高中英語人教版高二期末監(jiān)測金卷（七）

20232024學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高中英語人教版（2019）期末復(fù)習(xí)監(jiān)測金卷（七）考生注意：1.本試卷由四個(gè)部分組成。滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.考生作答時(shí)，請(qǐng)將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑;非選擇題請(qǐng)用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有2分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15.B．￡9.18.C．￡9.15.答案是C。1．Whydothespeakerslineup?A．Tobuysomefood.B．Tobuysomewater.C．Togetintothecinema.2．WheredoesNancywanttotakethecustomers?A．Theartmuseum.B．Theoperahall.C．Thehistorymuseum.3．Whatcolorcoatdoesthemanremend?A．White.B．Pink.C．Green.4．Whoisthemanmostprobablytalkingto?A．Astudent.B．Apolicewoman.C．Adentist.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Theirdog.B．Theweather.C．Theirhouse.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．WhenwillthemanmeetTonyonSaturday?A．At9:00am.B．At1:00pm.C．At4:00pm.7．WhatwillthespeakersdoattheJungleCafe?A．Havebreakfast.B．Havelunch.C．Haveafternoontea.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．Whatiswrongwiththewoman’smother?A．Shehasforgottentoshop.B．Shehasnoplacetolive.C．Shehasheartdisease.9．Whatdoesthewomanplantodotomorrow?A．Goshopping.B．Seeadoctor.C．Haveameeting.10．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Goodfriends.B．Husbandandwife.C．Bossandemployee.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．WhodoesAndywanttosendagiftto?A．Hismother.B．Hisaunt.C．Hissister.12．HowmuchwillAndyspendonthescarf?A．$30.B．$40.C．$50.13．WhatdoesAliceoffertodointheend?A．PostthescarfforAndy.B．LendAndysomemoney.C．GoshoppingwithAndy.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14．HowlongisMr.White’svacation?A．Aboutfourdays.B．Aboutaweek.C．Aboutamonth.15．Whatisthewoman?A．Ateacher.B．Atravelagent.C．Alawyer.16．WhatdoweknowabouttheMalaysianAirwaysflight?A．Itdepartsat6:30pm.B．Itlastsfor7hours.C．Itisanonstopflight.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Whatdidthespeaker’sfriendthinkofWildWays?A．Itwasboring.B．Itwasattractive.C．Itwasexpensive.18．Whatappealedtothespeakermostaboutthebook?A．Thehistoricalknowledge.B．Theleadingcharacter.C．Thebriefdescription.19．Whowrotethebook?A．HarryKevin.B．WilliamBaker.C．MargaretEmerson.20．Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthebook?A．It’shardtounderstand.B．Itwillgainrecognition.C．Itsellsatadiscount.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AAutomationhaspioneeredinnovation,yourphoneisprobablyinyourpocketoryourhandsatalltimes,andit’seasiernow,morethanever,tomunicatewithanyoneintheworld.Technologyiseverywherethesedays.Whatareyourthoughtsontechnology,socialmedia,oryourphone?Doyoufeelexcitedeverytimeyougetamessage,ordoyoufeeltrappedbythesedigitalchains?Howeveryoufeel,wewantyoutorepresenttechnologyinartwork—paintings,college(剪貼),digitalart,photography,etc.Youmayevenseeyourartworkinfutureissuesofourmagazine,sokeepyoureyeswideopen!Deadline:June21,2024.Rules:·Youmustbeateen(aged13—19)withourwebsiteaccounttoenter.·Noinappropriatecontent.·Submissionsmustfocusonthetopic:Technology.GuidelinesandDetails:·Yourentrymustbeartworkcreatedbyyourselfforthefirsttime.·Thereisnolimitationonthenumberofartworkyoucansubmit.HowtoSubmit:·Submitentriesthroughourwebsite.Allentriessubmittedtousareautomaticallyconsideredforthecontest.Seeoursubmissionguidelinesformoreinformation.·Submityourworktotheappropriateartcategory.Include“technology”inyoursubmission’slabels.Youcandothisbyusingthe“additionallabels”fieldinyoursubmissionform.Prizes:·Thewinnerandthenominees(被提名者)willhavetheirentriespublishedinourmagazine.·Theoverallwinnerwillreceivea$25Amazongiftcardandalsothreemonths’freeaccesstoourmagazine.21.Whatsubjectshouldtheentryberelatedto?A.Collage. B.Photography. C.Technology. D.munication.22.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?A.Acontestantis16yearsold. B.AnentryissubmittedbypostonJune25.C.Anentryiscreatedbyonlyoneperson. D.Acontestantsubmitsasmanyas20entries.23.Whatbenefitwillanomineereceive?A.A$25giftcard. B.Freemagazinesubscriptions.C.Alabelnamedafterthem. D.Havingtheirentriespublished.【答案】21.C22.B23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文是一則藝術(shù)征文競賽的通知?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Howeveryoufeel,wewantyoutorepresenttechnologyinartwork—paintings,college(剪貼),digitalart,photography,etc.(然而,你覺得,我們希望你代表技術(shù)在藝術(shù)繪畫,大學(xué),數(shù)字藝術(shù),攝影等。)”和Rules:部分的“Submissionsmustfocusonthetopic:Technology.(提交的內(nèi)容必須集中在這個(gè)主題:技術(shù)。)”可知，作品的內(nèi)容必須與技術(shù)相關(guān)。故選C。【22題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Deadline:“June21,2024.”和HowtoSubmit部分中的“Submitentriesthroughourwebsite.(通過我們的網(wǎng)站提交參賽作品)”可知，截止日期為2024年6月21日，參賽作品要在線提交。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Prizes部分中的“Thewinnerandthenominees(被提名者)willhavetheirentriespublishedinourmagazine.(獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)吆捅惶崦叩淖髌穼⒖窃谖覀兊碾s志上。)”可知，獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)吆捅惶崦叩淖髌穼⒃陔s志上被發(fā)表。故選D。BBorninWalesin1950,MartinLockleywasapioneerinthestudyofthedinosaurtracksandfootprintspreservedinrocksaroundtheworld.Hisworkhelpedhisfellowpaleontologists(古生物學(xué)家)understandwhatthefootprintscantellusaboutdinosaursandtheworldthattheylivedin.Thefootprintsandtracksleftbehindbydinosaursandotherprehistoricanimalsarecalledtracefossils(痕跡化石).Theycanoffercluestohowquicklyananimalwalkedorranandevenwhattheirskinmayhavelookedlike.paredwiththebodyfossilsofbonesandteeth,tracefossilscontainevidenceoftheinteractionsthattheanimalshadwiththeirenvironmentandcandescribewhatthephysicalenvironmentmayhavelookedlike.Theyofferamorereliablewaytoimaginethespeedofadinosaurthananalyzingthebones.Lockley’smotherandfatherwerenaturelovers.Lockleylovedtoobservenature.Hisfatherinspiredhimto“justgooutandobserveandtrustyourobservations”,whichprovedimportantinLockley’slaunchinghisfuturecareerindinosaurresearch.HetookthatadvicewithhimtoGunnison,southwestofDenver,theUnitedStates.WhileNorthAmericaishometosomeofthelargestnumberoffossilfootprintsintheworld,Lockley’sworkwithprintsandhisfather’swordstookhimfarandwide.HeexploredfossilandtracksitesinChina,SouthKorea,SpainandtheUnitedKingdom.Inadditiontofindingthetracks,Lockleydevotedtimeandenergytopreservingtheseimportantpartsofthefossilrecord.ThisincludesguidingthepoliticsneededtocreateUNESCOworldheritagesitessothatfuturegenerationswouldn’tloseoutonthesepreciousrelicsofthepast.24.Whatcanweknowabouttracefossils?A.Theycanreflectthethenenvironment.B.Theyaremainlyleftbysomelargeranimals.C.Theycanbeeasiertopreservethanteethfossils.D.Theyareasaccurateasbonefossilsinanalyzinganimals’speed.25.WhatcontributestoLockley’sbeginninghiscareerindinosaurtracks?A.Hisfamily’stradition.B.Hisfather’sencouragement.C.Hislovefordinosaursandtheirfootprints.D.Hisdesiretofindthelargestdinosaurtracksite.26.WhatdidLockleydobesideshisprofessionalresearch?A.Heexploredplacesofinterestaroundtheworld.B.Heguidedfellowpaleontologistsintheirwork.C.Heconservedandpromoteddinosaurtracksites.D.Heeducatedthenextgenerationoftrackhunters.7.WhichcanbestdescribeLockley’swork?A.Dangerous. B.Timeconsuming. C.Farreaching. D.Demanding.【答案】24.A25.B26.C27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。馬丁?洛克利是研究世界各地巖石中保存的恐龍足跡的先驅(qū)。他的工作幫助他的古生物學(xué)家同行們了解了這些腳印能告訴我們的關(guān)于恐龍和它們生活的世界的信息。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“paredwiththebodyfossilsofbonesandteeth,tracefossilscontainevidenceoftheinteractionsthattheanimalshadwiththeirenvironmentandcandescribewhatthephysicalenvironmentmayhavelookedlike.Theyofferamorereliablewaytoimaginethespeedofadinosaurthananalyzingthebones.(與骨骼和牙齒的身體化石相比，痕跡化石包含了動(dòng)物與環(huán)境相互作用的證據(jù)，可以描述物理環(huán)境可能是什么樣子的。它們提供了一種比分析骨頭更可靠的方法來想象恐龍的速度。)”可知，痕跡化石可以反映當(dāng)時(shí)的環(huán)境情況。故選A?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Hisfatherinspiredhimto“justgooutandobserveandtrustyourobservations”,whichprovedimportantinLockley’slaunchinghisfuturecareerindinosaurresearch.(他的父親鼓勵(lì)他“走出去觀察，相信你的觀察結(jié)果”，這對(duì)洛克利開始他未來的恐龍研究生涯很重要。)”可知，Lockley開啟他的恐龍化石事業(yè)是受到他父親的鼓勵(lì)。故選B?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Inadditiontofindingthetracks,Lockleydevotedtimeandenergytopreservingtheseimportantpartsofthefossilrecord.ThisincludesguidingthepoliticsneededtocreateUNESCOworldheritagesitessothatfuturegenerationswouldn’tloseoutonthesepreciousrelicsofthepast.(除了找到這些蹤跡，Lockley還投入了時(shí)間和精力來保存化石記錄中的這些重要部分。這包括指導(dǎo)創(chuàng)造聯(lián)合國教科文組織的世界遺產(chǎn)的政治需要，這樣后代就不會(huì)失去過去這些珍貴的遺跡。)”可知，Lockley除了自己的專業(yè)研究，還致力于保護(hù)和推廣恐龍痕跡和遺址。故選C。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段的“Hisworkhelpedhisfellowpaleontologists(古生物學(xué)家)understandwhatthefootprintscantellusaboutdinosaursandtheworldthattheylivedin.(他的工作幫助他的古生物學(xué)家同行們了解了這些腳印能告訴我們的關(guān)于恐龍和它們生活的世界的信息。)”以及最后一段的內(nèi)容“Inadditiontofindingthetracks,Lockleydevotedtimeandenergytopreservingtheseimportantpartsofthefossilrecord.ThisincludesguidingthepoliticsneededtocreateUNESCOworldheritagesitessothatfuturegenerationswouldn’tloseoutonthesepreciousrelicsofthepast.(除了找到這些蹤跡，Lockley還投入了時(shí)間和精力來保存化石記錄中的這些重要部分。這包括指導(dǎo)創(chuàng)造聯(lián)合國教科文組織的世界遺產(chǎn)的政治需要，這樣后代就不會(huì)失去過去這些珍貴的遺跡。)”可推知，Lockley的工作影響深遠(yuǎn)。故選C。CFarmershavelongreliedonthingsthatworkwithouttheirinvolvement—beestopollinate(授粉)flowers,earthworms(蚯蚓)toturnthesoil,swallowstoeatpests—tomakesurethatcropsgrowtherightway.NowateamofBritishresearchersistryingtotakethishandsoffthinkinginahightechdirection.LastOctober,scientistsatHarperAdamsUniversitystartedafarmcalledtheHandsFreeHectaretomaketheentireprocessoffarming—fromsowingandfertilizingtoharvest—fullyautomatic.Theprojecthasjustsucceededwithfivetonsofrobotgrownbarley(大麥).“Webelievethebestideaisthatinthefuture,farmerswillmanagegroupsofsmaller,autonomousmachines,”theresearchersexplained.“Theywillgooutandworkinthefields,allowingthefarmertousetheirtimemoreeffectivelyinsteadofhavingtodriveupanddownthefields.”Atthemoment,agriculturalmachines—verylargeandheavy—cancoveralotofspacequickly.Butthereareshortings.“Fertilizergetssprayedoverentirefarms,regardlessofthedifferentneedsofdifferentcrops.They’realsosoheavythatthey’redamagingfarmers’soils,”researcherJonathanGillsaid.Gillandhiscolleagueswentsmaller:atractor,abineandaharvester,whichfollowedaprogrammedroute,usingGPS.Altogether,theyspentlessthan￡200,000onequipment,andusedopensourcetechnologyandadrone(無人機(jī)).Eventuallythesystemwillbeplexenoughtotreatdifferentpartsofafield,orevenindividualplants,differently.Theteamisquicktocautionthattheydon’twanttoputfarmersoutofwork.Theysaid,“Insteadofbeingbusyinthefields,thefarmerwillmanagethemachinesandmonitortheircrops.”Thenextstopforthebarleywillbeabrewery.That’snotgoingtobepletelyautomatic.Atleastnotyet.28.Whatfeatureofbees,earthwormsandswallowsinspiredscientists?A.Theirdependenceonnature. B.Theirspecialwayofsurvival.C.Theirselflesslovefortheearth. D.Theirnaturalinvolvementinfarming.29.WhatadvantageofGill’sequipmentisintroducedinPara.4?A.Freeingworkerstotally. B.Reducingthecostofharvest.C.Improvingtheaccuracyoffarming. D.Increasingtheoutputofdifferentcrops.30.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Gill’sprojectisstillatthedesignstage. B.Unemploymentwouldn’tbeaconcern.C.Thebrewerywillrealizeautomationsoon. D.pleteautomaticfarmingisunrealistic.31.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Thefutureofhandsfreefarming B.ThefunctionsofagriculturalmachinesC.Thedevelopmentofautomaticharvest D.Theshortingsoftraditionalfarming【答案】28.D29.C30.B31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了英國研究人員嘗試將傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)中的“無人工干預(yù)”思維引入現(xiàn)代高科技農(nóng)業(yè)的項(xiàng)目。【28題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Farmershavelongreliedonthingsthatworkwithouttheirinvolvement—beestopollinate(授粉)flowers,earthworms(蚯蚓)toturnthesoil,swallowstoeatpests—tomakesurethatcropsgrowtherightway.NowateamofBritishresearchersistryingtotakethishandsoffthinkinginahightechdirection.(長期以來，農(nóng)民們一直依靠那些無需他們參與就能工作的行為——蜜蜂授粉，蚯蚓翻土，燕子吃害蟲——來確保作物以正確的方式生長?，F(xiàn)在，一組英國研究人員正試圖將這種不干預(yù)思維向高科技方向發(fā)展)”可知，傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)中，蜜蜂、蚯蚓和燕子等動(dòng)物的行為讓它們自動(dòng)參與到農(nóng)業(yè)中來，幫助了作物生長，這些行為無需人類的干預(yù)?？茖W(xué)家受蜜蜂、蚯蚓和燕子對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)的自然參與的啟發(fā)，想把這種無需人類的干預(yù)，即“不干預(yù)思維”帶入現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)中。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Gillandhiscolleagueswentsmaller:atractor,abineandaharvester,whichfollowedaprogrammedroute,usingGPS.Altogether,theyspentlessthan￡200,000onequipment,andusedopensourcetechnologyandadrone(無人機(jī)).Eventuallythesystemwillbeplexenoughtotreatdifferentpartsofafield,orevenindividualplants,differently.(吉爾和他的同事們做了更小的實(shí)驗(yàn)：一臺(tái)拖拉機(jī)、一臺(tái)聯(lián)合收割機(jī)和一臺(tái)收割機(jī)，它們使用GPS按照設(shè)定的路線運(yùn)行。總的來說，他們?cè)谠O(shè)備上花了不到20萬英鎊，并使用了開源技術(shù)和一架無人機(jī)。最終，該系統(tǒng)將變得足夠復(fù)雜，能夠以不同的方式對(duì)待田地的不同部分，甚至是單個(gè)植物)”可知，吉爾的農(nóng)業(yè)設(shè)備配備了GPS，可以按照設(shè)定的路線運(yùn)行，使用了無人機(jī)，更能以不同的方式對(duì)待不同的地塊，甚至關(guān)注到單個(gè)植物。由此推知，吉爾設(shè)備的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是提高農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的精度。故選C項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Theteamisquicktocautionthattheydon’twanttoputfarmersoutofwork.Theysaid,“Insteadofbeingbusyinthefields,thefarmerwillmanagethemachinesandmonitortheircrops.”(該小組很快警告說，他們不想讓農(nóng)民失業(yè)。他們說：“農(nóng)民將不用在地里忙碌，而是管理機(jī)器，監(jiān)控莊稼?！?”可推知，農(nóng)民不會(huì)因此而失業(yè)，他們只是換了一個(gè)工作崗位，所以失業(yè)不會(huì)成為問題。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全全文，結(jié)合第一段中“Farmershavelongreliedonthingsthatworkwithouttheirinvolvement—beestopollinate(授粉)flowers,earthworms(蚯蚓)toturnthesoil,swallowstoeatpests—tomakesurethatcropsgrowtherightway.NowateamofBritishresearchersistryingtotakethishandsoffthinkinginahightechdirection.LastOctober,scientistsatHarperAdamsUniversitystartedafarmcalledtheHandsFreeHectaretomaketheentireprocessoffarming—fromsowingandfertilizingtoharvest—fullyautomatic.

(長期以來，農(nóng)民們一直依靠那些無需他們參與就能工作的行為——蜜蜂授粉，蚯蚓翻土，燕子吃害蟲——來確保作物以正確的方式生長?，F(xiàn)在，一組英國研究人員正試圖將這種不干預(yù)思維向高科技方向發(fā)展。去年10月，哈珀亞當(dāng)斯大學(xué)的科學(xué)家們建立了一個(gè)名為“HandsFreeHectare”的農(nóng)場，使整個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)過程——從播種、施肥到收獲——完全自動(dòng)化。)”可知，文章報(bào)道了英國研究人員嘗試將傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)中的“無人工干預(yù)”思維引入現(xiàn)代高科技農(nóng)業(yè)的項(xiàng)目，并展示了其成果和前景。故“Thefutureofhandsfreefarming(無人工參與農(nóng)業(yè)的未來)”。故選A項(xiàng)。DPocketgophers(囊鼠)spendmostoftheirlifetimealone,diggingunderground.Althoughthey’remonacrossNorthandCentralAmericangrasslands,you’reunlikelytoseeone—theirpresenceisusuallyonlynoticeablethankstothepilesofsandysoiltheyleavebehindreachingmorethan500feet,usuallyabout50inchesbelowtheground.Gopherswerethoughttofeedthemselvesmainlybyeatingtheroots(根)theymeetwhilebuildingnewtunnelsystems.Yet,diggingtunnelsisenergeticallycostlyandresearchersshowthatonlyeatingtherootsjustdoesn’tmakeupfortheenergyspent.Tounderstandhowelsetheseanimalsgetenoughrootstosurvive,FrancisPutz,aprofessorattheUniversityofFlorida,andthestudentresearcherVeronicaSeldenlookedatthebehaviorofgophersinnorthernFlorida.Theyobservedthat,inthedarkandwettunnelsthegophershaddug,newandsoftrootsgrewfast.Thegophersseemtobeactivelylookingaftertherootslikefarmers,thescientistssay.Theycreatetheperfectwetenvironmentforrootsandcausingsoilaeration(透氣)bylooseningthegroundinwhichplantsgrowinthefirstplace.Importantly,thegophersspreadwastethroughoutthetunnels,whichmakestherootsgrowmoresuccessfully.Thisisratherunlikeothergopherspecies,whichtendtohavefixedwasteareas.Thestudyfoundthatthegophers’dailyharvestofrootcropscansupplyfrom21to62percentoftheircalorieneeds.“Theyhavetheselongtunnelsthatcannotbeexplained,”Putzsays.Sowhydoit?Ifit’snotto“farmfood”,hesays,“Ican’tthinkofanyotherreason.”Butsomeresearcherswonderif“farming”isarighttermforthegophers’activities.“Todescribetheactivityasfarmingseemstobeoverstated,”saysscientistKimberlyAsmusHersey.“Idon’tseethisasallthatdifferentfrommanyotherplantandplanteatinganimalrelationships.”32.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthespeciesofgophers?A.TheyexistallacrossAmerica. B.Theyarehighlysocialanimals.C.Theymainlyliveunderground. D.Theydigtunnels500feetdeep.33.Whatdotheresearcherssayabouttherootsgophersmeetwhiledigging?A.Theyareashardasrocksforgopherstoeat.B.Theymakediggingworkmoreefforttaking.C.Theyareperfecthomelocationsforgophers.D.Theycannotmeetgophers’needsforenergy.34.WhatdidtheresearchersfindoutaboutthegophersinFlorida?A.Theypreferbuildingtunnelsindryconditions.B.Theytrytomaketheirtunnelsasdeepaspossible.C.Theycreateaperfectenvironmentforrootstogrow.D.Theyusuallyhavefixedwasteareasintheirtunnels35.WhatisHersey’sattitudetoPutz’sconclusionongophers’behavior?A.Shedisagreeswithit. B.Sheiscuriousaboutit.C.Shethinkshighlyofit. D.Sheisunconcernedaboutit.【答案】32.C33.D34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了人們認(rèn)為囊鼠主要通過吃它們?cè)诮ㄔ煨碌氐老到y(tǒng)時(shí)遇到的樹根來喂養(yǎng)自己。然而，挖掘地道的能量成本很高，研究人員表明，只吃樹根并不能彌補(bǔ)所消耗的能量。為了了解這些動(dòng)物是如何獲得足夠的根來生存的，佛羅里達(dá)大學(xué)教授弗朗西斯·普茨(FrancisPutz)和學(xué)生研究員維羅妮卡·塞爾登(VeronicaSelden)研究了佛羅里達(dá)州北部囊鼠的行為?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Althoughthey’remonacrossNorthandCentralAmericangrasslands,you’reunlikelytoseeone—theirpresenceisusuallyonlynoticeablethankstothepilesofsandysoiltheyleavebehindreachingmorethan500feet,usuallyabout50inchesbelowtheground.”（盡管它們?cè)诒泵篮椭忻乐薜牟菰虾艹Ｒ?，但你不太可能看到它們的存在，因?yàn)樗鼈兞粝碌纳惩粮哌_(dá)500多英尺，通常在地下50英寸。）可知，關(guān)于囊鼠，我們可以了解到它們主要生活在地下。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Gopherswerethoughttofeedthemselvesmainlybyeatingtheroots(根)theymeetwhilebuildingnewtunnelsystems.Yet,diggingtunnelsisenergeticallycostlyandresearchersshowthatonlyeatingtherootsjustdoesn’tmakeupfortheenergyspent.”（人們認(rèn)為囊鼠主要通過吃它們?cè)诮ㄔ煨碌氐老到y(tǒng)時(shí)遇到的樹根來喂養(yǎng)自己。然而，挖掘地道的能量成本很高，研究人員表明，只吃樹根并不能彌補(bǔ)所消耗的能量。）可知，研究人員認(rèn)為囊鼠在挖掘時(shí)遇到的根不能滿足囊鼠對(duì)能量的需求。故選D項(xiàng)。34題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thisisratherunlikeothergopherspecies,whichtendtohavefixedwasteareas.”（這與其他種類的囊鼠不同，它們往往有固定的廢物區(qū)域。）可知，關(guān)于佛羅里達(dá)州的囊鼠，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了它們通常在地道里有固定的廢物區(qū)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中““Todescribetheactivityasfarmingseemstobeoverstated,”saysscientistKimberlyAsmusHersey.“Idon’tseethisasallthatdifferentfrommanyotherplantandplanteatinganimalrelationships.””（科學(xué)家金伯利·阿斯馬斯·赫西說：“把這種活動(dòng)描述為農(nóng)業(yè)似乎言過其實(shí)了?！薄拔也徽J(rèn)為這與許多其他植物和食草動(dòng)物的關(guān)系有什么不同?！保┛赏浦瘴鲗?duì)普茨關(guān)于囊鼠行為的結(jié)論持反對(duì)的態(tài)度。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。KeepaMoonDiaryGrabanotebookandyourfavoritepenorpencil,andyou’rereadytobeginyourveryownMoonDiary.You’lldiscoverallkindsoffascinatingthingsabouthowthemoontravelsandnoticethevariousphasesofthemoon.Beforeyoustartyoucancollecttogethersomebooksaboutthemoontolearnaboutit.____36____Andeventhoughyouareolderyoucanstilltrythesekindsofbooksaboutthemoon.StartyourMoonDiarybylookingforthemoononenightandrecordingallthethingsyounotice.Notethedate,time,andweather.Isthemoonfull?Halffull?Ormaybegoneentirely?Whatcolordoesitseemtobe?____37____Taketimetolookatthemooneachnightforfourweeks.Everynight,recordwhatyousee.Doesthemoonappeartobegettingbigger?Smaller?Wheredoesthemoonappearinthesky?Mayberecordwhatnaturalsoundsyouhearwhenthemoonishighinthesky!____38____Sometimesyouwillseethemooninthedaytime,andothertimesyoumayhavetowaituntilnighttimeforthemoontorise.Youcancheckwhenthemoonwillriseeachnightbylookingfortheinformationonline.Ittakesabout28daysforthemoontomakeonepleteorbitaroundtheEarth.Soafterfourweeksyou’llhavepletedyourveryownMoonDiary!____39____Whatdoyounotice?Howdoesthemoonchangeshapeovertime?Isthemoonrisingearlierorlaterintheskyeachday?Howdoesitaffecttheamountoflightinthesky?____40____Seewherethemoontakesyou!A.Lookbackoverwhatyouwroteanddrew.B.Youcoulddrawasadfaceintheboxinstead.C.Writeanddrawyourobservationsinyournotebook.D.Everydayforamonth,lookintheskyandfindthemoon.E.Maybeyou’lldecidetokeepgoingwithyourMoonDiary.F.Picturebooksandstoriesareagreatwaytointroduceatopic.G.Predictwhatshapethemoonwillbeeachnightforthenextmonth.【答案】36.F37.C38.D39.A40.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些方法以指導(dǎo)讀者如何記錄一個(gè)“月亮日記”來觀察和記錄月亮的旅行及其不同階段?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Beforeyoustartyoucancollecttogethersomebooksaboutthemoontolearnaboutit.(在你開始之前，你可以收集一些關(guān)于月亮的書來了解它。)”可知，我們可以找一些關(guān)于月亮的書來了解月亮。選項(xiàng)F“Picturebooksandstoriesareagreatwaytointroduceatopic.(繪本和故事是介紹話題的好方法。)”是上文內(nèi)容的自然延續(xù)，指的是繪本和故事都是一些了解月亮的好的選擇。故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“StartyourMoonDiarybylookingforthemoononenightandrecordingallthethingsyounotice.Notethedate,time,andweather.Isthemoonfull?Halffull?Ormaybegoneentirely?Whatcolordoesitseemtobe?(開始你的月亮日記，找一個(gè)晚上尋找月亮，記錄下你注意到的所有事情。注意日期、時(shí)間和天氣。月圓了嗎？半滿？或者完全消失？它看起來是什么顏色的？)”可知，記錄下關(guān)于月亮的一些內(nèi)容。選項(xiàng)C“Writeanddrawyourobservationsinyournotebook.(在筆記本上寫下并畫出你的觀察結(jié)果。)”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，指出我們可以把觀察到的一切都記錄在筆記本上。故選C?！?8題詳解】空處為段首句。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容“Sometimesyouwillseethemooninthedaytime,andothertimesyoumayhavetowaituntilnighttimeforthemoontorise.Youcancheckwhenthemoonwillriseeachnightbylookingfortheinformationonline.(有時(shí)你會(huì)在白天看到月亮，有時(shí)你可能要等到晚上月亮升起。你可以通過上網(wǎng)查詢每晚月亮升起的時(shí)間。)”可知，本段主要講述的我們要每天觀察月亮。選項(xiàng)D“Everydayforamonth,lookintheskyandfindthemoon.(連續(xù)一個(gè)月的每一天，仰望天空，找到月亮。)”與下文內(nèi)容一致，指的是每天觀察月亮，有時(shí)候月亮在白天，有時(shí)候月亮在晚上。故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Whatdoyounotice?Howdoesthemoonchangeshapeovertime?Isthemoonrisingearlierorlaterintheskyeachday?Howdoesitaffecttheamountoflightinthesky?(你注意到了什么？月亮是如何隨時(shí)間改變形狀的？月亮在天空中升起的時(shí)間是早還是晚？它是如何影響天空中的光量的？)”可知，下文是月亮日記的內(nèi)容。選項(xiàng)A“Lookbackoverwhatyouwroteanddrew.(回顧一下你寫的和畫的東西。)”自然引出下文內(nèi)容，通過回顧自己的月亮日記，可以注意到月亮是如何隨時(shí)間改變形狀的，升起的時(shí)間和如何影響天空中的光量。故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)空后的“Seewherethemoontakesyou!(看看月亮帶你去哪里！)”可推測，空處應(yīng)該指的是我們可以繼續(xù)寫一本月亮日記。選項(xiàng)E“Maybeyou’lldecidetokeepgoingwithyourMoonDiary.(也許你會(huì)決定繼續(xù)寫你的《月亮日記》。)”與下文形成一致，指的是繼續(xù)寫一本月亮日記，從而更多了解月亮。故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Runningmarathonsisquiteachallenge.YetforSimonWheatcroft,who___41___hissightat18,there’sanextradifficulty.However,Simon,now29,hasnotonlybeen___42___inmarathonsforthepasttwoyearswiththehelpof___43___runnersbuthasalsolearnedtorunaloneoutdoors.Simon’sunique___44___involvedslowlymemorizingafivekilometreroutebyrepeatedlywalkingitalone.Heusedasmartphoneappthat___45___audiofeedbackonhispaceanddistance.Ithelpedhimbuildamentalmapoftherouteandits___46___.“Ididmakeafew___47___earlyon—likerunningintoposts.ButI’mgoingto___48___wherethatisnexttime,”helaughs.Atfirstrunningwasachallengethatrequiredgreat___49___forSimon.However,ithasnowbeemorenaturalforhim.paredwithmostrunners,he___50___hisrunningstyletobemorecautious,usingshorterandmorecarefulstepstosensethesurroundings.Despiterisksof___51__obstacles,Simonvaluesthefreedomand___52___runninggiveshim.Hebelieveswhathegetsfromrunningalonefaroutweighanydangers,whichhas___53___hisconfidenceandprovidedinspirationtoothers.ButforSimontherealmotivationforhistrainingefromsimply___54__petition,givinghiman___55___torunwitheveryone.“Ican’thidethefactI’mblind,”hesays,“butmeanwhileIwouldratherpetewitheverybodyelseandnotbeputintoaspecialgroup.”41.A.caught B.kept C.set D.lost42.A.peting B.learning C.running D.working43.A.volunteer B.guide C.petitor D.top44.A.difficulty B.advantage C.approach D.concern45.A.provided B.recorded C.analyzed D.received46.A.features B.highlights C.obstacles D.landmarks47.A.adventures B.mistakes C.trips D.points48.A.eacross B.figureout C.walkinto D.mapout49.A.concentration B.ability C.memory D.determination50.A.recognized B.adapted C.described D.developed51.A.dangerous B.physical C.unexpected D.mental52.A.independence B.motivation C.happiness D.strength53.A.shown B.developed C.won D.shaken54.A.fierce B.friendly C.casual D.equal55.A.advantage B.inspiration C.opportunity D.objective【答案】41.D42.A43.B44.C45.A46.D47.B48.B49.A50.C51.C52.A53.B54.D55.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Simon，一位18歲失去視力的跑者，通過記憶路線、利用科技輔助以及調(diào)整跑步風(fēng)格等獨(dú)特方法，不僅提高了自己的跑步技能，還極大地增強(qiáng)了自信心，并且渴望在比賽中獲得與視力正常選手平等競技的機(jī)會(huì)，展現(xiàn)了堅(jiān)持不懈、追求獨(dú)立與平等的精神?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，對(duì)于西蒙來說，還存在一個(gè)額外的困難，他在18歲時(shí)失明了。A.caught抓住；B.kept保持；C.set設(shè)置；D.lost失去。根據(jù)下文“hissightat18”及““Ican’thidethefactI’mblind,”hesays”可知，Simon在18歲時(shí)失去了視力，lost符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，現(xiàn)年29歲的西蒙在過去兩年里不僅在領(lǐng)跑者的幫助下參加了馬拉松比賽，而且還學(xué)會(huì)了獨(dú)自在戶外跑步。A.peting參加比賽；B.learning學(xué)習(xí)；C.running跑步；D.working工作。根據(jù)下文“inmarathonsforthepasttwoyearswiththehelpof3runnersbuthasalsolearnedtorunaloneoutdoors”可知，此處指Simon參與馬拉松比賽。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，現(xiàn)年29歲的西蒙在過去兩年里不僅在引跑者的幫助下參加了馬拉松比賽，而且還學(xué)會(huì)了獨(dú)自在戶外跑步。A.volunteer志愿者；B.guide引導(dǎo)者；C.petitor競爭對(duì)手；D.top頂部。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指引導(dǎo)跑步者，幫助盲人跑步者完成比賽。故選B項(xiàng)。【44題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：西蒙的獨(dú)特方法是通過反復(fù)獨(dú)自行走來慢慢記住一條五公里長的路線。A.difficulty困難；B.advantage優(yōu)勢；C.approach方法；D.concern關(guān)心。根據(jù)下文“involvedslowlymemorizingafivekilometreroutebyrepeatedlywalkingitalone”可知，這里描述的是Simon獨(dú)特的訓(xùn)練方法。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他使用了一款智能應(yīng)用程序，該程序提供了關(guān)于他的速度和距離的音頻反饋。A.provided提供；B.recorded記錄；C.analyzed分析；D.received接收。根據(jù)下文“audiofeedbackonhispaceanddistance”可知，這里指應(yīng)用程序提供的反饋信息。故選A項(xiàng)。【46題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它幫助他在腦海中勾勒出了這條路線及其地標(biāo)。A.features特征；B.highlights亮點(diǎn)；C.obstacles障礙；D.landmarks地標(biāo)。根據(jù)上文“Ithelpedhimbuildamentalmapoftherouteandits”可知，通過反復(fù)行走，Simon能夠記憶路線及路途中的地標(biāo)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一開始我確實(shí)犯了一些錯(cuò)誤，比如撞到柱子上。A.adventures冒險(xiǎn)；B.mistakes錯(cuò)誤；C.trips旅行；D.points點(diǎn)。根據(jù)后文的“l(fā)ikerunningintoposts”可知，這是Simon在學(xué)習(xí)過程中的錯(cuò)誤。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：但下次我會(huì)弄清楚它在哪里。A.eacross偶然遇見；B.figureout弄清楚；C.walkinto走進(jìn)；D.mapout規(guī)劃。根據(jù)下文“wherethatisnexttime”可知，這里指Simon下一次會(huì)弄清楚障礙物的位置，避免碰撞。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】查名詞詞義辨析。句意：起初，跑步對(duì)西蒙來說是一個(gè)需要極大專注力的挑戰(zhàn)。A.concentration專注；B.ability能力；C.memory記憶；D.determination決心。根據(jù)上文“involvedslowlymemorizingafive