大學英語六級考試模擬試卷十七（帶答案）

大學英語六級考試模擬試卷十七

（總分：710.00,做題時■間：130分鐘）

PartIWriting（總題數(shù)：1,分數(shù)；0,00）

LDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayto

expressyourviewsonthephenomenonofkeepingpetsindormitories.Youshould

writeatleast160wordsbutnomorethan200words.

（分數(shù)：106.50）

正確答案：（［范文］

PetsShouldnotBeKeptinDormitories

Itisfrequentlyreportedthatsomecollegestudentskeeppetsintheir

dormitories.Attitudestowardthisphenomenonvaryfrompersontoperson.Some

peoplethinkit'snotabigdeal,whileothersmaintainthat'sunacceptable.Asforme,I

supportthelatter.

Firstofall,keepingpetsmightimperilourhealthbecausepetsmaycarrysome

potentialbacteriawhichcanleadtoseriousdiseases.What'smore,somepetssuchas

catsmayattackpeoplealthoughtheyaredocilemostofthetime.Secondly,thereisno

doubtthatitconsumesalotoftimeandmoneyforthekeepertoraiseapet.Thirdly,it

isforbiddentokeeppetsinmostcolleges.Onbalance,weshouldobeytheregulations

andpaymoreattentiontoourstudy.

Toconclude,itisinappropriateforstudentstokeeppetsindormitories.Ifyou

areananimallover,youcandosomethingforthestraycatsordogswhicharevery

easytofindoncampus,）

解析：

PartIIListeningComprehensionf總題數(shù)：0,分數(shù)］0,00）

SectionA（總題數(shù)：8,分數(shù)：0.00）

,Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard,

L（分數(shù)：28.40）

A.Hehasopenedanewaccount,

B.Something'swrongwithhisaccount.J

C.Hebegantopayacarloan.

D.Hehadtodealwithafinancialcrisis.

解析：［聽力原文］

M:Idon'tunderstandit.IgotanoticefromthebankthatIhadtworubber

checks.I'veneverhadanoverdraftbefore,

W:Thatdoesn'tsoundlikeyou.You'realwayssocarefulwithyourmoney.

M:Iam!Idon'tunderstandwhathappened.

W：Letmetakealookatyourbankstatement.OK,hereareyourdepositsand

withdrawalsfromlastmonth.Doyouknowthatyourbankchargesyouafeejustto

haveacheckingaccount?Itlookslikeyoualsohaveaminimumbalancerequirement.

Ifyoufallbelowthat,yougetchargedafee.

M:Idon'tknowthat.

W:Ifit'slikemycheckingaccount,youcanavoidthatbygettingadirectdeposit

foryourpaycheck*Doyoualsoknowthatyougetchargedeverytimeyouuseyour

ATMcardtomakeapurchase?

M:Idon'tknowthat!Itisallratherunbelievable.

W:Well,that'swhathappened.Yourbankischargingyoufeesforallthose

thingsandafterthosefeeswerededucted,youwereleftwithlessmoneyinyour

accountthanyouthought.

M:That'stoomuch!Howcouldtheydothat?

W:Theycountonyounotreadingthetermsandconditionsandnotlooking

closelyatyourstatements,

M:I'vehadit!I'mmovingbanks.

Whathappenedtotheman?

,Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

5.（分數(shù)：28.40）

A.Thebuildingwiththelogshape.

B.Thetraditionallogcabin.J

C.Theseniorhomeswithlogs.

D.Theblockingbeamsandwalls,

解析：［聽力原文］

M:Asweprobablyknow,logstructuresaregainingpopularity.Wecanfind

thosestructuresaroundthecountryside.

W:Actually,logstructuresarenolongerjustthesimplecountryhomesthatwe

thinkofasthetraditionallogcabin.Someseniorhomesnowincorporatenaturalround

logsinblockingbeamsandwalls.

M:Peopleseemtothinkthattheroundlogsgivetheirhomesapleasantwarm

atmosphere.

W:Yes,andevenpeoplewhowanttobuildatraditionallogcabinontheirown

canbuyequipmentwithprecutlogsthatfittogetherlikepiecesofpuzzle.

M:Beforeshowingussomeslidesofmodernloghouses,wouldyouliketogive

usalittlehistoricalbackgroundonthesubject?

W:Ofcourse,Iwouldliketo.Logcabinswerefirstbuiltinthelate1600salong

theDelawareRiverValley.TheEuropeanimmigrantswhosettledtherebrought

centuries'oldtraditionsofworkingwithlogs,

M:Inthatheavilywoodedarealogswerethematerialinhand.

W:Logcabinswerethemostpopularintheearly1800swiththesettlerswho

weremovingwest.Theyprovidedtheanswertothepioneers'needforasaleand

slidingboardsforwindows.

M:Actually,theselogbuildingscanmeetthedemandsofdifferentkindsof

people.

W:Well,thelogbuildingsthathaveprobablymostinfluenceonmodern

architectsarethoseofthemountainretreatsofwealthyNewYorkers.Thesecountry

houseswhichwerepopularintheearly1900srepresentwhat'sknownasthemodern

style.

M:Thankyouforyourdescription.Nowlet'slookatthoseslides.

Whatdidthelogstructuresrefertooriginally?

SectionB（總題數(shù)：7,分數(shù):0,0。）

.Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

1.（分數(shù)：28.40）

A.Stoptobuyanumbrella.

B.Runquicklythanusual.

C.Findshelterfromrain.

D.Walkatnormalspeed.J

解析：【聽力原文］

Whencaughtinpouringrainwithoutanumbrella,mostpeoplepickuptheir

pace.Butanoldtaleadvisesthatapersonwhorunsintheraingetswetterthanone

whowalks.Itsoundsreasonablethatwhensomeonerunsupanddown,thebodyis

exposedtomoredropsofwaterButseveralstudieshaveputthissayingtothetestand

founditisnottrue.Onesuchtestwascarriedoutin1987andwaspublishedin

EuropeanJournalofPhysicsmagazine.TheItalianphysicistwhodidtheexperiment

saidthatifthedistanceisshortenough,runninggetsapersonlesswetthanwalking.

Butrunningonlykeepsyouabout10percentdrierThatistosay,runningisn'tworth

theeffort.PerhapsthefinalwordcamefromtwoAmericanscientistsattheNational

ClimaticDataCenterrecently.Theythoughtthatearlierstudiesoverestimatedthe

averagewalkingpace.So,theydidamuchmorecarefulexperimentthananyofthe

previousones.Theynoticedthatthedirectionofthewindreallymatterstotheresults

oftheexperiment.Theyalsofoundthatrunnersliketoleanforward,hidingthefront

oftheirbodiesfromrain,butexposingtheback.Overadistanceof100meters,they

foundthatrunninginheavyrainkeptthemdrierbyasmuchas40percent.Thebottom

lineisrunningintherainprobablykeepsyoudrierthanwalking.Butdorememberto

takeanumbrellawithyou!Forlongdistances,withoutanumbrella,theresultsarethe

same,nomatteryourunorwalk.

Whatshouldpeopledowhencaughtintherainaccordingtotheoldtale?

,Questions13to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard,

5.（分數(shù)：2130）

AJtstillcanbeused.J

BJtwillbreakdown.

CJtshouldbethrownaway.

D.ltwillbecomebent.

解析：［聽力原文］

Supposesomeoneinventedagiftcardsoversatile（多功能的）thatitcouldbe

usedalmostanywheretobuyalmostanything.Thisgiftcardwouldbegoodforever

andwouldbeacceptedinmanyforeigncountries.Youcouldbenditinhalf——oreven

leaveitinthepocketofyourtrunks（男式游泳褲）whenyouwentforaswimandit

wouldstillworkfine.Waitaminute.Somebodyalreadyinventedthatgo-anywheregift

card.It'scalledcash.Cashhashugeadvantagesovergiftcards.There'sbeenabig

troubleaboutgiftcardfees,soCongresseventuallysteppedintolimitthem.Anda

sizablechunkofgiftcardvalue——estimatesrangebetween5%and10%—nevergets

fullyused.Thesearen'tissuesthatcomewithcash.Sowhyhavegiftcardsgrownin

popularitywhenwealreadyhavesomethingbettersittinginourwallets?Theanswer

isacombinationofconsumerpsychologyandopportunisticretailersandcardissuers.

Consumersseegivingcashassilly,andretailershavetakenadvantageofthattopush

giftcards.Moststorecardsdon'thavefeesanymore.Theyhaveadifferentproblem.

You'recommittedtousethecardatadesignatedstore.AndanewNationalRetail

Federationsurveyfindsthatshoppersexpecttospendabitlessonholidaygiftcards

thisyear.

Whatwillhappenifthemultifunctiongiftcardfallsintowater?

SectionC（總題數(shù):10,分數(shù)：0.00）

,Questions16to19arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard,

L（分數(shù)；56.80）

A.Thefactorsthataffectourdecision-making.

B,Somewaystodevelopourskillsandtalents,J

C,Someguidelinesonhuntingpart-timejobs.

D.Theadviceonhowtobeversatile.

解析：［聽力原文］

Howevergiftedsomeonemaybe,heorshestillhadtodevelopvarioustalents

toachievealoftyprofessionalposition.Andthat*sgoodnewsfortherestofus.Each

oneofushasourownskillsandtalents,andwetoocandevelopthemandpropel

ourselvesintopositionsofinfluence.Herearesomewaystoenhancethosetalents.

First,developyourcriticaldecision-makingskills.Decision-makingisatop

leadershipcompetencybecauseitpopsupeverywhere,fromthesimplechoiceof

wheretoholdastaffmeetingtothestrategicoptionofwheretospendmarketing

dollars.Thesedecisionsimpactthepeopleinthenextcubicle（小隔間）,buttheymay

alsoaffectasubsidiary（了公司）halfwayacrosstheglobeoranentirecountry.

Decisivenessisnotatraitwe'rebornwith-it'saskillthatcanbelearned.To

masterit,analyzeyourprocessofcriticaldecision-makingtospotweaklinksinyour

reasoningandtorecognizeunconsciousbiasesfororagainstsomethingorsomeone.

Whilewecan'tcontroloutcomes,wecanshapetheprocessthatsetstheminmotion.

Second,learntomakeasolidargument.

YoumayneveraddresstheUnitedNationsSecurityCouncilortestifybefore

Congress,buteveryoneshouldbeabletoputtogetheracoherentargument.Thatskill

iscriticallyandfrequentlyuseful-----inhigh-stakesconversations,presentations,

question-and-answersessionsandinotherdiscussionswithdecision-makersoranyone

elsewhorepresentsacertainviewpointorasksyoutoexplainyours.

Toarguemeanstogivereasons.Itmeansdefendingandpromotingyourchoices

againstthecontraryargumentsofequallyadeptinfluencers.Takewhatyou'velearned

inschoolandbuildonthatbasewithprivateinstructionanddirectedreadingonthe

relevantsubject.You'llfindthatyourabilitytothinkcriticallyandanalyzeothers'

argumentswilldramaticallyincreaseyourinfluenceontheirchoices.

Third,becomeastoryteller.

Storytellinghasbeenapremier（首要的）toolininfluencingpeopleacross

culturesanderas.Influencerstellstoriesforstrategicpurposes.Frommotivating

peopletoact,toteaching,toreducingresistanceandchangingminds,awell-told

narrativeisaformidableforce,oftenfarmorepowerfulthanthemererecitationof

complexfinancialortechnicalfacts.Numbersandfiguresareimportant,butwhenit

comestoshowingtheirrelationshiptoanyissue,largeorsmall,astrategicnarrative

wrappedaroundthedigitswilldeliverthemessagebetterandmorememorablythan

anythingelse.

Afteryoumasterthedata,askyourself:Isthereawaytoputahumanfaceon

mymessage?Aretherereal-lifeexamplesthatwillhelpmemakemypointinaway

otherscanrelateto?

Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?

.Questions20to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

5.（分數(shù)；42,60）

A.Parentsneverasktheirchildrenforadvice.

B.Parentsalwaysgivetheirchildrenconstructiveadvice.

C.Mostteenagersseldomfollowtheirparents'advice.J

D.Mostteenagershavegotgoodadvicefromtheirparents.

解析：［聽力原文］

Today,Iamgoingtotalktoyousomethingaboutadvice.Adviceisafunnything.

Somepeopleseemtohaveaconstantsurplusofit,andofferitnonstoptothose

aroundthem,evenwhenitisunsolicitedorunwelcome.

Othersareonthereceivingendoflotsofadvicefromothers,buttheyrarely

takeanyofit.

Averycommonexampleofnaskhole"behavioroccursintheteenageyears.

Teenagers'parentscanbecomeconstantbroadcastersofadvice,andtheyoungerfolks

developevermoresophisticatedskillsforappearingtolistenwhileactuallyturning

downthevolumeoftheincomingmessagestonearlyzero.Inmostcases,teenagers

rarelyfollowtheirparents'advice.

I'veheardexperiencedparentswhosechildrenarenowfullygrown,saythat

evenwhenteenagersseemtobeinatunnelwhichparentalcommunicationsignals

seemunabletopenetrate,parentsshouldstillkeeponofferingtheirunsolicited

wisdom,perspectives,andadvice.Thetheorygoes,thatevenintheabsenceof

acknowledgement,letaloneagreement,acertaindegreeofthemessagestillseeps

throughinthelongrun.

Ontheotherhand,likealladvice,thisdependsonthetoneandmodeofdelivery.

Thereisafinelinebetweenadvice?forexample,andnagging.Somepeopletendto

takegoodadviceanddeliveritinsuchawaythatitsoundslike,andisheardas?nagging.

Advicetransformedintonaggingisusuallyexcessivelyrepetitive,criticalratherthan

constructiveintone,sometimescondescending（屈尊）'andusuallyaone-waystreet.

Youmaygiveyouradvicewithoutaninvitationforfeedbackorresponsesuchas"What

doyouthink?11

Theteenager-parentcontextisasomewhatspecialone,butgivingandreceiving

advicepervadesourprofessionalandpersonallives.Ifyouthinkaboutyourfriendsand

associates,theyprobablyincludepeoplewhoeithergivetoomuchadvice,includingon

subjectswheretheirexpertiseisdoubtful,orofferadviceinanunhelpfultone,e.g.

bossyorcondescending.You'llprobablyalsofindfriendsandassociateswhoignored

someverygoodadviceandgotthemselvesintoaverydifficultsituationasaresult.It

isnotinstinctiveforustoaskforadvice.Therearefaceissuesinvolved,andpotential

embarrassment,especiallyintheworkplace.Ontheotherhand,wedenyourselvesa

lotoflearningopportunitiesandweareafraidtoaskadvicefromthosewithricher

experiencethanwehave.

Whatcanbelearnedaboutteenagersandtheirparents?

,Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

8.(分數(shù)：42.60)

AJheyaremoreimportantthanprofessionalskills.

BTheyimproveyourpersonalrelationship,

CTheymakeyouinvaluabletoemployers.J

D.Theyhelplittlewithtechnologyarea.

解析：［聽力原文］

Here'saquestionforyou.Whataretheliberalarts?Theliberalartsrefertoa

widerangeofacademicsubjectsthatcanpreparestudentsforavarietyofoccupations.

Collegemajorsthatfallunderthiscategorydonottypicallytrainstudentsfor

anyonecareer.Itincludesbroadareasofstudysuchasthehumanities,socialsciences,

naturalsciencesandmathematics.Thehumanitiesincludesubjectssuchasdrama,

music,danceandlanguage.Sociology,psychology,geographyandeconomicsareall

socialsciences.Biologyandphysicsaretwoexamplesofnaturalsciences.

Regardlessofthecareeryouchoose,certainqualitiescalledsoftskillswillmake

youinvaluabletoemployersandarevitaltoyoursuccessinmanyoccupationsincluding

thoseintechnology.Theyincludecriticalthinking,problemsolving,creativityand

innovation,researchskills,writingandoralcommunication,interpersonalskillsandthe

abilitytolearn.

Youmayalreadyhavesomeoftheseabilities,butyoumustfindawaytoacquire

thoseyoudon't.Thebestwaytodothatisthroughliberalartseducation.Regardless

ofyourmajor,makeroominyourscheduleforclassesinliterature,history,sociology

andpsychology.

Thesecondquestionis:shouldyoumajorinliberalarts?

ThereisroomforbothSTEM(Science,Technology,EngineeringandMath)and

liberalartsintheeducationofourfutureworkforce.Studentsshouldbeexposedto

bothareasofstudy,butwemustalsorealizethatthereisasuitablecareerforeveryone.

Youmayfindthatacareerthatemphasizestheliberalartsisabetterfitforyouwhile

yourbestfriendmayfindsuccessinaSTEMoccupation.

Ifyouwanttopursueacareerthatrequiresyoutogetanundergraduatedegree

inoneofthesubjectsthatfallsunderthiscategory,youshouldcertainlydothat.Ifyou

willultimatelyneedamaster'sdegreeforyourchosenoccupation,youmayhavesome

flexibilityregardingyourundergraduatemajor.Choosingaliberalarts

majorwillallowyoutonotonlyamassthesoftskillsthatwillfollowyouthrough

graduateschoolandyourfuturecareer,butitwillalsoexposeyoutoknowledgeina

widerangeofsubjects.

Whatcanbelearnedaboutsoftskills?

PartIIIReadingComprehension（總題數(shù)：0,分數(shù)：0.00）

SectionA（總題數(shù)：10,分數(shù)：0.00）

.Facebookiscrackingdownoncryptocurrencies（力廿密數(shù)字貨幣）byusingone

ofitsmostpowerfultools:accesstoitsmassiveadvertisingmegaphone（宣傳）.The

socialnetworkinggiantsaidonTuesdaythatitwillnot1adsforfinancialproductsthat

"arefrequentlyassociatedwithmisleadingordeceptivepromotionalpractices,"

specifically2currenciesand"initialcoinofferings,"afundraising（籌款的）tacticthat

newcryptocurrenciesusetoattractfreshinvestors."Wewantpeopletocontinueto

discoverandlearnaboutnewproductsandservicesthroughFacebookadswithoutfear

of3ordeception,"wroteRobLeathern,aproductmanagementdirectoratFacebook,

inablogpost.

Thespectacular4inpriceslastyearofbitcoinandmanyalternative

cryptocurrencieshassparkedasurgeofinterestamonginvestorsandcompaniesofall

kinds.Therampancyhasledtoschemesthat,insomecase,promisetriple-digitreturns

andhave5theinvestigationoftheSecuritiesandExchangeCommission（SEC）.

"Marketprofessionals,especiallygatekeepers,needtoact6andholdthemselvesto

highstandards,"SECChairmanJayClaytonsaidinrecentspeech."Tobefrank,from

whatIhaveseenrecently,7intheinitialcoinofferingspace,theycandobetter."

Facebookprovidedanumberofexamplestoillustrateitsnewpolicy,suchas

ad8thatadvisesuserstoconverttheirretirementfundsintobitcoinorpromotionsfor

"no-risk"cryptocurrencies.

TheannouncementcomesweeksafterFacebookchiefexecutiveMark

Zuckerbergacknowledgedthepotentialofcryptocurrenciesto9powerawayfrom

"centralizedsystems.""Theycomewiththeriskofbeinghardertocontrol,"Zuckerberg

saidinaFacebookpost."I'minterestedtogodeeperandstudythepositiveand

negativeaspectsofthesetechnologies,andhowbesttousethemin

10

A.attractedF.eliminateK.scams

B.authorizeG.essentialL.services

C.captureH.increaseM.simultaneously

D.copy1.particularlyN.strategy

E.displayJ.responsibly0.virtual（分數(shù)：35.50）

1.（分數(shù)：3.55）

填空項1:（正確答案：E）

解析：動詞辨析題。由結構willnotdosth.結構可知，空格處應填入動詞

原形。根據(jù)首句可知，臉書正在利用廣告宣傳手段嚴厲打擊加密數(shù)字貨幣。本句進一

步解釋，它不會對經常做具有誤導性或欺騙性促銷活動的金融產品做廣告。結合備選

動詞原形可以推斷出，display〃展示”符合題意，故為答案。

2（分數(shù)：3.55）

填空項1:（正確答案：0）

解析：形容詞辨析題。由空格后名詞currencies可推知，空格處應填入形容詞作

定語。空格后and表示并列關系，initialcoinofferings"首次代幣發(fā)行”使用的是虛擬

貨幣，故and之前的短語currencies應與其意思相近。結合備

選項可以推斷出，virtual“虛擬的”符合題意，故為答案。

3.（分數(shù)：3.55）

填空項1:（正確答案：K）

解析：名詞辨析題。分析句子結構可知，空格前為介詞of,空格處需填入名詞，與

withoutfearof構成短語，作狀語?？崭窈髈r表示并列關系，deception意思是“欺騙

”,空格處語義應與其相似，應為貶義。結合備選項可以推斷出，scams"騙局，詭計”

符合題意，故為答案。

4.（分數(shù)：3.55）

填空項1：（正確答案：H）

解析：名詞辨析題。分析句子結構可知，空格處所在短語作句子主語，形容詞

spectacular修飾主語中心詞，所以空格處應填入名詞。根據(jù)句意可知，各類投資者和

投資公司對bitcoin"比特幣”和許多其他的加密數(shù)字貨幣的興趣激增，由此可以推斷出

這種現(xiàn)象的原因是數(shù)字貨幣價格上漲。結合備選項，increase"增力n,增多”符合題意，

故為答案。

5.（分數(shù)：3.55）

填空項1:（正確答案：A）

解析：動詞辨析題。分析句子結構可知，that引導的定語從句中，第一個謂語動

詞為promise,第二個謂語動詞用了現(xiàn)在完成時結構，因此空格處應填入動詞的過去分

詞形式。根據(jù)句意可知，比特幣等數(shù)字貨幣的過分繁榮已經導致高回報騙局的出現(xiàn)，

這必然會引起美國證券交易委員會的關注和調查。結合備選項可以推斷出,attracted"吸

引”符合題意，故為答案?？忌枰⒁獾氖牵揪渲械膕chemes并不是“計劃，規(guī)

劃”的意思，而是“陰謀，詭計”。

6.（分數(shù)：3.55）

填空項1：（正確答案：J）

解析：副詞辨析題?？崭袼诰渥又兄鞲沙煞滞暾崭袂癮ct為動詞，空格處

應填入副詞。根據(jù)前文可知，虛擬數(shù)字貨幣存在隱患。本句中美國證券交易委員會主

席杰伊?克萊頓在演講中提出改進要求：市場專業(yè)人員做事要，對自己堅持高標準。結

合備選項可以推斷出,responsibly"可靠地，可以信賴地”符合題意，故為答案。

7.（分數(shù)：3.55）

填空項1：（正確答案：I）

解析：副詞辨析題。分析句子結構可知，空格所在的句子是對上一句的承接，空

格前面是逗號，后而是介詞短語，空格處可填入副詞。根據(jù)句意可知，杰伊?克萊頓在

上一句表明市場專業(yè)人員做事要有責任心，對他們自己堅持高標準。這里進一步地表

明他的所見所感：在代幣方面，他們可以做得更好。結合備選項可以推斷出，

particularly特別，尤其”符合題意，故為答案。

8.（分數(shù)：3.55）

填空項1:（正確答案：D）

解析：名詞辨析題。分析句子結構可知，空格處是舉例內容，后面接定語從句對

其進一步解釋，or后面的pr。m。ti。ns與其并列，空格處應填入名詞。根據(jù)句意可知，

臉書提供許多例了來說明它的新政策，這些例了包括建議用戶將退休金投資比特幣的

廣告或“無風險”的加密數(shù)字貨幣的促銷活動。結合備

選項可以推斷出，copy"稿件”符合題意，故為答案。adcopy即“廣告文案”。

9.（分數(shù)：3.55）

填空項1:（正確答案：C）

解析：動詞辨析題。分析句子結構可知，t。與空格處一起構成不定式結構，作

potential的定語，空格處應填入動詞原形。根據(jù)句意可知，這里是臉書首席執(zhí)行官馬

克寸L克伯格對加密數(shù)字貨幣的看法，他認為加密數(shù)字貨幣有可能從“集中性的體制”

權力。結合備選項可以推斷出，capture〃奪取，奪得”符合題意，故為答案。

10.（分數(shù)：3.55）

填空項1:（正確答案：L）

解析：名詞辨析題?？崭袂笆切稳菰~性物主代詞our,因此空格處應填入名詞。根

據(jù)句意可知，扎克伯格提到加密數(shù)字貨幣存在難以控制的風險，以后會深入研究它們

的利弊，使之更好地應用于我們的。結合備選項可以推斷出，services"服務”符合題

意，故為答案。

SectionB（總題數(shù)：10,分數(shù)：0.00）

Yourweightaffectshowlongyoulive一butit'sextremelycomplicated

A.Weoftenthinkaboutweightlossintheshortterm,hopingtodrop5

poundsintimeforvacationor10intimeforawedding.Ofcourse,thiskindofyo-yo

dietingisn'tthegreatestforourhealth.Ifyou'regoingtoaskhowmuchyoushould

weigh,youwanttothinklongterm一whatweightwillkeepyouhealthy?

B.Thisquestionhasbeenattheforefrontofresearchers1mindsforawhile,

andforgoodreason.Globalobesityratesarehighandsteadilyincreasing,with1.3

billionadultsconsideredoverweightand600millionintheweightrangecategorizedas

obese.

C.Whileit*struethatmuscleweighsmorethanfat,mostpeoplewhoare

carryingaroundafewextrapoundsaredoingsointheformofadipose（月旨肪的）

tissue.Unlikeboneandmuscle,fatcellscangenerateinflammation（炎癥）,allowing

ustohealinfectionsandprotectourbodiesfromfurtherdamage.Buthavingtoomany

fatcellscausesourbodiestoreleaseinflammatoryproteinsallthetime.Manystudies

indicatethiscanincreaseourriskofdevelopingcancer.

D.Carryingaroundextrafatcellsalsoaffectsotherphysiologicalpathways,

manyofwhich一highbloodpressure,hyperglycemia（高血糖證）,andhigh

cholesterol,forexample——canleadtopotentiallyfatalheartproblems.

E.Weallneedsomeamountofbodyfat.Sohowmuchistoomuch?Using

BMI（bodymassindex,thebodymassdividedbythesquareofthebodyheight）and

ratesofoverallmortality,scientistsstudyingthisquestioninitiallycametoasurprising

conclusion:Onapopulationlevel,therelationshipbetweenBMIandmortalityformed

aU-shapedcurve,inwhichthelowestpoint（theonewheremortalitywasatitslowest）

wasactuallyataBMIrangeconsiderednearlyoverweight（about24.5,when25is

overweight）.Bringonallthehealthyfatsandcarbs（含碳水化合物的食物）.

F.Butsomescientists一includingAndrewStokes,achronicdiseaseandglobal

healthresearcheratBostonUniversity-----challengedthoseconclusions.Insteadofa

U-shapedcurve,hisgroup'sfollow-upstudiessawtheriskofmortalityincreasewith

higherBMIs.Thelowestriskcategory,hesays,issomewhereinthelow-normalweight

range,andriskincreasesprettyconsistentlyasBMIgoesup.

G.Theearlierstudiesfailedtoaccountfortwoimportantfactors,according

toStokes."Thenormalweightcategoryusedinmostofthestudiescombineslow-risk,

stableweightpeoplewithhigh-riskindividualswhohavelostweight,"hesays.Ifastudy

subjectspendsmostofhislifeobeseandthenlosesweight,hemightaccumulateyears

ofnegativehealtheffects.Notallofthoserisksdisappearwithweightloss."Muchof

theresearchonobesityjustusesasnapshot(簡要描述)ofweightcurrently,"says

Stokes.

H.Stokesequatesthistothewaywestudysmoking.Youcan'tsimplycompare

non-smokerstosmokers.Non-smokersincludethosewhohaveneversmokedaswell

asthosewhomayhavesmokedforseveraldecadesandthenquit.

I.AndsmokingitselfisanothercrucialfactorintheseBMIstudies,Stokessays.

Smokingcanpresentahugebiasinestimatingrisksassociatedwithobesity,because

thehabitaffectsbodyweightthroughmetaboliceffectsandreducedappetite.By

failingtotakesmokingintoaccount,youranalysismayincludepeoplewhohavealow

bodyweightbutsmokeheavily,uppingtheirchanceofanearlydeath.Oncethose

outliersareremoved,Stokesandhiscolleaguesargue,therelationshipbetweenexcess

bodyweightandearlymortalityisclear.

J.Ofcourse,therangefornormalBMIisprettybroad.Forexample,someone

whois5'4"hasanormalBMIiftheyweighanywherefrom108poundsto145pounds.

Ifwewanttoknowwhichsliveroftherangeisactuallybest,Stokessays,researchers

havealotmoreworktodo.

K.Andthenthere'sthequestionofwhetherBMIistherightmetrictouseat

all.BMIisoftencriticizedasapoorindicatorofhealth.Becausemuscleweighsmore

thanfat,aweightliftercouldhaveaBMIintheoverweightrange,andthat*stosay

nothingofalltheothervariationsthehumanformcantake.Eventwofolkswiththe

sameBMIandthesameamountofactualbodyfatmightfacedifferentrisksdueto

theiradipose,ifonecarriesmoreintheirbellyandtheotherstoresmoreintheirhips.

StudiesthatcompareBMItosuperiormethodsliketheDexascan,atypeofX-raythat

candetermineexactlyhowmuchbodyfatyouhaveandwhere,showthatthepotential

misclassificationisnottrivial.ButStokesa