備戰(zhàn)2025年高考英語易錯題（新高考專用）易錯點(diǎn)16 閱讀理解：詞義猜測題（4大陷阱）-備戰(zhàn)2024年高考英語考試易錯題含答案

備戰(zhàn)2025年高考英語易錯題（新高考專用）易錯點(diǎn)16閱讀理解：詞義猜測題（4大陷阱）-備戰(zhàn)2024年高考英語考試易錯題含答案易錯點(diǎn)16閱讀理解詞義猜測題目錄01易錯陷阱（3大陷阱）02舉一反三【易錯點(diǎn)提醒一】詞義/詞組指代易混易錯點(diǎn)【易錯點(diǎn)提醒二】代詞指代猜測易混易錯點(diǎn)【易錯點(diǎn)提醒三】句意猜測易混易錯點(diǎn)03易錯題通關(guān)易錯陷阱1：詞義/詞組指代易混易錯點(diǎn)?！痉治觥窟@類題錯誤主要因?yàn)榛A(chǔ)詞匯量積累和詞根詞綴積累不足，根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法猜詞是閱讀理解必不可少的能力。平時應(yīng)當(dāng)大量積累單詞，同時利用前后的同位關(guān)系或后面的詞義或句意進(jìn)行猜測。易錯陷阱2：代詞指代猜測易混易錯點(diǎn)?！痉治觥块喿x材料中的每個詞與它前面的詞語或句子甚至段落都有著密切的關(guān)聯(lián)。有時代詞與指代的對象相隔較遠(yuǎn)，應(yīng)當(dāng)對前面提到的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié)，認(rèn)真查找，才能得出代詞所指代的事。易錯陷阱3：句意猜測易混易錯點(diǎn)。【分析】此類題型應(yīng)當(dāng)定位畫線句子，充分利用語法和邏輯關(guān)系分析原句。同時分析理解畫線句前后的語境，合理歸納總結(jié)找出與原句意思相同的選項(xiàng)并代入畫線處驗(yàn)證。切不可因?yàn)榫渲谐霈F(xiàn)熟詞，而脫離語境，望文生義?！疽族e點(diǎn)提醒一】詞義/詞組指代易混易錯點(diǎn)【例1】（湖南省常德市臨澧一中2023-2024學(xué)年高三階段試題）SheprogrammedanIBM7030Stretchcomputer,providingfastercalculationsforanaccurateEarthmodel.ThisdetailedmathematicalmodeloftheshapeoftheEarthwasabuildingblockforwhatwouldbecometheGPSorbit.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“abuildingblock”inparagraph5mean?A．Abasicpart. B．Adetailedmap.C．Abuildingmaterial. D．Amajorobstacle.【變式1】（吉林省長春市第二實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三試題）Alistenerwhoseheadisinsome“sweetspot”hearshigh-qualitysound.Butasonegelsfartherfromthesweetspot,thesounddiminishes.That’sbecausesoundwavesfromdifferentloudspeakersinteracttocancelouteachother’ssound.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diminishes”inparagraph4probablymean?A．Becomeslower. B．Travelsfaster.C．Getssweeter. D．Soundsnicer.【變式2】（湖北省高中名校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三聯(lián)合測評試題）Actually,untilherpregnancyQuarleshadbeenlivingatbreakneckspeed.Itwentsountillastyear.“Iwasexhausted,”shesays.“I’dbeenworkingthreejobs,doingmycharityandgoingnonstop.Iwasafraidmymentalhealthwasgettingworse.”......Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“breakneck”underlinedinparagraph2?A．Safeandslow. B．Fastanddangerous.C．Excitingandterrifying. D．Gentleandcomfortable.【變式3】（廣東省揭陽市普寧市第一中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三試題）Inearly2021,Ihitarutinmystudies.AsadoctoralcandidateattheUniversityofChicagoinIllinois,Iworkedtodesignsafer,moreeffectivematerialsforvaccinedelivery.AlthoughIhadbeenproductiveearlyinmygraduatecareer,mylonghoursandhardworkwerenolongertranslatingintosuccessinthelaboratory,andIfelthopelessaboutachievingmygoals.Somethinghadtochange.......Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“hitarut”inparagraph1mean?A．Stoppedprogressingsmoothly. B．Hadveryslowreactions.C．Acceptedhardwork’svalue. D．Overcameabigproblem.【易錯點(diǎn)提醒二】代詞指代猜測易混易錯點(diǎn)【例2】（安徽省皖江名校聯(lián)盟2023年高三聯(lián)考）ThecreatorsofthewallhopeitwillbringanurgentlyneededsolutiontothethreatsfacingtheAfricancontinent,creating10millionjobsinruralareas,aswellaspreventing250milliontonsofcarbon.TheinitiativeisAfrica-driven,whichforthoseonthecontinent,isvital,andmayholdthekeytosuccess.“TheGreatGreenWall…isaboutownership,andthathasbeenthefailureofdevelopmentaidbecausepeoplewereneveridentifiedwithit,”saidElvisPaulTangam,AfricanUnionCommissionerfortheSaharaandSahelGreatGreenWallInitiative.“Butthistimetheyidentify.Thisistheverythingofus!”Whatdoes“us”underlinedinParagraph3referto?AfricanUnions.B．Alladvocates. C．Landowners. D．AllAfricans.【變式2】（湖南省常德市第一中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三試題）RegulatorylimitsforhowmuchPFASfoodpackagingshouldcontaincanvarygreatly.Forinstance,anewlawinCaliforniasetthelimitatlessthan100ppm.“ComparedtoAmerica,Denmarksetsamuchlowerregulatorylimitof20ppmwithgreatsuccess,”saidXeniaTrier,anexpertattheEuropeanEnvironmentAgency.“Itdoesworktosetlimitsandenforcethem.PFASdomigratefromthepaperintothefood.Eventhoughitwasnot100%,westillsawconsiderabletransmission.Ingeneral,transmissionfrompackagingtofoodisincreasedasthetemperatureofthefoodrises.Itisthesamewiththetimespentinwrappingmaterials.”TriertoldNBS,oneofthemajorAmericanmass-mediacompanies.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinparagraph4?A．Considerablemigrationofgreaseandwater.B．PFAStransmissionfrompackagingtofood.C．Wrapperexposuretohighfoodtemperature.D．Regulatorylimitsconcerningfoodpackaging.【變式3】（2023年全國高三專項(xiàng)練習(xí)）Attheendofeachday,theparticipantsshowedhighactivityinabrainareacalledthemidbrain.Thescientistswereinterestedintwo,smallareaswithinit.Bothareasproducedopamine,achemicalthatisimportantincravingandrewards.Thetwoareasactivatedwhenhungryparticipantssawpicturesoftastypizzaorjuicyhamburgers.Afterthevolunteershadbeenisolated,thosebrainareasbecameactivewhentheysawsocialactivitiestheymissed.Itmightbeplayingsportsorchattingwithfriends.......Whatdoestheunderlined“it”inparagraph3referto?A．Amidbrainarea. B．Asocialactivity. C．Avolunteer. D．Ahamburger.【易錯點(diǎn)提醒三】句意猜測易混易錯點(diǎn)【例3】（山東省曲阜師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年質(zhì)量檢測）

Realrichesconsistofwell-developedandheartycapacities(能力)toenjoylife.Mostpeoplearealreadyswamped(淹沒)withthings.Theyeat,wear,goandtalktoomuch.Theyliveintoobigahousewithtoomanyrooms,yettheirhouseoflifeisahut.......Theunderlinedsentenceinthesecondparagraphprobablyimpliesthat______.A．howevermateriallyrich,theyneverseemtobesatisfiedB．howevermateriallyrich,theyremainspirituallypoorC．thoughtheirhouseisbig,theypreferasimplelifeD．thoughtheirhouseisbig,itseemstobeacage【變式1】（浙江省名校協(xié)作體2023-2024學(xué)年高三適應(yīng)性試題）Lastyear,afterawinterofpracticingskiingonthegreentracksforbeginnerseachweek,Aliciawasfrench-fryingherwaydownbluesandevenattemptedherfirstblack.Thatmonthalsowitnessedmevisitingthemountainmoretimesthaninthe15yearscombinedandI’vegotmyselfapartnerforlife.......Whatdoesthefatherimplybysaying“I’vegotmyselfapartnerforlife.”?A．Itisrewardingtolearnnewskills. B．Skiinghasbecomehislifelonghobby.C．Hewillexploremorewithhisdaughter. D．Hisdaughterwillaccompanyhimforever.【變式2】（2022年全國高三專練）Whenyouneedajobverymuch,youmayenduptakingOfcourse,youmayseektasksandresponsibilitiesthatforceyoutolearnsomethingnewortoworkharder.“Youmaybeoperatingonautopilot（習(xí)慣性地）rightnow,butchancesarethatpeopleaboveyouarestressed,”SarahHathornsays.“Takethingsoffyourboss’splateandlethimknowwhichprojectsortasksyouwanttolearnmoreabout.”......Theunderlinedwords“takethingsoffyourboss’splate”mean______.A．drawyourboss’sattention B．shareyourboss’sburdensC．giveyourbossusefuladvice D．a(chǎn)skyourbossforabetterposition【變式3】（2022·湖北孝感高三模擬）AssoonasIstartedpedalingagain,mypantsgotcaughtinthechain,andIfellflatonmyfaceandhitmynose.Sincethathappenedtmygranddaddecidedtocallitadayandtryagainthenextmorning.ThenextmorningIwokeupbrightandearly,andwasveryeagertotrytoridemybike.Mynosefeltbetter,soIwasn’tthatafraidoffallinganymore.......Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinthepassagemean?A．Rememberwhathappenedthisday.B．Maketheauthorfeelhappy.C．Stoppracticingbicycling.D．Goontorideabike.1.（2023年全國甲卷）TerriBoltonisadabhandwhenitcomestoDIY(do-it-yourself).Skilledatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogetherfurniture,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.......Whichisclosestinmeaningto“adabhand”inparagraph1?Anartist. B．Awinner. C．Aspecialist. D．Apioneer.2.（2023年全國乙卷）Inadditiontotheproblemofmiscomprehensionfrombothsides,therearevictoriesaccidentallyordeliberatelytwisted,especiallywhenonlythevictorsknowhowtowrite.Thosewhoareonthelosingsideoftenhaveonlytheirthingstotelltheirstories.TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfricanpeopleofBeninandtheIncas,allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.Whenweconsidercontact(聯(lián)系)betweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conversation”inparagraph3referto?A.Problem. B.History. C.Voice. D.Society.3.（2022年新高考I卷）......WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkontheproject,said:“Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.”LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:“Wearehappytobetakingpartintheproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughasharedinterestandcreativeactivities.”Whatdotheunderlinedwords“embarkon”meaninparagraph7?Improve. B．Oppose. C．Begin. D．Evaluate4.（湖北省部分學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高三起點(diǎn)試題）Usingfirst-of-their-kindobservationsfromtheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope.aUniversityofMinnesotaTwinCities-ledteamlookedmorethan13billionyearsintothepasttodiscoveraunique,minusculegalaxycluster(星系團(tuán))thatgeneratednewstarsatanextremelyhighrateforitssize.Thegalaxyisoneofthesmallesteverdiscoveredatthisdistance—around500millionyearsaftertheBigBang—andcouldhelpastronomerslearnmoreaboutgalaxiesthatwerepresentshortlyaftertheuniversecameintoexistence.......Whatdoestheunderlinedword“minuscule”inparagraphlmean?A．Extremelysmall. B．Remarkablydark.C．Especiallyremote. D．Quitecomplicated.5.（貴州省六盤水市2023-2024學(xué)年高三診斷性檢測題）ButOreosdon’tattractyouwithtastealone;scentshaveahugeimpactontheeatingexperience.WhenyoubiteintoanOreo,chemicalsinthecookiereleaseodorantsintotheairinsideyourmouth.Thesescentsflowtoyournasalcavity(鼻腔),wheretheyinteractwithsmellreceptors(感受器)andenteryourbrain’sdecoding(解碼)process.Yourbrainislikelytofindthosesmellsdelightful,saysCharlesSpence,aprofessorofexperimentalpsychologyattheUK’sUniversityofOxford.Spencesayschocolateandvanillaaretwooftheworld’smostlikedsmells.......Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inthefourthparagraphreferto?Chocolates. B．Chemicals. C．Cookies. D．Scents.（福建省廈門集美中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三10月試卷）“Let’stakeabreak,”partwaythroughthemeeting,mybossstood,saying.“Ineedmorecoffee.”Ipickedupmyemptycup.“Ido,too,”Isaid,andhandedittohimacrossthetable.“Thanks,”Iadded,lookingathimexpectantly.Thebosswasstaggeredforamoment,andthentookthecupfromme.......Whatdoestheunderlinedword“staggered”meaninthesixthparagraph?A．Amused. B．Shocked.C．Depressed. D．Excited.7.（安徽省合肥市第一中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三質(zhì)檢試題）Ifthetestisalreadyset,thebestwaytoprepareforitiswithabatteryofactivitiesthatmostcloselylooklikethetestitself.AndsoastheBigStandardizedTestshavespread,publishershavecrankedoutvarietiesofcoachingworkbooksthatareallcollectionsofshortexcerptsaccompaniedbyasetofmultiplechoicequestions.Insteadofteachingstudentshowtoreadawholebook,weteachthemhowtotakeastandardizedtest.......Whichofthefollowingcanreplacethephrase“crankedout”inparagraph4?charged B．canceled C．changed D．Produced8.(福建省政和縣第一中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三試題)Bennett,57,heldonthrough60tomorrows,farlongerthananypreviouspatientwho’dreceivedaheartfromanotherspecies.Hisremarkablerunofferednewhopethatsuchprocedures,knownasxenotransplantation(異種移植),couldhelprelievetheshortageofreplacementorgans,savingthousandsofliveseachyear.......Whatdoestheunderlinedword“run”inparagraph2referto?A．Donatinghishearttoapatient.B．Performingtheheartoperation.C．Livingfor60daysaftertheoperation.D．Receivinganewheartfromapig.（福建省廈門雙十中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三10月試題）Sincetherewasusuallynotenoughtimeforabystanderpigtobecomeinvolvedintheheatofaconflict,thoughthisdidoccur,DrNorscialookedatwhathappenedinthethreeminutesimmediatelyfollowingafight.Sometimes,hefound,thefightersreconciledwitheachotherontheirown.Themoredistantlyrelatedthefighterswere,themorefrequentlythishappened.DrNorsciaguessedthatrelationsbetweencloserelativesaremoresecuretostartwith,sorebuildingfriendlyrelationsrapidlyislessnecessaryforthem.......Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reconciled”probablymeaninparagraph4?Caughtup. B．Keptintouch. C．Madeup. D．Changedintune.10.（福建省龍巖第一中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三試題）Afterrescuingthelonelyanimal,SamandVerafounditextremelyemotionaltohavetoreleaseherbackoutintothewildtofendforherself—eventhoughtheyknewitwastherightthingtodo.Butafterhavingsuchastrongbondwithananimal,itwasreallydifficulttoseehergo.Theyhadputsomuchtime,effortandenergyintoraisingherbuttoseeherwalkinginaherdofblesboksmadeitallworthwhile.......Whichwordcanbestexplaintheunderlinedword“fend”inthelastparagraph?A．Look. B．Care.C．Search. D．Hunt.11.（河北省衡水市第二中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三9月檢測試題）Inthestudy,theresearcherssoughttounderstandhowthebrainusesthisfollowinginformationtoadjustourperceptionofwhatweinitiallyheard.Todothis,theyconductedaseriesofexperimentsinwhichthesubjectslistenedtoisolatedsyllablesandsimilarlysoundingwords.Theirresultsproducedthreeprimaryfindings:Thebrain’sprimaryauditorycortex(聽覺皮層)issensitivetohowambiguousaspeechsoundisatjust50millisecondsafterthesound’sappearance.Thebrain“replays”previousspeechsoundswhileinterpretingthefollowingones,suggestingre-evaluationastherestofthewordunfolds.Thebrainmakescommitmentstoits“bestguess”ofhowtointerpretthesignalafterabouthalfasecond.......Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thesignal”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Thepreviousspeechsound. B．Thesimilarlysoundingword.C．Theunclearlysoundingword. D．Thefollowingspeechsound.12.（河北省保定市重點(diǎn)高中2023-2024學(xué)年高三試題）Ifyouareofthe“noregrets”schooloflife,youmaythinkthatallthisregretisarecipeforunhappiness.Butthatisn’tthecase.Lettingyourselfbeoverwhelmedbyregretisindeedbadforyou.Butgoingtotheotherextrememaybeevenworse.Toextinguishyourregretsdoesn’tfreeyoufromshameorsorrowbutcausesyoutomakethesamemistakesagainandagain.Totrulygetoverourguiltrequiresthatweputregretinitsproperplace.......Whatdoestheunderlinedword“extinguish”inparagraph2mean?Admit. B．Destroy. C．Treasure. D．Encounter.13.（2024屆浙江省紹興市高三上學(xué)期模擬預(yù)測英語試題）NickVerel,a53-year-oldkidneytransplant(腎臟移植)recipientinOhio,shouldhavebeennearthetopofthelisttoreceiveaCOVID-19vaccine(疫苗).Yetlikemillionsofothers,hewasn’thavinganyluckschedulinganappointment.Nickwouldsitwithcomputersonhislaptryingforhourstobookanappointmentondifferentsites,whichendedupinvainnomatterhowconcentratedhewas.“Ifelthopeless,”Nicksays.ThenheheardaboutZwinggi,a40-year-oldmotherofthreewhowashelpingtosecureappointmentsforvulnerableindividualslikeNick.SohemessagedZwinggionFacebook:Canyouhelp?Thirty-fiveminuteslater,Zwinggireportedback—Nicksuccessfullyhadanappointmenttogetthevaccine.4．Theunderlinedwords“vulnerableindividuals”inparagraph2refertothose______.A．whoaretoooldtobookanappointment. B．whoneedvaccinebadlywithseriousdisease.C．whohavelittleexperiencewithcomputers. D．whohavelittlesparetimewithmanykids.C．AGreatWaytoGettheVaccine D．TheVaccineChaos14.（2023年高三全國專練）Toreducecoffeecupwaste,CupClubisalreadyreplacingmillionsoftakeawaycupsintheUK,whileRecupinGermany,hasperformedadepositsystemthatsimplyaddsasmallextrafeetoanycoffeecupwhichisreturnedtothebuyerafterthecupisdepositedinanyregisteredcollectionpoint.......Whatdoestheword“which”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Acollectionpoint. B．Adepositsystem.C．Asmallextrafee. D．Anycoffeecup.15.（2023年上海高三測試）Londonresolvedtoliveafull,excitinglife.Heoncesaid,“Iwouldratherbeasuperbmeteor(流星),everyatomofmeinmagnificentglow,thanasleepyandpermanentplanet.”Eachday,hepushedhimself.OnceLondondeterminedthathewasgoingtobeawriter,nothingcouldstophim.Hisgoalwastowriteatleastonethousandwordseveryday.Herefusedtostopevenwhenhewassick.Ineighteenyears，thewriterpublishedfifty﹣onebooksandhundredsofarticles.Hewasthebest-sellingandhighest-paidauthorofhisday.Manypeoplealsoconsideredhimtobethebestwriter.WhiteFangandTheCalloftheWildarehismostfamousstoriesandareaboutsurvivingintheAlaskanwilderness.ReaderscanenjoyJackLondon’senergyandhistalentfortellingwonderfulstorieseachtimetheyopenoneofhisnovels.......TheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphindicatesthatJackLondon________.A．isexpertatuniverse. B．a(chǎn)imshighandstrivetosucceed.C．isexcitedaboutlifeinthewildness. D．faceachoicebetweenlifeanddeath.

易錯點(diǎn)16閱讀理解詞義猜測題目錄01易錯陷阱（3大陷阱）02舉一反三【易錯點(diǎn)提醒一】詞義/詞組指代易混易錯點(diǎn)【易錯點(diǎn)提醒二】代詞指代猜測易混易錯點(diǎn)【易錯點(diǎn)提醒三】句意猜測易混易錯點(diǎn)03易錯題通關(guān)易錯陷阱1：詞義/詞組指代易混易錯點(diǎn)。【分析】這類題錯誤主要因?yàn)榛A(chǔ)詞匯量積累和詞根詞綴積累不足，根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法猜詞是閱讀理解必不可少的能力。平時應(yīng)當(dāng)大量積累單詞，同時利用前后的同位關(guān)系或后面的詞義或句意進(jìn)行猜測。易錯陷阱2：代詞指代猜測易混易錯點(diǎn)。【分析】閱讀材料中的每個詞與它前面的詞語或句子甚至段落都有著密切的關(guān)聯(lián)。有時代詞與指代的對象相隔較遠(yuǎn)，應(yīng)當(dāng)對前面提到的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié)，認(rèn)真查找，才能得出代詞所指代的事。易錯陷阱3：句意猜測易混易錯點(diǎn)?！痉治觥看祟愵}型應(yīng)當(dāng)定位畫線句子，充分利用語法和邏輯關(guān)系分析原句。同時分析理解畫線句前后的語境，合理歸納總結(jié)找出與原句意思相同的選項(xiàng)并代入畫線處驗(yàn)證。切不可因?yàn)榫渲谐霈F(xiàn)熟詞，而脫離語境，望文生義?！疽族e點(diǎn)提醒一】詞義/詞組指代易混易錯點(diǎn)【例1】（湖南省常德市臨澧一中2023-2024學(xué)年高三階段試題）SheprogrammedanIBM7030Stretchcomputer,providingfastercalculationsforanaccurateEarthmodel.ThisdetailedmathematicalmodeloftheshapeoftheEarthwasabuildingblockforwhatwouldbecometheGPSorbit.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“abuildingblock”inparagraph5mean?A．Abasicpart. B．Adetailedmap.C．Abuildingmaterial. D．Amajorobstacle.易錯分析：脫離語境，只記得熟詞意思誤選C，應(yīng)根據(jù)for之后句意及上句的意思判斷熟詞生義?！敬鸢浮緼【解析】詞句猜測題。劃線詞句前文“SheprogrammedanIBM7030Stretchcomputer,providingfastercalculationsforanaccurateEarthmodel.(她編寫了一臺IBM7030Stretch計(jì)算機(jī)，為精確的地球模型提供了更快的計(jì)算。)”說明這個數(shù)學(xué)模型是GPS的基礎(chǔ)，從而推知劃線詞句“(這個關(guān)于地球形狀的詳細(xì)數(shù)學(xué)模型是GPS軌道的abuildingblock。)”其中劃線短語應(yīng)為“基石”的意思，與A項(xiàng)同義。故選A項(xiàng)。【變式1】（吉林省長春市第二實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三試題）Alistenerwhoseheadisinsome“sweetspot”hearshigh-qualitysound.Butasonegelsfartherfromthesweetspot,thesounddiminishes.That’sbecausesoundwavesfromdifferentloudspeakersinteracttocancelouteachother’ssound.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diminishes”inparagraph4probablymean?A．Becomeslower. B．Travelsfaster.C．Getssweeter. D．Soundsnicer.易錯分析：不能看出畫線部分詞根中mini含義“微型，袖珍的”，且未能關(guān)注上句but前后兩句話之間的轉(zhuǎn)折意義是錯誤主要原因?！敬鸢浮緼【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容以及后句“That’sbecausesoundwavesfromdifferentloudspeakersinteracttocancelouteachother’ssound.（這是因?yàn)閬碜圆煌瑩P(yáng)聲器的聲波相互作用，相互抵消對方的聲音）”可知，這種技術(shù)是通過降噪處理消除對別人的干擾，因此推斷劃線句句意：但當(dāng)你遠(yuǎn)離最佳點(diǎn)時，聲音就會減弱。故判斷該詞義為“聲音變小”。故選A。【變式2】（湖北省高中名校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三聯(lián)合測評試題）Actually,untilherpregnancyQuarleshadbeenlivingatbreakneckspeed.Itwentsountillastyear.“Iwasexhausted,”shesays.“I’dbeenworkingthreejobs,doingmycharityandgoingnonstop.Iwasafraidmymentalhealthwasgettingworse.”......Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“breakneck”underlinedinparagraph2?A．Safeandslow. B．Fastanddangerous.C．Excitingandterrifying. D．Gentleandcomfortable.易錯分析：受break的熟詞詞義影響，脫離語境誤選A。根據(jù)Actually的邏輯轉(zhuǎn)折意義，及下文引述的話可推知邏輯含義?！敬鸢浮緽【解析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“AliciaQuarleshasherhandsfullthesedays—bothofthem,atallhoursofthedayandnight.(這些天艾麗西亞·夸爾斯忙得不可開交——無論是白天還是晚上)”及劃線詞下文““Iwasexhausted,”shesays.“I’dbeenworkingthreejobs,doingmycharityandgoingnonstop.Iwasafraidmymentalhealthwasgettingworse.”(“我筋疲力盡，”她說?！拔乙恢痹谧鋈莨ぷ?，做慈善，不停地工作。我擔(dān)心我的心理健康狀況會越來越差。”)”可知，夸爾斯工作繁忙，生活速度非?？?，以至于筋疲力盡。由此推知，劃線詞breakneck與Fastanddangerous(快速危險)意思接近。故選B?！咀兪?】（廣東省揭陽市普寧市第一中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三試題）Inearly2021,Ihitarutinmystudies.AsadoctoralcandidateattheUniversityofChicagoinIllinois,Iworkedtodesignsafer,moreeffectivematerialsforvaccinedelivery.AlthoughIhadbeenproductiveearlyinmygraduatecareer,mylonghoursandhardworkwerenolongertranslatingintosuccessinthelaboratory,andIfelthopelessaboutachievingmygoals.Somethinghadtochange.......Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“hitarut”inparagraph1mean?A．Stoppedprogressingsmoothly. B．Hadveryslowreactions.C．Acceptedhardwork’svalue. D．Overcameabigproblem.【答案】A【解析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AlthoughIhadbeenproductiveearlyinmygraduatecareer,mylonghoursandhardworkwerenolongertranslatingintosuccessinthelaboratory,andIfelthopelessaboutachievingmygoals.Somethinghadtochange.(雖然我在研究生生涯的早期很有成效，但我的長時間和辛勤工作不再轉(zhuǎn)化為實(shí)驗(yàn)室的成功，我對實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)感到絕望。有些事情必須改變。)”可知，我在學(xué)業(yè)上遇到了瓶頸，所以劃線部分的短語是停止順利進(jìn)行的意思。故選A項(xiàng)?！疽族e點(diǎn)提醒二】代詞指代猜測易混易錯點(diǎn)【例2】（安徽省皖江名校聯(lián)盟2023年高三聯(lián)考）ThecreatorsofthewallhopeitwillbringanurgentlyneededsolutiontothethreatsfacingtheAfricancontinent,creating10millionjobsinruralareas,aswellaspreventing250milliontonsofcarbon.TheinitiativeisAfrica-driven,whichforthoseonthecontinent,isvital,andmayholdthekeytosuccess.“TheGreatGreenWall…isaboutownership,andthathasbeenthefailureofdevelopmentaidbecausepeoplewereneveridentifiedwithit,”saidElvisPaulTangam,AfricanUnionCommissionerfortheSaharaandSahelGreatGreenWallInitiative.“Butthistimetheyidentify.Thisistheverythingofus!”Whatdoes“us”underlinedinParagraph3referto?AfricanUnions.B．Alladvocates. C．Landowners. D．AllAfricans.易錯分析：本題容易脫離話題，主觀臆斷。不可煩躁，浮于表面，應(yīng)嚴(yán)密查找上文語句和詞語之間的邏輯聯(lián)系?！敬鸢浮緿【導(dǎo)語】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“TheinitiativeisAfrica-driven,whichforthoseonthecontinent,isvital,andmayholdthekeytosuccess.(這一倡議是非洲驅(qū)動的，對非洲大陸的人來說至關(guān)重要，可能是成功的關(guān)鍵)”以及““TheGreatGreenWall…isaboutownership,andthathasbeenthefailureofdevelopmentaidbecausepeoplewereneveridentifiedwithit,”saidElvisPaulTangam,AfricanUnionCommissionerfortheSaharaandSahelGreatGreenWallInitiative.“Butthistimetheyidentify.Thisistheverythingofus!”(“綠色長城……是關(guān)于所有權(quán)的問題，而這正是發(fā)展援助的失敗之處，因?yàn)槿藗儚奈凑J(rèn)同它，”非洲聯(lián)盟撒哈拉和薩赫勒綠色長城倡議專員埃爾維斯·保羅·坦加姆說。“但這一次他們認(rèn)同了。這就是我們的本性！)”可知，此處的us指“所有的非洲人”。故選D項(xiàng)?！咀兪?】（湖南省常德市第一中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三試題）RegulatorylimitsforhowmuchPFASfoodpackagingshouldcontaincanvarygreatly.Forinstance,anewlawinCaliforniasetthelimitatlessthan100ppm.“ComparedtoAmerica,Denmarksetsamuchlowerregulatorylimitof20ppmwithgreatsuccess,”saidXeniaTrier,anexpertattheEuropeanEnvironmentAgency.“Itdoesworktosetlimitsandenforcethem.PFASdomigratefromthepaperintothefood.Eventhoughitwasnot100%,westillsawconsiderabletransmission.Ingeneral,transmissionfrompackagingtofoodisincreasedasthetemperatureofthefoodrises.Itisthesamewiththetimespentinwrappingmaterials.”TriertoldNBS,oneofthemajorAmericanmass-mediacompanies.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinparagraph4?A．Considerablemigrationofgreaseandwater.B．PFAStransmissionfrompackagingtofood.C．Wrapperexposuretohighfoodtemperature.D．Regulatorylimitsconcerningfoodpackaging.【答案】B【解析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“PFASdomigratefromthepaperintothefood.Eventhoughitwasnot100%,westillsawconsiderabletransmission.(PFAS確實(shí)從紙張轉(zhuǎn)移到了食品中。盡管它不是100%，但我們?nèi)匀豢吹搅讼喈?dāng)大的傳播)”可知，句中it指代上文提及的“PFAS從紙張轉(zhuǎn)移到食品中”。故選B?！咀兪?】（2023年全國高三專項(xiàng)練習(xí)）Attheendofeachday,theparticipantsshowedhighactivityinabrainareacalledthemidbrain.Thescientistswereinterestedintwo,smallareaswithinit.Bothareasproducedopamine,achemicalthatisimportantincravingandrewards.Thetwoareasactivatedwhenhungryparticipantssawpicturesoftastypizzaorjuicyhamburgers.Afterthevolunteershadbeenisolated,thosebrainareasbecameactivewhentheysawsocialactivitiestheymissed.Itmightbeplayingsportsorchattingwithfriends.......Whatdoestheunderlined“it”inparagraph3referto?A．Amidbrainarea. B．Asocialactivity. C．Avolunteer. D．Ahamburger.【答案】B【解析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三自然段“Afterthevolunteershadbeenisolated,thosebrainareasbecameactivewhentheysawsocialactivitiestheymissed.Itmightbeplayingsportsorchattingwithfriends.(在志愿者被隔離后，當(dāng)他們看到自己錯過的社交活動時，這些大腦區(qū)域就會變得活躍?？赡苁亲鲞\(yùn)動或和朋友聊天)”可知，代詞It指代的是前文中讓大腦會變得活躍的socialactivities之一。故選B項(xiàng)?！疽族e點(diǎn)提醒三】句意猜測易混易錯點(diǎn)【例3】（山東省曲阜師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年質(zhì)量檢測）

Realrichesconsistofwell-developedandheartycapacities(能力)toenjoylife.Mostpeoplearealreadyswamped(淹沒)withthings.Theyeat,wear,goandtalktoomuch.Theyliveintoobigahousewithtoomanyrooms,yettheirhouseoflifeisahut.......Theunderlinedsentenceinthesecondparagraphprobablyimpliesthat______.A．howevermateriallyrich,theyneverseemtobesatisfiedB．howevermateriallyrich,theyremainspirituallypoorC．thoughtheirhouseisbig,theypreferasimplelifeD．thoughtheirhouseisbig,itseemstobeacage易錯分析：拘泥于字面意思，易誤選C、D，應(yīng)根據(jù)上句，理解深層含義。【答案】B【解析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“Mostpeoplearealreadyswamped(淹沒)withthings.Theyeat,wear,goandtalktoomuch.(大多數(shù)人已經(jīng)被事情淹沒了。他們吃得太多，穿得太多，去得太多，說得太多)”可推知，大多數(shù)人有耽于生活中物質(zhì)的東西和瑣碎的東西，比如吃穿和閑聊，由此推知，盡管他們物質(zhì)豐富，但實(shí)際精神生活匱乏，這正是劃線句表達(dá)的意思，與B項(xiàng)“howevermateriallyrich,theyremainspirituallypoor(無論物質(zhì)上多么富裕，他們精神上仍然貧乏)”同義。故選B項(xiàng)。【變式1】（浙江省名校協(xié)作體2023-2024學(xué)年高三適應(yīng)性試題）Lastyear,afterawinterofpracticingskiingonthegreentracksforbeginnerseachweek,Aliciawasfrench-fryingherwaydownbluesandevenattemptedherfirstblack.Thatmonthalsowitnessedmevisitingthemountainmoretimesthaninthe15yearscombinedandI’vegotmyselfapartnerforlife.......Whatdoesthefatherimplybysaying“I’vegotmyselfapartnerforlife.”?A．Itisrewardingtolearnnewskills. B．Skiinghasbecomehislifelonghobby.C．Hewillexploremorewithhisdaughter. D．Hisdaughterwillaccompanyhimforever.【答案】C【解析】句意猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“Watchingyourkidslearnnewskillsisextraordinarilyrewarding,butI’veexperiencedmorepersonalgrowththanIhaveatanyotherpointinmylife.”（看著你的孩子學(xué)習(xí)新技能是非常值得的，但我經(jīng)歷的個人成長比我生命中其他任何時候都要多。）以及劃線句前“Lastyear,afterawinterofpracticingskiingonthegreentracksforbeginnerseachweek,Aliciawasfrench-fryingherwaydownbluesandevenattemptedherfirstblack.Thatmonthalsowitnessedmevisitingthemountainmoretimesthaninthe15yearscombined”（去年，艾麗西亞在為初學(xué)者準(zhǔn)備的綠色雪道上練習(xí)了一個冬天的滑雪之后，她在藍(lán)色中級雪道一路摸索，甚至嘗試了她的第一個黑色鉆石雪道。那個月我去山上的次數(shù)比過去15年的總和還多）可知，孩子在探索的同時，我也在探索。所以劃線句的意思是他將和女兒一起探索更多。故選C?！咀兪?】（2022年全國高三專練）Whenyouneedajobverymuch,youmayenduptakingOfcourse,youmayseektasksandresponsibilitiesthatforceyoutolearnsomethingnewortoworkharder.