20202021學年上海徐匯區(qū)高二上學期期末考試英語試卷解析版

2020-2021學年上海徐匯區(qū)高二上學期期末考試英語試卷I.ListeningComprehension(25’)SectionA(10’)Directions:inSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Atatrainstation.B.Atatravelagency.C.Atabusstation.D.Atanairport.2.A.Hersister’s.B.Heraunt’s.C.Hermother’s.D.Herbrother’s.3.A.$15.B.$18.C.$30.D.$33.4.A.Terrific.B.Tough.C.Exciting.D.Well-paid.5.A.Harmonyinacommunity.B.Safetyintheneighborhood.C.PreparationsforChristmas.D.Waystosaveelectricity.6.A.Hehasbadstudyhabits.B.Hesleepstoomuch.C.Hewakesupearly.D.He’satopstudent.7.A.Hehadn’tnoticedanychangeinSean.B.Seanlooksverydifferentwithoutabeard.C.Seanlooksnicerwithoutabeard.D.Hehasn’tseenSeanforalongtime.8.A.AcertaingiftfromHawaii.B.Agrandweddingparty.C.TwoplaneticketstoHawaii.D.Apictureofthemoon.9.A.Thejob’sshorthoursmakeitimpossibleforhertorefuse.B.Thejobisturningintoanexcellentopportunityforher.C.She’slookingforwardtomeetinghernewcolleagues.D.Sherefusedthepositionbecauseofthelowsalary.10.A.GiveDaisyacall.B.Gobackhome.C.Askthepoliceforhelp.D.Waitforafewmoreminutes.SectionB(15’)Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestionreadthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Schoollife.B.Themedia.C.Theirfamilies.D.Computergames.12.A.Havechildrenloseweight.B.Learnmoreaboutchildcare.C.Letchildrengooutontheirown.D.Makeallofthedecisionsfortheirchildren.13.A.Whetherkidsarewellenoughprotected.B.Howkidsaredifferentfromhowtheyusedtobe.C.Whetherparentsshouldbeworryingtoomuchabouttheirkids.D.Howparentshaveadaptedthemselvestothepresentsituation.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Thevarioustaxes.B.Thetyres.C.therepairs.D.Thefittings.15.A.Pollutionfromfactories.B.Poisonousgasesfromcars.C.Low-qualityfoodproducts.D.Harmfulmaterialsusedincars.16.A.Whenthereisatrafficjam.B.Whenthecarisinbadcondition.C.Whenthedriverhasabadtemper.D.Whenfuelbecomesexpensive.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.HowEnglishfoodismade.B.WhyIndianfoodsareoftentasteless.C.Whyfoodsinsomecountriesarespicy.D.HowspicyfoodwasintroducedintoEngland.18.A.Thefoodincoldregionsisusuallytasty.B.Theclimatehaslittleeffectonthelocalfood.C.IndiaandEnglandhavequitesimilarclimate.D.Spicyfoodcausespeopletosweat,coolingthemoff.19.A.Theycoverthebadsmellsoffood.B.Theygivethefoodauniqueflavor.C.Theyslowdownthegrowthofbacteria.D.Theycomeinhandywherethereisnorefrigerator.20.A.Thementionofthemmakesthewomanhungry.B.Plantsandbacteriacanliveinharmonytosomeextent.C.Plants’uniqueflavorshavecontributedtotheirsurvival.D.Ittakesalongertimeforplantslikeonionandgarlictogrow.II.GrammarandVocabulary(20’)SectionA(10’)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Writeyouranswersontheanswersheet.John,anESLtutorofacommunitycollege,movedtoNewYorkCitywithallthemembersofhisfamily.Johnisaremarkableteacher,so_____1_____(be)hisstudentsforseveralyears,weallmissedhimverymuchsinceheleft.Itwasnotlong______2______JohncamebacktoNorthCarolinatohandlesomerounding-off(結(jié)束)affairs,ESLteachersandwestudentsheldasmallpartyforhim.Attheparty,____3____peoplewalkedaroundandtalkedwitheachothercheerfully,IcertainlywouldnotlightlygiveupthatgoodopportunitytolearnEnglish.ThenItriedtothinkofallsortsoftopicstoconversewithMonica,anotherESLteacher.JustbeforeIwasabout_____4_____(run)outofmytopicsofconversationwhenIheardJohnsaidtoothersloudly,“IdigNewYork!”IimmediatelyaskedMonicaseriously,“IsitreallydifficulttofindajobinNewYork?WhydoesJohn,such_____5_____outstandingESLteacher,havetodolaboriouswork?”Lookingpuzzled,Monicaasked,“Whydoyouhavesuchafeeling?”“Haven’tyouheardhimsaythathe____6____(dig)NewYork?Ishebuildingatunnel?”Ireplied.Whenshefinallyunderstood____7____Isaid,Monicalaughedsohardastonarrowlyescapespewing(噴出)herfoodinhermouth.Wearingabroadsmile,shegesturedtoustostoptalking,andthenaskedus,theESLstudents,____8____weknewthemeaningof“IdigNewYork.”Allofusshookourheadsandsaidno.MonicathenrequestedJohntoexplainittous.____9____turnsoutthat,inAmericanslang,“IdigNewYork”means,“IloveNewYork.”Thoughfewpeoplesaylikethatnowadays,wecanstillfindit_____10_____(use)inliteraryworks.【答案】1.havingbeen2.before3.where4.toturn5.an6.isdigging7.what8.whether##if9.It10.used【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了當我們的第二外語教師即將離開時，我們給他舉辦的一次歡送會。在歡送會上學生對“IdigNewYork”這個短語的錯誤理解所引起的笑話?！?題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：John是一個優(yōu)秀的教師，當了他的學生這么多年，自從他離開，我們都很想念他。根據(jù)句子分析可知，so是并列連詞，連接兩個分句。在后面這個分句中，主句為weallmissedhimverymuch，狀語為_____(be)hisstudentsforseveralyears，狀語的邏輯主語為we，與behisstudent之間的關系為主動，be發(fā)生在謂語動詞missed之前，所以要用現(xiàn)在分詞完成式（havingdone）做狀語，表主動，表發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前。故填havingbeen?！?題詳解】考查固定句型。句意：沒過多久John就回來處理離職的那些事情，ESL老師和我們學生為他舉行了一個小型聚會。根據(jù)句子分析可知，itwasnotlongbefore…(before從句要用一般過去時)，此句型表示“沒過多久就……”。故填before?！?題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：在聚會上，大家走來走去，高興地聊天，我當然不會輕易放過這么好的機會來學英語。根據(jù)句子分析可知，主句為Attheparty,IcertainlywouldnotlightlygiveupthatgoodopportunitytolearnEnglish，那么_____peoplewalkedaroundandtalkedwitheachothercheerfully為非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞party。從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，故party做從句的地點狀語，用關系副詞where引導從句。故填where。【4題詳解】考查動詞不定式。句意：正當我快要沒有話題可聊的時候，這時我聽到John大聲地對其他人說道，“我喜歡紐約”。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表達為“beabouttodosth.when...(正要做某事，這時……)，用動詞不定式表示將要做，還沒做，故填torun?！?題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：為什么像John這么優(yōu)秀的ESL老師，要去下苦力呢？根據(jù)句子分析可知，此處泛指“一位優(yōu)秀的老師”，outstanding以元音音素開頭，用不定冠詞an，故填an?！?題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：難道你剛剛沒聽他說，他正在挖紐約嗎？根據(jù)下文“Ishebuildingatunnel?”（用了現(xiàn)在進行時）可知，這里指作者轉(zhuǎn)述剛剛John說的那句話，可用現(xiàn)在進行時表示這段時間的狀態(tài)或動作，主語he第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語單數(shù)形式。故填isdigging。【7題詳解】考查賓語從句連接詞。句意：當她理解到我所說的話之后，Monica大聲笑出來，差點把食物吐出來。根據(jù)句子分析可知，understand為動詞，后跟賓語從句_____Isaid，從句中I為主語，said為謂語動詞，句子缺少賓語，故填what表示什么，在從句中做said的賓語，引出賓語從句。故填what?！?題詳解】考查賓語從句連接詞。句意：面帶微笑，她示意我們停下來，然后問我們是否知道“IdigNewYork”的意思。根據(jù)句子分析可知，asked為動詞，us為間接賓語，theESLstudents為us的同位語，____weknewthemeaningof“IdigNewYork”為ask的直接賓語，在句中做賓語從句。從句中主語為we,謂語動詞為knew，賓語為themeaningof“IdigNewYork”，從句不缺成分，但是表達的意思為“是否”，故用whether/if引導賓語從句，故填whether/if?！?題詳解】考查it做形式主語。句意：結(jié)果，在美國俚語中，“IdigNewYork”的意思為“我愛美國”。根據(jù)句子分析可知，that,inAmericanslang,“IdigNewYork”means,“IloveNewYork.”為主語從句，此處用it做形式主語，首字母大寫。故填It。【10題詳解】考查過去分詞。句意：盡管現(xiàn)在很少有人會那樣說，但是我們?nèi)匀荒苷业剿挥迷谖膶W作品中。根據(jù)句子分析可知，we為主語，canfind為謂語動詞，it做賓語，此處，it與use之間的關系為被動，故填過去分詞作賓補，表被動。故填used。SectionB(10’)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.invisibleB.regularlyC.contributesD.mercyE.moderatelyF.trappedG.amateursH.remainingI.declineJ.comparableK.braggingThesaleofTheWashingtonPosttoJeffBezosisjustthemostrecentepisodeinthedeclineandfallofprofessionaljournalism.Bysellingouttoamega-billionairewithoutanynewspaperexperience,theGrahamfamilyhasputapricelessnationalassetatthe_____11_____ofasingleoutsider.PerhapsJeffBezoswillusehisnewplaythingresponsibly;perhapsnot;ifnot,oneofthefew____12____sourcesofseriousjournalismwillbelost.ThecrisisintheEnglish-speakingworldwillturnintoadisasterinsmallerlanguagezones.TheEnglish-speakingmarketissolargethatadvertiserswillpayalottogainaccesstothetensofmillionsofreaderswho_____13_____clickontoTheNewYorkTimesorTheGuardian.ButthePortuguese-readingpublicisfartoosmalltosupportseriousjournalismontheInternet.WhathappenstoPortuguesedemocracywhennobodyiswillingtopayforold-fashionednewspapers?Theblogospherecan’tbeexpectedtotakeupthe_____14_____ofseriousjournalism.First-classreportingonnationalandinternationalaffairsisn’tfor_____15_____.itrequireslotsoftrainingandlotsofcontactsandlotsofexpenses.Italsorequiresreporterswiththewell-trainedcapacitytowriteforabroadaudience.Themodernnewspapercreatedtherightincentivesbutwithouta(an)____16____businessmodelforthenewtechnology,bloggingwilldegenerateintoapostmodernnightmare—withmillions___17___withoutanyconcernforthefacts.Wecan’taffordtowaitforthe____18____handtocomeupwithanewwaytoprovideeconomicsupportforseriousjournalism.Tobesure,thefinancialpresshasproved____19____successfulinpersuadingreaderstopayforonlineaccess;andmainstreammediaarenowtryingtoimitatethissuccess.Eachnewsarticleonthewebwillendbyaskingreaderswhetherit_____20_____totheirpoliticalunderstanding.Ifso,theycanclicktheyes-box,andsendthemessagetoaNationalEndowmentforJournalism—whichwouldobtainanannualappropriationfromthegovernment.Thisway,seriousjournalismwillsucceedingainingmasssupport.【答案】11.D12.H13.B14.I15.G16.J17.K18.A19.E20.C【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。文章由《華盛頓郵報》被出售這一事件引入傳統(tǒng)嚴肅新聞開始沒落這一話題，傳統(tǒng)嚴肅新聞的勢弱將會給英語國家來帶危機，而現(xiàn)代報業(yè)還不能填補嚴肅新聞缺位留下的空白，我們不能坐等市場去應對這一問題?！?1題詳解】考查名詞。句意：通過向一個沒有任何報業(yè)經(jīng)驗的億萬富翁出售報紙，格雷厄姆家族把一筆無價的國家資產(chǎn)交給了一個局外人。atthemercyofsb.為固定短語，意為“任……處置；任……由擺布”，句中指“《華盛頓郵報》這一無價的國家資產(chǎn)落入一個沒有任何報業(yè)經(jīng)驗的局外人手中，任由其處置”。故選D項?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：也許杰夫·貝佐斯會負責任地使用他的新玩物；也許不會；如果他不，那么我們將將會失去僅存的為數(shù)不多的嚴肅新聞來源之一。結(jié)合句意，分析句子可知，空格處應填入形容詞作定語修飾名詞sources，結(jié)合選項，形容詞remaining表示“剩下的”，符合語境。故選H項?！?3題詳解】考查副詞。句意：英語市場的規(guī)模如此之大，以至于廣告商愿意花大價錢來獲得定期點擊《紐約時報》或《衛(wèi)報》的數(shù)千萬讀者。結(jié)合常識和“advertiserswillpayalottogainaccesstothetensofmillionsofreaders”可知，廣告商愿意花大價錢得到的讀者一定是《紐約時報》或《衛(wèi)報》的長期讀者，他們會定期訪問這些網(wǎng)站，結(jié)合選項，副詞regularly表示“定期地，有規(guī)律地”，符合語境。故選B項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞。句意：不能指望博客圈來彌補嚴肅新聞的沒落。根據(jù)上文華盛頓郵報被出售可知，嚴肅新聞勢弱，開始沒落，結(jié)合選項，名詞decline表示“衰退，沒落”，符合語境。故選I項。【15題詳解】考查名詞。句意：非專業(yè)人員不適合報道頭等國內(nèi)和國際事務。結(jié)合常識和句意可知，嚴肅的國內(nèi)和國際事務報道不是非專業(yè)人員能夠勝任的，結(jié)合選項，名詞amateur表示“非專業(yè)人員”，符合語境。故選G項。【16題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：現(xiàn)代報紙創(chuàng)造了正確的激勵機制，但如果沒有一種可與之相媲美的新技術商業(yè)模式，博客將淪為一場后現(xiàn)代噩夢，數(shù)百萬人都在吹噓自己，而不關心事實。結(jié)合句意和“businessmodelforthenewtechnology”可知，這種新的技術需要和與其類似的商業(yè)模式結(jié)合，結(jié)合選項，形容詞comparable表示“類似的”，符合語境。故選J項?！?7題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：現(xiàn)代報紙創(chuàng)造了正確的激勵機制，但如果沒有一種可與之相媲美的新技術商業(yè)模式，博客將淪為一場后現(xiàn)代噩夢，數(shù)百萬人都在吹噓自己，而不關心事實。根據(jù)“degenerateintoapostmodernnightmare”和“withoutanyconcernforthefacts”可知，人們將再不關心事實，只是吹噓自己，結(jié)合選項，bragging表示“吹噓”，作with復合結(jié)構(gòu)后的賓語補足語。故選K項。【18題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我們不能坐等“看不見的手”找到新方法為嚴肅的新聞業(yè)提供經(jīng)濟支持。結(jié)合句意，分析句子可知，空格處應填入，結(jié)合選項，bragging表示“吹噓”，作with復合結(jié)構(gòu)后的賓語補足語，符合語境。故選A項。【19題詳解】考查副詞。句意：可以肯定的是，財經(jīng)媒體在說服讀者為在線閱讀付費方面取得了一定的成功；主流媒體現(xiàn)在正試圖模仿這種成功。結(jié)合句意，分析句子可知，空格處應填入副詞修飾形容詞successful，結(jié)合選項，副詞moderately表示“適度地，一定地”，符合語境。故選E項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞。句意：網(wǎng)絡上的每一篇新聞文章在結(jié)束時都會詢問讀者，文章是否有助于他們的政治理解。contributeto為固定短語，表示“有助于”，符合句意。故選C項。III.ReadingComprehension(45’)SectionA(15’)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.WhetheritistossingtheFrisbee(擲飛盤)onthecampusorrepresentingyourtowninthelocalbaseballleague,sportsremainprevalentinAmericansociety.Athleticsbeginatayoungage.Astheylearntowalkandtalk,kidsinAmericaalsolearntorun,throwandkick.Theyare____21____tosportsatayoungagesothattheyformahabitofremaining____22____andfit,whilealso____23____themselves.Mosttownsoffera“ParksandRecreation”program,whichsponsorsvariouseducationalphysicalactivities,suchassportssummercampsormonthlyhikes.____24____,townsoftencreateyouthleaguesthat____25____childrentocompleteagainstothertowns.Theseprograms,runbyvolunteers,stressnotonlyskilldevelopment,butalsovaluesof____26____andenjoymentnomatterwhattheoutcome.Athleticscontinueatmore____27____levelsthroughoutelementaryschooltouniversity,withextracurricularprogramsplayingadevelopmentroleandtrainingstudentstoperhapseveneventuallybecome____28____.Attheprofessionallevel,spectatorsportshavebecomeastaple(重要部分)ofAmericantraditionandculture.Familiesandfriendsgatheraroundthetelevisionorendurehoursof____29____tosupporttheirfavoriteteams,whiletheseathletesaremadeintointernationalcelebrities.ProfessionalsportsintheU.S.arelargely_____30_____bytheBigFourLeagues:theNationalFootballLeague(NFL),MajorLeagueBaseball(MLB),theNationalBasketballAssociation(NBA),andtheNationalHockeyLeague(NHL).Withteams_____31_____majorcities,thesespectatorsportsdrawlargecrowdsandarefollowedalmost_____32_____bysomefans.Soccerhas_____33_____torisetoprominenceinAmerica;however,withtheirperformanceinthe2010WorldCupandmoreexposuretoEuropeansteamsthroughthearrivalofstarsuchasDavidBeckhamandThierryHenry,MajorLeagueSoccer(MLS)inAmericaasaspectatorsporthascertainly_____34_____.Internationalcompetitionisrareandoftenconsiderednotas_____35_____asthedomesticleagues.However,duringtheOlympicsandtheWorldCup,Americansdorallyaroundtheircountrymentoperformattheinternationallevel.21.A.exposed B.treated C.devoted D.attributed22.A.young B.active C.hopeful D.positive23.A.enjoying B.pushing C.supporting D.protecting24.A.Forexample B.However C.Consequently D.Furthermore25.A.force B.warn C.allow D.advise26.A.sportsmanship B.curiosity C.creativity D.citizenship27.A.friendly B.amateur C.competitive D.international28.A.winners B.professionals C.managers D.rivals29.A.competition B.traffic C.labor D.argument30.A.divided B.dominated C.owned D.followed31.A.entering B.representing C.sponsoring D.occupying32.A.blindly B.secretly C.religiously D.leisurely33.A.attempted B.refused C.aimed D.struggled34.A.decreased B.remained C.slowed D.grown35.A.predictable B.respectable C.significant D.extensive【答案】21.A22.B23.A24.D25.C26.A27.C28.B29.B30.B31.B32.C33.D34.D35.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了體育運動在美國社會中的流行?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們在很小的時候就接觸到運動，這樣他們就養(yǎng)成了保持活躍和健康的習慣，同時也享受生活。A.exposed暴露；接觸；B.treated對待；C.devoted致力于；D.attributed把……歸于。beexposedto接觸。根據(jù)“Astheylearntowalkandtalk,kidsinAmericaalsolearntorun,throwandkick.”可知，美國的孩子從小就接觸到各種運動。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們在很小的時候就接觸到運動，這樣他們就養(yǎng)成了保持活躍和健康的習慣，同時也享受生活。A.young年輕的；B.active活躍的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.positive積極的。根據(jù)“Theyare____1____tosportsatayoungage”可知，因為從小就接觸到各種運動，因此很活躍。故選B。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們在很小的時候就接觸到運動，這樣他們就養(yǎng)成了保持活躍和健康的習慣，同時也享受生活。A.enjoying享受；B.pushing推；C.supporting支持；D.protecting保護。根據(jù)“Theyare____1____tosportsatayoungagesothattheyformahabitofremaining____2____andfit,”可知，美國人熱愛運動的同時也很享受生活。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查副詞和短語詞義辨析。句意：此外，城鎮(zhèn)通常會創(chuàng)建青年聯(lián)盟，讓孩子們在與其他城鎮(zhèn)的孩子進行對抗。A.Forexample例如；B.However然而；C.Consequently因此；D.Furthermore而且?？崭袂爸v大多數(shù)城鎮(zhèn)會舉辦各種體育活動，空格后講城鎮(zhèn)之間也有活動，讓孩子們?nèi)ジ渌擎?zhèn)的孩子們比賽，前后文有遞進關系，用連接副詞furthermore表示遞進。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，城鎮(zhèn)通常會創(chuàng)建青年聯(lián)盟，讓孩子們在與其他城鎮(zhèn)的孩子進行對抗。A.force強迫；B.warn警告；C.allow允許；D.advise建議。allowsb.todo允許某人做某事。根據(jù)“townsoftencreateyouthleagues”可知，城鎮(zhèn)創(chuàng)建青年聯(lián)盟的目的是讓不同城鎮(zhèn)的孩子們進行對抗比賽。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些由志愿者運營的項目，不僅強調(diào)技能的發(fā)展，也強調(diào)，無論結(jié)果如何，都要重視體育精神和享受比賽的價值觀。A.sportsmanship體育精神；B.curiosity好奇；C.creativity創(chuàng)造力；D.citizenship公民權(quán)。根據(jù)“andenjoymentnomatterwhattheoutcome.”可知，這些項目培養(yǎng)了孩子們的體育精神。故選A。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：從小學到大學，體育運動的競技水平越來越高，課外活動發(fā)揮著發(fā)展作用，訓練學生最終成為專業(yè)人士。A.friendly友好的；B.amateur業(yè)余的；C.competitive競爭的；D.international國際的。根據(jù)“throughoutelementaryschooltouniversity,”可知，從小學到大學，不斷地參加活動，孩子們體育運動的競技水平會越來越高，競爭性越來越強。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從小學到大學，體育運動競技水平越來越高，課外活動發(fā)揮著發(fā)展作用，訓練學生最終成為專業(yè)人士。A.winners獲勝者；B.professionals專業(yè)人員；C.managers經(jīng)理；D.rivals競爭者。根據(jù)“withextracurricularprogramsplayingadevelopmentrole”可知，課外活動發(fā)揮著發(fā)展作用，使得一些學生成為體育專業(yè)人士。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：家人和朋友聚在電視機前，或者忍受數(shù)小時的交通來支持他們喜愛的球隊，而這些運動員則成為了國際名人。A.competition競爭；B.traffic交通；C.labor勞動；D.argument爭論。根據(jù)“endurehours”和“supporttheirfavoriteteams”可推知，這里指忍受幾個小時的交通，到現(xiàn)場支持他們喜愛的球隊。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：美國的職業(yè)體育主要由四大聯(lián)盟主導：國家橄欖球聯(lián)盟(NFL)、職業(yè)棒球大聯(lián)盟(MLB)、國家籃球協(xié)會(NBA)和國家冰球聯(lián)盟(NHL)。A.divided劃分；B.dominated支配；C.owned擁有；D.followed跟隨。bedominatedby被……支配。這里指美國的職業(yè)體育主要由四大聯(lián)盟主導和支配著。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因為球隊代表著主要的城市，這些觀賞性的運動吸引了大量的觀眾，一些球迷幾乎是虔誠地追隨它們。A.entering進入；B.representing代表；C.sponsoring發(fā)起；D.occupying占據(jù)。根據(jù)“thesespectatorsportsdrawlargecrowdsandarefollowedalmost____12____bysomefans.”可知，球隊代表著其城市，所以追隨者眾多。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：因為球隊代表著主要的城市，這些觀賞性的運動吸引了大量的觀眾，一些球迷幾乎是虔誠地追隨它們。A.blindly盲目地；B.secretly秘密地；C.religiously虔誠地；D.leisurely休閑地。根據(jù)“Withteams____11____majorcities,thesespectatorsportsdrawlargecrowds”可知，一些球迷虔誠地追隨著自己城市所代表的球隊。故選C。【33題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在美國，足球一直在努力發(fā)展。A.attempted嘗試；B.refused拒絕；C.aimed針對；D.struggled努力。struggletodo努力做某事。根據(jù)“however,withtheirperformanceinthe2010WorldCupandmoreexposuretoEuropeansteamsthroughthearrivalofstarsuchasDavidBeckhamandThierryHenry,MajorLeagueSoccer(MLS)inAmericaasaspectatorsporthascertainly____14____.”可知，足球在美國也在努力發(fā)展。故選D。【34題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，隨著他們在2010年世界杯上的表現(xiàn)，以及大衛(wèi)·貝克漢姆和蒂埃里·亨利等球星的到來，更多地接觸到歐洲球隊，美國職業(yè)足球大聯(lián)盟(MLS)作為一項觀眾眾多的運動在美國發(fā)展起來。A.decreased減少；B.remained保持；C.slowed展示；D.grown成長。根據(jù)“Soccerhas____13____torisetoprominenceinAmerica;”可知，這里指美國足球的發(fā)展與成長。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：國際比賽很少，而且通常被認為不如國內(nèi)聯(lián)賽重要。A.predictable可預測的；B.respectable值得尊重的；C.significant重要的；D.extensive廣泛的。根據(jù)“Internationalcompetitionisrare”可知，美國國內(nèi)比賽如火如荼，很少參加國際比賽，因為通常認為國際比賽不如國內(nèi)聯(lián)賽重要。故選C。SectionB（22’）Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Excitingconcertos(協(xié)奏曲)fromVivaldi’sTheFourSeasonscanboostmentalalertness,accordingtoresearchfromNorthumbriaUniversity.Thefindings,whicharepublishedinExperimentalPsychology,showthattheexcitingfirstmovement,inparticular,iscapableofenhancingattentionandmemory.Intheexperimentagroupof14youngadultsweregivenamentalconcentrationtasktoperform.Theywereaskedtopressthespacebaronakeyboardwhenagreensquareappearedonscreenandignoredifferentcoloredcirclesandsquaresthatappearedatintervals.TheparticipantscarriedoutthistaskbothinsilenceandwhilelisteningtoeachofthefourconcertoswhiletheirbrainactivitywasmeasuredusingEEGbrainimaging.ResultsshowedthatparticipantsrespondedcorrectlyfasterwhenlisteningtotheexcitingSpringconcerto.Whenlisteningtotheconcerto,theaverageresponsetimeinperformingthetaskwas393.8millisecondasopposedto408.1millisecondswhenthetaskwascarriedoutinsilence.Thisresponsetimeroseto413.3millisecondswhentheylistenedtotheslowerandsadderAutumnmusic,thereforeshowingadecreaseinmentalcapacity.PsychologistDr.LeighRibysaid,“TheSpringmovementenhancedoverallactivitywithinthebrainbuthadanexaggeratedeffectontheareaofthebrainthat’simportantforemotionalprocessing.Itseemedtogiverisetoparticularimageryinthebrainandevokepositive,contentedfeelingswhichtranslatedintohigherlevelsofcognitivefunctioning.”Dr.RibysuggeststhattheSpringmovementisparticularlyspecialandcouldbeusedintherapyandis,infact,quiteafamiliarpiecetomostpeopleasithasbeenusedsuccessfullyinmarketingtoinducemoodandinfluencebehavior.Healsofoundthatthekeyinwhichthemusicwaswrittenhadnoimpactonbrainperformance.WhiletheSpringconcerto,whichiswritteninamajorkeyenhancedcognitivefunction,theAutumnmovement,whichisalsowritteninamajorkey,didnot.Headded,“Thisexperimentshowsthatcognitivecapacityisenhancedwhenpleasantandarousingstimuliareintroduced.”36.WhatdoweknowabouttheresearchfromNorthumbriaA.Itwasconductedinfourdifferentseasonsofayear.B.Itshowedmusiccanboostmentalalertness.C.Itwasdonebyagroupof14youngadults.D.Theresultsoftheresearchhavebeenpublished.37.Underwhatcircumstancedidparticipantsrespondcorrectlyfaster?A.Whentheywereincompletesilence.B.Whentheywerelisteningtoslowandsadmusic.C.WhentheywerelisteningtotheAutumnconcerto.D.WhentheywerelisteningtotheSpringconcerto.38.WhyaremostpeoplequitefamiliarwiththeSpringmovement?A.Ithasbeenusedintherapysettings.B.Ithasbeensuccessfullyusedinmarketing.C.Peoplethinkitquitespecialandclassic.D.Peopleusuallylistentoittoadjusttheirmood.39.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Thekeyinwhichthemusicwaswrittenwasneverimportant.B.TheSpringandtheAutumnmovementwerewrittenindifferentkeys.C.Pleasantandarousingstimulicanenhancecognitivecapacity.D.TheAutumnconcertocouldenhancecognitiveability.【答案】36.D37.D38.B39.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。短文通過實驗表明令人愉快和興奮的刺激可以提高認知能力?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thefindings,whicharepublishedinExperimentalPsychology”（研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在《實驗心理學》上）可知，這項研究結(jié)果已經(jīng)被出版。故選D項?！?7題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“ResultsshowedthatparticipantsrespondedcorrectlyfasterwhenlisteningtotheexcitingSpringconcerto.”（結(jié)果顯示，參與者在聽令人興奮的春季協(xié)奏曲時，正確的反應速度更快）可知，當參與者在聽令人興奮的春季協(xié)奏曲時，正確的反應速度更快。故選D項?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Dr.RibysuggeststhattheSpringmovementisparticularlyspecialandcouldbeusedintherapyandis,infact,quiteafamiliarpiecetomostpeopleasithasbeenusedsuccessfullyinmarketingtoinducemoodandinfluencebehavior.”（里比博士認為，“春天”的運動尤其特別，可以用于治療，事實上，大多數(shù)人都很熟悉它，因為它已成功地用于營銷，以誘導情緒和影響行為）可知大多數(shù)人對《春季》運動很熟悉是因為它已成功地應用于市場營銷中。故選B項?！?9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thisexperimentshowsthatcognitivecapacityisenhancedwhenpleasantandarousingstimuliareintroduced.”（這個實驗表明，當令人愉快和興奮的刺激出現(xiàn)時，認知能力會增強）可知，令人愉快和興奮的刺激可以提高認知能力。故選C項。(B)Didyouknowthatallhumanbeingshavea“comfortzone”regulatingthedistancetheystandfromsomeonewhentheytalk?Thisdistancevariesininterestingwaysamongpeopleofdifferentcultures.Greeks,someoftheEasternMediterranean,andmanyofthosefromSouthAmericanormallystandquiteclosetogetherwhentheytalk,oftenmovingtheirfacesevencloserastheywarmupinaconversation.NorthAmericansfindthisawkwardandoftenbackawayafewinches.Studieshavefoundthattheytendtofeelmostcomfortableatabout12inchesapart.InmuchofAsiaandAfrica,there’sevenmorespacebetweentwospeakersinconversation.Thisgreaterspacesubtlylendsanairofdignityandrespect.Thismatterofspaceisnearlyalwaysunconscious,butitisinterestingtoobserve.Thisdifferenceappliesalsototheclosenesswithwhichpeoplesittogether,theextenttowhichtheyleanoveroneanotherinconversation,howtheymoveastheyargueormakeanemphatic(強調(diào)的)point.IntheUnitedStates,forexample,peopletrytokeeptheirbodiesaparteveninacrowdedelevator;inParistheytakeitasitcomes!AlthoughNorthAmericanshavearelativelywide“comfortzone”fortalking,theycommunicateagreatdealwiththeirhands—notonlywithgesturebutalsowithtouch.Theyputasympathetichandonaperson’sshouldertodemonstratewarmthoffeelingoranarmaroundhiminsympathy;theypatanarminreassuranceorstrokeachild’sheadinfondness;theyreadilytakesomeone’sarmtohelphimacrossastreetordirecthimalonganunfamiliarroute.Tomanypeople–especiallythosefromAsiaortheMuslimcountries—suchbodilycontactisunwelcome,especiallyifdonewiththelefthand.ThelefthandcarriesnospecialsignificanceintheUnitedStates.ManyAmericansaresimpleleft-handedandusethathandmore.40.WhatwouldmostprobablyhappenwhenaGreekmeetsaNorthAmerican?A.TheGreekkeeps12inchesapartfromtheNorthAmerican.B.TheGreekcankeepacomfortabledistancewiththeNorthAmerican.C.TheNorthAmericanacceptstheGreekdistancewhentheybecomefriends.D.TheNorthAmericankeepsbackingawaywhiletheGreekskeepsmovingcloser.41.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheFrenchmen_________.A.movecloserwhentheywanttoemphasizeapointB.usemorebodylanguagetointeractwithothersC.sitfartherapartwhentheytalkinalargeroomD.Don’tmindbodilycontactinacrowdedelevator42.Touchingwiththelefthandisregardedas__________intheMuslimcountries.A.ameaninglessgestureB.anoffendingactionC.anunintentionalmistakeD.anill-intentionedjoke【答案】40.D41.D42.B【解析】【分析】本篇是一篇說明文。每個人都有與對方談話接觸時的“舒適區(qū)”，每個國家的對于“舒適區(qū)”的距離也是不一樣的。文章具體介紹了幾個國家的人站著，坐著以及談話時的“舒適區(qū)”的差異。【40題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Greeksnormallystandquiteclosetogetherwhentheytalk,oftenmovingtheirfacesevencloserastheywarmupinaconversation.NorthAmericansfindthisawkwardandoftenbackawayafewinches（當希臘人在談話的時候，他們通常站的十分近，當他們在談話中想暖場的時候，通常會把臉貼的更近，然而北美人卻覺得這很令人尷尬，并通常會往后退幾英尺）”可知，希臘人就喜歡近距離站著，然而北美人卻喜歡距離拉得遠一點，故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“IntheUnitedStates,forexample,peopletrytokeeptheirbodiesaparteveninacrowdedelevator;inParistheytakeitasitcomes!比如說，在美國，人們會盡量讓身體保持一定的距離，甚至是在擁擠的電梯里。但是在巴黎，只要電梯來了，人們就會上電梯，不管它是否擁擠）”可知，法國人并不像美國人那樣要保持一定的距離，在擁擠的電梯里，不介意身體接觸。故選D?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“theyreadilytakesomeone’sarmtohelphimacrossastreetordirecthimalonganunfamiliarroute.Tomanypeople–especiallythosefromAsiaortheMuslimcountries—suchbodilycontactisunwelcome,especiallyifdon