。且由下文Manyassociatefoodsfromour