北京市房山區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題（解析版）

房山區(qū)2024年新高三入學(xué)測試試卷英語本試卷共10頁，滿分100分，考試時長90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑?！癕om,Ican’twaittoownanewcar.Anditmustbeoneofthemostpopularsportscarsintheworld,”announcedmyson,Steve.Hedroveouroldfamilycarhomeafterhepassedhisdrivingtest,fantasizingabouthisfuture___1___.“Usually,thatkindofcaris___2___,”Ireplied.“You’llhavetoworkhardtoearnone.”O(jiān)verthenextseveralyears,Steve___3___.Afterhighschool,hereceivedafullscholarshiptoawell-knownuniversity,earnedamaster’sdegreeandgotajobinalargecorporation.Onedayhecalledandsoundedhappy.“HeyMom.I’m___4___youandDadtospendtheweekendwithus.Yourgrandson,Andrew,islookingforwardtoplayingwithhisgrandparents.”“We’llbethere.”Wearrivedandeveryoneexchangedaroundofhugs.ThenSteveaskedmetostandinfrontofthegarage.Heopenedthegaragedoor.I___5___thefancysportscarandscreamedwithexcitement.“Oh,Steve!It’sthecaryou’vebeenlongingfor.Yourdreamcomestrue!”Mysonsmiled___6___.“Thiscarwentbeyondallmyexpectations,”Stevesaidwithpride.I___7___myson’sexcitedface.Suddenly,Inoticedtearsofhappinessinhiseyes.Monthslater,Stevecalledagain.Iwas___8___forwhatcamenext.“I’vedecidedto___9___thesportscar,”hesaid.“Why?”Iasked,indisbelief.“Idon’thavetimetoenjoyit,andit’stoosmallforourfamily.”Then,afterathoughtfulpause.Stevesharedanimportantlesson.“Ihavediscovered______10______acar...wasmorefunthanhavingone.”1.A.transportation B.job C.education D.title2.A.fast B.expensive C.comfortable D.spacious3.A.waited B.adapted C.continued D.excelled4.A.instructing B.encouraging C.inviting D.allowing5.A.staredat B.laughedat C.shoutedat D.wavedat6.A.quietly B.bitterly C.nervously D.broadly7.A.studied B.ignored C.imagined D.expected8.A.impatient B.confident C.unprepared D.grateful9.A.buy B.sell C.race D.drive10.A.testing B.wanting C.ordering D.repairing【答案】1.A2.B3.D4.C5.A6.D7.D8.C9.B10.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了兒子史蒂夫夢想擁有一輛流行的跑車,并通過努力學(xué)習(xí)和工作最終實現(xiàn)了這個夢想。幾年后,他邀請父母去他家,并展示了他一直渴望的跑車。然而,隨著時間的推移,史蒂夫意識到享受追求夢想的過程比擁有夢想本身更有意義,因此決定賣掉了這輛跑車。【1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他通過駕照考試后開著我們家的老爺車回家，幻想著自己未來的交通工具。A.transportation交通工具；B.job工作；C.education教育；D.title題目。根據(jù)上句““Mom,Ican’twaittoownanewcar.Anditmustbeoneofthemostpopularsportscarsintheworld,”announcedmyson,Steve.”可知，兒子史蒂夫宣布等不及要擁有一輛新車了，說明他幻想著自己未來的交通工具。故答案為A?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“通常,那種車很貴,”我回答。A.fast快的；B.expensive昂貴的；C.comfortable舒服的；D.spacious寬敞的。根據(jù)下句“You’llhavetoworkhardtoearnone.”可知，必須努力工作才能獲得一輛車，說明那種車很貴。故答案為B?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來的幾年里，史蒂夫表現(xiàn)出色。A.waited等待；B.adapted適應(yīng)；C.continued繼續(xù)；D.excelled突出；勝過。根據(jù)下句“Afterhighschool,hereceivedafullscholarshiptoawell-knownuniversity,earnedamaster’sdegreeandgotajobinalargecorporation.”可知，高中畢業(yè)后,史蒂夫獲得了一所著名大學(xué)的全額獎學(xué)金,獲得了碩士學(xué)位,并在一家大公司找到了工作。說明在接下來的幾年里,史蒂夫表現(xiàn)突出。故答案為D?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我邀請你和爸爸和我們一起過周末。A.instructing指導(dǎo)；B.encouraging鼓勵；C.inviting邀請；D.allowing允許。根據(jù)空后“youandDadtospendtheweekendwithus”可知，兒子邀請作者和爸爸一起過周末。故答案為C。【5題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我盯著那輛花哨的胞車，興奮得尖叫起來。A.staredat盯著；B.laughedat嘲笑；C.shoutedat喊叫；D.wavedat揮手。根據(jù)下句“Oh,Steve!It’sthecaryou’vebeenlongingfor.Yourdreamcomestrue!”可知，作者夸獎史蒂夫夢想實現(xiàn)了，得到了自己喜歡的車，說明作者盯著那輛花哨的跑車。故答案為A?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我兒子咧開嘴笑了。A.quietly安靜地；B.bitterly苦地；C.nervously緊張地；D.broadly寬廣地。根據(jù)下句“Thiscarwentbeyondallmyexpectations”可知，史蒂夫自豪地說這輛車超出了所有預(yù)期，說明兒子咧開嘴笑了。故答案為D?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我期待著兒子激動的臉。A.studied學(xué)習(xí)；B.ignored忽略；C.imagined想象；D.expected期盼；預(yù)料。根據(jù)常識和空后“myson’sexcitedface.Suddenly,Inoticedtearsofhappinessinhiseyes.”可知，作者期待著兒子激動的臉，兒子卻流下來眼淚。故答案為D。【8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我對接下來發(fā)生的事毫無準(zhǔn)備。A.impatient沒有耐心的；B.confident自信的；C.unprepared沒有準(zhǔn)備好的；D.grateful感激的。根據(jù)下句““Why?”Iasked,indisbelief.”可知，作者難以相信，疑惑地問道，說明作者對接下來發(fā)生的事毫無準(zhǔn)備。故答案為C?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我已經(jīng)決定賣掉跑車，”他說。A.buy買；B.sell賣；C.race跑；D.drive開車。根據(jù)后文““Ihavediscovered____10____acar...wasmorefunthanhavingone.””可知，兒子發(fā)現(xiàn)了想要一輛汽車比擁有更有趣，說明他決定賣掉跑車了。故答案為B。【10題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)想要一輛汽車比擁有一輛車更有趣。A.testing檢測；B.wanting想要；C.ordering命令；D.repairing修理。根據(jù)空后“wasmorefunthanhavingone”以及前文史蒂夫想要賣掉汽車可知，史蒂夫認(rèn)為想要比擁有更有趣，故答案為B。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Lastautumn,Iwenttoasmallvillageand____11____(meet)somemembersofanewcommunity.Theyhadstartedan“eco-village”____12____(try)adifferentwayofliving.While____13____(visit)thestudyrooms,Ifoundthecontentsoftheir____14____(bookshelf)quitefascinating.Theyhadbooksonclimatechange,greentechnology,andsustainability.TheyalsohadtheclassicalChinesetextsofConfucius,LaoTzu,andChuangTzu.【答案】11.met12.totry13.visiting14.bookshelves【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者秋天去一個小村莊的見聞?！?1題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：去年秋天，我去了一個小村莊，遇到了一個新社區(qū)的一些成員。根據(jù)上文went可知為一般過去時。故填met。【12題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：他們建立了一個“生態(tài)村”，嘗試一種不同的生活方式。此處try在句中作目的狀語，應(yīng)用不定式。故填totry。【13題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在參觀自習(xí)室時，我發(fā)現(xiàn)他們書架上的內(nèi)容非常吸引人。此處為狀語從句的省略，從句省略主語和be動詞，且為主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填visiting?！?4題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：在參觀自習(xí)室時，我發(fā)現(xiàn)他們書架上的內(nèi)容非常吸引人。根據(jù)后文“Theyhadbooksonclimatechange,greentechnology,andsustainability.TheyalsohadtheclassicalChinesetextsofConfucius,LaoTzu,andChuangTzu.”可知書的數(shù)量多，說明書架數(shù)量大于一應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填bookshelves。B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Gardeningisalifelongjourneyoflearning.It’slikefindingahiddenlibrary,____15____eachplantofferssomethingnewtodiscover.ThemoretimeIspendinthegarden,themoreIrealizethatthesoilisnotjustaplace____16____plantstogrow.It’salsorichearthsupportingmy____17____(person)growth.Forinstance,Ihavetriedgrowingdifferenttypesofplantsovertheyears.Someofmyexperimentssucceeded.Otherstaughtmeabouttoughnessandlettinggo.【答案】15.where16.for17.personal【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了園藝的好處。【15題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：它就像找到一個隱藏的圖書館，每株植物都有新的發(fā)現(xiàn)。空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為hiddenlibrary,指地點,關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點狀語,應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where來引導(dǎo)定語從句，故填where?！?6題詳解】考查介詞。句意：我在花園里待的時間越多，就越意識到土壤不僅僅是植物生長的地方。Place后接不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作后置定語，aplaceforsb./sth.todosth.表示“對某人/某事來說是做某事的地方”，故填for?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：它也是支持我個人成長的肥沃土地。此處應(yīng)用形容詞作定語，修飾名詞growth，故填personal。C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Commonly____18____(see)insouthernandeasternChina,skywellsareatypicalfeatureoftraditionalhomes.They____19____(design)hundredsofyearsagotocoolbuildings,longbeforetheinventionofair-conditioning.Whenthewindblowsaboveaskywellhouse,itcanentertheindoorspacethroughtheopening.Becauseoutdoorairisoftencoolerthanindoorair,theincomingbreeze____20____(travel)downthewallstothelowerstoriesandcreatesairflowsbyreplacingwarmerindoorair.【答案】18.seen19.weredesigned20.travels【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了天井的歷史及原理?！?8題詳解】考查過去分詞。句意：天井在中國南方和東部很常見，是傳統(tǒng)住宅的典型特征。句子的謂語動詞是are，see應(yīng)使用非謂語動詞形式作狀語，動詞see與其邏輯主語skywells之間為被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過去分詞形式作狀語，故填seen?！?9題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)及主謂一致。句意：早在空調(diào)發(fā)明之前，數(shù)百年前它們就被設(shè)計用來為建筑物降溫。此處在句中作謂語，結(jié)合時間狀語hundredsofyearsago可知，句子是在描述過去發(fā)生的事，應(yīng)用一般過去時，主語they(skywells)和動詞design之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，主語they是復(fù)數(shù)，be動詞應(yīng)用were。故填weredesigned?！?0題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)及主謂一致。句意：因為室外空氣通常比室內(nèi)空氣冷，所以進來的微風(fēng)會沿著墻壁吹到較低的樓層，并通過取代較暖的室內(nèi)空氣來產(chǎn)生氣流。此處在句中作謂語，結(jié)合并列謂語creates及句意可知，句子是在描述一般事實，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語theincomingbreeze是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填travels。第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ATheUNESCOVolunteerProgrammeoffersopportunitiesforindividualstocontributetoawiderangeofUNESCOprogrammes.VolunteersmayalsoprovideonlinevolunteeringserviceswhereassignmentsarecompletedviatheInternetandahomecomputer.Whocanapply?TobeconsideredfortheUNESCOVolunteerProgramme,applicantsshallmeetthefollowingrequirements:●Possessthenecessaryexpertise,knowledge,competenciesandskills.●Beatleast20yearsold,andnormallynotolderthan65years.Thereisnomaximumagelimitforonlinevolunteerassignments.●HaveworkingknowledgeofEnglishorFrench.●Havethelegalrighttoliveinthecountryofassignment.Thedurationofavolunteerassignmentisaminimumoftwoweeksupto6months,onafull-timeorpart-timebasis.VolunteersarenotconsideredasUNESCOstaffmembers.Thereisnocompensation,financialorotherwise,forvolunteerservices.Arrangementsandcostsfortraveltoadutystation,visas,healthinsurancecoverage,accommodationandlivingexpensesareundertheresponsibilityofvolunteers.Howtoapply?Applicantsshouldfilloutanapplicationformincludingaproposalforcontribution,objectivesandexpectedresults.Afterassessingapplicants’suitabilityandverifyingreferences,supervisorswillinterviewandevaluatepotentialcandidates.Thentheywillmakethefinalselectiondecision.ThesupervisorwillprepareaDescriptionforVolunteerAssignmentwhichwillgiveageneraldescriptionoftheroleanddutiesassignedtothevolunteer.YourapplicationwillbeaccessedbyUNESCOsupervisorsandwillstayinourdatabaseforsixmonths.Wedonotrespondtoeverycandidate.Ifselected,youwillbecontactedbyasupervisor.Ifyoudonotreceiveanyupdatewithinsixmonths,itmeansthatyourapplicationhasnotbeensuccessful.21.WhichisarequirementtortheUNESCOVolunteerProgrammeapplicants?A.HavingworkexperienceintheUKorFrance.B.HavingaccesstotheInternetandahomecomputer.C.Beingnoolderthan65yearsoldforonlineassignments.D.Beinglawfullypermittedtoliveinthecountryofassignment.22.Asavolunteerintheprogramme,oneneedsto_________.A.promoteonlineeducationB.volunteerforatleast2weeksC.reducetravelcoststoadutystationD.considerbecomingaUNESCOstaffmember23.Intheapplicationprocess,onewill_________.A.receiveanupdatewithinsixmonthsiftheirapplicationisunsuccessfulB.describethedutiestheywillperforminthevolunteerassignmentC.attendaninterviewifselectedasapotentialcandidateD.contactstafftogetnecessaryinformation【答案】21.D22.B23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章講述聯(lián)合國教科文組織志愿者項目為個人提供了參與多種教科文組織項目的機會。21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whocanapply?部分的“●Havethelegalrighttoliveinthecountryofassignment.(具有被派遣國的合法居住權(quán)。)”可知，申請聯(lián)合國教科文組織志愿人員計劃的條件是被允許在被派遣國合法居住。故選D?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whocanapply?部分的最后一段的第一句“Thedurationofavolunteerassignmentisaminimumoftwoweeksupto6months,onafull-timeorpart-timebasis.(志愿者的工作時間從兩周到六個月不等，可以是全職的也可以是兼職的。)”可知，作為該項目的志愿者，一個人需要做至少兩周的志愿者。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Howtoapply?部分第二段的“Afterassessingapplicants’suitabilityandverifyingreferences,supervisorswillinterviewandevaluatepotentialcandidates.(在評估申請人的適用性并核實推薦信后，主管將對潛在候選人進行面試和評估。)”可知，在申請過程中,一個人如果被選為潛在候選人，將要參加面試。故選C。BOnedayIwasunwrappingabirthdaygiftfrommyteenageson—ablousemorestylishthanIfeltcomfortablewearing.MyfirstthoughtwhenIopenedthetissuepaperandsawtheblousewasthatitwasanothercandidatetohanginthebackofmycloset.Ifeltlikethemostimportantpersondidn’tcareenoughaboutmetothinkaboutmylikesanddislikes.“Whatdoyouthink,Mom?”Jasonasked,hardlywaitingformetopulltheblouseoutofthebox.“Ithoughtitwouldlooksoniceonyou.”Hesmiledatmewithanticipation.Atthatmoment,IrealizedJasonsawmeassomeonewhowouldbeopentoreceivingandwearingsomethingmoreelegantthanmyusualclothes.Hewantedtogivemesomethingspecial.Itwasaflashofsuddenrecognition.Theneverythingchanged.“It’sbeautiful,”IwasabletosaygenuinelyasIhuggedhim.“Tryiton.Iwanttoseehowitlooks,”Jasonadded.“Iknowjusttheskirttotryitwith,”IsaidasIheadedtowardsmycloset.WhenIreturnedwiththeoutfiton,Jasonwaswaiting.“ItlooksjustlikeIthoughtitwould.It’sprettyonyou,Mom,”Jasonsaid.Itriedtostopthetearsthatwerewellinginthecornerofmyeyes.“Thankyou,honey.Itisabeautifulblouse.Icantellyouputalotofthoughtintopickingitout.”JasonprobablywonderedwhyIwassoemotionaloverthegift.ItmademethinkbackonthegiftsI’dignored.MaybethepeoplewhogavemethegiftssawsomethinginmethatIdidn’tseeinmyself.Thatopenedmeuptochangeandgrowth.Intheyearssince,Ireceivedmyson’spresent.Ihaverarelyfeltdisappointedwhenagiftdoesn’tmatchmyinterestsordesires.I’vestartedappreciatingthethoughtsandeffortsbehindeverygiftandaccepteditwithgratitude.Thischangehasmadeholidaysmorejoyfulanddeepenedmyappreciationforfamilyandfriends.Thereissurelysomethingspecialaboutreceivingagiftthatisperfectlysuitedforyou.ButIhavefoundthatitisjustasspecialtoreceiveallgiftswithanopenmindandagratefulheart.24.Howdidtheauthorfeelinthebeginningwhenreceivingthepresentfromherson?A.Curious. B.Relieved. C.Guilty. D.Dissatisfied.25.Whatmainlychangedtheauthor’sattitudetowardJason’sgift?A.TheunderstandingofJason’sthoughts.B.Therecognitionofherownpotential.C.Theskirtthatmatchestheblouse.D.ThepraisefromJason.26.Afterreflectingonpastgifts,theauthorbecame_________.A.carefulaboutchoosinggiftsB.indifferenttoreceivinggiftsC.joyfulaboutchoosinggiftsD.gratefulforreceivinggifts27Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Whatsuitsyouisbestforyou.B.Beautyisintheeyeofthebeholder.C.Anopenmindisthesourceofprogress.D.Unspokengratitudeisoftenthemostheartfelt.【答案】24.D25.A26.D27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者收到了兒子送的生日禮物，這件禮物并不合作者的心意，但作者突然意識到這反應(yīng)了自己在兒子心目中的形象，作者的心態(tài)發(fā)生了改變。收下適合自己的禮物固然特別，但懷著開放且感激的心情收下所有類型的禮物同樣特別?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“OnedayIwasunwrappingabirthdaygiftfrommyteenageson—ablousemorestylishthanIfeltcomfortablewearing.MyfirstthoughtwhenIopenedthetissuepaperandsawtheblousewasthatitwasanothercandidatetohanginthebackofmycloset.Ifeltlikethemostimportantpersondidn’tcareenoughaboutmetothinkaboutmylikesanddislikes.(有一天，我正打開十幾歲兒子送的生日禮物——一件與其說我穿起來感覺舒適倒不如說時尚的襯衫。當(dāng)我打開薄紙看到這件襯衫時，我第一個想到的是，它又是一件掛在衣櫥后面的候選襯衫。我覺得最重要的人沒有足夠關(guān)心我，沒有考慮我的喜惡。)”可知，作者覺得這件襯衫穿起來不舒服，以后只能在衣柜里束之高閣，她覺得兒子沒有關(guān)心自己，由此可推測出，作者不滿意。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Atthatmoment,IrealizedJasonsawmeassomeonewhowouldbeopentoreceivingandwearingsomethingmoreelegantthanmyusualclothes.Hewantedtogivemesomethingspecial.Itwasaflashofsuddenrecognition.Theneverythingchanged.(那一刻，我意識到杰森認(rèn)為我是一個愿意接受并穿上比平時衣物更優(yōu)雅的衣服的人。他想給我特別的東西。那是一種突然的認(rèn)識。然后一切都變了。)”可推知，作者突然理解了兒子的想法，所以改變了對這件禮物的態(tài)度。故選A?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“ItmademethinkbackonthegiftsI’dignored.MaybethepeoplewhogavemethegiftssawsomethinginmethatIdidn’tseeinmyself.Thatopenedmeuptochangeandgrowth.(這讓我想起了我忽略的禮物。也許送我禮物的人在我身上看到了我自己沒有看到的東西。這讓我有機會改變和成長。)”和倒數(shù)第二段中的“Ihaverarelyfeltdisappointedwhenagiftdoesn’tmatchmyinterestsordesires.I’vestartedappreciatingthethoughtsandeffortsbehindeverygiftandaccepteditwithgratitude.(當(dāng)禮物不符合我的興趣或愿望時，我很少感到失望。我開始欣賞每一份禮物背后的想法和努力，并感激地接受它。)”可知，作者回顧了過去曾收到的禮物，開始心懷感激地接受禮物。故選D?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，作者一開始收到兒子禮物的時候感覺不合自己的心意，有些失望，但后來突然理解了兒子送這件禮物背后的想法，這讓作者改變了心態(tài)，回顧以前收到的禮物，作者明白了送禮人背后的想法和努力，此后開始保持開放心態(tài)、心懷感激地接受禮物。最后一段中的“ButIhavefoundthatitisjustasspecialtoreceiveallgiftswithanopenmindandagratefulheart.(但我發(fā)現(xiàn)，以開放的心態(tài)和感恩的心接受所有禮物同樣特別。)”突出文章主題，即要懷著開放的心態(tài)和感恩的心接受所有禮物。由此可推測出，C項“開放的心態(tài)是進步的源泉?！狈项}意。故選C。CWhattimeisitontheMoon?Sincethedawnofthespaceage,theanswerhasbeen:Itdepends.Fordecades,lunarmissionshaveoperatedonthetimeofthecountrythatlaunchedthem.However,asdifferentcountriesplanlunarmissions,thecurrentsystemhasbeenconsideredunsustainable.Thesolutionisalunartimezone.Creatingatimezoneuptheremaysimplifythings.ThemainobjectiveofestablishingauniversaltimekeepingsystemfortheMoonistomakethecontactamongthevariouscountriesmoreefficient.Thediscussionabouthowtodothatishappeningasthingsarestartingtogetbusyonandabovethelunarsurface.AlunarlanderfromonecountryissettoarriveontheMoon.Anotherlander,fromadifferentcountry,isexpectedtolandontheSouthPoleoftheMoon.Thesemissions,alongwithotherpossiblelunarlandings,arehappeningasaspaceagencypreparestosendfourastronautsintoorbitaroundtheMoon.ChinacompletedtheconstructionofitsownspacestationandpreviouslyhintedthatChineseastronautswouldbeontheMoonby2030.Withincreasedexplorationcomesthepotentialformiscommunication.“ThesemissionswillnotonlybeonoraroundtheMoonatthesametime,buttheywilloftenbeinteractingaswell—potentiallypassingcommunicationsforoneanother,performingjointobservationsormeetingup,”statedaspaceagency.Forallthoseinteractionstohappensmoothly,themissionswillneedtooperateonastandardizedtime,theagencysaid.“ThisideaoftimekeepingontheMoonisimportantbecauseitshowstheinternationaldevelopmentoftheMoon,”anexpertsaid.“PrecisiontimekeepingwaskeytotravelontheEarth,andit’skeytotravelbetweentheEarthandtheMoon.”AuniversaltimekeepingsystemfortheMoonisneeded,butmanydetailsremaintobeworkedout.OneofthequestionsthathasyettobesettlediswhetherlunartimeshouldbesetontheMoonormatchedwiththeEarth.Onceanewlunartimezoneisestablished,themethodsusedtocreateitwillbeusefulforfuturespaceexploration.AstronautscangotoMarsinthenexttwotothreedecadesandwillfacesimilarhurdlesthataMartiantimezonecouldaddress.28.TheauthorraisesthequestionunderlinedinParagraph1mainlyto_________.A.introducethetopic B.highlightthetermC.makeacomparison D.challengeanassumption29.Whatcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraph?A.Humanswillbebusyexploringouterspace.B.Itisurgentthathumanscreatealunartimezone.C.Itisvitalthathumansconductlunarexplorations.D.Humanswillgaingreatachievementsinlunarmissions.30.Asforthelunartimezone,whichwouldtheauthoragreewith?A.Ithasbeensuccessfullyestablished.B.Itmayeasemanagingdifferentlunarmissions.C.ItwillmatchthetimeontheMoonwithEarth’s.D.Itcanhelpachieveenvironmentalsustainability.【答案】28.A29.B30.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的幾十年來，月球發(fā)射任務(wù)一直按照發(fā)射國的時間進行。但隨著幾次月球探測即將升空，歐洲航天局（ESA）認(rèn)為目前的系統(tǒng)是不可持續(xù)的，并正在考慮給月球建立一個自己的時區(qū)。【28題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“WhattimeisitontheMoon?Sincethedawnofthespaceage,theanswerhasbeen:Itdepends.Fordecades,lunarmissionshaveoperatedonthetimeofthecountrythatlaunchedthem.However,asdifferentcountriesplanlunarmissions,thecurrentsystemhasbeenconsideredunsustainable.(月球上現(xiàn)在是幾點？自太空時代開始以來，答案一直是:視情況而定。幾十年來，登月任務(wù)都是根據(jù)發(fā)射國的時間來執(zhí)行的。然而，隨著不同的國家計劃月球任務(wù)，目前的系統(tǒng)被認(rèn)為是不可持續(xù)的)”可知，第一段提出問題主要是為了引出文章話題。故選A。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“ThemainobjectiveofestablishingauniversaltimekeepingsystemfortheMoonistomakethecontactamongthevariouscountriesmoreefficient.(建立一個通用的月球計時系統(tǒng)的主要目的是使各國之間的聯(lián)系更有效)”以及第三段“Thediscussionabouthowtodothatishappeningasthingsarestartingtogetbusyonandabovethelunarsurface.AlunarlanderfromonecountryissettoarriveontheMoon.Anotherlander,fromadifferentcountry,isexpectedtolandontheSouthPoleoftheMoon.Thesemissions,alongwithotherpossiblelunarlandings,arehappeningasaspaceagencypreparestosendfourastronautsintoorbitaroundtheMoon.ChinacompletedtheconstructionofitsownspacestationandpreviouslyhintedthatChineseastronautswouldbeontheMoonby2030.Withincreasedexplorationcomesthepotentialformiscommunication.(關(guān)于如何做到這一點的討論正在發(fā)生，因為月球表面上的事情開始變得忙碌起來。一個國家的月球著陸器即將到達月球。來自另一個國家的另一個著陸器預(yù)計將降落在月球南極。這些任務(wù)，連同其他可能的月球著陸，都是在一個太空機構(gòu)準(zhǔn)備將四名宇航員送入月球軌道時進行的。中國完成了自己的空間站建設(shè)，此前曾暗示中國宇航員將在2030年前登上月球。隨著探索的增加，誤解的可能性也隨之而來)”可知，隨著越來越多的國家進行月球探索，人類迫切需要建立一個月球時區(qū)。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Creatingatimezoneuptheremaysimplifythings.ThemainobjectiveofestablishingauniversaltimekeepingsystemfortheMoonistomakethecontactamongthevariouscountriesmoreefficient.(在那里創(chuàng)建一個時區(qū)可能會簡化事情。建立一個通用的月球計時系統(tǒng)的主要目的是使各國之間的聯(lián)系更有效)”以及第四段“ “These

missions

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said.(“這些任務(wù)不僅會在同一時間在月球上或月球周圍進行，而且它們還會經(jīng)常互動——可能會相互傳遞通信，進行聯(lián)合觀測或會面，”一家航天機構(gòu)表示。為了使所有這些互動順利進行，這些任務(wù)需要在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化時間內(nèi)進行操作，該機構(gòu)表示。)”可知，月球時區(qū)可以簡化管理不同的月球任務(wù)。故選B。DEveryoneisworriedabouttheroleofartificialintelligence(AI)inhealthcare.OpinionpiecesdebatetheabilityofAItomanagepatientneeds.Doctorsarealternatelycriticizingandadvocatingforhowitcanbeusedintheirpractices,andpatientsarequestioninghowitwillimpacttheirqualityofcareandtheirbills.Buttherealityisthatthebigbadwolfatthedoorofthehealthcareindustryisn’ttheunknownofmachinelearning—it’stheveryrealthreatofinnovationleadingthechargewithoutdoctorscontrollingthedirection.Trustformsthebedrockofanethical(道德的)healthcaresystem,whichcreatesanenvironmentthatprioritizesthewell-beingofthepatientaboveallelse.Buashealthcarestartups(初創(chuàng)公司)attempttoreshapethedeliveryofpatientcare,majorconcernshaveemergedregardingtheprioritizationofbusinessinterestsoverpatientoutcomes.Innovationisthekeytopromisingnewtreatmentsandcuresthatwillultimatelychangethelivesofmillions—butthelackofproviderinvolvementinnewhealthcarebusinessesisputtingpatientsingravedanger.Healthcareismorecomplexthananyotherfield,anddemandsthehigheststandardswhenitcomestoethicalpractices.Thereisnoroomfortrialanderrorwhenhumanlivesareontheline,norisitacceptabletomisuseprivatepatientdataforprofit-drivenpurposes.Yetwe’reseeingnewbusinessmodelsgrowatalarmingrateswithoutregardforethicalhealthcarepractices.It’sthis“growthatallcosts”attitudethatblursthelinesbetweenprofitabilityandpatientoutcomes.Investorsandexecutivesareputtingthemselvesinpositionsofpowerwithoutanystrategicadvisingfromanexperiencedmedicalprovider.Themodern-daypatienthasevolvedsignificantly—individualsareshowinguptoappointmentshavingdoneextensiveresearch,andnotalwaysonreliableplatforms.Patientsmustbemindfulofwhatinformationtheyaregivingoutandtheassociatedcomfortlevelofitbeingshared.Medicalhistorycanhaveunexpectedresultsforyourentirelife.Couldthereleaseofcertaininformationimpactyourfamily,job,orcareer?Theprovider’sjobistoadvocateforthepatient.Thisincludesdemandingtransparencyregardingdatahandlingandsecurityrules,challengingquestionablemarketingclaims,andensuringbusinessesprioritizeevidence-basedmedicineandpatientsafety.So,wehavetomakefulluseofaprovider’sinfluenceandexperience,ensuringtheyareusedtopromotepatientwell-beingandprotecttheirinterestsateveryturn.Astrustedcustodians(管理人)ofpatientdata,healthcareprovidersbeartheresponsibilityofensuringthatthebusinessprioritizesprivacyprotectionandobeysdatasecurityrules.Atthesametime,startupcompaniesmusttakestepstoensuredatasecurityandpatient-centricethicalpracticeswithmedicalprofessionalsinadvisoryanddecision-makingpositions.31.Whatleadstotheauthor’sconcernsabouttheroleofAIinhealthcare?A.TheabilityofAItomeetpatients’needs.B.Thelackofdoctors’guidanceinpractice.C.Doctors’criticismofAIintheirpractices.D.Patients’complaintsaboutthequalityoftheircare.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“blurs”inParagraph4mostprobablymean?A.Confuses. B.Links. C.Marks. D.Balances.33.Itisimpliedinthispassagethatweshould________.A.limitthedevelopmentofAIinhealthcarestartupsB.encouragedoctorstobeequippedwithAItechnologiesC.holdacriticalviewtowardsinnovationinthehealthcareareaD.informpatientsofthethreatofAItechnologiesinhealthcarebusinesses34Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowIsInnovationAdvocatingforPatients?B.HowIsInnovationInfluencingPeople’sLives?C.HowAreSomeHealthCareStartupsPuttingPatientsatRisk?D.HowAreSomeHealthCareStartupsDevelopingAITechnologies?【答案】31.B32.A33.C34.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。人工智能在醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用引發(fā)了廣泛的關(guān)注和討論。醫(yī)生、患者以及行業(yè)觀察者都在探討A1如何影響醫(yī)療服務(wù)的質(zhì)量和費用。然而，真正的問題不在于機器學(xué)習(xí)的不確定性,而在于創(chuàng)新可能不受醫(yī)生控制地引領(lǐng)變革?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Buttherealityisthatthebigbadwolfatthedoorofthehealthcareindustryisn’ttheunknownofmachinelearning—it’stheveryrealthreatofinnovationleadingthechargewithoutdoctorscontrollingthedirection.(但現(xiàn)實情況是，醫(yī)療保健行業(yè)門口的大惡狼并不是機器學(xué)習(xí)的未知領(lǐng)域，而是在沒有醫(yī)生控制方向的情況下引領(lǐng)創(chuàng)新的真正威脅。)”可知，作者感到擔(dān)憂是因為實踐中缺乏醫(yī)生的指導(dǎo)。故選B。【32題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)前文“Yetwe’reseeingnewbusinessmodelsgrowatalarmingrateswithoutregardforethicalhealthcarepractices.(然而，我們看到新的商業(yè)模式正在以驚人的速度增長，而不考慮道德醫(yī)療實踐。)”和后文“Investorsandexecutivesareputtingthemselvesinpositionsofpowerwithoutanystrategicadvisingfromanexperiencedmedicalprovider.(投資者和高管們在沒有經(jīng)驗豐富的醫(yī)療服務(wù)提供商提供任何戰(zhàn)略建議的情況下，把自己放在了權(quán)力的位置上。)”可知，畫線句表示：正是這種“不惜一切代價增長”的態(tài)度模糊了盈利能力和患者治療結(jié)果之間的界限。bur的意思為“模糊”，blur和confuse意思相近，故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題，根據(jù)第五段的“Theprovider’sjobistoadvocateforthepatient.Thisincludesdemandingtransparencyregardingdatahandlingandsecurityrules,challengingquestionablemarketingclaims,andensuringbusinessesprioritizeevidence-basedmedicineandpatientsafety.(提供者的工作是為患者辯護。這包括要求數(shù)據(jù)處理和安全規(guī)則的透明度，質(zhì)疑可疑的營銷主張，并確保企業(yè)優(yōu)先考慮循證醫(yī)學(xué)和患者安全。)”可知，文章暗示我們應(yīng)對醫(yī)療保健領(lǐng)域的創(chuàng)新持批判態(tài)度。故選C?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段的“Buashealthcarestartups(初創(chuàng)公司)attempttoreshapethedeliveryofpatientcare,majorconcernshaveemergedregardingtheprioritizationofbusinessinterestsoverpatientoutcomes.(但是，當(dāng)醫(yī)療保健初創(chuàng)公司試圖重塑患者護理的交付方式時，主要的擔(dān)憂已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)，即商業(yè)利益優(yōu)先于患者結(jié)果。)”并通讀全文可知，文章主要討論了醫(yī)療初創(chuàng)公司如何通過創(chuàng)新來重塑患者護理,但缺乏醫(yī)療提供者的參與,將患者置于危險之中。因此,文章的主旨是探討一些醫(yī)療初創(chuàng)公司如何使患者處于危險之中,所以最好的標(biāo)題是C選項“一些醫(yī)療初創(chuàng)公司如何使患者處于危險之中”。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Collegeisatimeunlikeanyotherinyourlife.____35____Everyonedoesitdifferently.Moststudentswhosucceedincollegehowever;sharecertaincharacteristics.____36____Collegeacademicsinthefirsttermwillbeparticularlydifficultbecauseitismaterialthatyouhaveneverseenbefore.Plus,youarefacingmuchhigherexpectations,especiallysinceyouaretheoneresponsibleforyourownmotivationandsuccess.Unlikehighschool,colleg