暑假作業(yè)01動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)一般時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)

完成時(shí)間：月日天氣：作業(yè)01動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)(一般時(shí)、進(jìn)行時(shí)）一、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)(以動(dòng)詞do為例)現(xiàn)在時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)一般時(shí)do/doesdidshall/willdoshould/woulddo進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/aredoingwas/weredoingshall/willbedoingshould/wouldbedoing完成時(shí)have/hasdonehaddoneshall/willhavedoneshould/wouldhavedone完成進(jìn)行時(shí)have/hasbeendoinghadbeendoingshall/willhavebeendoingshould/wouldhavebeendoing一般時(shí)(一)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(do/does；is/am/are)1．表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有always，usually，often，sometimes，everyday等。Iusuallydomyhomeworkintheeveningeveryday.我通常每天晚上做作業(yè)。2．按時(shí)間表、時(shí)刻表、日程表等安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。只限于go,arrive，leave，start，stay，return，begin，e等動(dòng)詞。Myflighttakesoffat5：00am.我的航班早上五點(diǎn)起飛。3．在時(shí)間、條件等狀語(yǔ)從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。They'llstandbyyouevenifyoudon'tsucceed．即使你不成功，他們也會(huì)支持你。(二)一般過(guò)去時(shí)(did；was/were)1．表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與yesterday，lastyear，justnow,theotherday，twoweeksago等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。Hearrivedatschoolat9：00amyesterday.他昨天上午九點(diǎn)到學(xué)校。2．根據(jù)上下文或主從句提示。Weoftenplayedtogetherwhenwewerechildren.我們小時(shí)候經(jīng)常在一起玩。單句語(yǔ)法填空1．ThisancientChineseart,knownasdragonscalebookbinding(裝訂),________(stretch)backmorethan1，000yearstotheTangdynasty.[2023·武漢市部分學(xué)校調(diào)研]2．Intherace,adrummer________(use)alargetraditionalwoodendrumtokeepthepaddlersonthebeat,whileasteersmaninthebackkeepsthemintheirlane.[2023·南京市高三年級(jí)學(xué)情調(diào)研]3．Accordingtothelatestdata,thetotalareaofChina'smangroveforestsin2020________(be)289squarekilometers,andover70squarekilometersofmangrovesarenewlyplantedandrestorednow.[2023·山東省高三百師聯(lián)盟聯(lián)考]1．答案與解析：stretches動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在本句中作謂語(yǔ)。此處描述了一個(gè)客觀事實(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；stretchback意為“追溯到”，無(wú)被動(dòng)；主語(yǔ)ThisancientChineseart為單數(shù)概念。故填stretches。2．答案與解析：uses動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)該句中的“keeps”，再結(jié)合句意可知，該句陳述的是風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；該句主語(yǔ)是adrummer，為第三人稱單數(shù)，故用uses。3．答案與解析：was考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：根據(jù)最新數(shù)據(jù)，2020年中國(guó)紅樹林總面積為289平方公里。根據(jù)in2020可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，結(jié)合主語(yǔ)thetotalarea“面積”，為不可數(shù)名詞。進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)①表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)相對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：now,rightnow,atpresent,atthismoment,thesedays等。Idon'treallyworkhere;Iamjusthelpingoutuntilthenewsecretaryarrives.我真的不在這里工作，只是在幫忙，直到新秘書來(lái)。②表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常用的這類動(dòng)詞有：go，e，leave，arrive，start，move等，可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示即將發(fā)生或計(jì)劃要做的動(dòng)作。Heisleavingtomorrowtoplayhisfirstmatch.他明天要去打他的第一場(chǎng)比賽。③與always,often,forever,constantly,continually等連用時(shí)，表示贊賞或厭惡等感情色彩，而非強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。Heisalwayshelpingothers.他總是幫助其他人。2．過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)①表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作(這一過(guò)去時(shí)間需用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)表示)。與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)相對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：then,atthattime,atthistimeyesterday等。SusanhadquitherwellpaidjobandwasworkingasavolunteerintheneighborhoodwhenIvisitedherlastyear.去年我去拜訪蘇珊時(shí)，她已經(jīng)辭去了收入豐厚的工作，在附近做志愿者。②表示過(guò)去計(jì)劃或安排在將來(lái)會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(只限于plan,e,go,leave,arrive,start,move,sail,fly,travel,stay等)。Hesaid(that)shewasarrivingthenextday.他說(shuō)她第二天會(huì)到達(dá)。3．將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間里正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常與at(時(shí)刻)tomorrow,inthenexttwomonths等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。I'llbedoingsomehouseworktomorrowafternoon.明天下午我將要干些家務(wù)活。4．現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)①表示開始于過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作。這一動(dòng)作可能剛完成，也可能繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去。常與thesedays，recently，lately，inthepast/lastfew＋時(shí)間段；since＋時(shí)間點(diǎn)；for＋時(shí)間段等連用。Alltheseyearstheyhavebeencontributingarticlestoourmagazine.這些年來(lái)，他們一直為我們雜志寫稿。②表示到目前為止的一段時(shí)間里一直在反復(fù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Wehavebeenseeingeachotherquitealotrecently.最近我們常常見面。單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子1．Nowthelocalauthorities________(work)tostandardizeandmodernizeoperationsattherestaurantstoturnthebrandintoasuccessfulandsafefoodbusinessworldwide.[2023·遼寧省五校聯(lián)考]2．Listen!Mary________________________．聽！瑪麗正在教室里唱一首英文歌。3．He________________________from3：00to5：00yesterdayafternoon.昨天下午從3點(diǎn)到5點(diǎn)他一直在家看電視。4．They____________________atthestation.他們會(huì)在車站接我們的。1．答案與解析：areworking動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞“Now”和語(yǔ)境可知，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；主語(yǔ)thelocalauthorities是復(fù)數(shù)，與work之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填areworking。2．issinginganEnglishsongintheclassroom3．waswatchingTVathome4．willbemeetingus全球最重圈養(yǎng)大熊貓寶寶誕生Afemalegiantpandacubweighing270.4gramsbecametheworld's1(heavy)captivepandanewborneverregistered,apandaresearchcenterinsouthwestChina'sSichuanProvincesaidonWednesday.Cuicui,216yearoldpanda,gavebirthtothecubattheWolongShenshupingpandabaseat9:39p.m.onAugust5,3(break)thepreviousbirthweightrecordof249gramsheldbyapandabornin2021,accordingtotheChinaConservationandResearchCenterforGiantPanda.Thecub'sdeliveryprocesswasworrisomeas4tookCuicuialongtimetoexhibitanylaborreactionafterherwaterbroke,accordingtoChengJianbin,Cuicui'skeeper.Thebabypandawaseventuallybornnearly40hoursafterCuicui'swaterbroke.ThelasttimeCuicuigavebirthwasin2018,5allherpreviouscubsweighedover200grams,Chengsaid,addingthatCuicuiis6(extreme)maternalandverygoodattakingcareofheryoung.Asthepandasareenteringtheirgestationperiodsoneafteranother,their7(keep)aretakingshiftsaroundtheclock8(monitor)thebearsthroughcamerasoronsite,offeringtimelyanalysistoensurethesmoothdeliveryandsafetyofthecubs.SinceJune,sixpandasatthecenterhavegivenbirthtocubs.Thecenter9(wele)11newcubssofar,withfivepairsoftwins.Thisbirthingseason10(expect)tolastuntiltheendofAugust.1.heaviest42.a43.breaking44.it45.and46.extremely47.keepers48.tomonitor49.hasweled50.isexpected【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道，據(jù)中國(guó)大熊貓保護(hù)研究中心（以下簡(jiǎn)稱“熊貓中心”）消息，熊貓中心大熊貓“翠翠”于近日在臥龍神樹坪基地產(chǎn)下一雌性幼崽，體重270.4克，這是迄今為止全球圈養(yǎng)大熊貓出生體重最重的熊貓幼崽。1.heaviest。本題考查形容詞最高級(jí)用法。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境這里放在全球這個(gè)范圍，應(yīng)該用最高級(jí)。故填heaviest。2.a。本題考查不定冠詞用法。216yearoldpanda作主語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)，第一次提到，應(yīng)用不定冠詞。故填a。3.breaking。本題考查現(xiàn)在分詞用法。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境這里應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，同時(shí)與句子主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填breaking。4.it。本題考查代詞it用法。這里考查Ittakessbtimetodosth。It用作形式主語(yǔ)。故填it。5.and。本題考查并列句用法。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境這里應(yīng)用and連接并列句。故填and。6.extremely。本題考查副詞用法。修飾動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用副詞。故填extremely。7.keepers。本題考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)用法。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境這里應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示“大熊貓飼養(yǎng)員”。故填keepers。8.tomonitor。本題考查動(dòng)詞不定式用法。這里應(yīng)用單詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填tomonitor。9.hasweled。本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)用法。sofar表示“到現(xiàn)在為止”，應(yīng)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。故填hasweled。10.isexpected。本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法。Beexpectedtodo表示“期待做某事”。故填isexpected。閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Whilericeandwheatarethetwomostmonlyconsumedgrainsworldwide,astudy1(cover)morethan100,000peopleinNorthwestChinahasrevealedthatchoosingriceasastaplefood(主食)mayresult2alowerriskofobesity.ResearchersfromXi’anJiaotongUniversitycollecteddatafromparticipants,agedbetween30sand70s,3areresidentsoffivenorthwesternprovinciallevelregions.Theparticipants4(respond)toquestionnairesviafacetofaceinterviews,providinginformationabouttheirmedicalhistoryandlifestyle,suchasalcoholconsumption,smokingandphysicalactivity.5(make)abetteranalysis,theresearchersdividedtheparticipantsintothreegroupsaccordingtotheirweeklyriceandwheatintake,withsimilar6(frequent).Theresultsshowthatricepreferencemayberelatedtoalowerriskofcertainobesitytypesin7populationofNorthwestChina.Whenwheatloverschangedtheirstaplefoodtoricefivetimesperweek,showeda36.5percentlowerriskofnormalweightobesityinmenanda20.5percentlowerriskofnormalweight8(center)obesityinwomen.Theresearchersconcludedthat9(pare)withapreferenceforwheat,apreferenceforrice,orchangingfromwheattorice,couldbeassociatedwithlowerrisksofoverallfataccumulation,10(especial)forindividualswithnormalweight.1.covering2.in3.who4.responded5.Tomake6.frequency7.the8.central9.pared10.especially【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。大米和小麥?zhǔn)鞘澜缟献畛１蝗藗兪秤玫膬煞N谷物。一項(xiàng)覆蓋中國(guó)西北10余萬(wàn)人的研究顯示，以大米為主食可能會(huì)降低肥胖風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。1.考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：雖然大米和小麥?zhǔn)鞘澜缟献畛Ｊ秤玫膬煞N谷物，但一項(xiàng)覆蓋中國(guó)西北地區(qū)10萬(wàn)多人的研究顯示，選擇大米作為主食可能會(huì)降低肥胖的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。分析句子可知，句子的謂語(yǔ)是hasrevealed，cover為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，study與cover之間是主謂關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。故填covering。2.考查介詞。句意：雖然大米和小麥?zhǔn)鞘澜缟献畛Ｊ秤玫膬煞N谷物，但一項(xiàng)覆蓋中國(guó)西北地區(qū)10萬(wàn)多人的研究顯示，選擇大米作為主食可能會(huì)降低肥胖的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。resultin“導(dǎo)致”是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，符合句意。故填in。3.考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：西安交通大學(xué)的研究人員收集了參與者的數(shù)據(jù)，他們年齡在30歲到70歲之間，是西北五個(gè)省級(jí)地區(qū)的居民。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞participants在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，指人，用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)從句。故填who。4.考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：參與者通過(guò)面對(duì)面的訪談回答問(wèn)卷，提供有關(guān)他們的病史和生活方式的信息，如飲酒、吸煙和體育活動(dòng)。根據(jù)前文中collected可知，講述的是過(guò)去的事情，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填responded。5.考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：為了進(jìn)行更好的分析，研究人員根據(jù)參與者每周大米和小麥的攝入量將他們分為三組，頻率相似。此處用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，單詞to在句首，首字母大寫。故填Tomake。6.考查不可數(shù)名詞。句意：為了進(jìn)行更好的分析，研究人員根據(jù)參與者每周大米和小麥的攝入量將他們分為三組，頻率相似。介詞with后接名詞作賓語(yǔ)，frequency是不可數(shù)名詞。故填frequency。7.考查定冠詞。句意：研究結(jié)果表明，西北地區(qū)人群對(duì)大米的偏好可能與某些肥胖類型的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較低有關(guān)。名詞population后接介詞短語(yǔ)ofNorthwestChina作后置定語(yǔ)，加the表示特指。故填the。8.考查形容詞。句意：當(dāng)愛吃小麥的人每周五次把主食換成大米時(shí)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)男性患正常體重肥胖的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低了36.5%，女性患正常體重中心型肥胖的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低了20.5%。此處用形容詞修飾后面的名詞obesity。故填central。9.考查過(guò)去分詞。句意：研究人員得出結(jié)論，與偏愛小麥相比，偏愛大米，或者從小麥換成大米，可能會(huì)降低總體脂肪積累的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，尤其是對(duì)體重正常的人來(lái)說(shuō)。分析句子可知，pare為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)，pare與主語(yǔ)apreference之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。故填pared。10.考查副詞。句意：研究人員得出結(jié)論，與偏愛小麥相比，偏愛大米，或者從小麥換成大米，可能會(huì)降低總體脂肪積累的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，尤其是對(duì)體重正常的人來(lái)說(shuō)。此處要用副詞形式especially修飾作狀語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)空格后的內(nèi)容。故填especially。二閱讀下列材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式(不超過(guò)3個(gè)單詞)。Doyouknowspringrolls?Springrolls,1nameisatranslationoftheChinesechunjuan,are2varietyoffilled,rolleddimsumfoundinEastAsianandSoutheastAsiancuisine.InChina,thepastspringrollswereregardedasaseasonalfood3(eat)duringthespring.Theystartedasapancakerollsstuffedwiththenewseason’sspringvegetables.Nowadays,springrollscanbeenjoyedthroughouttheyearandtheyareusuallyservedasan4(amaze)starterforparties.Friedspringrollsaregenerallysmall.Theycanbesweetorsalty;theformerareoftenfilled5redbeanpaste(紅豆餡)andthelatterare6(typical)preparedwithvegetables.Nonfriedspringrollsareusually7(big)thanthefriedones.Unlikefriedspringrolls,nonfriedspringrolls8(make)byfillingthewrapperswithmanydifferentprecooked9(ingredient).Traditionally,theyarefoodfortheColdFoodFestivalandtheTombSweepingDayinspring10(remember)ancestors.1.whose2.a3.eaten4.amazing5.with6.typically7.bigger8.aremade9.ingredients10.toremember【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了中國(guó)民間節(jié)日的一種傳統(tǒng)食品——春卷。1.考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：春卷，這個(gè)名字是中文“春卷”的翻譯，是東亞和東南亞美食中常見的各種餡卷點(diǎn)心。分析句子可知，空格處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞Springrolls，先行詞與從句中的name之間為所屬關(guān)系，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)從句。故填whose。2.考查冠詞。句意：春卷，這個(gè)名字是中文“春卷”的翻譯，是東亞和東南亞美食中常見的各種餡卷點(diǎn)心。avarietyof固定搭配，意為“各種各樣的”。故填a。3.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在中國(guó)，過(guò)去的春卷被認(rèn)為是春天吃的應(yīng)季食品。分析句子成分可知，wereregardedas是句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，空格處動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞food，food和eat之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。故填eaten。4.考查形容詞。句意：它們通常是派對(duì)上開胃菜。修飾名詞starter，應(yīng)用所給詞的形容詞形式，amazing“了不起的”符合題意。故填amazing。5.考查介詞。句意：前者通常餡料是紅豆沙。befilledwith固定搭配，意為“充滿，裝滿”。故填with。6.考查副詞。此空用在被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中，修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)用副詞形式。故填typically。7.考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：非油炸春卷通常比油炸春卷大。根據(jù)空格后than可知，空格處用形容詞比較級(jí)。故填bigger。8.考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：與油炸春卷不同，非油炸春卷是用許多不同的預(yù)先煮熟的材料填滿外皮做成的。分析句子可知，空格處是句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主語(yǔ)springrolls與動(dòng)詞make之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系；又因?yàn)楸径侮愂鲆话阈允聦?shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填aremade。9.考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。分析句子可知，空格處前有manydifferentprecooked，因此應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填ingredients。10.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：傳統(tǒng)上，它們是寒食節(jié)和清明節(jié)的食物，用來(lái)紀(jì)念祖先。分析句子可知，空格處用不定式表示目的。故填toremember。三閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.Someofour___1___arefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwerelittle.Once,we___2___alongChalkCreek.Iwas___3___thatour15montholdboywouldfallintothecreek(小溪).Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlastedabouttenminutes.Hewas___4___,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.So___5___tyinghimup,Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.It___6___—hedidn’tendupinthecreek.Mythreeyearold,however,did.Anothertime,werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclearwhenwe___7___,butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly___8___ourpeacefulmorningtrip.The___9___pickedupandthunderrolled.Myhusbandstoppedfishingto_____10_____themotor.Nothing.Hetriedagain.No_____11_____.Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.Asweallsatthere_____12_____,afishermanpulledup,threwusaropeandtowed(拖)usback.Wewere_____13_____.Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage,wearefilledwithasenseof_____14_____,wonderingwhatcampingfunand_____15_____wewillexperiencenext.1.A.ideas B.jokes C.memories D.discoveries2.A.camped B.drove C.walked D.cycled3.A.annoyed B.surprised C.disappointed D.worried4.A.unhurt B.unfortunate C.unfortable D.unafraid5.A.dueto B.insteadof C.apartfrom D.asfor6.A.worked B.happened C.mattered D.changed7.A.signedup B.calmeddown C.checkedout D.headedoff8.A.arranged B.interrupted C.pleted D.recorded9.A.wind B.noise C.temperature D.speed10.A.find B.hide C.start D.fix11.A.luck B.answer C.wonder D.signal12.A.patiently B.tirelessly C.doubtfully D.helplessly13.A.sorry B.brave C.safe D.right14.A.relief B.duty C.pride D.excitement15.A.failure B.adventure C.performance D.conflict【答案】1.C2.A3.D4.C5.B6.A7.D8.B9.A10.C11.A12.D13.C14.D15.B本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者和家人在旅行過(guò)程中經(jīng)歷過(guò)的趣事與冒險(xiǎn)，并且作者和家人都十分期待即將經(jīng)歷的冒險(xiǎn)。1.C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的一些記憶很有趣，尤其是在早些年我們的孩子很小的時(shí)候。A.ideas想法；B.jokes笑話；C.memories記憶；D.discoveries發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文“havehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears”以及下文“especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwerelittle”可推知，此處指作者認(rèn)為自己與家人一起冒險(xiǎn)的一些記憶是有趣的。故選C。2.A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次，我們沿著白堊溪露營(yíng)。A.camped露營(yíng)；B.drove開車；C.walked散步；D.cycled騎自行車。根據(jù)上文“Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.”可知，此處指作者與家人一起在溪邊露營(yíng)。故選A。3.D【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我擔(dān)心我們15個(gè)月大的孩子會(huì)掉進(jìn)小溪里。A.annoyed惱怒的；B.surprised驚訝的C.disappointed失望的；D.worried擔(dān)心的。根據(jù)下文“Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.”可推知，此處指作者擔(dān)心自己的孩子會(huì)掉進(jìn)小溪里，所以才在他的腰上系了一根繩子。故選D。4.C【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他很不舒服，他的哭聲讓整個(gè)營(yíng)地都知道了這一點(diǎn)。A.unhurt未受傷的；B.unfortunate不幸的；C.unfortable不舒服的；D.unafraid無(wú)所畏懼的。根據(jù)上文“Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.”以及下文“hiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit”可推知，此處指孩子身上被綁繩子后感覺(jué)不舒服，所以才會(huì)哭。故選C。5.B【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：所以我沒(méi)有把他綁起來(lái)，而是密切關(guān)注著他。A.dueto由于；B.insteadof代替、而不是；C.apartfrom除了；D.asfor至于。根據(jù)上文“Hewasunfortable,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.”以及下文“Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim”可推知，此處指孩子身上被綁繩子后感覺(jué)不舒服，所以作者放棄在他身上綁繩子，而是密切關(guān)注著他。故選B。6.A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最終沒(méi)有掉進(jìn)小溪里。A.worked起作用；B.happened發(fā)生；C.mattered事關(guān)緊要；D.changed改變。根據(jù)下文“hedidn’tendupinthecreek.”可推知，此處指作者的密切關(guān)注起作用了，孩子沒(méi)有掉進(jìn)小溪里。故選A。7.D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我們出發(fā)時(shí)，天空很晴朗，但山中風(fēng)暴來(lái)勢(shì)洶洶，風(fēng)暴很快中斷了我們平靜的晨間旅行。A.signedup注冊(cè)、報(bào)名；B.calmeddown冷靜下來(lái)；C.checkedout退房、結(jié)賬離開；D.headedoff啟程、出發(fā)。根據(jù)上文“Theskywasclear”以及下文“butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains”可推知，此處指天氣突然變化，出發(fā)時(shí)還天氣晴朗。故選D。8.B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們出發(fā)時(shí)，天空很晴朗，但山中風(fēng)暴來(lái)勢(shì)洶洶，風(fēng)暴很快中斷了我們平靜的晨間旅行。A.arranged安排；B.interrupted中斷；C.pleted完成；D.recorded記錄。根據(jù)上文“stormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly”以及下文“ourpeacefulmorningtrips”可推知，此處指風(fēng)暴來(lái)臨，作者的旅行被迫中斷了。故選B。9.A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：狂風(fēng)大作，雷聲隆隆。A.wind風(fēng)；B.noise噪音；C.temperature溫度；D.speed速度。根據(jù)上文“stormsmoveinfastinthemountains”可推知，此處指大風(fēng)刮了起來(lái)。故選A。10.C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我丈夫停止釣魚來(lái)啟動(dòng)馬達(dá)。A.find找到；B.hide隱藏；C.start啟動(dòng)；D.fix修理。根據(jù)下文“Nothing.Hetriedagain.”以及“Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.”可推知，此處指作者的丈夫嘗試將船啟動(dòng)。故選C。11.A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒(méi)有好運(yùn)。A.luck好運(yùn)；B.answer回答；C.wonder驚奇；D.signal信號(hào)。根據(jù)下文“Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.”可推知，此處指作者的丈夫再次嘗試啟動(dòng)，也沒(méi)有獲得好運(yùn)，船依然無(wú)法啟動(dòng)。故選A。12.D【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們無(wú)助地坐在那里時(shí)，一個(gè)漁夫停了下來(lái)，扔給我們一根繩子并把我們拖了回來(lái)。A.patiently耐心地；B.tirelessly不知疲倦地；C.doubtfully懷疑地；D.helplessly無(wú)助地。根據(jù)上文“Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.”可推知，此處指在天氣惡劣的情況下船無(wú)法啟動(dòng)了，作者與家人十分無(wú)助地坐著。故選D。13.C【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們安全了。A.sorry抱歉的；B.brave勇敢的；C.safe安全的；D.right正確的。根據(jù)上文“afishermanpulledup,threwusaropeandtowedusback”可推知，此處指得到了漁夫的幫助，作者和家人安全了。故選C。14.D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，每年當(dāng)我丈夫把露營(yíng)車從車庫(kù)里拉出來(lái)時(shí)，我們都會(huì)充滿興奮，想知道接下來(lái)我們會(huì)經(jīng)歷什么樣的露營(yíng)樂(lè)趣和冒險(xiǎn)。A.relief救濟(jì)；B.duty職責(zé)；C.pride自豪；D.excitement興奮。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，再根據(jù)下文“wonderingwhatcampingfun”可推知，此處指作者期待接下來(lái)的露營(yíng)，充滿興奮。故選D。15.B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，每年當(dāng)我丈夫把露營(yíng)車從車庫(kù)里拉出來(lái)時(shí)，我們都會(huì)充滿興奮，想知道接下來(lái)我們會(huì)經(jīng)歷什么樣的露營(yíng)樂(lè)趣和冒險(xiǎn)。A.failure失??；B.adventure冒險(xiǎn)；C.performance表現(xiàn)；D.conflict沖突。根據(jù)上文“Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage,wearefilledwithasenseofexcitement,wonderingwhatcampingfunand”以及下文“wewillexperiencenext”可推知，此處指作者與家人十分期待即將經(jīng)歷的冒險(xiǎn)。故選B。四Humanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthemon“m”and“a”totherareclicksofsomesouthernAfricanlanguages.Butwhyarecertainsoundsmoremonthanothers?Agroundbreaking,fiveyearstudyshowsthatdietrelatedchangesinhumanbiteledtonewspeechsoundsthatarenowfoundinhalftheworld’slanguages.Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeechsoundscalledlabiodentals,suchas“f”and“v”,weremoremoninthelanguagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.NowateamofresearchersledbyDamiánBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfoundhowandwhythistrendarose.Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned(對(duì)齊),makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedbytouchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure(結(jié)構(gòu)),makingiteasiertoproducesuchsounds.TheteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththedevelopmentofagricultureintheNeolithicperiod.Foodbecameeasiertochewatthispoint.Thejawbonedidn’thavetodoasmuchworkandsodidn’tgrowtobesolarge.AnalysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesoundofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseof“f”and“v”increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhuntergathererpeopletoday.Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsoundswerepresentwhenhumanbeingsevolvedaround300,000yearsago.”Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarilyremainedstablesincetheappearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeechsoundsthatwefindtodayistheproductofaplexinterplayofthingslikebiologicalchangeandculturalevolution,“saidStevenMoran,amemberoftheresearchteam.1.WhichaspectofthehumanspeechsounddoesDamiánBlasi’sresearchfocuson?A.Itsvariety. B.Itsdistribution. C.Itsquantity. D.Itsdevelopment.2.Whywasitdifficultforancienthumanadultstoproducelabiodentals?A.Theyhadfewerupperteeththanlowerteeth.B.Theycouldnotopenandclosetheirlipseasily.C.Theirjawswerenotconvenientlystructured.D.Theirlowerfrontteethwerenotlargeenough.3.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.B.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfindings.C.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.4.What