Unit1ArtDiscoverUsefulStructures課件高中英語(yǔ)人教版選擇性

EB3U1ARTDiscoveringusefulstructuresTask1Observegrammar1.OurgoalistodisplaytheChineseartisticgeniusfromancienttimes.2.PerhapsthebestwaytounderstandWesternart

istolookatthedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies.3.DuringtheMiddleAges,thepurposeofWesternartwastoteachpeopleaboutChristianity.4.Inthiswork,Monet’saimwastoconveythelightandmovementinthescene.5.Whattheyattemptedtodowasnolongershowreality,butinsteadtoaskthequestion,“Whatisart?”infinitives----predictivediscoverusefulstructuresObservegrammarExploregrammarInternalizegrammarApplygrammarTask2ExploregrammarMatchthesentencehalvesandunderlinethenounsorclausesusedasthesubjectineachsentence.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之todo動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)donedoingtodo具有動(dòng)詞的特征具有名詞的特征具有形容詞的特征具有副詞的特征主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)

todo不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)：類(lèi)別主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)意義一般式todo完成式進(jìn)行式/完成進(jìn)行式/tobedonetohavedonetobedoingtohavebeendoingtohavebeendone發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前正在進(jìn)行一直持續(xù)找出謂語(yǔ)和非謂語(yǔ)1.ToimprovemyEnglish,Idecidetolearngrammar.2.Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyisbeneficialtoourhealth.3.Seenfromthetopofthehill,ourschoollooksbeautiful.4.Thestudy,publishedin2009,foundthatwhenwritingwithapenandpaper,participants

wrotelongeressaysandmorecompletesentencesandhadafasterwordproductionrate.找出謂語(yǔ)和非謂語(yǔ)1.ToimprovemyEnglish,Idecidetolearngrammar.2.Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyisbeneficialtoourhealth.3.Seenfromthetopofthehill,ourschoollooksbeautiful.4.Thestudy,publishedin2009,foundthatwhenwritingwithapenandpaper,participants

wrotelongeressaysandmorecompletesentencesandhadafasterwordproductionrate.舉辦2022年冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)是我們國(guó)家巨大的榮幸。Tohostthe2022WinterOlympicsisagreathonorforourcountry.作主語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之todo的句法功能習(xí)近平主席決定宣布冬奧會(huì)開(kāi)幕。PresidentXidecidedtodeclare

the2022WinterOlympicsopen.作賓語(yǔ)TheBeijingWinterOlmpicswillopenonFebruary4,2022,whichwillfeature7sports,15disciplinesand109events.Inthefollowing16days,therewillbe109eventstobeenjoyed.在接下來(lái)的16天里，我們將看到109個(gè)精彩的項(xiàng)目。作定語(yǔ)Towinthecompetition,thecompetitorshavetopracticeharddayandnight.為了贏得比賽，運(yùn)動(dòng)員們不得不沒(méi)日沒(méi)夜地練習(xí)。作狀語(yǔ)Ourathletesarebelievedtobethebestintheworld.我們的運(yùn)動(dòng)員被認(rèn)為是世界上最棒的。作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)

回歸課本1.PerhapsthebestwaytounderstandWesternartistolookatthedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies.2.DuringtheMiddleages,thepurposeofWesternartwastoteachpeopleaboutChristianity.3.Inthiswork,Monet'saimwastoconveythelightandmovementinthescene.4.Whattheyattemptedtodowasnolonger(to)showreality,butinsteadtoaskthequestion,“Whatisart”?不定式作表語(yǔ)Everyoneseemedtobesatisfiedwiththeopeningceremonyof2022WinterOlympics.每個(gè)人似乎都對(duì)這次的開(kāi)幕式很滿意。作表語(yǔ)Whatisapredicative?表語(yǔ)常由名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞、不定式、從句來(lái)充當(dāng)，是指說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、性質(zhì)、品性、特征和狀態(tài)的詞或從句，常位于系動(dòng)詞之后examplesentences:Shelooksmuchyoungerinherreddress.Theyseemtohavemisunderstoodme.Themeatwillstayfreshforseveraldaysinthefridge.Heneverkeepsangryforalongtime.

系動(dòng)詞分為五種1、狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)狀態(tài),只有be一詞,而且主語(yǔ)不同，be的形式也不同，且有時(shí)態(tài)的變化。這是我們最常見(jiàn)的系動(dòng)詞。Sheisverybeautiful.她非常漂亮。2、持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度,主要有keep,remain,stay,lie,stand等Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting.他開(kāi)會(huì)時(shí)總保持沉默。3、感官動(dòng)詞

感官動(dòng)詞主要有feel,sound,seem,smell,sound,taste,appear,look等

Helookstired.

他看起來(lái)很累。Itsoundstomeasthoughthere’sataprunningsomewhere.我好像聽(tīng)到某處水龍頭流水的聲音。Shefeltasifherheadweresplitting.她仿佛覺(jué)得她的頭要裂開(kāi)了。Theriverappearedasifenvelopedinsmog.那條河好像籠罩在煙霧之中。4、變化系動(dòng)詞

這些系動(dòng)詞表示主語(yǔ)變成什么樣,變化系動(dòng)詞主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run.Hebecamemadafterthat.自那之后,他瘋了。Shegrewrichwithinashorttime.她沒(méi)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間就富了。

5、終止系動(dòng)詞

表示主語(yǔ)已終止動(dòng)作,主要有prove,trunout,表達(dá)"證實(shí)","變成"之意.Therumorprovedfalse.這謠言證實(shí)有假。Thesearchproveddifficult.搜查證實(shí)很難。Hisplanturnedoutasuccess.他的計(jì)劃終于成功了。2.功能①

Hisplanistocleantheroom.他的計(jì)劃是打掃房間。Thestudentsaretomeetattheschoolgatetomorrow.明天學(xué)生們將在學(xué)校大門(mén)口見(jiàn)面。DiscoverandFindPresentation主語(yǔ)(事物)＋be＋不定式(作表語(yǔ))表示主語(yǔ)的具體內(nèi)容主語(yǔ)(人)＋be＋不定式(作表語(yǔ))表示將來(lái)，為“即將”之意。Function1.表示將來(lái)或預(yù)計(jì)Idon’tknowwhatistohappentousifwegoonlikethis.如果我們這樣下去,我不知道我們會(huì)發(fā)生什么事。IwenttohavealookattheroomwhereIwastotalkthatafternoon.我去看了一下那個(gè)房間,那天下午我要在那里講話。Function2.表示目的Thenextstepistomakesurethatyouknowexactlywhatisrequired.下一步你要弄清楚真正需要的是什么。Thepurposeofeducationistodevelopafinepersonalityinchildren.教育的目的是發(fā)展孩子們美好的品格。Function3.表示計(jì)劃或意圖Theyaretobemarriednextweek.他們打算下周結(jié)婚。Theyaretofinishtheworkbeforethemanagercomesback.他們計(jì)劃在經(jīng)理回來(lái)前完成工作。注意:該結(jié)構(gòu)也可用于條件狀語(yǔ)從句。IfI’mtobethereontime,Imustleaveatonce.如果我要想準(zhǔn)時(shí)趕到那兒,我就必須馬上動(dòng)身。Function4.表示命令或規(guī)定Visitorsaretoleavewhenthebellrings.來(lái)訪者必須在鈴響時(shí)離開(kāi)。YouaretofinishyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchTV.你得做完了作業(yè)才能看電視。Shecangototheparty,butshe’snottobebacklate.她可以去參加聚會(huì),但不能晚歸。常用不定式作表語(yǔ)的情況

（1）當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是建議:suggestion,advice,proposal目標(biāo)與計(jì)劃:aim,goal,purpose,plan夢(mèng)想與希望:dream,wish,hope職責(zé):duty3.【用法】常用動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)，表示主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容例句Thepurposeofeducationistodevelopafinepersonalityinstudents.Thedutyofthepoliceistokeep

ussafe.Thesuggestion

foryouistostudy

hard.Mydreamis___________(become)apainter.MysuggestionaboutimprovingEnglishis________(memorize)wordseveryday.Mydutyis____________(help)mystudentsimprovetheirEnglish.Mynextplanis____________(take)partinacompetition.tocometomemorizetohelptotake（2）以What引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，常用不定式作表語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容。WhatIsuggest

is

toaskyourfriendsandteachersforhelp.Whathewants

is

tosolvetheproblem.Whatmatters/countsmost

is

toconcentrateonyourfavouritethings.Tip2：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)包含定語(yǔ)從句且其先行詞為代詞_____或者主語(yǔ)被___________________或形容詞________修飾時(shí)，其后可接“系動(dòng)詞+不定式”作句子的表語(yǔ)。ObserveandDiscoverAllhewantedwas_______________.

他只想一個(gè)人待著。TheleastIcandotohelpis________________.

我所能幫的最起碼的事是借給她一輛車(chē)。tobeleftalonetolendheracarallonly,first,one,least最高級(jí)動(dòng)詞不定式（4）表“同意、安排、命令、決定、勸告、愿望、意愿、禁止、預(yù)期的結(jié)果等”

Theyaretomarrynextweek.Youmustbepatientandpersistentifyouaretosucceed.Youare

tohaveaface-to-facetalkwiththem.Studentsarenottousemobilephoneinschool.（表安排）（表禁止）（表勸告）（表愿望）Wearetotravelintwoyears.(表想法)Asplanned,wearetoholdthetalentshowtoday.(表計(jì)劃，安排)Youaretofinishyourhomeworkontime.(表義務(wù))（5）動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，相當(dāng)于___________________________________，具有情態(tài)意義。

Theregulationsare__________________.=Theregulationsmustbeobserved.Youare_______________.=Youshouldberewarded.tobeobservedtoberewardedcan/could,should,oughtto,must（6）某些動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，需用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)

Whois_____________thefire?誰(shuí)應(yīng)為這場(chǎng)大火承擔(dān)責(zé)任？Thehouseis_________.此房出租。toblamefortolet?

?完成句子①Findingasmallneighbourhoodinavastcountryproved

tobeimpossible

?.

在一個(gè)遼闊的國(guó)家里找一個(gè)小社區(qū)被證明是不可能的。②

WhatamItosay

?iftheyaskmethequestion？

要是他們問(wèn)我這個(gè)問(wèn)題，我該怎么回答呢？③Thesebooks

arenottobesold

?.

這些書(shū)不應(yīng)該被賣(mài)掉。④Inmyopinion，

sheistoblame

?.

在我看來(lái)，她應(yīng)該受到責(zé)備。tobeimpossible

WhatamItosay

arenottobesold

sheistoblame

不定式作表語(yǔ)，可以省略to的情況

動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般情況下不定式to不能省略，但當(dāng)前面的主語(yǔ)中有do的某種形式時(shí)，作表語(yǔ)的不定式可以省略to。

eg:

Whatyoushoulddonextis(to)helphimwithhisEnglish.Theonlythinghecandonowis

(to)giveup

theplan.Allyouneedtodois(to)readyourbookcarefully.前有do,后省to

對(duì)比填空P11①M(fèi)yambitionis___________(work)inthecomputerindustrywhenIgrowup.②WhatIwanttodois_______(work)inthecomputerindustrywhenIgrowup.③Themostimportantthingtodois_______(conquer)yourself.④Themostdifficultthingis_______(get)thiscompanyrunningsmoothly.

toworkworkconquertoget37.用于seem,appear,remain,prove,turnout等之后。Severalproblemsremain

.WhenIenteredtheroom,sheseemed

(read)anovel.tobereadingSomethingproved

(go)wrongwiththatwashingmaching.tohavegonetobesettled【造句練習(xí)】1.是否參加比賽還有待討論。2.他好像在來(lái)上學(xué)前就已經(jīng)感冒了。3.科學(xué)家們似乎在這個(gè)領(lǐng)域正在不斷取得進(jìn)步。Whethertoparticipateinthecompetitionremainstobediscussed.Heseemedtohavecaughtacoldbeforegoingtoschool.Thescientists

appeartobemakingconstantprogressinthisfield.Exploregrammar8.Togothereatthishourwastoriskone’slife.Toaskhimesuchquestionsistoirritatehims.Toseeistobelieve.Tohearistoobey.Tip1:當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是___________時(shí)，系動(dòng)詞后可接不定式作表語(yǔ)，用于解釋主語(yǔ)所描述的________或說(shuō)明該行為帶來(lái)的________。不定式行為結(jié)果

辨析

不定式做表語(yǔ)和動(dòng)名詞做表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別不定式作表語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是________________________的動(dòng)作動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是_______________________的動(dòng)作①Ourworkis

(serve)thepeople.②Myjobtodayis___________(clean)theclassroom.Hisjobistopaintthewallswithintwohours.Hisjobispaintingwalls.暫時(shí)的工作日常的工作servingtoclean一次性、具體的、將要發(fā)生一般性、抽象的、經(jīng)常發(fā)生?

?完成句子①M(fèi)yjobis

teachingyouEnglish

?.

我的工作是教你們英語(yǔ)。②Hisdreamis

tobeadoctor

?afterhegrowsup.

他的夢(mèng)想是長(zhǎng)大后當(dāng)一名醫(yī)生。teachingyouEnglish

tobeadoctor

原則1:形式上，最好保持一致

Toseeistobelieve.Seeingisbelieving.

眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)原則2:表達(dá)某一特定的行為，尤其是將來(lái)的行為，通常用todo作表語(yǔ)

Herdreamistobeanartist.Myplanistopurchaseanewrealisticpainting.

原則3:表達(dá)經(jīng)常性的行為，常用doing作表語(yǔ)Myhobbyispainting.Myfavoritethingispaintingportraits.

動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)1.

當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是建議、目標(biāo)與計(jì)劃、夢(mèng)想與愿望、職責(zé)時(shí)，表示主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容，2.以What引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容。6.

主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義4.

表示“同意、安排、命令、決定、勸告、意愿、禁止”等3.

當(dāng)主語(yǔ)包含定語(yǔ)從句且其先行詞為代詞all5.

用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，相當(dāng)于can/could,should,oughtto,must,具有情態(tài)意義Summary1.Themottoofthelittleboywhowassufferingfromamusclediseasewas_______(live)oneday.2.Itisyou,includingyourcousin,that____________(blame)forthelossofthegoldenchance.tolivearetoblame3.Thenextstepis________surethatyouknowexactlywhatisrequired.4.Thepurposeofeducationis___________(develop)afinepersonalityinchildren.tomaketodevelop5.Oneofthemostdamagingthingsaparentcoulddowas___________(punish)theirchildrenforpoormarks.6.Youappear__________