大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷80（共110題）

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷80（共4套）（共110題）大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷第1套一、仔細(xì)閱讀(本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。)Imagineeatingeverythingdeliciousyouwant—withnoneofthefatThatwouldbegreat,wouldn'tit?New"fakefat"productsappearedonstoreshelvesintheUnitedStatesrecently,butnoteveryoneishappyaboutit.Makersoftheproducts,whichcontainacompoundcalledolestra,sayfoodmanufacturerscannoweliminatefatfromcertainfoods.Critics,however,saythenewcompoundcanrobthebodyofessentialvitaminsandnutrientsandcanalsocauseunpleasantsideeffectsinsomepeople.Soit'suptoconsumerstodecidewhetherthenewfat-freeproductstastegoodenoughtokeepeating.Chemistsdiscoveredolestrainthelate1960s,whentheyweresearchingforafatthatcouldbedigestedbyinfantsmoreeasily.Insteadoffindingthedesiredfat,theresearcherscreatedafatthatcan'tbedigestedatall.Normally,specialchemicalsintheintestines(腸)"grab"moleculesofregularfatandbreakthemdownsotheycanbeusedbythebody.Amoleculeofregularfatismadeupofthreemoleculesofsubstancescalledfattyacids.ThefattyacidsareabsorbedbytheintestinesandbringwiththemtheessentialvitaminsA,D,E,andK.Whenfatmoleculesarepresentintheintestineswithanyofthosevitamins,thevitaminsattachtothemoleculesandarecarriedintothebloodstream.Olestra,whichismadefromsixtoeightmoleculesoffattyacids,istoolargefortheintestinestoabsorb.Itjustslidesthroughtheintestineswithoutbeingbrokendown.Manufacturerssayit'sthatabilitytoslideunchangedthroughtheintestinesthatmakesolestrasovaluableasafatsubstitute.Itprovidesconsumerswiththetasteofregularfatwithoutanybadeffectsonthebody.ButcriticssayolestracanpreventvitaminsA,D,E,andKfrombeingabsorbed.Itcanalsopreventtheabsorptionofcarotenoids(類胡蘿卜素),compoundsthatmayreducetheriskofcancer,heartdisease,etc.ManufacturersareaddingvitaminsA,D,E,andKaswellascarotenoidstotheirproductsnow.Evenso,somenutritionistsarestillconcernedthatpeoplemighteatunlimitedamountsoffoodmadewiththefatsubstitutewithoutworryingabouthowmanycaloriestheyareconsuming.1、Welearnfromthepassagethatolestraisasubstancethat_____.A、containsplentyofnutrientsB、makesfoodsfat-freewhilekeepingthemdeliciousC、rendersfoodscalorie-freewhileretainingtheirvitaminsD、makesfoodseasilydigestible標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第2段第2句提到“生產(chǎn)含有Olestra化合物的食品的廠商認(rèn)為使用Olestra能除掉某些食品中的脂肪”，在第6段，作者又指出“Olestra不為腸胃吸收，并能保持脂肪的美味而不對(duì)身體產(chǎn)生有害的影響”，因此B與文中所闡述的觀點(diǎn)一致；A與文中提到Olestra會(huì)阻止人體吸收某些維生素和類胡蘿卜素相悖；C、D同樣與原文的意思相悖。2、Theresultofthesearchforaneasilydigestiblefatturnedouttobe_____.A、justasanticipatedB、commerciallyuselessC、quiteunexpectedD、somewhatcontroversial標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第3段提到“20世紀(jì)60年代后期，化學(xué)家在尋找一種容易為嬰兒吸收的脂肪時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了Olestra，但卻發(fā)現(xiàn)它根本不能為人體吸收”，因此，此結(jié)果是出乎意料的，C與此觀點(diǎn)一致。3、Olestraisdifferentfromordinaryfatsinthat_____.A、itfacilitatestheabsorptionofvitaminsbythebodyB、itpassesthroughtheintestineswithoutbeingabsorbedC、ithelpsreducetheincidenceofheartdiseaseD、itpreventsexcessiveintakeofvitamins標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第6段首句提到“Olestra因體積太大，含有6—8個(gè)脂肪酸分子，而不能被腸胃分解吸收”，因此B正確。A、D與文中所表達(dá)的意思相悖；只有類胡蘿卜素才有此功能，因此C不對(duì)。4、Whatisapossiblenegativeeffectofolestraaccordingtosomecritics?A、Itmayincreasetheriskofcancer.B、Itmayspoiltheconsumers’appetite.C、Itmayimpairthedigestivesystem.D、Itmayaffecttheoverallfatintake.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第6段第5句提到“一些批評(píng)家認(rèn)為Olestra阻止人體吸收維生素A、D、E、K和類胡蘿卜素，而類胡蘿卜素卻是一種能減少癌癥及心臟病發(fā)病率的化合物”，因此，A正確；B與文章所陳述之意相悖；C和D文中沒(méi)有提及。5、Whyarenutritionistsconcernedaboutaddingvitaminstoolestra?A、Peoplemaybeinducedtoeatmorethanisnecessary.B、Itmaytriggeranewwaveoffakefoodproduction.C、Itmayleadtotheover-consumptionofvitamins.D、Thefunctionoftheintestinesmaybeweakened.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文章最后一段第2句提到“一些營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)家擔(dān)心這樣一來(lái)，人們也許會(huì)不加限制地享用由代脂肪制成的食品，從而攝取更多的熱量”，A與文中所陳述的觀點(diǎn)一致；其他三項(xiàng)在文中均沒(méi)有進(jìn)行陳述。ToliveintheUnitedStatestodayistogainanappreciationforDahrendorf'sassertionthatsocialchangeexistseverywhere.Technology,theapplicationofknowledgeforpracticalends,isamajorsourceofsocialchange.Yetwewoulddowelltoremindourselvesthattechnologyisahumancreation;itdoesnotexistnaturally.Aspearorarobotisasmuchaculturalasaphysicalobject.Untilhumansuseaspeartohuntgameorarobottoproducemachineparts,neitherismuchmorethanasolidmassofmatter.Forabirdlookingforanobjectonwhichtorest,aspearorrobotservesthepurposeequallywell.TheexplosionoftheChallengerspaceshuttleandtheRussiannuclearaccidentatChernobyldrivehomethehumanqualityoftechnology;theyprovidecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlywenthaywire(變得混亂)andtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.Sincetechnologyisahumancreation,weareresponsibleforwhatisdonewithit.Pessimistsworrythatwewilluseourtechnologyeventuallytoblowourworldandourselvestopieces.Buttheyhavebeensayingthisfordecades,andsofarwehavemanagedtosurviveandevenflourish.Whetherwewillcontinuetodosointheyearsaheadremainsuncertain.Clearly,theimpactoftechnologyonourlivesdeservesacloserexamination.Fewtechnologicaldevelopmentshavehadagreaterimpactonourlivesthanthecomputerrevolution.Scientistsandengineershavedesignedspecializedmachinesthatcandothetasksthatonceonlypeoplecoulddo.Therearethosewhoassertthattheswitchtoaninformation-basedeconomyisinthesamecampasothergreathistoricalmilestones,particularlytheIndustrialRevolution.YetwhenweaskwhytheIndustrialRevolutionwasarevolution,wefindthatitwasnotthemachines.Theprimaryreasonwhyitwasarevolutionaryisthatitledtogreatsocialchange.Itgaverisetomassproductionand,throughmassproduction,toasocietyinwhichwealthwasnotconfinedtothefew.Insomewhatsimilarfashion,computerspromisetorevolutionizethestructureofAmericanlife,particularlyastheyfreethehumanmindandopennewpossibilitiesinknowledgeandcommunication.TheIndustrialRevolutionsupplementedandreplacedthemusclesofhumansandanimalsbymechanicalmethods.Thecomputerextendsthisdevelopmenttosupplementandreplacesomeaspectsofthemindofhumanbeingsbyelectronicmethods.Itisthecapacityofthecomputerforsolvingproblemsandmakingdecisionsthatrepresentsitsgreatestpotentialandthatposesthegreatestdifficultiesinpredictingtheimpactonsociety.6、Aspearorarobothasthequalityoftechnologyonlywhenit_____.A、isusedbothasaculturalandaphysicalobjectB、servesdifferentpurposesequallywellC、isutilizedbymanD、canbeofusetobothmanandanimal標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第2段第3句提到，除非人們用矛去捕獲獵物或用機(jī)器人去生產(chǎn)機(jī)器零件，否則二者都只不過(guò)是硬梆梆的物體而已。也就是說(shuō)只有這些東西為人類所用的時(shí)候，它們才具有科技含量，C正確。其他選項(xiàng)利用原文個(gè)別信息，胡亂拼湊而成，不符題意。7、TheexamplesoftheChallengerandChernobylcitedbytheauthorservetoshowthat_____.A、ifnotgivencloseexamination,technologycouldbeusedtodestroyourworldB、technologyisahumancreation,soweareresponsibleforitC、technologyusuallygoeswrong,ifnotcontrolledbymanD、beingahumancreation,technologyisliabletoerror標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞theChallengerandChernobyl查找到第2段第5句。該句提到，美國(guó)“挑戰(zhàn)者號(hào)”航天飛機(jī)的爆炸以及俄羅斯“切爾諾貝利”核泄露事件徹底暴露了技術(shù)的人為性特征。也就是說(shuō)技術(shù)是人為創(chuàng)造出來(lái)的，容易出問(wèn)題，D正確。B雖然文中有所提及，卻不是作者舉例要說(shuō)明的問(wèn)題，A、C在原文中找不到依據(jù)。8、Accordingtotheauthor,theintroductionofthecomputerisarevolutionmainlybecause_____.A、thecomputerhasrevolutionizedtheworkingsofthehumanmindB、thecomputercandothetasksthatcouldonlybedonebypeoplebeforeC、ithashelpedtoswitchtoaninformationtechnologyD、ithasagreatpotentialimpactonsociety標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第3段倒數(shù)第2句提到，工業(yè)革命之所以是一場(chǎng)革命，原因不在于機(jī)器的革新，主要原因是工業(yè)革命引發(fā)了巨大的社會(huì)變化，因此D正確。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)為這一變化的某一具體表現(xiàn)，不夠全面，因此排除。9、Byusingthephrase"thehumanqualityoftechnology"(Line6,Para.2),theauthorreferstothefactthattechnology_____.A、hasagreatimpactonhumanlifeB、hassomecharacteristicsofhumannatureC、canreplacesomeaspectsofthehumanmindD、doesnotexistinthenaturalworld標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)題干查找到第2段，本詞組所在句以兩個(gè)技術(shù)事件說(shuō)明技術(shù)的人為性特征，即技術(shù)同人性一樣，存在弱點(diǎn)，B正確。10、Thepassageisbasedontheauthor’s_____.A、keeninsightintothenatureoftechnologyB、prejudicedcriticismoftheroleoftheIndustrialRevolutionC、cautiousanalysisofthereplacementofthehumanmindbycomputersD、exaggerateddescriptionofthenegativeconsequencesoftechnology標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題可用排除法。B中的“批判”、C中的“人類思維被電腦取代”在原文找不到作者的相關(guān)觀點(diǎn)；雖然文中提及科技帶來(lái)負(fù)面的東西，卻沒(méi)有對(duì)技術(shù)的負(fù)面影響進(jìn)行夸大的描述，D項(xiàng)也可排除，A正確。InthebattlefortheyoungsodadrinkersofChina,U.S.-basedPepsi-Colamayhavefoundapowerfulnewweapon:youngstreetsellerstoting(背負(fù))backpacksodadispensers.Itmaysoundtrivial,butinChina'steeming(擁擠的)cities,gettingcoldcarbonateddrinksintothehandsoftheyoungcanbeastruggle.Vendingmachinesareoftenoutoforder,hawkerswithpushcartscan'tkeepdrinkscoldenough,andthefriendlymom-and-popcomerstoresjustdon'tcutitwithteenagerstryingtoacthip.ThebackpackdispensersarethelatesttwistinacontinuingbattlebetweenPepsi-ColaandrivalCoca-ColaforChina'ssodadrinkers.Since1996,PepsihasvirtuallyconcededdominancetoCoca-Colainallbutafewinternationalmarkets.AmongtheexceptionsisChina,wherePepsi-Colabelievesitcanmakealaststandbyappealingtoyouth.Sofar,however,ithasn'tgainedmuchground.ResearchfirmACNielsensaysaJanuarysurveyindicatedCoca-Colahadcaptured47%ofChina'smarketforcarbonatedbeverages—SpriteandFanta.Pepsi-Cola'ssharelaggedwellbehindat19%,mostofwhichwasduetoPepsi,followedby7-UpandMountainDew.Globally,Coca-Colahada51%shareofbeveragesaleslastyear,comparedwith21%forPepsi-Cola.Coca-Cola'sChinamarketingdirectorinHongKong,JohnCheung,sayshisfirmtriedbackpackdispensersinChinaafewyearsagobutdecidedtheyweren'tpayingoffbecausethedrinkswarmeduptooquickly.ButPepsi-Cola'sTansaysthedispensershiscompanyuses—madebyU.S.-basedThirstEndersInternational—keeptherateofwarmingtoaminimum:twodegreesanhouronahotday.WithshoppersinChengdugulpingdownthe32cupsineachtankwithinanhour,thedrinksarealwayscool.CheungadmitsthatanotherreasonforCoca-Cola'sdisappointingresultswasthatitpickedolder,unemployedadultstowearthedispensers,ratherthanupbeatyoungpeople.Pepsi-Colaavoidedthatmistakebyrecruitingfromuniversities."Wewantpeoplewhocanbeidentifiedbytheyoungcustomerswithsellingthedrinks,"saysTan."Theyneedtobeyoung,energeticandoutgoing."Pepsi-ColaalsohasusedthedispensersinthePhilippinesandSingaporeforpromotionsandsportingevents.InChina,itmaystartusingthematsoccergames—itsponsorsthecountry'spremierleague.Tansayshewantstotakethepacksnationwide"assoonaspossible".Thatwillmeanconvincingbottlersanddistributorstostumpup$1,000foreachpack.(UnderPepsi-Cola'sarrangementswithitslocalpartners,thepartnersbearthefullcost.)Coca-Cola'sCheungadmitshe'swatchingPepsi-Cola'sgambit(策略)carefully."Ifthedaycomesthatthebackpackissuchabigadvantage,"hesays,"We'llusethemtoo."11、Accordingtothethirdparagraph,thebackpack-dispenserapproachappeared_____.A、promisingB、ineffectiveC、toworkinonlyfewinternationalmarketsD、tocausePepsitolosemoremarketshare標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第3段第4句及從第5句開(kāi)始所顯示的數(shù)據(jù)都表明百事公司采用的背包式飲料機(jī)策略沒(méi)有效果，B為本題答案。從第3段首句可知百事可樂(lè)公司對(duì)背包式飲料機(jī)策略寄予了厚望，但該段的數(shù)據(jù)表明這個(gè)策略并沒(méi)有帶來(lái)成功，A不正確：C文中沒(méi)有提及；第3段最后兩句對(duì)比了兩家公司的市場(chǎng)份額，但這并不是使用了背包式飲料機(jī)之后的市場(chǎng)份額，D無(wú)從說(shuō)起。12、Itcanbeinferredthatthemostsuccessfulbackpackdispensersmustbe_____.A、lightenoughforsalespeopletowearB、externallyappealingtoyoungpeopleC、thermallystableenoughD、technologicallyflawless標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第4段第1句和第2句圍繞的話題是背包式飲料機(jī)的保溫問(wèn)題，百事公司在成都的成功就在于他們使用的飲料機(jī)能夠使飲料保持相對(duì)穩(wěn)定的溫度，C為本題答案。A和B原文并未討論；D過(guò)于絕對(duì)了。13、Coca-Cola’swrongchoiceofitsstreetsellersshowsthat_____.A、colaismorepopularwithyoungpeopleB、peopleprefertobuycolaatregularstoresC、universitystudentsaremorecapablesellersD、thecompanyconsiderstoomuchaboutcost標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第5段對(duì)比了可口可樂(lè)和百事可樂(lè)對(duì)背負(fù)飲料機(jī)的銷(xiāo)售人員的選擇，從這個(gè)對(duì)比可以看出，可口可樂(lè)公司的失敗就在于它沒(méi)有注重產(chǎn)品的消費(fèi)對(duì)象是年輕人，由此可知，可樂(lè)更受年輕人歡迎，本題應(yīng)選A。B與該對(duì)比無(wú)關(guān)：C和D都沒(méi)有原文依據(jù)。14、WhatisJohnCheung’sattitudetowardsthefeasibilityofthebackpackstrategy?A、Optimistic.B、Disappointed.C、Doubtful.D、Cautious.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：在第4段和第5段，JohnCheung分析了可口可樂(lè)公司使用背包式飲料機(jī)失敗的原因，這似乎表明他對(duì)飲料機(jī)很失望，但在末段他卻表示如果百事可樂(lè)公司的策略證明有用的話，他們也會(huì)跟著采用，其中的carefully表明他對(duì)飲料機(jī)的看法是審慎的，因此D為本題答案。15、WhatcanweinferaboutthePepsi’sbackpackstrategy?A、Thebackpackstrategyismosteffectivelyusedinsportsevents.B、ThebackpackdispensersneedtobefinancedbyPepsi’spartners.C、ThebackpackstrategywillbecarriedoutsoonthroughoutChina.D、ThebackpackdispensersusedinthePhilippinesprovedasuccess.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：選項(xiàng)B中的finance與第6段末句括號(hào)中的bearthefullcost意思相近，由此可知，B為正確的說(shuō)法。A中的mosteffectively無(wú)從證實(shí)；該段提及百事希望飲料機(jī)可以“盡快”在中國(guó)普及，但“盡快”是多快卻難以推斷，C不正確；D中的provedasuccess沒(méi)有相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)支持。Inthe1920sAmericaenjoyedwhatwastobecomeknownas"anAgeofExcess".From1921-1929manufacturingoutputincreasedwithonlyasmallcheck—themildrecessionof1924,andrealGNP(1929prices)rose45.6percent.Inrealtermsitwasavigorousexpansionwiththeaddedattractionsofstableprices,risingrealwages,andmainly"full"employment.Sothe1920s'boomremainsalegendintheAmericaneconomichistory.Theboomwascreatedbyseveralfactorsthatworkedtogether.Thethreepresidentsofthetwenties,Harding,CoolidgeandHooverwereallRepublicanswhosupportedbusinessandthestockmarket.TheRepublicanswereagainstanykindofwelfarestateorthegovernmentregulatingbusiness.TheyintroducedlowertaxratesandraisedtariffsonforeigngoodssotheycouldnotcompetewithAmericanbusiness.Thiswasknownas"protectionism".America'seconomyhadnotsufferedfromWorldWarI.Infactithadbeenstrengthenedbytradingarmstotheallies.Inthetwenties,therewasasubstantialgrowthinproduction,jobs,profits,wagesandthestandardofliving.Thegrowthinproductioncreatedmorejobs,andbecausemorepeoplehadmoremoneytheycouldbuythenewlyproducedgoods.Moregoodsneededtobeproducedsomorejobsandprofitswerecreated.Thisledtothetwentiesseeingthestartofmassproductionandconsumerism.Forthefirsttimeitemslikecarsandrefrigeratorswereavailableandaffordabletothemiddleclasses,andsecondaryindustriessuchasadvertisingbecameveryprofitable.Therewasaninevitablechangeintheideasandactionsofsociety.Peoplecouldaffordtoenjoytheirleisuretimeandtheleisureindustriesalsoboomed.MuchofAmericanSocietywaschangedbytheBoom.Morepeoplecouldgooutandenjoythemselvesbecauseoftheincreasedleisuretimeandaffluenceofsociety.WriterF.ScottFitzgeraldcalledit"theAgeofExcess".JazzmusichadamassiveeffectontheyouthofAmerica,astheybecamemoreoutgoing.Morestartedsmokingandgoingout,andwomenstartedtowearshorterskirtsandothermoreoutrageousfashions.Oldergenerationshatedthenewmusicandshowedapparentdisrespectofyoungerpeople.Anewkindofwomanwascreated,calleda"flapper".Hollywoodpromotedthesewomenandtheirfashionsastherogueactressesbecameiconsforotheryoungladies.Tomost,thesewomenwerenothingbutasignofthetimes,adeclineintraditionalstandards.16、Fromthepassage,welearnthat"theAgeofExcess"____.A、wastheresultof"protectionism"and"consumerism"B、wasthemosteconomicallyprosperoustimesintheU.S.C、wasatermfirstusedbyawriternamedF.ScottFitzgeraldD、wastheonlyperiodwhentheunemploymentratewaszero標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：末段第3句雖然沒(méi)有直接說(shuō)明Fitzgerald是首位使用“縱樂(lè)的年代”的人，但從句中的calledit可以推斷“縱樂(lè)的年代”這個(gè)叫法是由Fitzgerald創(chuàng)造的，因此C正確。第2段倒數(shù)第4句表明“消費(fèi)主義”是由20年代(“縱樂(lè)的年代”)引發(fā)的，A把順序調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)了；雖然首段末句指出20年代的經(jīng)濟(jì)仍然是legend，但不能就此判斷當(dāng)時(shí)的經(jīng)濟(jì)“最”繁榮，B錯(cuò)；D的說(shuō)法過(guò)于絕對(duì)了。17、ThethreerepublicanpresidentscontributedtotheboomofU.S.economyinthe1920’sbecausetheyadvocated______.A、theideaofwelfarestateB、businessregulatedbythegovernmentC、raisingdutiesonimportedgoodsD、businesscompetitionamongcountries標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：C中的duties和importedgoods分別為第2段第4句中的tariff和foreigngoods的近義替換詞，C為本題答案。A和B都是三位總統(tǒng)反對(duì)的做法；第2段第4句表明美國(guó)提高外國(guó)貨品的關(guān)稅，使外國(guó)貨品不能與本國(guó)貨品競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，由此可見(jiàn)，三位總統(tǒng)并不支持國(guó)家之間的商業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，D不正確。18、Itcanbeinferredthatmassproductionstartedwhen______A、theneedsforconsumergoodskeptgrowingB、themiddleclasscouldaffordtobuyluxuriesC、secondaryindustriesbecameprofitableD、peoplehadmoreleisuretimeactivities標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第2段倒數(shù)第4句中的thisledto表明大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)的原因可在前面幾句話中找到。根據(jù)該段倒數(shù)第5句和第6句可以推斷，由于消費(fèi)者有能力購(gòu)買(mǎi)更多的商品，使大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)成為必要，A正確。其他選項(xiàng)都不是導(dǎo)致大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)的原因。19、Theword"affluence"(Line2,Para.3)isclosestin,meaningto"___".A、wealthB、influenceC、standardD、diversity標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：末段首句和第2句說(shuō)的都是美國(guó)社會(huì)在20年代的變化，由此可知，社會(huì)的affluence與theBoom相關(guān)，而且是讓人們能enjoythemselves的條件，再聯(lián)系與之并列的increasedleisuretime，可知affluence應(yīng)該是一個(gè)褒義詞，A是對(duì)affluence最恰當(dāng)?shù)睦斫狻?0、Whatwasmostpeople’sattitudetoward"flappers"?A、Theyregardedthesewomenastheiricons.B、Theyreckonedthesewomentobefashionable.C、Theyheapedhatreduponthesewomen.D、Theythoughtthesewomenweredegenerated.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：末段末句中的tomost表明這一句就是大多數(shù)人對(duì)flappers的看法，而句中的nothingbut．．．a(chǎn)decline表明D是本題答案。由末段倒數(shù)第2句可知A并不是大多數(shù)人的看法：末句表明大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為flapper是時(shí)代的象征，并不表示他們認(rèn)同flapper是“時(shí)髦的”，B不能由此句推斷；人們對(duì)flappers的看法更多的是批判，而不是憎恨，C也不正確。大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷第2套一、詞匯理解(本題共30題，每題1.0分，共30分。)Manycountrieshaveaholidaytocelebrateworkers'rightsonoraroundMay1,butLabourDayinCanadaiscelebratedonthefirstMondayofSeptember.Canada'sLabourDaywas【C1】______celebratedinthespringbutitwasmovedtothefallafter1894.TheoriginsofLabourDaycanbetracedbacktoApril15,1872,whentheTorontoTradesAssemblyorganizedCanada'sfirstsignificant【C2】______forworker'srights.Theaimofthedemonstrationwastoreleasethe24leadersoftheTorontoTypographicalUnionwhowereimprisonedfor【C3】______tocampaignforanine-hourworkingday.Atthistime,tradeunionswerestillillegalandwhattheydidwasseenasacriminalconspiracyto【C4】______trade.Inspiteofthis,theTorontoTradesAssemblywasalreadyasignificantorganizationandencouragedworkerstoformtradeunions,【C5】______indisputesbetweenemployersandemployeesandsignalledthe【C6】______ofworkers.Therewas【C7】______publicsupportfortheparadeandtheauthoritiescouldnolongerdenytheimportantrolethatthetradeunionshadtoplayinthe【C8】______Canadiansociety.Afewmonthslater,asimilarparadewasorganizedinOttawaandpassedthehouseofCanada'sfirstprimeminister,SirJohnMacdonald.Laterintheday,heappearedbeforethegatheringandpromisedto【C9】______allCanadianlawsagainsttradeunions.Thishappenedinthesameyearand【C10】______ledtothefoundingoftheCanadianLabourCongressin1883.Asimilarholiday,LabourDayisheldonthesamedayintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.Canadiantradeunionsareproudthatthisholidaywasinspiredbytheireffortstoimproveworkers'rights.A)disruptB)enormousC)lashedD)mutteringE)strikingF)mediatedG)originallyH)perpetualI)eventuallyJ)emergingK)gestureL)mistreatmentM)repealN)paradeO)practically1、【C1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：由was——celebrated動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)可知，此處應(yīng)填副詞。根據(jù)本句和下一句句意，勞動(dòng)節(jié)可追溯到1872年4月，后在1894年被改到秋季慶祝．可知此處意為“最初”，因此選originally。2、【C2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：N知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填名詞。根據(jù)句意分析，貿(mào)易聯(lián)合會(huì)組織了一場(chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)，其目的是要求政府釋放工人領(lǐng)袖，且這場(chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)和下一句demonstration表達(dá)的意思應(yīng)相近．巧合的是，第三段第一、二句中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的一詞parade本身即為選項(xiàng)，因此選parade“游行”。3、【C3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：由介詞for可知，此處應(yīng)填名詞或動(dòng)名詞。并且這個(gè)詞在意思上應(yīng)與下一句criminalconspiracy接近，句意為工人領(lǐng)袖由于要求實(shí)行9小時(shí)的工作制被政府關(guān)押收監(jiān)，他們的作為在當(dāng)時(shí)被視為犯罪陰謀，故選striking“罷工”。4、【C4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞。選項(xiàng)有兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞disrupt和repeal，根據(jù)句意：工人的罷工行為被政府視為犯罪陰謀，干擾貿(mào)易更符合題意，因此選disrupt“妨礙．干擾”。5、【C5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：由句中連詞and可知，此處應(yīng)填表示并列結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。可選項(xiàng)有l(wèi)ashed和mediated，短語(yǔ)mediateinsthbetween…and…更符合句意，調(diào)解勞資雙方的糾紛，故排除lashed而選mediated“調(diào)解”。6、【C6】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：L知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填名詞。因此，可選項(xiàng)有g(shù)esture、muttering和mistreatment。根據(jù)句意，曝光工人遭受的苛待符合題意，故選mistreatment“不公正的待遇”。7、【C7】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填形容詞?？蛇x項(xiàng)有enormous和perpetual，用來(lái)修飾名詞support．意為“民眾的大力支持有效地幫助游行者向政府施壓”，故enormous“大力的”更符合句意。8、【C8】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：J知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填形容詞。并且這個(gè)形容詞可以修飾名詞society，選項(xiàng)中只有emerging“新興的”符合題意，表示“新興的社會(huì)”。9、【C9】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：M知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞，且能與laws構(gòu)成搭配。可選項(xiàng)有disrupt和repeal，但disrupt已在前面的題目中選擇過(guò)，另外從句意來(lái)理解，總理承諾所有反對(duì)工會(huì)的法律條文，repeal“廢除”與句意相符。10、【C10】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：I知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填副詞?？蛇x項(xiàng)有eventually和practically。根據(jù)句意，事件發(fā)生有先后之分和因果關(guān)聯(lián)，1872年總理做出承諾，這促使了之后1883年勞工議會(huì)的成立。應(yīng)選eventually“最終”。Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhow【C1】______rewards,fromwarmpraisetocoldcash,affectmotivationandcreativity.Behaviourists,whostudytherelationbetweenactionsandtheirconsequences,arguethatrewardscanimproveperformanceatworkandschool.Cognitiveresearchers,whostudyvariousaspectsof【C2】______life,【C3】______thoserewardsoftendestroycreativitybyencouragingdependenceonapprovalandgiftsfromothers.Thelatterviewhasgainedmanysupporters,【C4】______amongeducators.Butthecarefuluseofsmall【C5】______rewardssparksingrade-schoolchildrensuggestingthatproperlypresentedinducementsindeed【C6】______inventiveness,accordingtoastudyintheJuneJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology."Iftheyknowthey'reworkingforarewardandcanfocusonarelatively【C7】______task,theyshowthemostcreativity,"saysRobertEisenbergeroftheUniversityofDelawareinNewark."Butit'seasytokillcreativitybygivingrewardsforpoorperformanceorcreatingtoomuch【C8】______forrewards."Ateacherwhocontinuallydrawsattentiontorewardsorwhohandsouthighgradesforordinaryachievementendsupwithuninspiredstudents,Eisenbergerholds.Asanexampleofthelatterpoint,henotesgrowingeffortsatmajoruniversitiestotightengradingstandardsand【C9】______fallinggrades.Inearliergrades,theuseofso-called【C10】______economies,inwhichstudentshandlechallengingproblemsandreceiveperformance-basedpointstowardvaluedrewards,showspromiseinraisingeffortandcreativity,theDelawarepsychologistclaims.A)maintainB)challengingC)eliminateD)internalE)hinderF)especiallyG)restoreH)monetaryI)ordinaryJ)aidK)externalL)anticipationM)generallyN)tokenO)mental11、【C1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：K知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填形容詞。根據(jù)本句句意“心理學(xué)家對(duì)于從熱情的贊美到冷酷的現(xiàn)金的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)會(huì)影響一個(gè)人的動(dòng)力和創(chuàng)造力持有截然不同的觀點(diǎn)”，可知warmpraisetocoldcash“熱情的贊美和冷酷的現(xiàn)金”都屬于externalrewards“外部的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)”，因此選external。12、【C2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：O知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填形容詞。根據(jù)句意分析。Cognitiveresearchers，whostudyvariousaspectsoflife“研究生活方面的認(rèn)知學(xué)研究專家”．此空應(yīng)和認(rèn)知學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域有關(guān)，縱觀選項(xiàng)，mental最合適，可指心理和精神，因此選mental。13、【C3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：從語(yǔ)法可知，由who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句將主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)分開(kāi)，此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞。再分析句意Cognitiveresearchers，whostudyvariousaspectsofmentallife，thoserewardsoftendestroycreativitybyencouragingdependenceonapprovalandgiftsfromothers．“研究精神生活方面的認(rèn)知學(xué)研究專家那些獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)破壞了創(chuàng)造性。因?yàn)楠?jiǎng)勵(lì)助長(zhǎng)了對(duì)他人的認(rèn)可和物質(zhì)方面的依賴”，縱觀選項(xiàng)．maintain“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，主張”符合題意。14、【C4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填副詞。可選項(xiàng)有兩個(gè)副詞有especially和generally，根據(jù)句意“后一種觀點(diǎn)贏得很多人的支持，教育學(xué)家”，especially“尤其”更符合題意，因此選especially。15、【C5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填形容詞。聯(lián)系前文，認(rèn)知學(xué)研究專家認(rèn)為那些獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)破壞了創(chuàng)造性，因?yàn)楠?jiǎng)勵(lì)助長(zhǎng)了對(duì)他人的認(rèn)可和物質(zhì)方面的依賴，這種觀點(diǎn)尤其得到了教育學(xué)家的支持，“但是……獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)……”，本句有轉(zhuǎn)折，平行閱讀后發(fā)現(xiàn)smallrewards和approvalandgifts應(yīng)表示同樣的意思，選項(xiàng)中monetary“金錢(qián)的”符合句意。16、【C6】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：J知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意“但是《人格與社會(huì)心理學(xué)》雜志六月的一項(xiàng)研究表明在小學(xué)生中合理使用小數(shù)額的物質(zhì)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)顯示適當(dāng)?shù)拇碳の飳?shí)際創(chuàng)造力”，該句和前文所講的物質(zhì)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)破壞創(chuàng)造力存在前后轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以該空意思應(yīng)該是鼓勵(lì)而不是hinder“阻礙”，選項(xiàng)中aid“有助于”符合句意。17、【C7】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填形容詞。可選項(xiàng)有challenging和ordinary，句意為“如果孩子們知道他們?cè)跒楂@得獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)而努力，并且能專注于相對(duì)的任務(wù)，那么他們就會(huì)表現(xiàn)出很強(qiáng)的創(chuàng)造力”，故challenging“挑戰(zhàn)的”更符合句意。18、【C8】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：L知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填名詞。該句句意為“但是如果孩子們表現(xiàn)糟糕也給予獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)．或者造成他們對(duì)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的過(guò)高，就很容易扼殺創(chuàng)造力”，選項(xiàng)中anticipation“期望”符合句意。19、【C9】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞。Asanexampleofthelatterpoint，henotesgrowingeffortsatmajoruniversitiestotightengradingstandardsandfallinggrades．“所以現(xiàn)在重點(diǎn)大學(xué)更加努力使評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)更嚴(yán)格，低分?！甭?lián)系該段前文大意，若老師太過(guò)關(guān)注獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，對(duì)于表現(xiàn)平庸的孩子也給予高分，這會(huì)培養(yǎng)出沒(méi)有創(chuàng)見(jiàn)的學(xué)生。所以在評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)嚴(yán)格之下，必有高分低分區(qū)別度，restore“恢復(fù)”低分．而不是eliminate“消除”低分。20、【C10】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：N知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填名詞或形容詞。根據(jù)句意Inearliergrades，theuseofso-called10economies，inwhichstudentshandlechallengingproblemsandreceiveperformance—basedpointstowardvaluedrewards…即“在較低的年級(jí)．實(shí)行制度，即學(xué)生處理挑戰(zhàn)性的問(wèn)題，根據(jù)其表現(xiàn)評(píng)分，以此決定得到什么價(jià)值的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)”?？芍笨諆?nèi)容應(yīng)該和valuedrewards意思一致，選項(xiàng)中token“代幣”意思接近。另外，如果學(xué)生有詞匯積累，tokeneconomies有“標(biāo)記獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)法，代幣方法”的意思，進(jìn)一步確認(rèn)答案為token。Manychildrenfirstlearnthevalueofmoneybyreceivinganallowance.Thepurposeistoletchildrenlearnfromexperienceatanagewhenfinancialmistakesarenotvery【C1】______.Theamountofmoneythatparentsgivetotheirchildrentospendastheywishdiffersfromfamilytofamily.【C2】______isanotherconsideration.Somechildrengetaweeklyallowance.Othersgetamonthlyallowance.Inanycase,parentsshouldmakeclearwhat,ifanything,thechildisexpectedtopayforwiththemoney.Atfirst,youngchildrenmayspendalloftheirallowance【C3】______aftertheyreceiveit.Iftheydothis,theywilllearnthehardwaythatspendingmustbedonewithina【C4】______.Parentsareusuallyadvisednottooffermoremoneyuntilthenextallowance.Theobjectistoshowyoungpeoplethatabudgetdemandschoicesbetween【C5】______andsaving.Olderchildrenmaybe【C6】______enoughtosavemoneyforlargercosts,likeclothingorelectronics.Allowancesgivechildrenachancetoexperiencethethingstheycandowithmoney.Theycanshareitintheformofgiftsorgivingtoagoodcause.Theycanspenditbybuyingthingstheywant.Ortheycansaveandmaybeeven【C7】______it.Savinghelpschildrenunderstandthatcostlygoalsrequire【C8】______:youhavetocutcostsandplanforthefuture.Requiringchildrentosavepartoftheirallowancecanalsoopenthedoortofuturesavingandinvesting.Manybanksoffer【C9】______tohelpchildrenandteenagerslearnaboutpersonal【C10】______.A)budgetB)loansC)spendingD)patienceE)costlyF)responsibleG)secureH)cheapI)sacrificeJ)TimingK)limitL)soonM)servicesN)investO)finance21、【C1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填形容詞。根據(jù)句意“很多孩子通過(guò)零花錢(qián)首次懂得金錢(qián)的價(jià)值。這樣的目的在于讓孩子在犯財(cái)務(wù)錯(cuò)誤代價(jià)不年齡學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)”，選項(xiàng)中形容詞costly和cheap可以備選，顯然句中意思是在犯財(cái)務(wù)錯(cuò)誤代價(jià)不高的年齡學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，所以應(yīng)選costly“昂貴的，代價(jià)高的”而不是cheap“便宜的”。22、【C2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：J知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填名詞。根據(jù)句意分析“是另一個(gè)考慮。有些孩子每周得到零花錢(qián)，有些孩子每月得到零花錢(qián)?！贝丝諔?yīng)和時(shí)間有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)中Timing表示“時(shí)機(jī)，時(shí)間安排”，復(fù)合句意，因此選Timing。23、【C3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：L知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：從語(yǔ)法可知，此處缺副詞。再分析句意“起初，年幼的孩子可能會(huì)在拿到零花錢(qián)后——花完了所有的錢(qián)。”縱觀選項(xiàng)，soon“很快”符合句意。24、【C4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填名詞。聯(lián)系前后句“起初，年幼的孩子可能會(huì)在拿到零花錢(qián)后很快花完了所有的錢(qián)。他們?nèi)绻@樣做了，就歷經(jīng)艱難學(xué)到開(kāi)支必須有”。這里所缺的名詞應(yīng)表示限制，范圍的意思。選項(xiàng)中budget和limit備選，budget“預(yù)算”更符合本篇的語(yǔ)境和題材，另外，下一段首句也再次出現(xiàn)了budget，因此選budget。25、【C5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填名詞。本句意思是“這樣做的目的是讓孩子們知道預(yù)算需要在和存款之間做出抉擇”，所缺名詞應(yīng)該表示和存款saving相反的意思，選項(xiàng)中spending“支出”符合句意。26、【C6】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填形容詞。根據(jù)句意“年紀(jì)大一點(diǎn)的孩子可能足夠，他們省錢(qián)以備應(yīng)付更大的開(kāi)支，比如說(shuō)衣服或者電子產(chǎn)品?！边x項(xiàng)中responsible“可靠的，負(fù)責(zé)的”符合句意。27、【C7】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：N知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞。本段大意是零用錢(qián)給了孩子們一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)去體驗(yàn)他們能用錢(qián)做的事，他們可以買(mǎi)自己想要的東西，“可以存起來(lái)甚至是”。根據(jù)邏輯分析，從花錢(qián)spend到存錢(qián)save，存在遞進(jìn)的關(guān)系，下一個(gè)名詞應(yīng)該表示再進(jìn)一步的關(guān)系．故invest“投資”比secure“保護(hù)”更符合句意。28、【C8】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：I知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填名詞。該句意為“儲(chǔ)蓄幫助孩子們明白，昂貴的目標(biāo)需要：必須精簡(jiǎn)開(kāi)支．為未來(lái)打算”．選項(xiàng)中sacrifice“犧牲”比patience“耐心”更符合句意。29、【C9】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：M知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填名詞。該句意為“許多銀行為兒童和青少年提供”。選項(xiàng)中