英文2024年循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)白皮書

WhitePaperonCircularEconomy

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ExecutiveSummary

?TheEuropeanCommission’sCircularEconomyActionPlan1,theirRoadmap2andtheEuropeanGreenDeal3haveestablisheddirectionforthe

futureapproachtoasustainablebusinessmodelbasedoncircularity.

?Transitioningtoamorecirculareconomyrequireschangesthroughoutvaluechains,fromproductdesign,manufacturingandsupply,tonew

businessandmarketmodels.Designingproductsforlowenvironmentalimpacts,identifyingnewwaysofturningwasteintoresources,prolongingthelifeofproductsandchangestoconsumer

behaviourarealsoimportantconsiderations.

?EFPIA,theresearch-basedpharmaceuticalindustryissupportiveoftheprinciplesoftheCircular

EconomyActionPlanandseessynergieswith

ouraspirationtosafeguardthefuturesupplyofpharmaceuticalsforpatientsandimprovehumanhealth.Implementationofacirculareconomyisfundamentaltohelplimitglobalwarming4and

wewelcometheopportunitytobepartofthe

solutionbyworkingcollaborativelywiththeEUinshapingthelegislativeframeworkandwithinourorganizationstomitigateourimpacts.

?Thepharmaceuticalindustry’sapproachto

circularitybuildsoneffortstodecarbonisethe

healthcaresector5andalignswiththeEU’s

approach,whilstrecognisingtheconstraints,

especiallyonspeedoftransition,fromoperating

?Asasignificantglobalmarketforthe

pharmaceuticalindustry,theapproachthattheEUtakeswillinfluencetheapproachthatothercountriesandjurisdictionstaketothisissue.

Itisthereforeessentialthatduecareistakentounderstandtheconsequencestoextendedmedicines,vaccines,andtherapeuticssupplychainsbothintoandoutoftheEU.Shared

sustainabilityobjectivesmustbereachedinawaythatcontinuestosafeguardinternationalsupplyofthesevitalproducts.

1TheEuropeanCommission,2020CircularEconomyActionPlanhttps://ec.europa.eu/environment/circular-economy/pdf/new_circular_economy_action_plan.pdf

2TheEuropeanCommission,2019,Annex-Roadmapandkeyactionshttps://ec.europa.eu/info/files/annex-roadmap-and-key-actions_en

3TheEuropeanCommission,2020,CommunicationonTheEuropeanGreenDealhttps://ec.europa.eu/info/files/communication-european-green-deal_en

4UnitedNations,2015,ParisAgreement

/files/essential_background/convention/application/pdf/english_paris_agreement.pdf

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/taskforces/health-systems-taskforce/

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Glossary

CircularEconomy

Theprincipleofwhichisoftenalsoreferredas

“circularity”inshort.Circulareconomyrefersto

modelsofproductionandconsumptionthatminimizewasteandreducepollution,promotesustainableusesofnaturalresources,andhelpregeneratenature.

TheClimateDictionary6

Eco-designprinciples

Eco-designisawayofcreatingproductsorservicesthathaveminimalenvironmentalimpactthroughouttheirlifecycle.Eco-designconsidersenvironmentalaspectsatallstagesoftheproductdevelopment

process,fromconceptiontorecycling.

EuropeanCommission:Abouttheenergylabelandecodesign7

Safeand

SustainablebyDesign(SSbD)

Thesafeandsustainablebydesignframeworkisa

voluntaryapproachtoguidetheinnovationprocessforchemicalsandmaterials.Itaimstosteertheinnovationtowardsthegreenandsustainableindustrialtransition,whileavoidingorminimizingharmfulimpactsto

humanhealthandtheenvironment.

Safeandsustainablebydesign

(europa.eu)8JRCTechnicalReport(2022)SafeandSustainableby

Design;accessedatEUScienceHubhomepage(europa.eu)9

Sustainability

Meetingtheneedsofthepresentwithout

compromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Termencompassinghumanrights,genderequalityinabalanceofeconomic,socialandenvironmentalconcerns.

UN,DepartmentofEconomicandSocialAffairsSustainableDevelopment10

Product/

Chemical/MaterialEnvironmental

Sustainability

Theabilityofaproduct/chemical/materialtodeliveritsfunctionwithoutexceedingenvironmentaland

ecologicalboundariesalongitsentirelifecycle,whileprovidingwelfare,socio-economicbenefitsand

reducingexternalities

LovsinBarle,E.,WhitfordW.G.(2023),SustainabilityDefinitionsforthePharmaceuticalIndustry,PharmaceuticalEngineering11

Facility/

Operation/ProcessEnvironmental

Sustainability

Designofafacility/operation/processtoconserve

resources,userenewableenergysourcesanddeliveritsfunctionwithoutexceedingenvironmentalandecologicalboundaries

LovsinBarle,E.,WhitfordW.G.(2023),SustainabilityDefinitionsforthePharmaceuticalIndustry,PharmaceuticalEngineering

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/publications/climate-dictionary

7https://commission.europa.eu/energy-climate-change-environment/standards-tools-and-labels/products-labelling-rules-and-requirements/energy-label-and-ecodesign/about_en

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https://research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/research-area/industrial-research-and-innovation/key-enabling-technologies/chemicals-and-advanced-materials/

safe-and-sustainable-design_en

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https://research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/research-area/industrial-research-and-innovation/key-enabling-technologies/chemicals-and-advanced-materials/

safe-and-sustainable-design_en

10

/2030agenda

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/pharmaceutical-engineering/march-april-2023/sustainability-definitions-pharmaceutical-industry

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1.CircularEconomy–Anoverview

TheEUCircularEconomy12isakeypriority

pursuedbytheEuropeanCommissionsince

201513,thatoutlinesthestepsandmeasures

neededtotransformtheEUeconomytowardsahigherdegreeofcircularity,wherewaste

isprevented,andmaterialsmaintainedandrecycledforaslongaspossible.ThispaperprovidestheviewofEFPIAmembersontheCircularEconomyandconfirmsmembers’

supporttotransitiontowardsacirculareconomybasedontheFinalCircularEconomyPackageoftheEuropeanCommission14,TheEuropeanGreenDeal15,theprinciplesoftheEllenMacArthur

Foundation16andinlinewiththeUNSustainableDevelopmentGoals17.

DetailsontheapproachofEFPIAonClimateChange,ChemicalsandPharmaceuticalsintheEnvironment

arediscussedinseparatepaperswhichcanbeaccessedonthewebsiteofEFPIA(Annex1).

Weseecircularityasacomplementaryopportunitytoenergyefficiencyforthepharmaceuticalindustrytoensureaccesstosustainablesuppliesofrawmaterialsandenergyinaresourceconstrainedworld,while

alsoprovidingprotectionagainstpricevolatilityandbuildingamoresustainableandcompetitivebusinessmodel.

ThestartingpointisaresponsibleapproachbasedontheEllenMacArthurFoundationprinciplesto:

?Designoutwasteandpollution(designforcircularity)

?Keepproductsandmaterialsinuse(attheirhighestvalue)

?Regeneratenaturalsystems

Theinnovationtoenablecircularitywilldrivenew

opportunitiesforgrowth,greaterresourcesecurity

andsustainabilityandamorecompetitiveeconomy.However,thiscannotbeachievedbysectorsin

isolationandthereforewillrequirecross-industryandauthorityco-operationandcollaborationgloballytoestablishtheeconomicandlegislativeframeworkandrealisesynergies.

Atruecirculareconomyemploysreuse,refurbishment,remanufacturingandrecyclingtocreateclosed-loop

systemsbyembeddingcircularprinciplesinthedesignphaseandbyminimisingtheuseofresourceinputs

andthecreationofwaste,pollutionandcarbon

emissions.Inthecirculareconomy‘waste’fromoneprocesswouldbetheinputforanother.

12Formoredetails,seethisoverviewofconceptswiththecirculareconomy:

/circular

13TheEuropeanCommission,2015.CommunicationfromTheCommissiontoTheEuropeanParliament,TheCouncil,TheEuropeanEconomicandSocialCommitteeandTheCommitteeoftheRegions,Closingtheloop-AnEUactionplanfortheCircularEconomy.Availableat:https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/

TXT/?uri=CELEX:52015DC0614

14TheEuropeanCommission,2019.FinalCircularEconomyPackage.Availableat:https://ec.europa.eu/environment/circular-economy/

15TheEuropeanCommission,2019.CommunicationontheEuropeanGreenDeal.Availableat:https://ec.europa.eu/info/publications/communication-european-green-deal_en

16TheEllenMacArthurFoundation(launched2010).Availableat:

/our-story/mission

17TheUnitedNations,2015.TheSustainableDevelopmentGoals.Availableat:https://sustainabledevelopment.un

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Theexistinglineareconomicmodelof‘take,make,use,dispose’isneitherinnovative,norsustainable.Currentestimatesarethatweareusingtheworld’sscarceandnon-renewableresourcesasifwehaveseveralplanetsatourdisposal.In2023,sixofthe

nineplanetaryboundariesweretransgressed,whichsuggeststhatEarthisnowwelloutsidethesafe

operatingspaceforhumanity18.

ForEFPIA,circulareconomyisavaluechainmodel

inwhichwemaximisethelifetimeofresources

acrossvaluechainsandreduceunnecessarywaste

andminimiseenvironmentalimpacts.So,moving

towardsacirculareconomyoffersopportunitiesforentirelynewbusinessmodels,whereproductsare

designedtohavealongerormultiplelifecycles.It

alsooffersopportunitieswithinpharmaceuticalvaluechains,examplegivingthroughworkingonsuppliers’partnershipsfocusingoncircularity.

So,itisnotjustaboutrecyclingproductswhentheyhavereachedtheendoftheirlifeorusefulness,itisaboutdesigningforcircularity.Whilstweaimtowardssafeandsustainableclosed-looprecyclingwithin

ourindustry,wherethisisnotyetfeasible,weneed

toensurethesevaluablematerialsarecirculatedas

secondaryrawmaterialsforothersectorswherever

possibleandforaslongaspossible.Thecircular

economyisdrivenbydesignanditsaimistocreate

valuewithinallphasesofaproductlifecycleshowninthediagrambelow:identifyingopportunitiesandguaranteeingcontinuousimprovementineachphase.

Inthehealthcareindustry,thoseopportunities

couldbecenteredaroundeco-designofproducts,

packaging&devices,andendoflife;circulation

ofproductsandmaterialstomaximisethevalue

ofresources;reductiononrelianceonsingleuse

plastics,regenerationofnaturalsystemsbypreservingfinitematerialsandexploringrenewableresources

andassociatedservices;suppliersandcustomerengagementforequipmentreturn.

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Indicativecirculareconomyopportunitiesavailabletothepharmaceuticalindustry

1.RawMaterial

RAWMATERIALS

?Non-HazardousMaterials

DRUGPRODUCT

?Non-HazardousMaterials

DEVICES

?Avoidtheuseofsubstanceswithinthedevicethat

negativelyaffectthere-useandrecyclingofthematerials

?Certified,RenewableorRecycledMaterials

PACKAGING

?Avoidtheuseofsubstanceswithinthepackagingthatnegativelyaffectthere-

useandrecyclingofthematerials

?Certified,RenewableorRecycledMaterials

2.Design

?Biodegradable

?GreenChemistryPrinciples

?Useapprovedschemese.g.,PalmOil

?Biodegradable

?GreenChemistryPrinciples

?Dosageoptimisation

?MaximiseShelfLife

?Reusableorrefillable

?Uselessdifferentmaterials

?Maximiselifeofthedevice

?BuildLCA/DfEintoDesignProcess

?OptimisePackagingSize

?Uselessdifferentmaterials

?Designtominimisesecondary&tertiarypackaging

?Designforrecyclability

3.Production

?Greenenergyatproductionfacilities

?Minimizecarbonfootprintofproduction

?Maximisemassproductionefficiency.

?Secondaryrawmaterials

?Greenenergyatproductionfacilities

?Minimizecarbonfootprintofproduction

?MaximiseAPIvsrawmaterialefficiency.

?MinimiseAPIemissions

?Supplierstomeet

sustainabilitycriteria

?Minimiseenvironmentalfootprintofproduction

?Localsourcingofparts

?Supplierstomeet

sustainabilitycriteria

?Minimizeenvironmentalfootprintofproduction

?Localsourcesofpackagingmaterials

4.Distribution

?ApplyGreenLogistics

?Minimizecarbonfootprintofdistributor(s)

?Manufactureatpointofuse

?ApplyGreenLogistics

?Minimizecarbonfootprintofdistributor(s)

?Manufactureatpointofuse

?ApplyGreenLogistics

?Minimizecarbonfootprintofdistributor(s)

?LocalSourcing

?ApplyGreenLogistics

?Carbonfootprintofdistributor(s)

?Reduceuseofpassive

shipperboxesforcoldchain

5.Consumption,

use,reuse,repair

?Recirculationofsolvents

?Reuseofcatalysts

?Dosage&Packsizeoptimization

?‘Personalised’medicines

?PromotePatient

Compliance(particularlyforChronicconditions)

?Offerrepairoptions

?Minimisewastegeneratedovertreatmentperiod

?Maximiseefficiencyonpackaginglines

?Reusetransportpackaging

6.Collection

?IncinerationofDrugproductwaste

?EducationofPatient

?IncinerationofDrugproductwaste

?TakeBackSchemes

?EducationofPatient

?Segregatewasteatsourcetooptimiserecycling

?TakeBackSchemes

?Segregatewasteatsourcetooptimiserecycling

?ConsiderTakeBackSchemes

7.Recycling

?Solventreuse

?Re-useofwaterforprimaryrinses

?Re-useofbi-productsandwastestreamsforotherpurposes

?Recyclingofmetals(e.g.PGMs)

?Developcertifiedunuseddrugrecyclingprograms

?Clearrecyclabilitysignsonpackaging

?Recycledevicematerials

?Clearrecyclabilitylabellingonpackaging

?Recyclepackagingmaterials

Petri,S.,Porkka,M.,Rahmstorf,S.,Schaphoff,S.,,Thonicke,K.,Tobian,A,Virkki,V.,Wang-Erlandsson,L,Weber,L,Rockstrom,J.,Earthbeyondsixofnineplanetaryboundaries,ScienceAdvances,9(37),doi:10.116/sciadv.adh2458

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2.CircularEconomyisimportantforthepharmaceuticalindustry

Thedrivingmotivationofthepharmaceutical

industryistoimprovehumanhealthandwell-

being19.Environmentalprotectionandhuman

healthareinterlinked.Reducingenvironmentaldegradationandpollutionofair,waterand

soil,reducingtheuseofscarceresources,e.g.

aswaterinwaterscarceareas,andlimiting

climatechangeto1.5oCareallgoalsthatwill

underpinhealthinthe21stCentury20.Continuedadoptionofcirculareconomyprinciplesinto

thepharmaceuticalsectorcanreducematerialsextractionandoperationalwaste,contribute

toareductioningreenhousegasemissionsandtheregenerationofnature21,andsafeguardthefuturesupplyofmedicinesessentialforpatients.

Thepharmaceuticalsectorcanadoptcircularityat

differentlevelsthroughoutthevaluechain,suchasproductdesign,productionprocess,productuse,andend-of-lifemanagement.

AnEFPIASurveyoncirculareconomyin2023

indicatedthat100%oftherespondentsarewillingtocollaboratewithinareassuchasdesignforcircularity,transitionawayfromsingle-usepackagingand

systems,recyclingofdevicesandpackagingincludingcollaborationonreverselogistics.EFPIAmembers

believethattransitioningtoacirculareconomycannotbeachievedbyasinglecompanyalone.Instead,we

canonlydrivenecessarychangesandovercomethebarriersthroughindustrycollaboration.

100%

80%

60%

40%

20%

0%

100%

80%

60%

40%

20%

0%

Q11Designforcircularity

YES

Q15Recyclingofdevicesandpackagingincludingreverselogistics

YES

100%

80%

60%

40%

20%

0%

100%

80%

60%

40%

20%

0%

Q13Transitionawayfromsingle-usepackagingandsystems

YES

Q17USeofrecycledcontentinpharmaceuticalindustry

YES

NO

●

19EFPIA,TheEuropeanFederationofPharmaceuticalIndustriesandAssociations,2018.BuildingahealthierfutureforEurope.Availableat:https://www.efpia.eu/manifesto/

20TheEllenMacArthurFoundation,2019,CompletingthePicture

/assets/downloads/Completing

_The_Picture_How_The_Circular_Economy-_Tackles_Climate_Change_V3_26_September.pdf)

21EuropeanCommission,2020,CommunicationfromtheCommissiontotheEuropeanParliament,theCouncil,theEuropeanEconomicandSocialCommitteeandtheCommitteeoftheregions-AnewCircularEconomyActionPlanForacleanerandmorecompetitiveEurope

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Designofproducts,processesandpackaging

Inthedesignphase,minimisinginputresources,

designingproductsandmanufacturingprocessestomaximisere-useandrecycling,selectingmaterials

withlowerenvironmentalimpact,suchasresponsiblysourcedrenewableorrecycledmaterialstopreservevirginresourcesandmaximisingproductlifetimesisanintegralpartoftheprocess.Forexample,EFPIA

membersalreadyactivelyapplytheprinciplesof

greenchemistrytoselecttheleastenvironmentallydamagingmaterialsandmaximiseprocessefficiency.Eco-designprinciplesarealsofundamentaltodrivethedevelopmentofmoresustainableformulations,devicesandpackaging.

UCB-GreenProductScorecard

TheGreenScorecard22isaholisticeco-design&

continuousimprovementapproachtoscoreUCBproducts’environmentalperformancesbasedonaCradle-to-gravelifecycleanalysis.

Withthisapproach,UCBislookingatallopportunitiesthroughthemedicines’journey,fromearly

developmenttocommercialproduction,thrivingtominimiseitsenvironmentalimpact.

Asof2023,UCBhasdeployedtheGreenScorecardonmedicinescoveringmorethan95%ofnetsales.Eachmedicinehasitscustomizedenvironmental

targettoreachinthenext3to4years.

AfewconcreteexamplesofinitiativesondifferentsegmentsofUCBmedicines’lifecycleinclude:

AnActivePharmaceuticalIngredientunder

developmentdemonstratedadecreaseoftheclimatechangeimpactofitsmanufacturingprocessby45%comparedtotheinitialrouteofsynthesis(kgCO2eperkgAPI–usingProcessMassIntensitymetric).Thiswasachievedthroughreusingandin-houserecyclingof

solventswaste.

?UCBnewbiologicsplantinBelgiumwill

consume22%lesswaterandemit21%lessCO2ecomparedtoanaveragebiologicsplant,ona

campususing100%electricityfromrenewable

sources(mixofproducedandpurchased)and

aimingtosubstitute100%naturalgasforbiomassfromwasteonlyby2030.Todate,100%ofour

contractmanufacturingorganizationfordeviceshaveScienceBasedTargets.

?UCBlaboratoriesareundergoingMyGreen

Lab?certification,withtheintentofcoveringallUCBlaboratories.

?UCBisincreasinglymovingitsdistribution

fromAirtoOceanandislookingattransportingbiologicactivesubstanceswithwidertemperatureexcursiontoreducetheweightoftheshipments.

?ThelatestupgradedpackagingforCimzia?USreduceditssizeby13%andweightby15%andimproveditsrecyclabilitybycuttingplasticcontentby85%-recognizedthroughaneco-design

PHARMAPACKAward.

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/our-company/health-of-the-planet/co2e

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Merck-commitmenttosmallerfootprintswithSlimPack-Aexampleofinnovationdrivenbycontinuousimprovement

SlimPackasaconvincingproofpointofour

commitmenttominimisingtheecologicalfootprintofouroperations.Launchedin2021,requiresfewer

rawmaterials,reducestransportvolumesandismoreconvenientforcustomersandpatientsasitrequireslessstoragespace.

Bornthroughacross-functionalcollaboration

betweenGlobalHealthcareOperations,theGlobal

FertilityFranchiseandotherfunctions,SlimPackisanewinnovativepackageformatforFertilitypensusedinseveralMerckhealthcareproducts.

SlimPackisacompellingexampleofhowcontinuousimprovementcandriveinnovationandresultnotonlyinmoreefficiencybutalsoinenhancedsustainability.

SlimPackwasdesignedtoreducethepackagingboxfrom96x45x215.5mmto77.5x42x157mm.So,SlimPackis40%smallerthanitspredecessoranditis100%freeofplasticcomponents.Plastictraysholdingthepenswerereplacedbyapapercartonalternative.

BioLifePlasmaServices,partofTakeda

Plasmadonationreliesontheuseofsingle-use

plasticstoensureasterilecollectionprocess.Tokeeptheseplasticsoutoflandfills,BioLifehasimplementedpilotprogramstocollectandremediate(i.e.treatmentofmedicalwastetorenderitnon-hazardousprior

torecyclingitintonewproducts)medicalwastein

ordertocreatenew,usefulplasticsandproductsfromwhatpreviouslywouldhavebeenawastestream.Byremediatingthiswaste,BioLifenotonlykeepstheseplasticsoutoflandfillsbutcanalsohelpreducethe

amountofresourcesextractedtomakenewplastics.

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Productionprocess

Optimizingresourceefficiencyandwaste

managementcanbeachievedthroughtheuse

ofrenewableorrecycledenergyandwaterand

implementingindustrialsymbiosisorturningwaste

intosecondaryrawmaterialsforotherindustriesisanoptionforthepharmaceuticalindustrytominimize

theenvironmentalimpactofitsactivitiesacrossthe

entirevaluechainwhilealsoreducingcostsinthe

longrun.Thisapproachisalreadywidelyadopted

acrosstheindustry,especiallyforsolvents,water

andpackagingmaterials.However,duetothehigh

qualityandpurityrequirementsformedicines23,useofsecondaryrawmaterialspresentsmoreofachallenge.

Developmentofamarketforsecondaryrawmaterialsensuringmaterialsofadequateandconsistentqualityandavailabilityisakeyareaforfutureindustry

collaborations.InvestmentinrecyclinginfrastructurebyEUmemberstatesandengagementwiththeEMAisnecessarytofacilitatethis.

Movingtoamoresustainablewastemanagement

alsoleadstoareductionofcarbondioxideemissionsandnegativeexternalities,byfocusingforemostonpreventingandreducingwaste;promotingrecyclingofmaterials,andatlastminimisingwasteonlandfillsandendinginincinerationwithoutenergyrecovery.

SANOFI-Recyclingegg-waste

Toproducefluvaccines,themostcommonmethodisusinganegg-basedmanufacturingprocess.InValdeReuilproductionsite(France),werecycleeggwasteascompostforagriculture,generatingelectricandthermalenergy:Theeggwasteisfirststerilizedthenpassed

throughmethanisationprocess,theresiduesarethenconvertedtocompost,usedasanorganicamendmentinagriculturebenefitting

to20farmsinspring&summer.Asimilarapproachhasbeen

implementedatourSwiftwatersite(US)whereourwastevendorsareusingcompostingtechnologiestocircumventlandfilling.

TheEFPIASurveyin2023

ASupplychain BOperationsCTransportation DPatientsEProductdisposal

indicatedthatnearlyhalfofthecompaniesrankedtheirownoperationasthepriorityintermsoftransitioning

tocirculareconomy,but

supplychainandend-

productdisposalwereequallyimportantasthesecond

highestrankedaspects.

Mostrelevantaspectsofthecirculareconomyforsurveyedcompanies

012345

23TheEuropeanMedicinesAgency,Qualityguidelines.Availableat:https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/research-development/scientific-guidelines/quality-guidelines%20s

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NovoNordisk-Recyclingethanolon-site

AtNovoNordisk‘stwolargestactivepharmaceuticalingredient(API)productionfacilitiesethanolisbeing

recycledon-sitetoreducetheuseofresourceand

ultimatelyreducetheenvironmentalimpactoftheAPIproduction.

EthanolisanindispensablesolventintheproductionofAPIatNovoNordisk.UsedethanolfromtheAPI

productionisbeingregeneratedindistillationcolumnsattheproductionsitesandreturnedtotheAPI

processesafteraqualitycontrol.

Byrecyclingethanolattheproductionsite,the

amountofnewethanolneededfortheAPI

productionisreducedbyalmost90%(ca.89%in

2022),whichalsoreducestheenvironmentalimpactofusingthissolvent.Recyclingethanolleadstoan

annualreductionofapproximately175.000tonsCO2-eqfromtheproductionofAPI.

Inaddition,theethanolwastewhichisasmallamountofleftoverandthebleed-offfromtheregenerationprocessisforthemostpartsenttoKalundborgBioenergyforuseinthegasificationprocess.

AstraZeneca-CircularityinFacilityWaterSystems

AstraZenecarecognisesthatadoptingcircularbusinessapproachesandimplementingefficientprocesses

todevelopandproducetheirmedicinesiskeyto

reducingnaturalresourcesusedintheirvaluechains.

AstraZenecahasidentifiedmultipleopportunitiestomaximisetheresourcesneededwithinlargefacilitiesbyapplyingthecirculareconomyprinciples,includingreuseoftreatedorrejectedpurifiedwaterforuse

elsewhere,suchaswithincoolingtowersortoilets.InamajorOperationsfacilityinSweden,thecondensateandrejectedpurifiedwaterisrecycledtoproduce

steam,minimisingrelianceonthemunicipalsupply.Inaddition,theheatgeneratedfromtheonsite

wastewatertreatmentprocessesisrecoveredusingheatpumpsforuseelsewhereatthesite24.

24

/content/dam/az/Sustainability/2023/pdf/Sustainability_Report_2022.pdf

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Bayer-CircularityatBayer’scontrastagentmanufacturing

Circularityoffersgreatpotentialforreducingwastesinactivepharmaceuticalingredientsmanufacturing,wherecomplexsynthesesandhighestquality

requirementsyieldlargewastestreamsinrelationtoproductvolume.

IodineisacentralelementinBayer’scontrastagent

inahigh-volumeproduct.Aresponsibleuseofthe

resourceIodinehasbeeninfocusattheSupplyCenterBergkameninGermanysincethe1990s,whenan

Iodinerecoveryplanthasbeenestablished.Since

then,theIodinerecoverywascontinuouslyextended,fromdirectIodinerecyclingwithintheproductiontorecoveryfromIodineresiduesinproductionwastes.TherecoveredIodinefromwastescannotbereusedinthecontrastagentproductionduetoregulationsforpharmaceuticalmanufacturing.Therefore,thesetechnical-gradeIodinerecoveriesarepassedonfor

external,non-pharmaceuticaluse.

Thus,morethan300tonsofIodineperyearcan

berecoveredfromproductionstreamsandwastes

andintroducedtocircularvaluestreams.Inaddition

toIodinerecyclingfromproductionwastes,the

recontrastprogramofferscustomerssuchasradiologycentersareturnschemeforunusedcontrastagent

residues,closingcyclesuptotheendconsumer.

Technical-gradeIodinefornon-pharmaceuticaluseisthenrecoveredfromthereturnedresiduesinthesamefacilitieswheretherecoveryfromproductionwastesisperfor