不定代詞知識點總結(jié)

不定代詞的用法一、復合不定代詞由some.any.no.every.及body.thing.one構(gòu)成的合成詞1.復合不定代詞作主語時，謂語動詞使用單數(shù)第三人稱形式EverybodyinourclassinterestedinEnglish.2.修飾復合不定代詞的詞必須放在其后Ihavetotellyou.(一些重要的事情)Weneedonemorehelper.Canyoufindanyoneelse3.none在句中不能單獨作主語，但可及of短語一起作主語，但其它復合不定代詞可單獨作主語，但不能同of連用4.anyone/anyone；noone/none的用法1)anyone及anyoneanyone僅指人，anyone既可指人，也可指物。2)noone及nonea)none不能單獨做主語，后跟of短語一起做主語，既可指人又可指物，而noone只單獨使用，只指人。b)none作主語，謂語動詞用單，復數(shù)均可，而noone作主語謂語動詞只能是單數(shù)。Noneofyoucouldliftit.你們中沒有人可舉起它。----Didanyonecallmeupjustnow--剛才有人打給我嗎----Noone.--沒有。(注意：Everyone等同于everybody，只能指人。everyone既可指人也可指物，還可以及of短語連用。Iwouldlikeeveryonetobehappy.Everyone\everyonelikesMary.Ihavekepteveryoneofherletters.)二、普通不定代詞all.both.each.either.none.neither.every,more,(a)little,(a)few,much,many,another,other,some,any等不定代詞的用法一）兩者：Both都，either任何一個，neither都不三者：all都，any任何一個，none都不1.all及both的用法。1）all及both都表示整體，但all都，指三者以上。both都，指兩者。在句中都可作主語、賓語、表語、同位語及定語。AllofuslikeMr.Pope.我們都喜歡Pope先生。（作主語）=WealllikeMr.Pope.(作同位語)Allthewaterhasbeenusedup.(作主語)That'sallfortoday.(作表語)Whynoteatall(of)thefish(作賓語)Alltheleadersarehere./Allknowledgecomesfrompractice.(作定語)2）both及all加否定詞是部分否定。如果表示全部否定，要分別用neither及none。Bothofusarenotgoodatsinging.Neitherofusisgoodatsinging.Alloftheteachersarenotforeigners.Noneoftheteachersareforeigners..注意：all及none用法一樣。跟單數(shù)名詞，用單數(shù)動詞；跟復數(shù)名詞，用復數(shù)動詞。Allofthestudentsarethere.All(of)themilkisthere.2.neither及nor的用法1)如前句是否定式從句，則主句用neither，而不用nor。Ifyoudon'tdoit，neithershouldI.如果你不干，我也不干。2)如后連續(xù)有幾個否定句式，則用nor，不用neither。Hecan'tsing，nordance，norskate.3.neither及either的用法1）neither表示“兩者都不”，neither?nor?意為“既不?又不?”。either表示“兩者中的任何一個”，either?or?意為“或是??，或是??”Neitheroftheanswerisright.Ihaveneithertimenormoneytotakeatrip.Eithersentenceisright.Youcaneithergoorstay.二）、Some,any的用法1)都可用作主語，賓語，any但常用于否定句或疑問句中，some常用于一定句中---HaveyouanyFrenchbooks---Yes,Ihavesome.DoesanyofyouknowMr.LiuIdon’tlikeanyofthesepictures.2)some多用于一定句，表示“一些，幾個”作形容詞時，后面可以接可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)動詞；②可數(shù)名詞+復數(shù)動詞。Look!Someofthestudentsarecleaningthelibrary.Somericeinthebaghasbeensoldout.3)）any多用于疑問句、條件句及否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容詞時，后面可以接①不可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)動詞；②可數(shù)名詞+復數(shù)動詞。HaveyougotanyteaIfyouhaveanyquestions,pleaseaskme.Thereisn'tanyorangeinthebottle.注意；當問句表示邀請或者請求，或期待得到一定回答時要用some。ShallIgetsomeforyouWouldyoulikesomecoffeeany用于一定句，表示“任何”Youmaycometoaskquestionsatanytime,I’llbeatschoolthewholeafternoon.三）代詞it的用法1）指代前面提到過的事物Thisisnotmybook.ItisJim’s.2)指代指示代詞this\thatWhat’sthisItisabook.3）指嬰兒或不明身份的人WhoisthebabyinthepictureIt’smybrother.4）指時間或季節(jié)WhatisyourfavouriteseasomIt’sautumn.5）表距離Howfarisitfromheretoyourschool6）表天氣What’stheweatherlikeinBeijinginwinterIt’cold.7）用作形式主語，常用于下列句型中（1）.It’s+adj.+(forsb.)todosth.（2）It’stimetodo\for\that…（3）Itseemsthat…（4）It’sone’sturntodosth.(5)Itis+adj.+that..8）用作形式賓語Doyouthinkitnecessarytolearntowaitinline.9）引導強調(diào)句型Itis\was+被強調(diào)部分+that\who+其它成分)ItwasintheparkthatTomlosthiswatch.注意：一)Itone(ones),that,(those)作替代詞時的區(qū)別1)it特制上下文提到的同一對象，是同一事物Thebookismine,It’sveryinteresting.2)泛指上下文提到的同類事物中的一個，同類而不同物—Whohasapen---Ihaveone.3)That常用于比較結(jié)構(gòu)中，代替前面提到的名詞（可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)及不可數(shù)名詞），those常用于比較結(jié)構(gòu)中，代替前面提到的可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，以避免重復。TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatinGuangzhouinwinter.四）few,afew,little,alittle在用法上的區(qū)別1)(a)few+可數(shù)名詞,(a)little+不可數(shù)名詞2)afew/alittle為一定含義，還有一點3)few/little為否定含義，沒有多少了。Hehasafewfriends.他有幾個朋友。Hehasfewfriends.他幾乎沒有朋友。Westillhavealittletime.我們還有點時間。Thereislittletimeleft.幾乎沒剩下什么時間了。4)固定搭配:onlyafew(=few)notafew(=many)quiteafew(=many)manya(=many)Manybooksweresold.Manyabookwassold.5）alittle及l(fā)ittle也可以用作副詞，alittle表示“有點，稍微”，little表示“很少”。I'malittlehungry.(修飾形容詞hungry)Lethimsleepalittle.(修飾動詞sleep)Mary,goalittlefaster,please.(修飾副詞比較級)Shesleptverylittlelastnight.五）1）other可以作形容詞用，后面可以跟單數(shù)或復數(shù)名詞，意思是“其他的、別的”。WherearehisotherbooksIhaven'tanyotherbooksexceptthisone.2）other也可以用作代詞，及冠詞the連用構(gòu)成“theother”，表示兩個人或物中的“另一個”。常及one搭配構(gòu)成“one...,theother...”句型。Hehastwobrothers.Oneis10yearsold,theotheris5yearsold.Sheheldarulerinonehandandanexercise-bookintheother.3）other作代詞用時，可以有復數(shù)“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常及some搭配構(gòu)成“some....,others...”句型。Somewenttothecinema,otherswentswimming.Thiscoatistoolarge.Showmesomeothers,please.4）“theothers”表示特指某范圍內(nèi)的“其他的人或物”。Wegothomeby4o'clock,buttheothersdidn'tgetbackuntil8o'clock.InourclassonlyTomisEnglish,theothersareChinese.5）another可以作形容詞用，修飾后面的名詞，意為“另一個”，還可以跟代詞one.Youcanseeanothershipinthesea,can'tyouMarydoesn'twanttobuythisskirt.Wouldyoupleaseshowheranotherone6）another也可以作代詞用，表示“另一個”。I'mstillhungryafterI'vehadthiscake.Pleasegivemeanother.鞏固練習：Ⅰ.Choosethebestanswer()1.Thisisaveryoldsong,so______youngpeopleknowit.A:fewB:littlec:afewD:alittle().Thetwofishermensaw______intheskywhiletheywerefishingbyariver.A:somethingstrangeB:anythingstrangeC:strangesomethingD:strangeanything()3.Therearen’tmanyorangeshere,butyoucantake______ifyouwantto.A:fewB:afewC:alittleD:little()4.Therearetwentyteachersinthisgrade.Eightofthemarewomenteachersand______arementeachers.A:theotherB:theothersC:othersD:other()5.Mysportsshoesaretoosmall.Iwanttobuy______pair.A:theothersB:theotherC:otherD:another()6.Ididn’tlikethecrosstalk.______oftheactorswasfunny.A:BothB:AllC:NeitherD:Either)7.______ofushasreadthestory.A:SomeB:BothC:AllD:None()8.Studentsareusuallyinterestedinsports.Somelikerunning,somelikeswimming,______likeballgames.A:theothersB:othersC:theotherD:other()9.Therearemanyhigh-riseson______sideofHuaihaiRoad.Whatamagnificentview!A:eitherB:neitherC:bothD:all()10.ShanghaiWaihuantunnelisalreadyopentotraffic,soitwilltakeus______timetogotoPudongInternationalAirport.A:afewB:fewerC:alittleD:less()11.Notlongago,ourcountrysetuparocketwithtwosmallsatellitesintospace.Oneweighed204kilosand______25kilos.A:anotherB:otherC:othersD:theother\()12.Inordertokeephealthy,youshouldeat______fastfood,______freshvegetablesandtakeenoughexercise.A:fewer;fewerB:less;moreC:fewer;moreD:less;less()13.LiuXiangandYaoMingareworld-famoussportsstars.______ofthemhavesetagoodexampletous.A:AllB:NeitherC:BothD:None()14.Mr.Smithisquitebusytoday.Hehas______meetingstoattend.A:littleB:alittleC:fewD:afew().15.Obeythetrafficrulesandlearntoprotectyourself.______ismoreimportantthanlife.A:NothingB:SomethingC:EverythingD:Anything()16.Canwedoourworkbetterwith______moneyand______peopleA:less,fewB:less,fewerC:little;,lessD:few,less()17.HehastwoflatsinLondon.However,______isnew.A:bothB:neitherC:allD:none()18.Thereis______withyourwatch.Itgetsslowereveryday.A:nothingwrongB:somethingwrongC:wrongsomethingD:wrongnothing()19.Itseemsthathehasgot______toshowus.Let’sgoandenjoyit.A:somethinginterestingB:interestingsomethingC:nothingsomethingD:interestingnothing()20.______ofyouranswerisright.Pleasetryathirdtime.A:NeitherB:NoneC:EitherD:Both()21.______Kathy______Alice______athomelastSunday.A:Neither,nor,wereB:Both,and,wasC:Either,or,wasD:Notonly,butalso,were()22.______ofthewinnershasbeenawardedaprize.A:EveryB:everyoneC:EachD:Both()23.Thereis______inkinmypen.Wouldyougiveme______A:little,alittleB:alittle,littleC:few,afewC:afew,few()24.Thedaysinwinterareshorterthan______insummer.A:thoseB:thatC:theseD:them()25.Theydon’tgotoEuropeforholiday,_______.A:neitherwillweB:neitherdoweC:sowillweD:sowewill()26.Itmustbeyourfirsttimetomeeteachother.Letmedotheintroduction.______isMr.Smith.A:HeB:ThereC:ThisD:That()27.I’mhungry.Iwant______toeat.______cando.A:something,SomethingB:anything,AnythingC:something,AnythingD:anything,Something()28.______ofuslikesthissonginourclass.A:NoneB:NooneC:AllD:Both()29.Ihaveasisterandtwobrothers.______ofthemarenowinJapan.A:BothB:EveryoneC:EitherD:All()30.IsthereanywaterinthebottleNo,______.A:noneB:nothingC:notmanyD:quiteafew()31.Herworkisbetterthan______inourclass.A:anyoneB:anyone’sC:anyone’selseD:anyoneelse’s()32.Whichdoyouprefer,theredoneorthegreenone______.A:NoneB:AnyC:EitherD:Every()33.______isinterestedinsuchasillyplay.A:NooneB:NoneofusC:AllofusD:WeallⅡ.Rewritethesentencesasrequired1.BothTomandTimaregoodatsports.（改為否定句）____Tom_____Tim_____goodatsports.2.Thisproblemissodifficultthatnobodycanworkitout.（保持原意）Thisproblemis____difficultfor______toworkout.3.Allofthemareteachers.（改為否定句）______ofthem______ateacher.4.Thisansweriswrong.Thatanswerisalsowrong.（保持句意）_____thisanswer______thatoneisright.三、用some，any，no，every及thing，one，body構(gòu)成的復合不定代詞填空。1.Don’tworry.Thereis____wrongwithyou.2.Ifyoudon’ttell____aboutit,___willknow.3.—Canyouhear____—Yes,butIcan’tsee___.4.Pleaseget___readyatonce.We’llgoatnineo’clock.5.Wouldyoulike___toeat6.Isthere____hereIwantsomehelp.7.Listen!____iscoming.8.___wasinterestedinthegame.歷中考真題回顧：1.–Wow!You’vegotsomanyclothes.--But_____ofthemareinfashionnow.A.allB.bothC.neitherD.none2.Charleswasaloneathome,with_____lookingafterhim.A.someoneB.anyoneC.notoneD.noone3.Janewasaskedalotofquestions,bu