人教版新目標(biāo)初中八年級英語下冊每課精講精練　全冊

I.詞匯ofgoldfishtA:Whereareyougoing?A:Yes,Iamjustcoming.Waitforme.Iamgoingtobookaticket.二是表示意圖.二、Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)1.therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中的be是可以運用各種時態(tài)的。Thereisgoingtobeameetingtonight.今晚有個會議。Therehasbeenagirlwaitingforyou.有個女孩一直在等你。Therewillberainsoon.不久天就要下雨了。2.動詞be單復(fù)數(shù)形式要跟therebe之后的真正的主語一致。并且要根據(jù)就近一致原則來變換be的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。Howmanypeoplearethereinthecity?這個城市里有多少人口?Thereisapenandtwobooksonthedesk.課桌上有一個鋼筆和兩本書。Therearetwobooksandapenont3.在therebe引起的句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，用來修飾主語的不定式主動形式和被動Thereisnothingtodo.(=tob(口語)不可能無法知道他什么時候回來。無法知道他在做什么。1.Willpeopleusemoneyin100years?一百年后人們還會使用錢幣嗎?1)money金錢；貨幣papermoney紙幣；鈔票2)in100years在100年之后2.Therewillbelessleisuretime.空閑時間會更少。1)less形容詞：較少的(是little的比較級),修飾不可數(shù)名詞，其最高級是least;反義詞是more。2)leisuretime空閑時間eg.Whatdoyoudoinyourleisuretime?你空閑時間做些什么?eg.Didyouagreewithhim?你同5.WhatdoyouthinkSallywillbeinfiveyears?你認(rèn)為薩莉5年之后將會是如果go后面接副詞，不用to。eg.Hewenthomeatbeforesixyesterdayevening.他昨天晚上6點前回家語中because不能和so同時使用。goskating去滑冰goswimming去游泳goshopping去買東西gofishing去釣魚goboating去劃船9.DuringtheweekI'lllooks1)during表示“在...期間”,duringtheweek是介詞短語，意為“在工作日2)look表示“看上去”,用作連系動詞，其后接形容詞作表語。eg.Whatisthebooklike?=Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?A.Is,doingB.Does,doC.Do,doD.Did,doA.isB.hasC.doesA.willgetA.hasB.haveC.hadA.fliesB.flyingCA.willcomeA.thedaybeforeyesterdayB.lastA.climbB.areclimbingC.isclimbingA.did,flyB,will,flyA.winsB.wonC.willwinD.winII.句型與結(jié)構(gòu)I'llbebettertomorrow.2.Ginahassixclassestoday.(havealotofhomeworktonight)6.Theweatherisawfultoday.(bebett2.She'llhavealotofhomeworktonight.3.I'llsleeB:Well,IknowIbeasecretA:youhavethesamejobinfiveyears?Keys:will,won't,will,Will,won't1.Therewillbehouses2.Therewillbepol3.Therewillbeschools.4.Therewillbepeople.“cabletelevision”isthenamemo眾)toreceiveTVputtinguphighantennas.Acommunityantennawasusuallyplacedonahill,afeedprogramsintoemptychanD.anordinaryantennacannotpickA.Inacurve.BC.itonlyneedsabitofcableD.itcanpA.howtoputuphighantennasB.awayofpickingupbetterTVprogramsD.antennasforcableTV【單元目標(biāo)】1.單詞與短語stereo,loud,argue,original,serious,style,wsb.22.from...to...23.dropoff24.preparefor27.fillup28.takethemiddle4.Youshould...5.Youshouldn't...3.語法情態(tài)動詞的用法I【重難點分析】*情態(tài)動詞也可稱為“情態(tài)助動詞(ModalAuxiliaries)”,因為它和基本助動*情態(tài)動詞和其他動詞連用，可表示說話人的語氣。*情態(tài)動詞可表達建議、要求、可能和意愿等。*情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。這九大情態(tài)動詞；其他的還有oughtt1.現(xiàn)在式can--過去式could2.現(xiàn)在式may--過去式might3.現(xiàn)在式shall--過去式should4.現(xiàn)在式will--過去式would5.現(xiàn)在式must--過去式must(常用hadto來代替)(can,could,will,would,shall,should,must,oughtt句)3.Anybodycanmakemistake.(只表示理論上的可能性)任何人都可能犯錯2.Itmaysnowlaterthisafternoon.(表示預(yù)測)今天下午可能會下雪。1.Ithinkhewillbeallrightnow.(willbe表示一定會)我想他現(xiàn)在一定好2.Thatwouldbehismother.(wouldbe表示肯定是)那肯定是他母親。3.Hewillsittherehourafterhourlookingattheriver.(will表示經(jīng)常的)2.ThatshouldbeSamandhismother.(shouldbe)那準(zhǔn)是Sam和他的母親。2.Allmankindmustdie.(表示必然會發(fā)生的事)所有的人一定會死的。3.Mustn'ttherebeamistake?(mustn't多用于疑問句)那肯定會有錯誤嗎?(can,could,will,would,sha一件事嗎?(表示客氣請求)2.Whatshouldwedonext?(用should比shall表示更客氣)下一步我們該怎么做?1.Carsmustnotbeparkedhere.(mustnot表示不許可)此地不準(zhǔn)停車。1.arguev.爭論；爭吵arguewithsb.與某人吵架2.①eitheradv.(用于否定句)也②too也(用于肯定或疑問句)Ifyouhaveanyprobl4.thesameas...與……相同5.except除……以外；(不包括……在內(nèi))Myclasshasbeeninvitedexceptme.=OnlyIhaven'tbeeninvited.besides除……以外(包括在內(nèi))Therearefivemorevisitorsbesidesme.除了我之外還有5倍訪客What'swrongwithyourwatch?Itdoesn'twork.你的手表怎么了?它8.haveafightwithsb.=figh是指該句的主語把某物(往外)借給別人用2.①getsb.todo…使……做(以人為對象時，有“說服……使做……”的含義)②asksb.todo…邀請(人)做……③tellsb.todo…讓某人做某事例如：Theteachertoldhimtofinishthework3、callsb.(up)=givesb.acall意思是“別的”成“Idon'tknowwhatIshoulddo.”此句中youcoulddo是定語從句，修飾前面的名詞“things”15、beundertoomuchpressure.在太多的壓力下多事eg.Wesawthemplayingbask打籃球17、findithardtHefoundithardtolearnmathwell.他發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)好數(shù)學(xué)很難2.Idon'tknowifshetomorrow.ifsheA.comes,comesA.isB.areC.willhaveA.didn'ttoworryB.tonotworryC.notworryiA.ofB.withC.atD.toA.lentB.returned三.連詞成句：2.want,it,to,on,phone,I3.soccer,popular,is,ve4.have,a,fight,your,with,did,classmat;theweatheristerrible.Whatotherthingsdoweknowabousea.Theseacovers3/4oftheworld.TheseaiA.there'smuchmorewaterthanlandB.theseacoversthreefourthsoftheA.thewaterB.themountainclassmateyesterday?5.Therewillbelesspollutioninthefuture.well,buy,cut,land,while,experience,strange,around,follow,clanywhere,happen,accident,modern,bright,silence,3.Howabout.../Whatabout...?4.Whath3.語法1.過去進行時一.過去進行時night/Sunday/week.),at+點鐘+yesterday(lastnight/Sunday...),whensb.didsthWhatwereyoudoingat7p.m.yesterday?昨天晚上七點你在干什么?WhenthecarexplodedIwaswalkingpastit.=WhileIw二.情態(tài)動詞(ModalVerbs)Ⅱ①.Eachmembershallwearanamecard.(表示規(guī)定)每一個會員必須配帶名勸告的意思)①.Paymentmaybepaidbycheck.(表示規(guī)定)應(yīng)以支票付款。②.Youmightaskbeforeyouusemycomputer.(might表示應(yīng)該)③.MustIpaynow?(用于疑問句)(如回答不必時，需用needn't或don't①.I'llcallyouassoonaspossible.(will主要用于第一人稱)我會盡快打電話給你。請嗎?④.Wewon't(willnot)stayheretoolong.(willnot表示不愿)我們不愿呆在這里太久。①.Shewilldoitifyouaskher.(表示主語的意愿)如果你問她，她會做的。杯茶嗎?些烤餅嗎?⑤.Wouldyouexcuseme?(would表示婉轉(zhuǎn)語氣)你能原諒我嗎?三.重點詞匯3.landv.登岸；登陸；降落5.rightadv.正好；恰好8.anywhereadv.到處；無論哪里(用于否定句Whathappenedtohimonthatday?那天他怎么了?(發(fā)生了什么事?)sth.happento+名詞發(fā)生于...…身上SheisstayingatMashesawthealiengetout.她看見外星人出來.四.詞語辨析e.g.:Thereisacarinfrontofthehouse.房子前日面有一輛車in(at)thefrontof在...的前頭，前排(列)(在一個范圍內(nèi)的前面部位)eg.Shesatinthefrontofthebus.她坐在公交車的前排beamazed(atsth./todo.../that從句)(某人)對..(因.而)大感驚訝(指人作我們對這個消息感到非常驚訝.besurprising令人驚奇的(用法與beamazing一樣，也是修飾事物的)besurprised(atsth./todo.../that從句)(某人)對..(因.而)感到驚奇，用法與besurprised在那次事故中傷得很重。onatree在樹上(指長在樹上的東西)eg.HerflighttoParisistakThinkabout(doing)sth.她未想到去車站外看看.insilence狀語(狀態(tài))Notall并不是所有的(部分否定)As...as...與一樣(as與as之間用形容詞、副詞的原級)宇航員行持續(xù)了22個小時。為好事嗎?檢測練習(xí)：songforthe77thAnnualA.leaveD.landson4.TedwhilehehisbicycleandhurtA.makesB.ismakingA.talkedB.wastalkingA.toplantA.outB.offC.onD.upA.surprisedB.surpriseC.surprisingA.leftB.wasleavingC.willA.BecauseB.SinceC.WhileD.IfA.getupB.gotupC.gettingupD.togetup3.(Jackalwayshasdiff5.(Bill'sroomisn'tveryinteresting2.while,walking,was,car,the,exp4.I,speaking,to,you,you,the,were,whilehigh.Someliveneartheoceans.Otherslivefarfromtheoceans.aroundthem.TheselaEarthhasmanydifferentbodiesofwater,too.Youknowabouttheoceans.Thereareverylargebodiesofwater.Thewatefromtheland.Theyarelongbodiesofrunningwater.Thewaterinriversisnotsalty.Mostlakesdonothavesa4.What'sthemeaningoftheword“coast”?A.海島B.海岸C.海洋D.海灘.Reviewofunits1—3一.重點詞匯as作為連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，“當(dāng)Asheexploredthesea,hetookalotofpictures.他在探海時，拍了許多照片。還可以引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，只說明一般的因果關(guān)系，語氣比because弱，說明比較明顯的原因，它引導(dǎo)的從句通常放在句首，有時也放在句尾。Asthecarisexpensive,wecan'tbuyit.由于汽車太貴，我們買不起。Aseverybodyhascome,wecansetoff.既然大家都到了，我們可以動身了。AssoonashearrivedinFrance,hecalledme.他一到法國，就給我打電話。基本句式：A、主語+謂語(系動詞)+as+原級形容詞+as...XiaoLiisastallashisbrother.小李和他哥哥一樣高。Yourjacketisasnewasmine.你的茄克衫和我的一樣新。B、主語+謂語(行為動詞)+as+原級副詞+as...一樣認(rèn)真。few或afew在句中修飾可數(shù)名詞，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；也可用來代替復(fù)Fewpeoplelivedheremanyyearsago.許多年前幾乎沒有人住在這兒。Look!Youmadeafewmistakesinyourhomework.看!你在作業(yè)中出了—Howmuchwinedidhehavelastnight?昨天晚上他喝了多少酒?詞時有區(qū)別：alittle可直接修飾不可數(shù)名詞；而abit則要與of搭配才能修飾Thismorningheonlyhadabitofmilkforbreakfast.今天早上他早餐只喝Theboyisn'tabithWeallpassedtheexambesidesTom.除了湯姆外，我們也都及格了(湯姆也及格了)二.重點句型地點狀語?”→Ifyoursonfeelssowellthathtodosth.與so...that...轉(zhuǎn)換時，應(yīng)用句中形容詞的反義詞或?qū)hat從句改為否定句。Heistooyoungtojointhearmy.→Heissoyoungthathecansth和too...to結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式前加上“forsb.(sth.)”的短語?！鶷hemathsproblemistoodiff3.like后既可接動詞-ing形式，也可接動詞不定式。含HelikesswimminginSummer.(表示習(xí)慣愛好)It'sveryhot.Hewou三.綜合檢測I.看圖，根據(jù)句意將單詞填寫完整。2.Somescnttsbelievethatthere A.much,afewB.little,4.一isitfromourschoolto—Abouthalfanhour'sbusride.Shallwegoandvisiti A.readB.readingC.seA.somanyB.suchmanyC.manytooD.manysuchcounting,can'tthey?Ispentthewhole5math!”takesus10th2.A.ThoughB.BecauseC.ButD.So3.A.learnB.teachC.studyIV.閱讀理解22:30OlympicGamesChannel9.2.Atnight,Mr.RobertwantstoknowtheresultsoftheOlympicGamesoftheA.Channel2,women'stennissinglefinalB.Channel2,men'staC.Channel8,men'shighjumpfinalD.Channel9,specialreportmorning.Hehastofinishhishomeworkfirst.SowhichprogramcanheA.CrayonShinchan.B.Sunrise.C.Sp4.Tonyisabasketballfan.WA.Surprised.B.Disappointed.C.Interestedbroken.broken.IⅡ.單項選擇常接第二人稱you,shall接第一人稱I和we。故此題答案選C。3.此題考查學(xué)生對little/alittle,few/afew的理解。alittle/little修飾不可4.本題考查疑問詞的用法。howlong指時間長短，如two本題halfanhour'sbusride指的是距離，故選C。II.完形填空IV.閱讀理解4.off1.單詞與短語直接引語和間接引語【詞匯學(xué)習(xí)】2.anymoreadv.再；還(用于否定句)3.howeveradv.無論如何Hecananswerthequestionhoweverharditis.不管問題有多難他都能4.supposev.假定；認(rèn)為；料想；期望7.disappointingadj.令人失望的9.getmad變瘋；變得著迷Canwegetoverthisdifficul13.besupposedto被期望或被要求...【重點句型分析】事?bemadat(with)sb.對某人惱火bemadat(about)sth.(doingsth.)對某事惱火(此處的gotmadat=wasmadanot...anymore不再eg.Shedidn'tcryanymore.她不再哭了。4.bringsomebookstoherhouse.給她帶來一些書bringsth.to從(遠處)帶來，拿來(到近處)“從(近處)拿(走)到(遠處)eg.Couldyoubringsomewatertome?PleasetakethechairtoJim'sroom.意賓語從句的語序。(陳述語序)7.Youweresupposedtomeetatthebusbesupposedtodo被期望，應(yīng)該(做...)【課文解析】eg.Aretheybetteratplayingdowellin在.方面做得好eg.Doesshedowellinphysics?注意1:此句中的三個動詞都是過去時，即時態(tài)的一致性注意2:中英文語序(否定詞的位置)的不同7.Shesaiditwasmuchbetterifshedin每年他們都往中國的鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)派100名志愿者去教send...to...派，送..到...10.Hervillagewas2000metersabovesealevel.她的村莊位于海拔2千米。11.thethinairmademakesb.do使某人干某事(此處只能用動詞原形，不能+to)18.carefor“MotherEarth”關(guān)心“地球母親”前者是形容詞，可作表語、定語；如：ahard-workingstudent;HeisTomsaidtome,“Mybrotherisdoinghishomework.”2.人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等等的變化；根據(jù)意義進行Hesaid,“Thesebooksaremine.”→He決任何事情?！?.疑問句的間接引語陳述語序，句末用句號，動詞時態(tài)等的變化與間接陳述句相同。引述動詞常用(1).一般疑問句由直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，由whether或if引導(dǎo)?！鶭imaskedwhether/ifhehadeverworkedinShanghai.吉姆問他是否在“Canyoutellmethewaytothehospital?”Theoldmanasked.“Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?”Sheasked.她問“你怎么看這部電影?”姆的?”當(dāng)祈使句變?yōu)殚g接引語時，間接祈使句的引述動詞常用tell,ask,order,beg,request,order等，而把直接祈使句變成帶to的不定式短語。到我家來?！绷??！眀ringtheweek/monthetc.be“XiaoMingisdoingsomewashing”Mu練習(xí)8.“Makegooduseofyourtime.”Mr.Liadv9.HeaskedLiYing“WereyouwatchingTVatthistimeyester11.BettyaskedmeifBettyaskedme,“athome?”Shesaid,“foraweek.”13.Mr.SmithsaidMr.Smithsaid,“Johnallaboutitthreeweeks.”thattime.Theteacheraskedhissttime?”15.Theteacheraskeduswhethe Theteacheraskedus,“?” 16.TheteachertoldherThefeacherher,“l(fā)ateanymore!”Mydoctorme,inbed.”20.Themonitortoldusthatweweregoingtohaveameetingthenextdaabouttheproblem.OneoftheexamplewasamaninEngland800yeaballoonwithit?Theballoonwasmadeofclothandpaper.InSeptemberofthatyear,theKingandQueenofFrancecametoseetheballoon.Theywatchthing.On21November,PilatredeRozierandtheMarquisaArlanderoA.ahelicopterB.parachuteC.designsformachinesD.nothingA.hotairrisesB.itismadeo24.On21November,PilatredeRozierandtheMarquB.inacompletelydifferentballoonC.inanother'hotairB.HotAirBalloonsAC.DesignsForMachinesThatWouldF4.Maryaskedmewhether/ifIshouldcarryherbagforher.5.MyfriendJackaskedmeifIknewhername.6.Johnaskedmewherethene7.Ourteachertoldusnottoloo8.Mr.Liadvisedustomakegooduseofourtime.【單元目標(biāo)】舉行聚會嘲笑鍛煉游世界努力工作wearjeans穿牛仔褲獲得教育1.if條件句是“如果”的意思。構(gòu)成條件從句主句時態(tài)If+一般現(xiàn)在時主語+shall/will+ 動詞原形 2.用法：Ifitrainstomorrow,Ishan'tclimbthehills.IfIgotocollege,Iwillneverbecomeagreatsoccerplayer.二.現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來的時間A:Yes,Iamjustcoming.Waitforme.Sheishavingameetingat9tomorrow.她明天早晨9點有個會。IV.重點難點分析(數(shù)量多)”;muchtoo后接形容詞，用來說明程度的，意思是“太……(程度深)”如：muchtooheavy太重了(表程度)befamousfor表示“因……而出名”,for后接表示出名的原因；befamousas則表示“以……身份而著名”,as后接職業(yè)、身份或Franceisfamousasaromanticcountry.法國作為一個浪漫的國3.Iwantyoutoremembertherulesforschoolparti5.Ifwehaveittoday,halftheclasswon'tcome.6.reasonsforbecomingaprofessionalathlete贊同成為一名職業(yè)運Whichteamdidyouvotefor?你投票給哪一個隊(組)?7.reasonsagainstbecomingagainstprep.注意：介詞后面用名詞或動詞ing的形式eg.Areyouagainstmyplan?你反對我的計劃嗎?begin…with…“以…開始(開頭)”eg.Thewordbeginswith“s”.這個詞以“s”開頭。9.consequence后果、結(jié)果eg.Weshouldconsidertheconseqeg.Afterhebecamefamous,hemightdo或許，說不定(一般表示比may較低的可能性)2.You'llbeabletomakealivingdoingsomethingyoulovbeableto+動詞原形，“有能力做某事”eg.Look!Themonkeysarerunningandjumpingeverywhere副詞(adv.)到處7.You'llhaveadwhoyourrealfriendsare是一個賓語從句，它作knowing一詞的賓語，howtogettoyourhouse是不定式作remember一詞的賓語(此處不定式是指一個特殊疑問詞+to+動詞原形)10.gobackhome回到家，此句可以換成returnhome12.Howmanyaliensdyetheirhairbrown?多少外星人把他們的頭發(fā)染成棕色?VI.詞語辨析用之后+名詞。成員”jointheLeague入團eg.Won'tyoujoinusin②takepartin(動詞短語)指參加(某種活動)嗎?一.單項選擇1.ThevolleyballmatcA.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.isA.isgoingtohaveB.willbplayA.difficultB.themost5.Excuseme.Couldyoutellme?A.where'stheteachers'officeB.where6.Iwon'tgoifitA.rainB.israiningC.rainsD.willrainA.takeoffB.putonC.takeoutDA.getonwithB.hurryupC.giveA.fatB.faterC.fatterD.fattestA.muchtooB.manytooC.toomuchD.tomany二.用下列詞語的正確形式填空三.根據(jù)漢語意思，完成下列句子1.如果你向他請求，他會幫助你。Ifyouhim,heyou.2.我說那天是星期二，實際上是星期一。3.為了趕火車，她匆匆做完了她的工作。 5.我們玩得很快樂。WehavethemeaningofeverywordinEnglish.Whenyouread,youwilloftenfindmany2youdpartsofthenewword.Forexample,ifaworditisnot9toknowthepartsofanewwordtoundersta2.A.books3.A.stop4.A.findB.get5.A.inB.offC.upD.by6.A.canB.might(可能)C.shouldD.mustgotthemallopenintheend.ButtA.thefrontofthehouseB.thebackofthehouseC.thefrontwindowsD.A.threeB.fourC.fiveD.seven5.NexttimetheywillasC.theyhavenomorepaintandbrushesD.theyreallywant6.Whichistherightorder(順序)forthisa.Theystartedwiththefrontofthehouse.b.Theybrokesomeofthewindows.d.TheybeganwiththebackofthehousA.edabcB.abcdeC.cedab一.項B符合Therebe...句型要求。1.leaving現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來。2.laughedat因他的傻話三.4.ifthatwas四.注意前后文之間的聯(lián)系，易錯的是第3題和第5題。一.重點詞匯短語Theusedcarisstillworth$200.這輛二手車依然值200美元。這個展覽會值得去參觀嗎?when既可用于一點時間(從句的謂語動詞需用終止性動詞),也可用于一段時間(從句的動詞用延續(xù)性動詞),從句與主句里面的謂語動詞所表示的動在洗衣服。Istayedtillsunset,whenitbegantorain.我一直呆到太陽下山，天開始instead是副詞，意為“代替”,“頂替”,在句中作例如：(代替)車去(代替)(對比)begoodat意為“在…方面好”,“擅長于”,后面也可接名詞、代詞或動詞例如：二.重點語法I.直接引語和間接引語在直接引語中在間接引語中指示代詞時間狀語地點狀語動詞時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在完成時一般過去時過去完成時一般將來時一般過去時過去進行時過去完成時過去完成時(不變)過去將來時動詞變化Theteachersaid,“Iamveryhappytohearthenews.”態(tài)的變化)Heaskedme,“Areyoufreetomorrow?”狀語的變化)whom,what,whose,how,when,why,where等。Myteacheraskedme,“Don'tlaugh.”→Myteacheraskedmenottolaugh.Theytoldtheirson,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”A:Yes,Iamjustcoming.Waitforme.三.檢測練習(xí) 1.thehelpofourteacher,we'vemadegreatprogress.2“Whatcanfromthespace?”“Sorry,Idon'tknow.”A.usuallyB.asusuallyA.wascookingB.cookedA.fellbehindB.felldownC.felloverChessmustbeoneoftheoldestgamesintheworld.AnArabtravelsays,“checkmate”.ThesewordscomefromPersian.“Shahmat”means"thekingisthishashappened!Chesstakestimeandthought,games!Itissaidthatsomepeopleplaychess