江蘇省靖江2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期9月月考英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省靖江2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期9月月考英語(yǔ)試題第一部分：聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)：(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.What’sprobablythewoman’sjob?A.Ahotelreceptionist.B.Alibrarian.C.Acustomsofficer.2.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.TomakeanapplicationB.Togiveinformation.C.Toansweraquestion.3.HowdoesLindafeel?A.Confused.B.Surprised.C.Shocked.4.WhatmakesJimhurry?A.AttendingalectureB.Doingbusiness.C.Meetingassistants.5.Whichdoesthemanprefer?A.Beefstew.B.Friedeggs.C.Fishsoup.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘：聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthewomandislike?A.Playingfootball.B.Watchingfootball.C.Goingskating.7.Howoftendoesthemanskate?A.Never.B.Occasionally.C.Regularly.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inahotel.C.Athome.9.Whatseemstobetheproblemforthewoman?A.Shewasovercharged.B.Shegotthewrongfood.C.Shelostthebill.10.Howistheman’sservice?A.Disappointing.B.Annoying.C.Satisfying.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Brotherandsister.C.Teacherandstudent.12.Howistheman’swayofdescribingthemathproblem?A.Amusing.B.Simple.C.Complicated.13.WhatdoesMr.Williamsteach?A.Maths.B.History.C.English.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.What’sthewomandoing?A.Hostingaprogram.B.Organizingameeting.C.Treatingaguest.15.Whatmakestheman’steadifferent?A.Beingblended.B.Beingpure.C.Beingprocessed.16.Whydoesthecompanybuytheirteadirectlyfromthegrowers?A.Toreducetheprice.B.Toguidethegrowers.C.Totrackthegrowingprocess.17.Whatwillthemantalkaboutintheend?A.Thesourceoftheirtea.B.Thekindsoftheirtea.C.Thecharacteristicsoftheirtea.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Atradition.B.Aperformance.C.Chinatown.19.Whowillmakespeechesinthegathering?A.Railroadworkers.B.Entertainers.C.Governmentofficials.20.Whatwillpeopledoaftertheafternoonperformance?A.Buyclothes.B.HavedinnerC.Visitthemuseum.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAMEETTHEAGENT—JenniferMarchSoloway|AndreaBrownLiteraryAgencyJenniferMarchSolowayisasenioragent.Previously,sheworkedinpublicrelationsinavarietyofindustries,includingfinancialservices,healthcare,andtoys.ShehasamasterdegreeincreativewritingandlivesinSanFrancisco.“Iworkoncountlessrevisionsandkeeptryingneweditorstohelppeoplepursuetheirdreams.It’sexcitingtocallaclienttoletthemknowtheirprojectwillgetpublished,especiallyafterlongtrieswithoutluck.”FindheratAndreaBrownLandonX(Twitter)@marchsoloway.ABOUTME“Inadditiontoreading,Iwatchalotofscarymovies.”“Mypreferredtransportationismybicycle.”FAVORITEBlog:“Lately,I’vebeenreadingandenjoyingRobertReich’sblog.”Drink:“Coffee,hot,nosugar.”Quote:“Revisionismagical!”Author:“JamesBaldwin,butalso,somanyothers.”SEEKING“Iwouldlovetofindsomeexcitingadultliteraryadventures.Throwinatouchofromance,andIwillstayupallnightreading.IamalsohungryforYA(youngadult)novels,particularlystoriesaboutordinaryteensdealingwithlife,family,relationshipsormentalhealth.Thedigitalagehasbeenreallyhardonkidsandteens,andIthinkyoungreadersneedtoseetheirexperiencereflectedonthepagetoknowthey’renotalone.”1.WhatdoweknowaboutJenniferMarchSoloway?A.Sheworksinpublicrelationsnow. B.Shebelievesrevisionsreallyhelp.C.Sherelaxesherselfbyridingabike. D.Shepublishesherclients’projects.2.WhatdoesJenniferMarchSolowayseektodo?A.Towritestoriesaboutteenagelife. B.ToenjoyYAnovelswithromance.C.Tobringteenageproblemstolight. D.Toreflectthebenefitsofdigitalage.3.Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanwefindthisarticle?A.News. B.Finance. C.Advertisements. D.Literature.〖答案〗1.B2.C3.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是供職于AndreaBrownLiteraryAgency的一名叫JenniferMarchSoloway圖書代理征求書稿的廣告，文章介紹了JenniferMarchSoloway個(gè)人信息以及想要征求書稿的類型。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格第一列中“Iworkoncountlessrevisionsandkeeptryingneweditorstohelppeoplepursuetheirdreams.It’sexcitingtocallaclienttoletthemknowtheirprojectwillgetpublished,especiallyafterlongtrieswithoutluck.(我做了無(wú)數(shù)次的修改，并不斷嘗試新的編輯器來(lái)幫助人們追求他們的夢(mèng)想。)”以及“FAVORITE”部分中的“Revisionismagical!(修改是神奇的！)”可知Jennifer認(rèn)同修改確實(shí)有幫助。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“IamalsohungryforYA(youngadult)novels,particularlystoriesaboutordinaryteensdealingwithlife,family,relationshipsormentalhealth.Thedigitalagehasbeenreallyhardonkidsandteens,andIthinkyoungreadersneedtoseetheirexperiencereflectedonthepagetoknowthey’renotalone.(我也很喜歡青少年小說(shuō)，尤其是關(guān)于普通青少年如何處理生活、家庭、人際關(guān)系或心理健康的故事。數(shù)字時(shí)代對(duì)孩子和青少年來(lái)說(shuō)真的很艱難，我認(rèn)為年輕的讀者需要看到他們的經(jīng)歷在頁(yè)面上反映出來(lái)，知道他們并不孤單)”可知，Jennifer想征求關(guān)于普通青少年如何處理生活、家庭、人際關(guān)系或心理健康的故事的青少年小說(shuō)，以及反映青少年在數(shù)字時(shí)代所遇到的一些艱難經(jīng)歷的書稿；由此可知，JenniferMarchSoloway希望能夠揭示青少年的問(wèn)題。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段中“Iwouldlovetofindsomeexcitingadultliteraryadventures.Throwinatouchofromance,andIwillstayupallnightreading.IamalsohungryforYA(youngadult)novels,particularlystoriesaboutordinaryteensdealingwithlife,family,relationshipsormentalhealth.Thedigitalagehasbeenreallyhardonkidsandteens,andIthinkyoungreadersneedtoseetheirexperiencereflectedonthepagetoknowthey’renotalone.”(我想找一些令人興奮的成人文學(xué)冒險(xiǎn)。加點(diǎn)浪漫的東西，我就會(huì)通宵讀書。我也很喜歡青少年小說(shuō)，尤其是關(guān)于普通青少年如何處理生活、家庭、人際關(guān)系或心理健康的故事。數(shù)字時(shí)代對(duì)孩子和青少年來(lái)說(shuō)真的很艱難，我認(rèn)為年輕的讀者需要看到他們的經(jīng)歷在頁(yè)面上反映出來(lái)，知道他們并不孤單。)”可知，本文是一名叫JenniferMarchSoloway圖書代理征求書稿的廣告，文章介紹了JenniferMarchSoloway個(gè)人信息以及想要征求書稿的類型；由此可知本篇文章是圖書代理征求書稿的廣告，最可能在報(bào)紙的廣告版面找到這篇文章。故選C。BAnewT-shirtthatcontinuouslymonitorsheartactivityanddetectsabnormalitiesmayhelppreventstrokesbyidentifyingdangerousheartconditionslikeatrialfibrillation(AF).Thisirregularheartrhythmincreasestheriskofstrokeandaffectsoveramillion-peopleinBritain,withanestimated500,000moreremainingundiagnosedduetoalackofnoticeablesymptoms.Whilesomeindividualsexperiencesignslikechestpain,dizziness,orfatigue,manyonlydiscovertheconditionaftersufferingastroke.DetectingAFtypicallyinvolvesanelectrocardiogram(ECG),performedinahospitalwheretrainedstaffattachupto24electrodestodifferentpartsofthebody.However,sinceAFoftenoccursintermittently(間歇地),ashorthospitalcheck-upmaynotdetectit.Tocounterthis,doctorssometimesprovidepatientswithaHoltermonitor,adevicewornunderclothingthatrecordsheartactivity.However,it’sbulky,inconvenient,andrequiresmultiplewirestobeattachedtothechest,makingituncomfortablefordailywear.TheCardioskinT-shirtoffersamorepracticalalternative.Madefromcottonandwashableupto35times,ithas15smallelectrodeswovenintothechestareatomonitorheartsignalscontinuously.TheT-shirtcanbeworn24hoursaday,increasingthelikelihoodofdetectingabnormalrhythms.Poweredbyaremovablebattery,theelectrodesfeeddatatoamicrochip,whichwirelesslytransmitstheinformationtoanapp.Theappconvertsthedataintoaneasy-to-readchart,highlightinganyirregularheartactivity.Theresultsarethensharedwiththepatient’sdoctor,allowingforremotemonitoringwithoutrequiringhospitalvisits.ThisinnovativedesigncouldmakediagnosingAFeasierandmoreaccessible,potentiallyreducingtheriskofstrokeformany.ProfessorMartinCowie,acardiologistatImperialCollegeLondon,viewsCardioskinasansignificantdevelopmentinhearthealthmonitoring,offeringacomfortableandefficienttoolforearlydetectionofcardiacproblems.4.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph2?AThedifficultyindetectingatrialfibrillation. B.ThebenefitofwearingaHoltermonitor.C.Theprocessofrecordingheartactivity. D.ThefutureofdevelopinganewECG.5.WhydidtheauthormentionaHoltermonitorinthetext?A.Tointroduceawaytocheckthepatient’sheart.B.Toexplainwhydoctorslikeusingthedevice.C.ToshowtheadvantageofaCardioskinT-shirtoverit.D.Toencouragepeopletocareabouttheirhealth.6.WhatcanwelearnabouttheCardioskinT-shirt?A.IthaselectrodesplacedallovertheT-shirt.B.Itcanbewornamonthwithoutbeingwashed.C.IthasabatterythatcanbechargedeasilyandquicklyDItcanmaketheprocessofdiagnosistimelyandconvenient.7.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.NewECC:animportantdevelopmentfordoctorsB.Hi-techT-shirt:agoodhelperfordetectingstrokesC.Holtermonitor:adevicetrackingpatients’heartproblemsD.CardioskinT-shirt:ashirtkeepingpatientsfromdiseases〖答案〗4.A5.C6.D7.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。短文介紹了一件能持續(xù)監(jiān)控心臟活動(dòng)并檢測(cè)異常的T恤衫，并著重介紹了它給人們帶來(lái)益處?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“However,sinceAFoftenoccursintermittently(間歇地),ashorthospitalcheck-upmaynotdetectit.(然而，由于房顫經(jīng)常間歇性發(fā)生，短期的醫(yī)院檢查可能無(wú)法發(fā)現(xiàn)它。)”和“However,it’sbulky,inconvenient,andrequiresmultiplewirestobeattachedtothechest,makingituncomfortablefordailywear.(然而，它體積龐大，不方便，并且需要在胸部連接多根電線，這使得它在日常佩戴時(shí)不舒服。)”可知，第二段主要講的是房顫?rùn)z測(cè)的困難。故選A。【5題詳析】推理判斷題。由第二段“However,it’sbulky,inconvenient,andrequiresmultiplewirestobeattachedtothechest,makingituncomfortablefordailywear.(然而，它體積龐大，不方便，并且需要在胸部連接多根電線，這使得它在日常佩戴時(shí)不舒服。)”以及第三段“TheCardioskinT-shirtoffersamorepracticalalternative.Madefromcottonandwashableupto35times,ithas15smallelectrodeswovenintothechestareatomonitorheartsignalscontinuously.(Cardioskin的T恤提供了一個(gè)更實(shí)用的選擇。它由棉花制成，可洗滌多達(dá)35次，在胸部區(qū)域編織了15個(gè)小電極，以連續(xù)監(jiān)測(cè)心臟信號(hào)。)”可知，作者在文中提到了一個(gè)Holter監(jiān)護(hù)儀的裝置目的就是為了展示這件CardioskinT恤衫的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段“Poweredbyaremovablebattery,theelectrodesfeeddatatoamicrochip,whichwirelesslytransmitstheinformationtoanapp.Theappconvertsthedataintoaneasy-to-readchart,highlightinganyirregularheartactivity.Theresultsarethensharedwiththepatient’sdoctor,allowingforremotemonitoringwithoutrequiringhospitalvisits.ThisinnovativedesigncouldmakediagnosingAFeasierandmoreaccessible,potentiallyreducingtheriskofstrokeformany.(電極由一塊可移動(dòng)電池供電，將數(shù)據(jù)輸入微芯片，微芯片將信息無(wú)線傳輸?shù)綉?yīng)用程序。應(yīng)用程序?qū)?shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換成易于閱讀的圖表，突出顯示任何不規(guī)則的心臟活動(dòng)。然后將結(jié)果與患者的醫(yī)生共享，這樣就可以在不需要去醫(yī)院的情況下進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控。這種創(chuàng)新的設(shè)計(jì)可以使診斷心房顫動(dòng)更容易、更容易，潛在地降低許多人中風(fēng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。)”可推知，CardioskinT恤衫使診斷過(guò)程及時(shí)、方便。故選D?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“AnewT-shirtthatcontinuouslymonitorsheartactivityanddetectsabnormalitiesmayhelppreventstrokesbyidentifyingdangerousheartconditionslikeatrialfibrillation(AF).(一種新的T恤可以持續(xù)監(jiān)測(cè)心臟活動(dòng)并檢測(cè)異常，通過(guò)識(shí)別心房顫動(dòng)等危險(xiǎn)的心臟疾病，可能有助于預(yù)防中風(fēng)。)”可知，主要講述的是一種名為Cardioskin的新型T恤，它能夠持續(xù)監(jiān)測(cè)心臟活動(dòng)并檢測(cè)異常，特別是心房顫動(dòng)等危險(xiǎn)的心臟疾病，從而可能幫助預(yù)防中風(fēng)。故選B。CIthasbeenfiveyearssinceIleftmystaffjobandbecameself-employed.IremembermyterrorasIwalkedoutoftheofficeforthelasttimeandtheexcitementwhenIsoldmyfirstpiecedayslater.Workingforyourself,settingyourownhoursandbeingresponsibleforyoursuccessorfailureareexciting.Ileftmyjobjustassummerwasstarting,andmyfirstfewmonthswereasblissfulasthefairdays.Whenwintercame,anofficewheresomeoneelsepaidforthecentralheatingandmysalarywasguaranteedseemedattractive.Januaryistoughforfreelancers(自由職業(yè)者),anditwasnodifferentforme—aftermassesofwork,Iearnednone.IsharedmyfearswithsomebusinesswomenIknew—whatiftherealitywouldbemorelikewhatIwasexperiencing?Whetherthroughchoiceorcircumstance,thenumberoffreelancersisrisingand,ifyou’rejuststartingout,itisscary.I’vebeenluckythatthesewomenmakingmoneytheirownwaysharedkeylessonsaboutwhatittakes.Youcan’tfeelhalf-heartedaboutwhatyoudobecause,atsomepoint,you’regoingtohavepainfuldays.Whenthathappens,youhavetorememberwhyyouwantedthislifeinthefirstplace.Don’tquityourjobforsomethingthatyouthinkmightbemoreinteresting,quititforsomethingyoucan’tstopthinkingabout.Settingupabusinessistough.Ratherthanwaitinguntilallisperfect,goforthemomentwhenitfeelsasifmomentum(勢(shì)頭)iswithyou.Lookafteryourself.Thereisnosickpaywhenyouareself-employed.Youcan’tdoabadday’sworkandblameitonyourboss.Youarethebackboneofyourbusinessandyouneedtoprioritizeyourhealthandwell-being.Restregularlyandfindlike-mindedpeopletosupportyouandliftyouupwhenthingsgethard.Finally,enjoyit.Freedomisyoursand,ifyoucanmakeitwork,thereisnothingbetter.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“blissful”inparagraph1mean?A.Pleasant. B.challenging.C.Awful. D.Boring.9.Whatbotheredtheauthorwhenwintercame?A.Thecoldweatherinfluencedherworkingperformance.B.Sheeventuallyrealizedfreelancingwasn’ttohertaste.C.Massesoffreelancingworkbroughthermuchanxiety.D.Shecouldn’tevenearnenoughtomeetdailybasics.10.Accordingtotheauthor,whyshouldwequitforanewjob?A.Toescapefromthecurrentpain. B.Tosatisfyourtemporaryinterests.C.Toexplorewhereourstrengthlies. D.Topursuewhatwereallydesire.11.What’sauthor’sprobableattitudetowardsbecomingfreelancers?A.Critical. B.Favorable. C.Cautious. D.Unclear.〖答案〗8.A9.D10.D11.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，主要講述了作者離開(kāi)了穩(wěn)定的工作，成為了一個(gè)自由職業(yè)者，并通過(guò)其在離職后經(jīng)歷的困難為那些打算成為自由職業(yè)者的人們提供了自己的建議，并明確支持自由就業(yè)?！?題詳析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段的“IthasbeenfiveyearssinceIleftmystaffjobandbecameself-employed.IremembermyterrorasIwalkedoutoftheofficeforthelasttimeandtheexcitementwhenIsoldmyfirstpiecedayslater.Workingforyourself,settingyourownhoursandbeingresponsibleforyoursuccessorfailureareexciting.Ileftmyjobjustassummerwasstarting,andmyfirstfewmonthswereasblissfulasthefairdays.(自從我離開(kāi)我的員工工作成為個(gè)體戶已經(jīng)五年了。我還記得最后一次走出辦公室時(shí)的恐懼，以及幾天后賣出第一件作品時(shí)的興奮。為自己工作，設(shè)定自己的時(shí)間，對(duì)自己的成功或失敗負(fù)責(zé)，這些都是令人興奮的。夏天剛開(kāi)始，我就離開(kāi)了我的工作，我的頭幾個(gè)月就像晴天一樣blissful。)”可知，作者做自由職業(yè)者的初始幾個(gè)月是很順利的，因此心情很愉快。blissful意為“快樂(lè)的，愉悅的”，與Pleasant意思一致。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Whenwintercame,anofficewheresomeoneelsepaidforthecentralheatingandmysalarywasguaranteedseemedattractive.Januaryistoughforfreelancers,anditwasnodifferentforme—aftermassesofwork,Iearnednone.(當(dāng)冬天來(lái)臨的時(shí)候，一間由別人支付中央供暖費(fèi)用并保證我的工資的辦公室似乎很有吸引力。一月對(duì)于自由職業(yè)者來(lái)說(shuō)是艱難的，對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)也一樣——在做了大量的工作之后，我一無(wú)所獲。)”可知，作者在1月的冬天遭遇了挫折，做了大量的工作之后一無(wú)所獲，甚至掙不到足夠的錢來(lái)維持供暖這樣的日?；旧铋_(kāi)支。故選D。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Don’tquityourjobforsomethingthatyouthinkmightbemoreinteresting,quititforsomethingyoucan’tstopthinkingabout.(不要因?yàn)槟阏J(rèn)為可能更有趣的事情而辭職，要因?yàn)槟銦o(wú)法停止思考的事情而辭職。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為辭職去找一份新工作是因?yàn)樾闹蟹挪幌伦约合胱龅氖虑椋匆プ非笪覀冋嬲释臇|西。故選D?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Finally,enjoyit.Freedomisyoursand,ifyoucanmakeitwork,thereisnothingbetter.(最后，享受它。自由是你的，如果你能讓它發(fā)揮作用，那就再好不過(guò)了。)”可知，作者對(duì)從事自由職業(yè)持支持態(tài)度。故選B。DManyphilosophersandpsychologistshavearguedthatempathy(共情)isanaturalcharacteristic,hard-wiredintoourgenesandbrains.Thereasoninggoesthateachofushasa“l(fā)evel”ofempathyand—likeouradultheight—we’restuckthereforlife.Thisisallwellandgoodifyou’realreadyempathetic,butalsomeansthatifyoustrugglewithempathy,you’llneverimprovenomatterhowhardyoutry.Thankfully,thisviewisincomplete.Throughtherightpractices,suchasdiversefriendshipsandevenfictionreading,wecangrowourempathyonpurpose.Empathyissomethinglikeamuscle:leftunused,itweakens;puttowork,itgrows.Noemotionisalwaysuseful,andthatgoesforempathyaswell.Thisisespeciallytruefornurses,doctorsandothercaregivers.Theseindividualsaredriventotheirworkbyadeepdesiretohelpothers.Patientsofempatheticdoctorsaremoresatisfiedwiththeircare.However,whenhealthcareprofessionalscaretoomuch,theyareathighriskofburnout,tirednessanddepressionfromover-empathizingwithothers’suffering.Somepsychologists,includingmyself,arenowexploringhowpeopleintheseprofessionsmightempathizeinmoresustainableways.Forexample,empatheticconcern-—feelingforsomeone—isdistantfromemotionalempathy—feelingassomeoneelsedoes.Iftheycandevelopconcerninstead,forexample,theycancarewithoutfallingapart.InanothersetofstudiesconductedwithCarolDweek,aStanfordprofessorofpsychology,wefoundthatmerelybelievingempathyisaskillthatcanbedevelopedinspiredpeopletotryharderatit.Forinstance,peoplewhowereencouragedtohavea“growthmindset”aroundempathy,ascomparedtoafixedmindset,spentmoretimelisteningtothesufferingofsomeoneofanotherraceandmoreenergytowardstryingtounderstandtheopinionsofsomeonefromadifferentpartofthepoliticaldivide.12.Whatviewdomanyphilosophersandpsychologistshaveaboutempathy?A.Itgrowswhenpracticedoften.B.Itisaresultofindividualexperiences.C.Itisinbornanddifficulttodevelop.D.Itvariesdependingonone’supbringing.13.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestdoctorsdo?A.Developtheiremotionalempathy.B.Trytoerasetheirpatients’concern.C.Carefortheirpatientsasmuchaspossible.D.Workonimprovingtheirempatheticconcern.14.BasedonCarolDweek’sstudiesinwhichsituationarepeoplewillinglyempathetic?A.Iftheybelievethatempathyisflexible.B.Iftheyaregivenenoughattention.C.Iftheylistentotheidenticalpoliticalviews.D.Iftheysufferracialdiscrimination.15.Inwhichunitofatextbookdoesthetextmostlikelyappear?A.Understandingyourselfmore. B.Feelingforothers.C.Exploringgenesandemotions. D.Repairingbrokenrelationships.〖答案〗12.C13.D14.A15.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是與他人共情是一種十分重要的促進(jìn)人際關(guān)系的能力。然而，長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)，共情能力被認(rèn)為是天生的，由基因決定，一成不變。作為一名心理學(xué)家，作者認(rèn)為，共情能力可以在后天通過(guò)多種方式進(jìn)行培養(yǎng)?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Manyphilosophersandpsychologistshavearguedthatempathy(共情)isanaturalcharacteristic,hard-wiredintoourgenesandbrains.(許多哲學(xué)家和心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為，同理心是一種自然特征，根植于我們的基因和大腦中。)”和“Thisisallwellandgoodifyou’realreadyempathetic,butalsomeansthatifyoustrugglewithempathy,you’llneverimprovenomatterhowhardyoutry.(如果你已經(jīng)有同理心，這一切都很好，但也意味著如果你在同理心方面掙扎，無(wú)論你多么努力，你都永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)提高。)”可知，許多哲學(xué)家和心理學(xué)家對(duì)移情的看法是這是天生的，很難培養(yǎng)。故選C?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“However,whenhealthcareprofessionalscaretoomuch,theyareathighriskofburnout,tirednessanddepressionfromover-empathizingwithothers’suffering.(然而，當(dāng)醫(yī)療保健專業(yè)人員過(guò)于關(guān)心時(shí)，他們很有可能因過(guò)度同情他人的痛苦而感到倦怠、疲倦和抑郁。)”可知，護(hù)士、醫(yī)生和其他醫(yī)護(hù)人員極有可能因?yàn)檫^(guò)度共情他人的痛苦而面臨倦怠、疲勞和抑郁的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。再根據(jù)第四段中的“Forexample,empatheticconcern-feelingforsomeone—isdistantfromemotionalempathy—feelingassomeoneelsedoes.Iftheycandevelopconcerninstead,forexample,theycancarewithoutfallingapart.(例如，移情關(guān)懷——對(duì)某人的感覺(jué)——與情感移情——像別人一樣的感覺(jué)是有距離的。例如，如果他們能培養(yǎng)出關(guān)心，他們就能在不崩潰的情況下關(guān)心他人。)”可知，作者建議醫(yī)護(hù)人員努力提高他們的同理心。故選D。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“InanothersetofstudiesconductedwithCarolDweek,aStanfordprofessorofpsychology,wefoundthatmerelybelievingempathyisaskillthatcanbedevelopedinspiredpeopletotryharderatit.(在與斯坦福大學(xué)心理學(xué)教授CarolDweek進(jìn)行的另一組研究中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，僅僅相信同理心是一種可以培養(yǎng)的技能，就能激勵(lì)人們更加努力地去做這件事。)”可知，如果他們相信同理心是靈活的，人們就會(huì)心甘情愿地移情。故選A。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段“Throughtherightpractices,suchasdiversefriendshipsandevenfictionreading,wecangrowourempathyonpurpose.Empathyissomethinglikeamuscle:leftunused,itweakens;puttowork,itgrows.(通過(guò)正確的做法，比如不同的友誼，甚至小說(shuō)閱讀，我們可以有意地培養(yǎng)我們的同理心。同理心就像一塊肌肉：如果不使用，它會(huì)變?nèi)酰煌度牍ぷ?，它就?huì)成長(zhǎng)。)”可知，文章就同理心展開(kāi)討論，同理心是一種對(duì)他人的情感產(chǎn)生共鳴或表現(xiàn)出共情和同理心的能力，因此本文最可能出現(xiàn)在教科書的對(duì)他人的感覺(jué)這個(gè)單元，故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)Gettingnegativefeedbackneverfeelsgood.Infact,itprettymuchalwayssucks.Eventhoughitfeelsbad,constructivefeedbackismeanttohelpusgrowandimprove.Herearesomestrategiesthatcanhelpyouusenegativefeedbackconstructively,leadingtopositivechange.____16____Yourinstinctmaybetogetupsetorjustifyyourselfinstantly,butit’simportanttoremainasprofessionalaspossibleinthemoment.Evenwhenyourcriticizerisfactuallywrong,theresponse“You’rewrong!”won’teverbehelpful.Thekeyistolistenwithoutplanningyourreply.Simplynoduntiltheotherpersonhascompletelyfinished.Recognizethegoodintentions.Remember,thepeoplewhowillgiveyoutoughfeedbackarethepeoplewhoreallycareaboutyoursuccess.Peoplewhotellyouonlywhattheyknowyouwanttoheardon’treallycareaboutyou.____17____Don’tletitharmyourconfidence.Whateveryoudo,don’tallownegativefeedbacktodestroyyourself-esteem.____18____Whateverwentwrongwon’tdefineyouforeverifyouapplythefeedbackconstructivelyanduseittoyouradvantage.Practiceself-affirmation.____19____Itcanbehelpfultoremindyourselfofotheraspectsofyouridentitythatarenotinquestiontoboostyourconfidence.Forexample,youcouldsay:“Yes,myteamthinksI’mamicromanager,butIcanworkonthat,Iamalsoanicepartner,committedvolunteerandtalentedsinger.’’Setactionablegoals.Itcanbehelpfultobreakdownthefeedbackintospecific,actionablegoals.____20____Settimetooutlineanactionplanandtimelineforeachofthesegoals.Withthis,youcankeeptrackofyourprogressandholdyourselfaccountabletoyourgoals.Thoughnegativefeedbackmaybedisheartening,takethenecessarystepstobecomeanevenbetterversionofyourself.A.Avoidreactingdefensively.B.Don’ttakethefeedbackpersonally.C.Thesecanfeeleasiertoworkwithandgiveyoudirection.D.Youdon’thavetoapplyeverypieceoffeedbackyoureceive.E.Negativefeedbackcansometimesmakeyoufeellikeafailure.F.It’salmostimpossibletoconsistentlydoeverythingrightallthetime.G.Soinsteadofreactingnegatively,thankthosecaringaboutyoutogiveyouhonestfeedback.〖答案〗16.A17.G18.F19.E20.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一些幫助你建設(shè)性地利用負(fù)面反饋，導(dǎo)致積極的變化的策略?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Yourinstinctmaybetogetupsetorjustifyyourselfinstantly,butit’simportanttoremainasprofessionalaspossibleinthemoment.Evenwhenyourcriticizerisfactuallywrong,theresponse“You’rewrong!”won’teverbehelpful.Thekeyistolistenwithoutplanningyourreply.Simplynoduntiltheotherpersonhascompletelyfinished.(你的本能可能會(huì)讓你心煩意亂，或者立刻為自己辯護(hù)，但在那一刻盡可能保持專業(yè)是很重要的。即使批評(píng)你的人實(shí)際上是錯(cuò)的，“你錯(cuò)了!”這句話不會(huì)有任何幫助。關(guān)鍵是傾聽(tīng)而不是計(jì)劃你的回答。只要點(diǎn)頭，直到對(duì)方完全說(shuō)完)”可知，本段的主旨是避免在收到批評(píng)時(shí)，立刻為自己辯護(hù)，即防御性反應(yīng)。故A選項(xiàng)“避免防御性的反應(yīng)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。【17題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Recognizethegoodintentions.Remember,thepeoplewhowillgiveyoutoughfeedbackarethepeoplewhoreallycareaboutyoursuccess.Peoplewhotellyouonlywhattheyknowyouwanttoheardon’treallycareaboutyou.(認(rèn)識(shí)到良好的意圖。記住，給你嚴(yán)厲反饋的人是真正關(guān)心你成功的人。那些只告訴你他們知道你想聽(tīng)的話的人并不是真的關(guān)心你)”可知，上文提到了給你嚴(yán)厲反饋的人是真正關(guān)心你的人，故本句與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，指出應(yīng)該感謝這些人。故G選項(xiàng)“所以，與其消極地回應(yīng)，不如感謝那些關(guān)心你的人給你誠(chéng)實(shí)的反饋”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Don’tletitharmyourconfidence.Whateveryoudo,don’tallownegativefeedbacktodestroyyourself-esteem.(不要讓它傷害你的信心。無(wú)論你做什么，都不要讓負(fù)面的反饋毀掉你的自尊)”以及后文“Whateverwentwrongwon’tdefineyouforeverifyouapplythefeedbackconstructivelyanduseittoyouradvantage.(如果你建設(shè)性地運(yùn)用反饋并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為你的優(yōu)勢(shì)，那么無(wú)論什么錯(cuò)誤都不會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)定義你)”可知，上文提到了無(wú)論做什么，都不要讓負(fù)面反饋毀掉你的自尊，故本句說(shuō)明負(fù)面反饋時(shí)有發(fā)生，故F選項(xiàng)“始終如一地做好每件事幾乎是不可能的”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Practiceself-affirmation.(實(shí)踐自我肯定)”以及后文“Itcanbehelpfultoremindyourselfofotheraspectsofyouridentitythatarenotinquestiontoboostyourconfidence.Forexample,youcouldsay:“Yes,myteamthinksI’mamicromanager,butIcanworkonthat,Iamalsoanicepartner,committedvolunteerandtalentedsinger.’’(提醒自己其他沒(méi)有問(wèn)題的方面會(huì)對(duì)增強(qiáng)自信很有幫助。例如，你可以說(shuō)：“是的，我的團(tuán)隊(duì)認(rèn)為我是一個(gè)微觀管理者，但我可以改進(jìn)，我也是一個(gè)很好的合作伙伴，忠誠(chéng)的志愿者和有才華的歌手?！?”可知，后文主要說(shuō)明了從其他方面肯定自己的能力，可推測(cè)本句是在說(shuō)明負(fù)面反饋帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響。故E選項(xiàng)“負(fù)面反饋有時(shí)會(huì)讓你覺(jué)得自己很失敗”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Setactionablegoals.Itcanbehelpfultobreakdownthefeedbackintospecific,actionablegoals.(設(shè)定可行的目標(biāo)。將反饋分解成具體的、可操作的目標(biāo)是很有幫助的)”可知，本句承接上文，說(shuō)明設(shè)定目標(biāo)的作用，C選項(xiàng)中These指代上文goals。故C選項(xiàng)“他們會(huì)讓你感覺(jué)更容易相處，給你指明方向”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。EveryChristmas,mymomwouldfillourstockingswithsmalltoysandcandies.Attheverytipofthestocking,thevery____21____thingthatwewouldpulloutwasanorange.Foryears,Ihatedthetradition.Itwas____22____topullanorangeoutofmy____23____afteruncoveringsomanyfunanddelicioustreats.Anorangewasn’tspecial.Icouldeatoneanytimeoftheyear,anditwasjust____24____roomthatcouldhavebeenfilledwithmorecandy.WhenIwasthirteen,I____25____askedmymotherwhysheputorangesinourstockings.She____26____mygrandfatherhadgrownupverypoor.Hisfatherhadabraintumorthatlefthimblindand____27____towork,sohismotherreliedon____28____fromthechurchtotakecareofhersevenchildren.EveryChristmas,alocalchurchdonatedabasketoffruittotheirfamily.Thiswasmygrandfather’sfavoritedayoftheyearbecauseitwastheonlydaywhenhecouldeatfreshfruit.Theorangeswerehisfavoritebecausethey____29____likesunshine.Whenhegrewup,healways_____30_____tohaveabowloforangesaroundatChristmastimesohecould_____31_____hisfavoriteChristmasmemorywithhischildren.Whenmymomfinishedtellingthestory,Ifelt_____32_____.Inmyrushtocollectasmuchcandyaspossible,Ihad_____33_____tobegrateful.Nowtheorangeatthebottomofmystockingisa_____34_____tobegratefulforthebeautifulChristmasesthatmyparentsgavemeandforthehardworktheydidthatensuredIcouldhavea（n）_____35_____anydayoftheyear.21.A.best B.last C.first D.fast22.A.disappointing B.amazing C.appealing D.frightening23.A.room B.bag C.stocking D.pocket24.A.blowingup B.buildingup C.takingup D.holdingup25.A.initially B.joyfully C.casually D.eventually26.A.commented B.described C.explained D.imagined27.A.unwilling B.unable C.qualified D.ambitious28.A.contributions B.inventions C.pensions D.donations29.A.tasted B.looked C.touched D.felt30.A.settleddown B.spokeup C.madesure D.turnedup31.A.share B.exchange C.appreciate D.discuss32.A.anxious B.ashamed C.delighted D.excited33.A.forgotten B.expected C.continued D.agreed34.A.ceremony B.tradition C.reminder D.memory35.A.party B.festival C.gift D.orange〖答案〗21.B22.A23.