高中英語外研版必修第一冊(cè)Unit 5　Period 2　Understanding ideas-Reading comprehension

ASTUDENTOFAFRICANWILDLIFEItis5∶45amandthesunisjustrisingoverGombeNationalParkinEastAfrica.FollowingJane’swayofstudyingchimps?，ourgroupareallgoingtovisitthemintheforest.Janehasstudiedthesefamiliesofchimpsformanyyearsandhelpedpeopleunderstandhowmuchtheybehavelikehumans.Watchingafamilyofchimpswakeupisourfirstactivityoftheday.Thismeansgoingbacktotheplacewhereweleftthefamilysleepinginatreethenightbefore.Everybodysitsandwaitsintheshadeofthetreeswhilethefamilybeginstowakeupandmoveoff.Thenwefollowastheywanderintotheforest.Mostofthetime,chimpseitherfeedorcleaneachotherasawayofshowingloveintheirfamily.Janewarnsusthatourgroupisgoingtobeverytiredanddirtybytheafternoonandsheisright.However,theeveningmakesitallworthwhile?.Wewatchthemotherchimpandherbabiesplayinthetree.Thenweseethemgotosleeptogetherintheirnest?forthenight.Werealizethatthebondbetweenmembersofachimpfamilyisasstrongasinahumanfamily.NobodybeforeJanefullyunderstoodchimpbehaviour.Shespentyearsobservingandrecordingtheirdailyactivities.Sinceherchildhoodshehadwantedtoworkwithanimalsintheirownenvironment.However,thiswasnoteasy.WhenshefirstarrivedinGombein1960,itwasunusualforawomantoliveintheforest.Onlyafterhermothercametohelpherforthefirstfewmonthswassheallowedtobeginherproject.Herworkchangedthewaypeoplethinkaboutchimps.Forexample,oneimportantthingshediscoveredwasthatchimpshuntandeatmeat.Untiltheneveryonehadthoughtchimpsateonlyfruitandnuts.Sheactuallyobservedchimpsasagrouphuntingamonkeyandtheneatingit.Shealsodiscoveredhowchimpscommunicatewitheachother,andherstudyoftheirbodylanguagehelpedherworkouttheirsocialsystem.ForfortyyearsJaneGoodallhasbeenoutspoken?aboutmakingtherestoftheworldunderstandandrespectthelifeoftheseanimals.Shehasarguedthatwildanimalsshouldbeleftinthewildandnotusedforentertainment?oradvertisements.Shehashelpedtosetupspecialplaceswheretheycanlivesafely.(節(jié)選自老教材人教版必修4Unit1)詞匯積累1．chimp/t??mp/n．(非洲)黑猩猩2．worthwhile/w??θ'wa?l/adj.值得的；值得做的3．nest/nest/n．巢；窩4．outspoken/a?t'sp??k?n/adj.直言的；坦誠的5．entertainment/?ent?'te?nm?nt/n．娛樂；款待Period2Understandingideas—ReadingcomprehensionⅠ.匹配單詞1．a(chǎn)nnual A．a(chǎn)methodforsolvingaproblem2．seek B．happeningordoneonceeveryyear3．position C．drop，fallviolentlyorsharply4．determine D．location，theplaceofsomething5．solution E．totrytoobtainorachievesth6．crash F．tomakeupone’smindafterexperimentorstudy答案1.B2.E3.D4.F5.A6.CⅡ.選詞填空eq\x(managetodo，thesolutionto，cutdown，feedon)1．Tomysurprise，thiskindofcreaturefeedsonsomeplants.2．Hispartnerhadfoundthesolutiontotheproblemsotheysettledtheproblemandmadeafortune.3．Peoplecutdowntreestomakepaper，whichdestroysthehomesofsomeanimals.4．Hefinallymanagedtocompletethehardworkthankstohisstrongwillandpassion.Step1速讀——整體理解文意Ⅰ.明文章大意What’sthemainideaofthetext?A．Themonarch’smigration.B．Thereasonsforthemonarch’smigration.C．Mexico’smonarch.D．Howtoprotectthemonarch.答案AⅡ.悉層次結(jié)構(gòu)Readthetextquicklyandmatchthemainideawitheachparagraph.Para.1A．Reasonsforthemonarch’strouble.Para.2B．Waysthatthemonarchmigrates.Para.3C．Measurestoprotectthemonarch.Para.4D．Definitionofanimalmigration.Para.5E．Detailsaboutthemonarch’smigration.答案Para.1DPara.2EPara.3BPara.4APara.5CStep2細(xì)讀——逐段獲取細(xì)節(jié)Ⅰ.Readpara.1carefullyanddothefollowingexercises.1．Whatismigration?Animals’annualmovementfromoneplacetoanotheratcertaintimesoftheyeariscalledmigration.2．Whydoanimalsmigrate?答案Theymigratetofindfood，seekapartner/mate(配偶)，orinsearchofwarmerweather.3．Whatdoestheword“that”inthelastsentencereferto?答案Itreferstothemigration.4．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthemonarch’smigration?答案Amongthemostwonderfulmigrations.Ⅱ.Readpara.2carefullyanddothefollowingexercises.1．Whatdomonarchbutterflieslooklike?答案Theyarebeautifulinsectswithfineblackandorangewings.2．Duringthemigration，wheredotheystartandgo?答案TheytravelfromnorthAmericatoCaliforniaorMexico.3．Whatmadeusconfused(困惑)?答案Untilrecentlynooneknewhowthemonarchbutterfliesmanagedtotravelaround4,000kilometressouthandfindtheirwaytoCaliforniaorMexico.Ⅲ.Readpara.3carefullyanddothefollowingexercise.Howcantheyfindtheirwaytotheirdestinations？Completethe“cause-effect”flowchartofthemonarch’smigrationjourney.答案①thetimeofday②thepositionofthesunwiththeireyes③thewaytogo④theplaceswheretheywillspendthewinterⅣ.Readpara.4carefullyanddothefollowingexercise.Completethesentenceswithexpressionsfromthisparagraphandthenfinishthe“cause-effect”flowchartofthemonarchpopulationcrash.a．Humanstrees.b．Thewheremonarchscanbefoundisdestroyed.c．Humansusechemicalsthatthatmonarchcaterpillarseat.d．Themonarchbutterfly’spopulationinthelastfewyears.答案cutdown；naturalenvironmentofmanyplaces；killtheplants；hascrashed(byasmuchas90percent)Ⅴ.Readpara.5carefullyanddothefollowingexercise.Howdoestheauthormainlydevelopparagraphs3－5?A．Bytimeorder.B．Byspaceorder.C．Byexamples.D．Bycauseandeffect.答案DⅥ.Readthewholepassageagainanddothefollowingexercises.1．Whereareyoumostlikelytofindthispassage?A．Inascientificresearchpaperaboutthemonarchbutterfly’smigration.B．Inapopularnaturemagazineintroducingthemonarchbutterfly.C．InatravelleafletencouragingpeopletovisitNorthAmerica.D．Inanovelwhichdescribesone’sloveforthemonarchbutterfly.答案B2．What’sthetypeofthepassage?A．Narration. B．Argumentation.C．Exposition. D．Anewsreport.答案CStep3讀后——討論深度理解1．Howdoyouunderstandtheword“journey”inthetitle？(Criticalthinking)答案(1)Itisthemonarch’sjourneytothedestination.(2)Itisalsoscientists’journeytodiscoveringandsolvingthemystery.(3)Itishumans’journeytoprotectingthemonarch.2．Whatcanpeopledotohelpprotectthemonarchbutterfly？(Creativethinking)答案(1)Raiseawarenessofthiscreature.(2)Worktogethertorecorditsmigration.(3)Plantnativemilkweedspeciesforittofeedon.(4)Donotusechemicalsthatkilltheplantsthatmonarchcaterpillarseat.(5)Protectthenaturalenvironmentanditsecosystem.(6)Keepinharmonywithnature.Step4總結(jié)——課文語法填空Manyanimalsmovefromoneplacetoanotheratcertaintimesoftheyear.Theymigrate1.tofind(find)food，seekapartner，orinsearchofwarmerweather.Oneofthemostwonderfulmigrationsinnatureis2.thatoftheNorthAmericanmonarchbutterfly.Everyautumn，3.millions(million)ofthesebeautifulinsectswithfineblackandorangewingsbeginalonganddifficultjourney.However，until4.recently(recent)nooneknewhowtheydidthis.Ateamofscientists5.led(lead)byProfessorEliShlizermanattheUniversityofWashingtonhasfoundthatthemonarchisabletotellthetimeofdayandtomeasurethepositionofthesunby6.using(use)itseyes，sothatthemonarchmanagestoreachtheplaces7.whereitwillspendthewinter.Thesolutiontothemysteryofthemonarch’s8.amazing(amaze)abilitycomesatatimewhenitisinserioustrouble.Itspopulation9.hascrashed(crash)byasmuchas90percentinthelastfewyearsbecauseofhumanactivity.Theresearchonthemonarch’sbehaviourhashoweverledto10.agreaterawarenessofthiscreature.Peoplehavebeenworkingtogethertorecorditsmigrationandmakesurethatthereareenoughplantsforittofeedon.Step5解讀——長句難句分析1．Thesetwopiecesofinformation—thetimeofdayandthepointwherethesunisinthesky—allowthebutterflytodeterminethewaytogo.[句式分析]此句是主從復(fù)合句，主語是Thesetwopiecesofinformation，謂語是allow，賓語是thebutterfly，賓補(bǔ)是todeterminethewaytogo，thetimeofdayandthepointwherethesunisinthesky是同位語，where引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾thepoint。[自主翻譯]這兩條信息——一天中的時(shí)刻和太陽在天空中的位置——讓黑脈金斑蝶能夠判定前進(jìn)方向。2．Theycutdowntreesandusechemicalsthatkilltheplantsthatmonarchcaterpillarseat.[句式分析]此句是主從復(fù)合句，該句有兩個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的定語從句；第一個(gè)that相當(dāng)于which，在定語從句中作主語；第二個(gè)that相當(dāng)于which，還可以省去，在從句中作賓語。[自主翻譯]他們砍伐樹木，他們所用的化學(xué)制劑殺死了黑脈金斑蝶幼蟲食用的植物。3．Peoplehavebeenworkingtogethertorecorditsmigrationandmakesurethatthereareenoughplantsforittofeedon.[句式分析]此句是主從復(fù)合句，主句用了現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。[自主翻譯]人們已經(jīng)在共同努力，記錄它的遷徙，并確保它有足夠的食物。4．Themoreweknowaboutthislovelycreature，thegreaterthechanceitwillsurviveandkeepitsplaceinthenaturalworldforalongtimetocome.[句式分析]該句式結(jié)構(gòu)為“the＋比較級(jí)．..，the＋比較級(jí)．..”意為“越……就越……”；前面為從句部分，后面為主句部分；該句主句部分為省略句，itwillsurviveandkeepitsplaceinthenaturalworldforalongtimetocome作主語thechance的同位語。[自主翻譯]我們對(duì)這個(gè)可愛的生物了解越多，它們?cè)谧匀唤缰械靡蚤L久生存并保持其地位的可能性就越大。Ⅰ.閱讀理解ACOOLCOLDSPORTSTheWinterOlympicGamesarenotjustachanceforathletestowinmedalsandhonourfortheircountries.Everyfouryears，theGamesalsohelpaudiencetogettoknowmoreaboutwintersportsfromaroundtheworld.TheWinterOlympicsmaynothavethelargecrowdsandhugestarsofitsSummerGames，buttheysharethesameOlympicspirit.SkiingOneofthemostpopularsportsoftheWinterOlympicGamesisskiing.Skierscompeteinthedownhillandslalom(回轉(zhuǎn)賽)，andintheshortandlongcross-countryskiraces.Skiingwasoriginally(最初)asportplayedonlyincoldnortherncountries，butnowathletesfromallovertheworldcompeteinthissport，eventhosefromcountrieswithoutanysnow!SkatingSkaterscompetewitheachotherinspeedracesorinfigure-skating(花樣滑冰)events.Thefigure-skatersaregenerallyconsideredtobethestarsoftheWinterOlympicGames.Theseiceprincesandprincessesaresogracefulthatit’seasytoforgetthattheyareactuallyhighlyskilledathletes.Skeleton(俯式冰橇)TheskeletonisoneofthestrangestnamedsportsoftheOlympics.Theskeletonisnamedaftertheshapeofthemetalsleds(雪橇)usedinthe1890s，whenthesportfirststarted.Theskeletonisadownhillsledrace，usuallyonice.Intheskeleton，apersonliesonhisorherstomachonthesled，withhisorherheadpointingdownhill!語篇解讀本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了三種冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目，分別是滑雪、溜冰以及俯式冰橇。1．WhydoesthewritermentiontheSummerGames?A．Tomakeacomparisononsize.B．TosharetherealOlympicspirit.C．Tohelpaudiencelearnmoreaboutsports.D．TointroducetheOlympicGamescompletely.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)參與人員比冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)多得多，所以作者提到夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)是為了對(duì)比兩者的規(guī)模。故選A項(xiàng)。2．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefigure-skaters?A．Gracefulandhighlyskilled.B．Confidentandattractive.C．Amazingandresponsible.D．Seniorandhonorable.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Theseiceprincesandprincessesaresogracefulthatit’seasytoforgetthattheyareactuallyhighlyskilledathletes.”可知，花樣滑冰運(yùn)動(dòng)員不僅動(dòng)作優(yōu)雅，而且技術(shù)高超。故選A項(xiàng)。3．Whatdothethreesportshaveincommonaccordingtothepassage?A．Theyallincludedownhillraces.B．Allthethreearenewly-developed.C．TheyarealltypicalgamesofWinterOlympics.D．Alltheathletescomefromicynortherncountries.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“OneofthemostpopularsportsoftheWinterOlympicGamesisskiing.”和第三段的“Thefigure-skatersaregenerallyconsideredtobethestarsoftheWinterOlympicGames.”以及第四段的“TheskeletonisoneofthestrangestnamedsportsoftheOlympics.”可知，這三種運(yùn)動(dòng)都是冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)的經(jīng)典項(xiàng)目。故選C項(xiàng)。B(2022·河南信陽高一期中)Takeyourdogforameal.Atmorerestaurantsincludingsomeofthemostfashionableones，diningwithanimalsisnowpartoftheevening’smenu.WhenlocalsinKeyWest，goouttodinner，apopularplaceisanopen-airrestaurant.Onenteringtherestaurant，they’lllikelyseeacatnexttoasignthatsays“PettheCat，$1.”Fortheownersoftherestaurant，servinghumanguestsalongsidetheirpetsisano-brainer.Sincetheyopenedtherestaurant，they’vehadafriendlyruletowardspets，theonethatallowspetsintotherestaurantinagivenweek.Americansmoreandmoredependonrestaurants(theyeat4.2mealsouteachweek)，it’sonlynaturalthatthefamilypetisfinallygettingintotheact.Enter“pet-friendlyrestaurants”intoanInternetsearchengineandmanyrestaurantscomeout.Whydorestaurantscourtpets?“Dogsneversendtheirfoodback，”jokesoneowner.Thetrend(趨勢)doesn’tonlybelongtocommonplaces.Manyhigh-rankrestaurantsalsohavefollowedthetrend.Andtherearesomecooksmakingaspecialefforttotreatthosewithfourlegs.LorieAnn，co-ownerandcookatarestaurantnamedFishWagoninCalif.，specializinginGermanandFrenchfood，servesafreehome-made“doggieburger”andafew“doggiecookies”tonon-humanguests.Evenasmorerestaurantsseektodrawpetowners，theyarestilltheexception.Mostlocalhealthrulesmakeitclearthatpetsshouldbepreventedfromrestaurantsandsuggestthattheybekeptoutofopen-airareas.Still，manyofficialsdon’tpayattentiontotherulesandallowpetstositoutsidewiththeirowners.Tomakepetownersconvenientwithintherules，somerestaurantsallowpetstositwiththeirownersonlywhentheanimalsare“parked”justoutsidethedesignated(指定的)diningarea.語篇導(dǎo)讀本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了隨著美國人外出就餐更加頻繁，許多餐廳為吸引顧客允許顧客帶寵物就餐。4．Whydoesitbecomepartoftheevening’smenutotakepetsforamealnaturallyinAmerica?A．Manyrestaurantsaimtopleasenon-humanguests.B．Peoplehavemealsoutmoreoftenthaneverbefore.C．Petownerswanttogivetheirpetsbetterthingstoeat.D．Moreandmorerestaurantshavefriendlyrulesforpets.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句可知，美國人平均每周超過四頓飯?jiān)谕饷娉?，所以很自然地他們?huì)帶上家里的寵物，由此可知，與動(dòng)物共進(jìn)晚餐已成為菜單的一部分是因?yàn)槿藗兺獬鼍筒偷拇螖?shù)比以往任何時(shí)候都多。故選B。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“court”meaninparagraph5?A．Trytoclean. B．Trytostop.C．Trytoplease. D．Trytointroduce.答案C解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第六段第三、四句可知，餐廳為了吸引顧客采取各種方式來照顧好這些動(dòng)物，由此可知，court與C選項(xiàng)“Trytoplease”意思相近。故選C。6．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Restaurantspleaseownersinordertobringmoredogs.B．Restaurantsgivemorespecialservicetopetsthanhumans.C．Healthrulesdon’thaveanyinfluenceondiningoutwithpets.D．Restaurantstrytobalancebetweentherulesandguests’need.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后兩段中提到的一些餐廳的做法可知，一些餐館為了生意，盡量提供方便。由此可推斷出，餐廳努力在規(guī)則和客人需求之間取得平衡。故選D。7．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．PetMealsB．PettingCatsinRestaurantsC．PetOwnersD．DiningOutwithYourPets答案D解析標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容以及下文的詳細(xì)介紹可知，文章主要闡述帶寵物出去吃飯?jiān)絹碓匠Ｒ?，一些餐館為了吸引更多的顧客，也努力去照顧好寵物。D選項(xiàng)“DiningOutwithYourPets”能夠概括文章內(nèi)容，適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選D。C(2022·福建漳州高一期末)QiuShiandhercolleaguesoftenpatrol(巡邏)inthemountains，withonlybreadandsausagestoeat.Theyaremembersofthefirstall-womanpatrolteamintheNortheastChinaTigerandLeopardNationalPark，HeilongjiangProvince，whichwasestablishedin2019tohelpwithwildlifeprotectionandprovideemploymentforlocalwomen.Qiu,36，istheoldestofthesixguards.TheyareinchargeofprotectingSiberiantigersandotherwildlifeinthereserve.Eachpatroltheyconductinthemountainsrequirestensofthousandsofsteps.Insummer，theirclothesarecompletelywetfromsweat.BaiXueusedtohavefairskin，butafterafewmonthsofpatrolling，shedevelopedatan(棕褐色皮膚)．Removingtrapssetbypoachers(偷獵者)isoneoftheirmostimportanttasks.Atfirst，theteamwasn’tabletodestroythetraps，butitbecameeasierwithmorepractice，althoughtheirhandsarenowcallused(長繭)fromtheheavywork.Theteamhascollectedagreatdealofinformationaboutthemountainenvironmentinwhichtheyoperate.“Weseehumanfootprints，butalsoanimaltrackswhichcantellusaboutthewildlifepopulationinacertainareaandtheirmainrangeofactivity，”Qiusaid，addingthatthemostexcitingthingaboutpatrollingthemountainsischeckingthecamerasmonitoringanimals’movements.EverytimeseeinganimageofaSiberiantigersleepingorwanderingabout，theyareexcited.It’slikefindingtreasure.Andtheimagescollectedbytheteamsuggestthatthewildlifepopulationsareincreasing.ThedatawillbeprovidedtoexpertstostudythemigrationpatternsofSiberiantigersandotheranimals.Duringpatrols，theyalsorescueinjuredanimalswherevertheyfindthem.Theworkishardandthedaysarelong，buttheyintendtocontinue，determinedtoprotectthewildlifeofthisimportantnaturalhabitat.語篇導(dǎo)讀這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了黑龍江省東北虎豹國家公園第一支全女性巡邏隊(duì)及巡邏隊(duì)的工作內(nèi)容。8．Whatcanweknowaboutthepatrolteam?A．Itwassetupmainlytoofferlocalwomenjobs.B．Clearingtrapsistheirmostdifficulttask.C．Theirworkhelpswiththewildlifestudy.D．Theteammembersareanimaldoctors.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句和第三段倒數(shù)二、三句可知，巡邏隊(duì)旨在幫助保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物，她們收集的數(shù)據(jù)將提供給研究西伯利亞虎和其他動(dòng)物遷徙模式的專家，由此可知，巡邏隊(duì)的工作有助于野生動(dòng)物研究。故選C項(xiàng)。9．Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A．Thewildlifeisoutofdangernow.B．Eachpatrolistoughandchallenging.C．Animaltrackscantellthespeciesofwildlife.D．Takingpicturesofthewildlifeistheteam’sfavorite.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，每一次巡邏都很不容易，且富有挑戰(zhàn)性。故選B項(xiàng)。10．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheteam?A．Braveandhonest.B．Adaptableandtalented.C．Determinedandhard-working.D．Responsibleandwell-educated.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中對(duì)巡邏隊(duì)工作的描述可知，巡邏隊(duì)是辛勤的；根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，巡邏隊(duì)決心保護(hù)自然棲息地的野生動(dòng)物，無論工作多么辛苦。綜上所述，巡邏隊(duì)是有決心的和辛勤的。故選C項(xiàng)。11．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Thewildlifepopulationisontheincrease.B．Theanimals’habitatisinneedofpreservation.C．Apatrolteamconductsaresearchinthemountains.D．Womenguardspatrolthemountainstoprotectthewildlife.答案D解析主旨大意題。通讀全文并結(jié)合第一段可知，本文主要介紹了黑龍江省東北虎豹國家公園第一支全女性巡邏隊(duì)及巡邏隊(duì)的工作內(nèi)容。故選D項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.七選五Sharkshavelivedintheworld’soceansformillionsofyears.Asharkhasanextremelygoodsenseofsmell.Itcanfindsmallamountsofsubstancesinthewater，suchasblood，bodyliquidsandchemicalsproducedbyanimals.Thesepowerfulsenseshelpthemfindtheirfood.1S