Unit5-九年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)單元速記巧練（牛津上海版）（原卷版）

Unit5ThehumanbrainThehumanbrain話題人類大腦詞匯ceremony,dramatic,connect,imagine,colourful,silly,memorize,method,link,improve,basic,afterward,injure,agree短語句型loseone'smemory失去記憶beessentialfor…對(duì)……至關(guān)重要inhospital住院beangrywithsb對(duì)某人生氣beconnectedwith…=bejoined／linkedwith…與……相連theOlympicGames奧運(yùn)會(huì)such…as例如aswellas也，還；而且inaddition另外語法條件狀語從句考點(diǎn)1.agreev.同意【例題】e.g.Heagreeswithme.他同意我的意見?！就卣埂?1)agreewith表示“同意……，適合……”，后面一般接人作賓語。e.g.Isaidthatshe'dbetterfinishtheworkfirst.Butshedidn'tagreewithme.我說她最好先完成工作，但她不同意我的話。(2)agreeto也表示“同意……”，但其后一般接辦法、計(jì)劃、提議或某事件作賓語。e.g.Weagreedtotheplan.我們同意那個(gè)計(jì)劃。(3)agreeon表示“雙方就……達(dá)成協(xié)議，取得一致意見”。e.g.Weagreedonthequestion.我們就這個(gè)問題取得了一致意見。考點(diǎn)2.injurevt.損害;傷害【例題】e.g.Thereweretwopeopleinjuredinthecaraccident.有兩個(gè)人在車禍中受了傷。Shewasinjuredbadlyinanaccidentduringthework.她在一次工傷事故中受了重傷?！就卣埂?1)injurevt.損害，傷害，毀壞；指在事故中受到的意外傷害或情感、名譽(yù)上的傷害。e.g.Don'tinjurehispride(reputation).不要傷害他的自尊心（名譽(yù)）。(2)hurtvt.＆vi.使受傷痛，損害，危害，指肉體或精神上的傷害、創(chuàng)傷，強(qiáng)調(diào)傷害造成的痛苦。e.g.Ithurtsyoureyestoreadinbed.在床上看書對(duì)眼睛有害。(3)harmn.＆vt.傷害；損害，危害，指對(duì)人或事物的危害。e.g.Animalsareourfriends.Wecan’tharmthem.動(dòng)物是人類的朋友，我們不要傷害它們。(4)damagevt.＆vi.損害，毀壞，破壞，指因損害而使之失去使用價(jià)值、用途等。e.g.Theacidraindamagedthecrops.酸雨毀壞了莊稼。(5)woundvt.＆vi.＆n.使受傷，打傷，傷口。指利器或子彈給身體造成的傷害。e.g.Thebulletwoundedhimintheshoulder.子彈打傷了他的肩膀。(6)destroyvt.破壞，摧毀，毀壞。指有目的有意圖地破壞。e.g.Theyhaddestroyedthebridgebeforetheenemycame.他們?cè)跀橙说絹碇耙呀?jīng)毀壞了這座橋。考點(diǎn)3.afterwardadv.然后，后來地【例句】e.g.Wesawthefilmandafterwardswalkedhometogether.我們看了電影后一起走回了家?！就卣埂俊局R(shí)拓展】ward(s)（后綴）(1)構(gòu)成形容訶，表示“向……的”；(2)構(gòu)成副詞，表示“向”。e.g.forwards向前backwards向后downwards向下upwards向上northwards向北southwards向南考點(diǎn)4.methodn.方法【例句】e.g.Thebestmethodofkeepingfitistoexerciseregularly.最好的保健方法就是有規(guī)律地鍛煉。【拓展】【指點(diǎn)迷津：method,way】這兩個(gè)詞都有“方法”或“方式”的意思。(1)method所表示的“方法”可以指做某件事的具體步驟或程序，也可以指抽象概念“條理”。e.g.Todothis,scientistshavetodevisemethodsusingradarandunderwatertelevision.為此，科學(xué)家還要設(shè)計(jì)出使用雷達(dá)和水下電視的方法。(2)way是個(gè)最通用的且不正式的詞，可以用來代替method。由于way常出現(xiàn)在許多固定的詞組中，可見這是個(gè)使用非常頻繁的詞，在不少含有way的詞組中，使用method或manner等可能表意更準(zhǔn)確些，但是那樣卻損害了生動(dòng)性。e.g.Healwayshashisownway.他總是隨心所欲。此句中的way就是manner的意思，因?yàn)檎f的是“個(gè)人喜愛的方式方法”。另外dosthinthisway中的way即method的意思，但并不用method。其他如：Intime，allSam’smoneywaspaidbackinthisway.最后，山姆的全部錢都是用這種方式付還的。e.g.Theonlywaytodothiswastooperate.要做到這一點(diǎn)的唯一方法就是動(dòng)手術(shù)。Civilizedmenlikesuchawayofliving.文明人喜歡這樣的生活方式?？键c(diǎn)5.memorizev.記住，記憶【例句】e.g.Hememorizedthelistofdates,butneglectedthemainfactscorrespondingtothem.他記住了那一系列日期，但卻忽略了與其有關(guān)的主要事實(shí)。【拓展】【指點(diǎn)迷津：memorize與remember】(1)memorize指的是“記住，熟記”，是將原本無記憶的東西通過某種手段而化作記憶。e.g.Memorizethesewordsandyouwillhaveadictationtomorrow.記住這些單詞，明天你們將進(jìn)行一次聽寫。(2)remember指的是“回憶，憶起”，是將原來記憶中的東西挖掘出來。e.g.Canyourememberwhathappenedyesterday?你還能回想起昨天發(fā)生了什么嗎？考點(diǎn)6.colourfuladj.鮮艷的；彩色的;生動(dòng)的，刺激的【例句】e.g.acolourfulshirt鮮艷的襯衫acolourfulstory饒有趣味的故事Shehasarathercolourfulpast.她過去的生活多姿多彩?！就卣埂俊局R(shí)拓展】colourn.顏色e.g.Youneedmorecolourinthisroom.你這房間的色調(diào)需要豐富些?？键c(diǎn)7.imaginev.想象，設(shè)想【例句】e.g.Canyouimaginewhatitwouldbeliketolivewithoutelectricity?你能想象出生活中沒有電會(huì)是一幅什么樣的情景嗎？Ican’timaginelivinganywherebutShanghai.我很難設(shè)想能到上海以外的地方去生活。【拓展】【近義】supposev.假設(shè)，推想，猜想guessv.猜測(cè)，猜想【知識(shí)拓展】imaginationn.想象力，想象e.g.Hiswritinglacksimagination.他的寫作缺乏想象力?？键c(diǎn)8.connectv.聯(lián)合，連接【例句】e.g.Willyouconnectthiswiretothetelevision?你要把電線接到電視上嗎？【拓展】【指點(diǎn)迷津：join,connect】兩個(gè)詞都含有“聯(lián)合，結(jié)合，接合”的意思。(1)join常指把明顯分離的東西連接起來。e.g.Thenewhighwayhasjoinedthetwocities.新高速公路把那兩個(gè)城市連接起來。(2)connect語意較弱，連接的事物通常有直接接觸。e.g.Aminorroadconnectsthehighways.一條小路同幾條公路相連。語法精講——條件狀語從句1.由if,if…not,unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句（1）主句、從句都為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表示這一行為引起的。例如：Ifyouheatmetal,itmelts.如果加熱金屬，它就熔化。Ifyoutakeafishoutofwater,itdies.如果讓魚離開水，它就會(huì)死去。Ifyoubuysomethingonsale,yousavemoney.如果你買特價(jià)商品，你就省錢。（2）從句謂語動(dòng)詞為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句謂語動(dòng)詞為一般將來時(shí)或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may,can或祈使句形式，表示這一行為。IfyoupractiseEnglisheveryday,you’llspeakfluently.如果你每天練習(xí)英語，你將會(huì)說得很流利。ImaybuyacarifIpassmytest.如果我通過測(cè)試，我可能會(huì)買一輛車。Ifheesback,pleasetelephoneme.如果他回來，請(qǐng)打給我。（3）unless除非，如果不，可替換if…notIfyoudon’tkeepicecreaminafridge,itmeltsquickly.=Unlessyoukeepicecreaminafridge,itmeltsquickly.如果你不把冰激凌放在冰箱里，它就會(huì)很快融化。（4）用and，or連接的句子可以同條件狀語從句互換。Putonmoreclothes,oryou’llcatchcold.=Ifyouputonmoreclothes,you’llnotcatchcold.Tryhard,andyou’llsucceed.=Ifyoutryhard,you’llsucceed.PracticePractice1．________alltheChinesepeopleworkhardtogether,thegreatChinaDreamwilletruesoon.A．Asif B．As C．Aslongas D．Assoonas2．Youwon’tfullyexperiencethecultureofaforeigncountry________yougothereinperson.A．unless B．because C．a(chǎn)ssoonas D．a(chǎn)slongas3．I’llgivethebooktoAlan________heeshere.A．before B．unless C．though D．if4．Wecannotentertheteachers’office________weknockatthedoorfirst.A．though B．unless C．so D．while5．Mymomwillnotallowmetohangout________Ipromisetoebackbefore9p.m.A．unless B．when

C．since D．a(chǎn)ssoonas9AU5詞匯（1）單詞表序號(hào)英文音標(biāo)詞性中文1/?mem?r?/n.記憶力，記性2/ma?nd/n.頭腦，大腦3/????t?t??m/adj.短期的，近期的4/l???t??m/adj.長期的，長遠(yuǎn)的5/??sen??l/adj.必不可少的，極其重要的6/??nd??r/v.傷害，使受傷7/?ɑ?ft?w?dz/adv.以后，后來8/?be?s?k/adj.最簡單的，基礎(chǔ)的9/l??k/n./v.聯(lián)系，連接10/?meθ?d/n.方法，措施11/?mem?ra?z/v.記憶，記住12/?k?l?f?l/adj.有趣的，豐富多彩的13/ma?l/n.英里14/?spa?d?r/n.蜘蛛15/dr??m?t?k/adj.激動(dòng)人心的，給人印象深刻的16/???p?n??/n.開幕式17/?ser?m?ni/n.典禮，儀式18/??l?mp?k/adj.奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的19/?w?nd?r/v.想知道，想弄明白20/ɡ??l/n.進(jìn)球得分21/mɑ?k/n.分?jǐn)?shù)22/?k?skju?z/n.理由，借口23發(fā)生故障，出毛病24對(duì)……發(fā)怒，對(duì)……生氣25聯(lián)想法26紙牌27奧運(yùn)會(huì)28出故障，拋錨29應(yīng)該，最好（2）9AU5詞形轉(zhuǎn)換與詞組整理①詞形轉(zhuǎn)換1n.回憶，記憶v.記憶2adj.基本的，基礎(chǔ)的n.基地3adj.豐富多彩的n.顏色v.涂色adj.有顏色的4v.打開；張開；開辦；開設(shè)n.開著的，開口的；敞開的，營業(yè)中的n.開幕式5v.對(duì)疑惑；想知道n.奇跡，奇觀adj.精彩的6adj.令人驚訝的，令人贊嘆的adj.感到驚嘆的7v.（forgot，forgot/forgotten）忘記；忘掉adj.健忘的8v.（felt，felt）感覺，覺得；摸，觸n.感覺9n.戲劇adj.戲劇性的，激動(dòng)人心的adv.突然地②詞組1gowrong出錯(cuò)2openingceremony開幕式3breakdown出故障；出錯(cuò)4beangrywith對(duì)……生氣5beconnectedwith與……有聯(lián)系6linkmethod聯(lián)想法（3）9AU5重點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解Joycewantedtohaveafeatureaboutmemory.Joyce想做一個(gè)有關(guān)記憶的特色專欄節(jié)目。gowrong變壞這里go是“連系動(dòng)詞”，意為“變?yōu)?，成為，處于……的狀態(tài)”。例如：Theyoungmanwentmadwhenhewonthelottery.那個(gè)年輕人買彩票中了獎(jiǎng)，竟變瘋了。Atthattimehisfamilywasverypoor.Thechildrenoftenwenthungry.afterwardsadv.后來，以后ward(s)后綴（1）構(gòu)成形容詞表示“向……的”；（2）構(gòu)成副詞表示“向”。例如：forwards向前 backwards向后 downwards向下 upwards向上injure/hurt/harm/damage/wound/destroy用法區(qū)別injurevt.損害，傷害，毀壞，指在事故中收到的意外傷害或情感、名譽(yù)上的傷害。例如：Don’tinjurehispride.不要傷害他的自尊心。hurtvt.&vi.使……受傷痛，損害，危害，指肉體或精神上的傷害、創(chuàng)傷，強(qiáng)調(diào)傷害造成的痛苦。例如：Ithurtsyoureyestoreadinbed.在床上看書對(duì)眼睛有害。harmn.&vt.傷害，損害，危害，指對(duì)人或事物的危害Animalsareourfriends.Wecan’tharmthem.動(dòng)物是人類的朋友，我們不要傷害它們。damagevt.&n.損害，毀壞，破壞，指因損害而使之失去使用價(jià)值、用途等。Theacidraindamagedthecrops.酸雨毀壞了莊稼。woundvt.&vi.&n.使……受傷，指利器或子彈給身體造成的傷害。Thebulletwoundedhimintheshoulder.子彈打傷了他的肩膀。destroyvt.破壞，摧毀，毀壞，指有目的地破壞。Theyhaddestroyedthebridgebeforetheenemycame.他們?cè)跀橙说絹碇耙呀?jīng)毀掉了這座橋。method/waymethodn.方法，辦法，教學(xué)法，指系統(tǒng)的、理論上的方法。例如：Aseriesofmethodstogetridofpollutionwillbeadopted.一整套治理污染的方法將被采用。wayn.方法，手段，方式，通常不帶有系統(tǒng)性。例如：I’venevertriedtoswimthisway.我從未試圖用這種方法由于。haveone’sownwayofdoingsth.有自己做某事的方法ImportantSentencesstructures.1.…,butwecanstillrememberthingsthathappenedalongtimeago....thathappenedalongtimeago為定語從句，that為定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。【知識(shí)拓展】在復(fù)合句中作定語，修飾主句中某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。被定語從句所修飾的詞叫先行詞，通常位于定語從句之前。引導(dǎo)定語從句的是關(guān)系代詞that，which，who(whom，whose)和關(guān)系副詞when，where，why。關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞位于先行詞和定語從句之間，它既起聯(lián)系作用，又充當(dāng)從句中的一個(gè)成分。定語從句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：先行詞+關(guān)系詞+定語從句。e.g.Doyouknowthegirlwho/thatisstandingunderatree?你知道站在樹下的女孩是誰嗎？Shegotaputerwhich／thatherparentsboughtforher.她有一臺(tái)電腦，這臺(tái)電腦是她父母買給她的。Theboywhosefatherisadoctorstudiesveryhard.他爸爸是位醫(yī)生的那個(gè)男孩學(xué)習(xí)非?？炭?。Theclassroomwhosewindowisopenismine.開著窗戶的那個(gè)教室是我的教室。IstillrememberthedaywhenyouleaveforBeijing.我仍然記得你去北京的那一天。Thisistheschoolwheremymotherworks.這就是我媽媽工作的那所學(xué)校。Couldyouexplainthereasonwhyyouwerelate?你能解釋一下你遲到的原因嗎？2.Whenyougetold,threethingsstarttogowrong.此處get和go都是連系動(dòng)詞，意為“變得”；類似的動(dòng)詞還有turn和bee?！局更c(diǎn)迷津】bee;get;turn這幾個(gè)詞作為系動(dòng)詞，都可以表示“變成”之意，但其用法不同。bee和get指變化過程已經(jīng)完成；bee比較正式，get則更加口語化。turn指變得與原來完全不同。e.g.Hebecameveryangry.他變得很生氣。It’sgettingdark.天變黑了。Herloveturnedintohate.她的愛變成了恨。Leavesturnedyellowinautumn.秋天樹葉變黃。3.Ifyouwanttomemorizesomething,youshouldmakeapictureinyourmind.Ifthepictureissilly,strangeandcolorful,youwillrememberitbetter.Ifsomeonesays…，youwill…畫線部分是由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。而主句則使用一般將來時(shí)。e.g.Ifitrainstomorrow,I'llstayathome.如果明天下雨，我將呆在家里。Ifyoufeelcold,putonthewarmcoat.如果你感到冷，穿上這件暖和的外套。如表示自然規(guī)律，客觀事實(shí)，主句和從句都為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。e.g.Ifyoutakeafishoutofwater,itdies.如果你讓魚離開水，它會(huì)死去。4.Aneasywaytodothisistoimaginethere…這句話中有兩個(gè)不定式短語，但它們起的作用不同。todothis作定語修飾Aneasyway,而toimaginethere…在整句話中作的是表語。5.單詞way在句中的不同意思(l)Onebasicwayofimprovingyourmemoryistousethelinkmethod.Aneasierwaytodothisistoimaginethereisa‘mile’betweenthefirstletterandthelastletter.Inthisway,youcanworkouttheproblem.（方式，方法）(2)Onthewaytotheoffice,hecameacrossanoldfriend.（在去某地的路上）(3)Bytheway,haveyoubeenthere?（順便問一下）(4)Waterisveryimportantinmanyways.（方面）(5)Excuseme,couldyoutellmethewaytothetheatre?（路線）PracticePractice一、閱讀單選WhenUSstudentOliviawokeuponemorning,shethoughtshehadhadadreamaboutmakingplanswithafriend.Butitwasn’tadream.Herphoneshowedthatduringthenight,Oliviahadreadatextmessagefromherfriend.Shediditwhileshewasfastasleep.Readingandsendingtextmessageswhileasleepcalled“sleeptexting”isanunusualsleepbehavior,similartosleepwalking.It’salsogrowinganxietyamongdoctors:youngpeoplecan’tlivewithouttheircellphones.Oneinthreeteenagerssendsmorethan100textmessagesaday,accordingtothePewInternet&AmericanLifeProject.Andatleastfouroutoffiveteenagerssaidtheysleepwiththeirphonesonorneartheirbed.ElizabethDowdell,aprofessoratVillanovaUniversity,hasstudiedsleepingtexting.Shesaidthathavingaphonenearbyallnightisabigpartoftheproblem.Andrew,asleepmedicineexpert,agrees.It’spossibleforthepartofthebrainthatcontrolsmotorskills(運(yùn)動(dòng)技能)towakeup,whilethepartofthebrainthatcontrolsmemoryandjudgmentmaybestillasleep.That’swhysomepeoplecanperformbasicmovementssuchaswalking,talking,textingorevendrivingwhilethey’resleeping.SomeofDowdell’sstudentssaidthatthey’redisturbedbytheirnighttimetextingbehavior.Butbecausesleeptextingisunconscious,it’sadifficulthabittobreak.Dowdellsaidsheknewsomestudentswhoworesocksontheirhandstokeepthemselvesfromtexting.MarjorieHogan,adoctoratHennepinCountyMedicalCentersuggestskeepingallelectronicdevices(電子設(shè)備)outsidethebedroomatcertaintimes.1．WhathappenedtoOlivia?A．Shesleepwalkedtoafriend’shouse.B．Shedreamedofmakingplanswithafriend.C．Shephonedoneofherfriendsduringthenight.D．Shereadatextmessagefromherfriendwhileasleep.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unconscious”mean?A．無意識(shí)的 B．無規(guī)律的 C．無反應(yīng)的 D．無方法的3．WhatdoesdoctorHogansuggestpeoplewho“sleeptexting”do?A．Stoptextingtootherpeopleduringthedaytime.B．Takesomemedicinetocontrolthestrangebehavior.C．Keeptheirphonesoutoftheirbedroomswhiletheysleep.D．Wearsocksontheirhandstostopthemselvesfromtexting.4．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A．it’seasyforustogiveupasleeptextinghabitB．oneinthreeteenagershasasleeptextinghabitC．sleeptextingdoesmoreharmtoone’shealththansleepwalkingD．sleeptextingcanreducethequalityofone’ssleep二、完形填空Finally,afternearlyhalfamonth,theChristmasletterwashereinmyhand.Yes,writinglettersishowmyfriendintheU.S.andI5ourgreetingseveryChristmas.PeopleaskwhynotsendourgreetingsonFacebook,oronWeChat6,andbytheway,it'llsavemoney.For

me,writinglettersismoreofa7habitthanaquirk(怪癖)inmoderntimes.I,anexperiencedletterwriter,cantellyouthatwritinglettersbringsmemoreemotional(情感的)munication.Infact,onlypartsofouremotionscanbefound.Some8inCaliforniaStateUniversity

foundthatelectronicdevices,likesmartphones,cangreatlyinfluencepeopleinmanyways.

Suchdevicespreventpeoplefrom9theirinner(內(nèi)心的)feelings.paredwithmodernmunication,writinglettershasmoreadvantages.10wewrite,ourbrainisgiventhechancetodiscoverconnectionsbetweenthingswedidn’tseebefore.Andweare11toshowouremotionsfully.IfIamheretotellyouwhyIlovewritingletters,oneofthe12wouldbeitssenseoftouchfeelingofmyhandrunningthroughthepages,feelingofpenslidingacrossthepaper,andfeelingofthe13ofink(墨水)intheair.It14thatbothyourwordsandtheletteritselfcanhelpyouexpressyourfeelings.Lettersbuildabridgebetweenthewriterandreceiver.Peopleexperiencemorewhentheyreceivemessagesintheformofaletter,ratherthananyothermedia.5．A．introduce B．exchange C．describe D．repeat6．A．pletely B．recently C．simply D．exactly7．A．natural B．boring C．crazy D．national8．A．posers B．visitors C．inventors D．professors9．A．discovering B．shaking C．spreading D．refusing10．A．When B．Before C．Till D．Though11．A．remended B．encouraged C．invited D．forced12．A．customs B．reasons C．challenges D．a(chǎn)chievements13．A．colour B．quality C．smell D．price14．A．givesout B．breaksout C．esout D．turnsout三、短文首字母填空閱讀短文，在其后空白處寫出各單詞的正確形式。單詞的第一個(gè)字母已給出。

Memoryisveryimportant.Ithelpsyourememberwhoyouare,whereyoulive,andwhatyoup15todointhefuture.So,howcanyoui16yourmemory?

Itisnecessarytoe17yourbrain.Forexample,youcandonewthingsandchangeyourdailyhabits.Ifyouwalkadifferentwaytoschoolortakeadifferentbus,youwillk18yourbrainactive.Youcantrytodosomethingnew.Youcantryamathproblem.Youcanalsotrytolearnnewskillsorstudyaf19language.Yourbrainwillgetlotsofregularexerciseifyoudoanyofthesethings.

Ifyouliveah20life,yourmemorywillworkwell.Youmusthaveabalanceddiet.Youmustgiveyourbraine21timetorest.W22youstayupalot,youwillnotrememberthingswell.Ifyouwantyourbraintoworkq23,youneedtorelax,too.Ifyouaretooworried,yourbrainwillslowdown.

So,improvingyourmemoryisnots24.Youshouldstayrelaxed,exerciseyourbrainandliveagoodlife.四、閱讀回答問題Answerthequestions（根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容回答問題）Examtimeisthemoststressful(壓力重的)periodoftheyear.Youhaveworkedallschooltermonyourclassesandnowit’sthetimetoprovewhatyouhavelearned.Withsomuchatstake(處于成敗關(guān)頭),itiseasytoge