高中英語譯林版選修一：Unit 3 Period 3　Grammar and usage-Verb-ing and verb-ed forms as predicatives

Period3Grammarandusage—Verb-ingandverb-edformsaspredicatives認真閱讀下列句子，感悟加黑部分在句中所作的成分并完成方框下面的小題。1．IcouldseefromMonet’sworksthathewasgreatlyinspiredbynature.2．ItisamazingthateverytimeMonetstudiedthissimplescene，hebroughtthepond’sbeautytothecanvasinauniqueway.3．...Iwasamazedtoseeallthepaintings.4．Itwassurprisingthentoseesomanypeopleviewingimportantandpreciousartworksthroughtheirsmartphones.5．Itmightsoundshocking，buttheyseemedmoreinterestedintakingphotosandrecordingvideosofartworksthanappreciatingthemwiththeirowneyes.6．MovingslowlythroughtheNationalGallery，Iwasdeterminedtokeepmysmartphoneinmybag...1．句2中的amazing、句4中的surprising、句5中的shocking都是動詞-ing形式作表語；動詞-ing形式多含有“令人(使人)……”之意，說明主語的性質(zhì)特征，多表示主動，主語多為物。2．句1中的inspired、句3中的amazed、句5中的interested和句6中的determined都是動詞-ed形式作表語；動詞-ed形式一般表示被動或主語所處的狀態(tài)，含有“感到……”之意，主語多是人。一、動詞-ing形式作表語1．動詞-ing形式作表語有時相當(dāng)于形容詞，用于說明主語的特征或性質(zhì)，意為“令人……的”，常修飾物。常見的有：moving，interesting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing，disappointing等。Thedevelopmentofouraviationindustryisquiteencouraging.我們的航空工業(yè)的發(fā)展是非常令人鼓舞的。Theresultwasnotthesameastheyhadexpected，whichwasratherdisappointing.結(jié)果與他們預(yù)料的不一樣，這相當(dāng)令人失望。2．動詞-ing形式作表語有時用于說明主語的內(nèi)容，這時動詞-ing形式可以帶有邏輯主語或賓語，并且主語和表語兩者可互換。Herjobiskeepingthelecturehallascleanaspossible.＝Keepingthelecturehallascleanaspossibleisherjob.她的工作是盡可能使報告廳保持干凈。Mywishiseverybody’shavingfunattheparty.我的愿望是每個人都能在派對上玩得開心。3．動詞-ing形式作表語與進行時態(tài)的區(qū)別Hisjobiscleaningtheclassroom.(動詞-ing形式作表語)他的工作就是打掃教室。Heiscleaningtheclassroomnow.(謂語，現(xiàn)在進行時)他現(xiàn)在正在打掃教室。二、動詞-ed形式作表語1．動詞-ed形式作表語，多表示主語所處的狀態(tài)或所具備的特征，常用的系動詞有be，remain，feel，seem，look，become等。Helookedworriedafterreadingtheletter.看完信后，他顯得很憂慮。BothheandIaresatisfiedwiththeresult.我和他對結(jié)果都很滿意。2．動詞-ed形式作表語與被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別動詞-ed形式作表語時，強調(diào)主語所處的狀態(tài)，而動詞的被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者，強調(diào)動作。Thecupisbroken.(系表結(jié)構(gòu))杯子破了。ThecupwasbrokenbyTom.(被動語態(tài))杯子是被湯姆打破的。三、動詞-ing形式與動詞-ed形式作表語的區(qū)別動詞-ing形式表示事物自身具有的特性，常譯作“令人……的”動詞-ed形式表示人自身的感受或事物自身的狀態(tài)，常譯作“感到……的”這類詞常見的有：interesting令人感興趣的—interested感到有趣的exciting令人激動的—excited感到激動的disappointing令人失望的—disappointed感到失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的—encouraged感到鼓舞的confusing令人費解的—confused感到費解的pleasing令人愉快的—pleased感到愉快的puzzling令人迷惑的—puzzled感到迷惑的satisfying令人滿意的—satisfied感到滿意的moving令人感動的—moved感到感動的注意：某些動詞的過去分詞可用來修飾名詞look，expression，face等。如：asurprisedlook一個驚訝的表情；atiredface一張疲倦的臉；adiscouragedexpression一個沮喪的表情。閱讀下面短文，用括號中所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空OnSaturday，Itookmychildrentothecircus.IthoughtIwouldhavea1.boring(bore)time，butactuallyIwasquite2.astonished(astonish)bythe3.amazing(amaze)acts.Wewere4.shocked(shock)bytheacrobats(雜技演員)．Theybalancedontopofeachotherwithunbelievableease.Wewerereally5.impressed(impress)bytheirperformances.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Eventhoughtheprojectwasoverbudget，theprojectmanageralwaysseemedrelaxed(relax)．2．Everyonewasveryconcerned(concern)whetherhewouldpullthroughornot.3．Havingnevermetwithsuchapuzzlingproblem，hefeltpuzzledanddidn’tknowhowtosolveit.(puzzle)4．Thetestischallenging(challenge)butI’mprettysureIwillpassit.5．Hegotveryexcited(excite)whenheheardthenewsthatnoonewashurtintheaccident.6．Whathehasdoneisreallydisappointing.Nowhisparentsaredisappointedinhim.(disappoint)7．Asisknowntousall，travelingisinteresting(interest)，butweoftenfeeltired(tire)whenwearebackfromtravels.8．Thismaysoundappealing(appeal)enoughbuthereIhavetoissueawarning.9．Poemswhichhadseemeddullandboring(bore)suddenlycametolife.10．Yourtaskiscleaning(clean)thewindowsandthefloor.Ⅱ.單句寫作1．如果你對它感興趣，請告知我，我會給你發(fā)送更多信息。Ifyouareinterestedinit，pleaseletmeknowandI’llsendyoumoreinformation.2．我們對他昨天在會議上說的話感到很驚訝。Weweresurprisedatwhathehadsaidatthemeetingyesterday.3．我知道他再次見到你將會很高興。Iknowhewillbedelightedtoseeyouagain.4．他的缺點之一就是說謊，這經(jīng)常給他帶來麻煩。Oneofhisweaknessesistellinglies，whichoftenbringstroubletohim.5．這個結(jié)果非常令人失望，我們不知道該說什么。Thisresultisverydisappointingandwedon’tknowwhattosay.Ⅲ.閱讀理解JamieWardleyisaspecialkindofartist—anicesculptor.Hefirsttrainedasasandsculptor.Later，helearnedabouticesculpture.Nowhedoessandsculptureinsummer.Andinwinter，hesculptsice.Whensculptingice，Wardleyhastoworkincoldtemperatures.Iftheweatheriscoldenough，hecanworkoutside.ButwinterintheUnitedKingdomisnotalwaysverycold.Sooftenheworksinalargefreezerwherethetemperatureisabout－12℃.Wardleyenjoyssculptingiceoutsideinwinter.Whenhesculptsintheopenair，peoplecanwatch.Theycanbepartofthecreativeprocess.Wardleymakesicesculptingsoundsimple.ButthetoolsWardleyusesaresharpanddangerous.Andtheiceisveryheavy.Eachblockoficeweighs120kilos.Andsomelargersculpturesaremadeofseveralcombinedblocksofice.Sometimesicesculpturescanbeasbigasbuildings.InKemi，F(xiàn)inlandthereisanicehotelcalledtheSnowCastle.Eachyear，WardleyhelpsbuildtheSnowCastle.InsidetheSnowCastle，thetemperatureis－50℃.Eventhediningtablesaremadeofice.Soyouhavetowearwinterclotheswheneatingandwearahatwhensleeping.“TheicehotelisbuilteveryyearinJanuary.ThenitmeltsinApril.Eachyearwerebuilditandcreateanewdesign，”Wardleysaid.TheSnowCastleisalargeandamazingworkofice，butWardley’ssmallericesculpturesarespecialtoo.Onewinter，inthecityofBradford，theUK，Wardleycreatedseveralsmallsculptures.Heusedthesculpturestotellastorywhichcontainedanimportantmessageaboutgoodwillandunderstanding.Icesculpturesaretemporaryworksofart.Whenthetemperaturerises，theywillmelt.Butthatdoesnotmeanthattheirbeautyislost.ThesculpturesfromthatdayinBradfordhavenowmeltedaway，buttheirmessageofgoodwill，understandingandacceptanceremains.eq\x(語篇解讀這是一篇記敘文。本文主要介紹了英國冰雕藝術(shù)家杰米·沃德利。)1．Accordingtothetext，Wardley.A．lovessandsculpturemorethanicesculptureB．sculptsiceinalargefreezerinsummerC．workedasanicesculptorinthebeginningD．enjoyscarvingiceoutdoorsinwinter答案D解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Wardleyenjoyssculptingiceoutsideinwinter.”可知D項正確。2．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeWardley’ssculpting?A．Easyandamazing.B．Specialbutdifficult.C．Boringanddangerous.D．Simplebuttemporary.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段所描述的冰雕過程和倒數(shù)第二段第一句可知，B項“特別但是艱難”是沃德利的冰雕的特點。3．WhatdoweknowabouttheSnowCastle?A．ItliesinthecityofBradford，theUK.B．Itistoocoldforpeopletolivein.C．Itrequirestobebuilteveryyear.D．ItisbuiltbetweenJanuaryandApril.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句中的“Eachyearwerebuildit”可知選C項。4．Whatdoestheauthorthinkoficesculptures?A．Theynevermeltinpeople’shearts.B．Ittakestimetounderstandthem.C．Theirbeautydoesn’tlastforever.D．TheyaddmorebeautytoBradford.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句可知，作者認為冰雕作品雖然會融化，但它們所傳達的寓意將永存在人們心里。故選A項。Ⅳ.完形填空Adventureisinmyblood.AndIhadbeenconsideringhowIwasgoingtocelebratemyhighschoolgraduation.Ididn’tjustwantasmall1inthebackyard.Istartedthinkingaboutdoingasolo(獨自的)2somewhereoutoftheordinary.Itookoutthemapanddrewa1,500-mile3alongwhichIwouldbe4fromthenorthernmostpointinNorwaytothesouthernmostsectionofSweden.WhenI5myplanwithmydad，he6asIthoughthewould.BecauseIgetmyadventurous7fromhim，hewasallforit.Ihadonlybeenawayfrommyhomeforthreedays，buttherewasaninner8goingon.PartofmewashomesickanddoubtingwhetherIreallycould9it.Theotherpartofmewasreadyto10tomyselfandmyfamilythatIcoulddoitbymyself.Ontheroad，ImetanotherbicyclistwhowasquiteabitolderthanIwas.HestartedhisjourneyalonebybikeatthesouthernpartofNorwayandjustfinished.Icouldtellhehadagreatsenseof11.Itencouragedmenotto12.AsIlistenedtomyfavouriteartistsonmyMP4player，Ipedaledwithmyfeet.Therewasnobodyaroundmeformiles.13，thatwasn’tentirelytrue.Thereweremosquitoes—millionsofthem.Myarmsweresodottedwith14thattheylookedlikeatopographical(地形的)map.Buthowever15itwouldbe，nothingcouldstopmyadvanceonthedestination.Asyouknow，adventureisinmyblood.語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。作者為了慶祝高中畢業(yè)，決定一個人騎自行車旅行。途中作者遇到的另一個騎自行車的人給了他鼓勵。這讓他明白不管有多難，都要朝著目的地前進。1．A.meeting B．partyC．conversation D．game答案B解析因為是慶祝高中畢業(yè)，所以作者不想僅僅在后院舉行一個聚會，故選B。2．A.trip B．flightC．interview D．performance答案A解析從下文中的“Itookoutthemapanddrewa1,500-milealongwhichIwouldbefromthenorthernmostpointinNorwaytothesouthernmostsectionofSweden.”可知，作者打算獨自去旅行，故選A。3．A.route B．magazineC．instruction D．newspaper答案A解析從空前的“tookoutthemap”可知，作者拿出地圖在上面畫了一條路線，故選A。4．A.flying B．cyclingC．running D．walking答案B解析由下文中的“Ipedaledwithmyfeet”可知，作者是騎自行車去旅行的，故選B。5．A.shared B．changedC．prepared D．compared答案A解析根據(jù)常識可知，作者和爸爸分享了自己的計劃，故選A。6．A.left B．criedC．sighed D．a(chǎn)greed答案D解析從下文中的“BecauseIgetmyadventurousfromhim，hewasallforit.”可知，爸爸贊同作者的計劃，故選D。7．A.story B．skillC．spirit D．hobby答案C解析由文章開頭的“Adventureisinmyblood.”可知，作者繼承了爸爸的冒險精神，故選C。8．A.discussion B．a(chǎn)ctivityC．request D．battle答案D解析從下文中的“Partofmewashomesickanddoubting...”和“Theotherpartofmewasreadytotomyself...”可知，作者的內(nèi)心在作斗爭，故選D。9．A.get B．putC．make D．take答案C解析作者一方面懷疑自己是否能夠成功(makeit)，故選C。10．A.adopt B．a(chǎn)daptC．prove D．reply答案C解析作者另一方面又想向自己和家人證明自己能獨自旅行，故選C。11．A.satisfaction B．directionC．balance D．humor答案A解析從上文中的“justfinished”可知，另外一個騎自行車的人已經(jīng)完成了自己的旅行，因此作者可以感覺到他有一種滿足感，故選A。12．A.speedup B．giveupC．calmdown D．breakdown答案B解析另外一個騎自行車的人的成功鼓勵了作者不要放棄，故選B。13．A.Firstly B．ActuallyC．Eventually D．Fortunately答案B解析由空前的“Therewasnobodyaroundmeformiles.”和空后的“thatwasn’tentirelytrue.Thereweremosquitoes—millionsofthem”可知，實際上，這并不是真的，故選B。14．A.cuts B．bitesC．burns D．wounds答案B解析從上文中的“Thereweremosquitoes—millionsofthem.”可知，作者的胳膊上都是蚊子咬的傷口，故選B。15．A.boring B．confusingC．a(chǎn)ppealing D．challenging答案D解析從空后的“nothingcouldstopmyadvanceonthedestination”可知，不管有多難，沒有什么能阻止作者朝目的地前進，故選D。Ⅴ.語法填空All-outsearchandrescueefforts1.(be)underwayonMonday,21st，Mar.,2022，afteraChinaEasternAirlinesaircraft2.(carry)132peoplecrashedinSouthChina’sGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegionintheafternoon—endingChina’s12-yearairsafetyrecord.FlightMU5735leftKunmingat1pmandwasscheduledtoarrive3.Guangzhouat3pm.AirtrafficcontrollerslosttrackoftheplaneoverWuzhou，Guangxi.Inaninstructionissued(發(fā)布)shortlyafterthecrash，PresidentXiJinpingsaidhewas4._________(shock)tolearnabouttheaccidentandaskedfortheimmediatelaunchofanemergencyresponse.PremierLiKeqiangalsomade5.instructiononMonday，urgingthatutmost(最大限度的)efforts6.(make)tosearchforsurvivorsandtreattheinjured.Healsostressedthatrelateddepartmentsshouldsparenoeffort7.(comfort)thevictims’familiesandprovidethemwithnecessaryhelp.Liaskedauthoritiestoreleaserelevantinformationina8.(time)，accurateandevidence-basedmanner，findthecauseoftheaccidentandtake9.(measure)tostrengthencivilaviationsafetymanagement.Morethan640fire