湖南省永州市高二上學(xué)期期末英語試題

永州市2019年下期高二期末質(zhì)量監(jiān)測試卷英語試題注意事項：1.本試卷分第I卷(選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）兩部分，共10頁。滿分150分。考試用時120分鐘?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。2.答第I卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號填寫在答題卡上。3.選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號，不能答在本試卷上，否則無效。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題，每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthemanaskingthewomanfor?A.Abook.B.Abed.C.Adesklamp.2.Whichapartmentisthewomanlookingfor?A.Number23.B.Number25.C.Number27.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Pets.B.Afilm.C.ATVprogramme.4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers？A.Teacherandstudent.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Bossandemployee.5.WherewillthewomangoswimmingthisSunday?A.Inthelake.B.Inthesea.C.Atthegym.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.What’swrongwiththewoman?A.Shehasaheadache.B.Shehasatoothache.C.Shehasastomachache.7.Howlonghasthewomanhadtheproblem?A.Fortwoweeks.B.Fortwodays.C.Fortwomonths.聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.Takecareofhiscat.B.Buyhismotheragift.C.PickhimuponThursday.9.Howoldisthewoman’smother?A.60.B.70.C.80.10.Whenwillthemangotothewoman’shousenextweek?A.Thursday.B.Wednesday.C.Friday.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatkindofroomdoesthemanwant?A.Asingleroom.B.Abusinessroom.C.Adoubleroom.12.Whatisneededontheform?A.Addressandsignature.B.Passportnumberandaddress.C.Passportnumberandsignature.13.Howwillthemanpayforhisroom?A.Incash.B.Bycheck.C.Bycreditcard.聽第9段材料,回答第14至17題。14.Whathappenedtothewoman?AShewaslost.B.Shehadanaccident.C.Shetookawrongbus.15.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?AStaystill.B.Trytostandup.C.Callanambulance.16.Whatdoesthewomangivetothemanintheend?A.HerpassportB.Aradio.C.HerIDcard.17.Whatmightthemanbe?A.Areporter.B.Apoliceman.C.Adoctor.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatisthebestsourceofproteinaccordingtothespeaker?A.Plants.B.Animalmeat.C.Insectmeat.19.Howdomostpeoplegettheirinsectsforeating?A.Byraisingthemathome.B.Byfindingtheminthewild.C.Bybuyingthemfromfarmers.20.Whydoesthespeakerencouragepeopletoeatinsects?A.Tomakemealstastier.B.Togivefarmersmorebusiness.C.Toendhungeraroundtheworld.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ACaves(洞穴)haveaprimaryappeal—theyholdthesecretstoourpastandaremysteriousinandofthemselves.●MammothCaveKentucky,USAThelongestcavesystemintheworldliesbeneaththeGreenRiverValleyinKentuckyandwhileover400milesofpassagewayshavebeenmapped,ithasyettobefullydiscovered.Theplexlimestonelabyrinth(石灰?guī)r迷宮)wasdiscoveredbyhumans4,000yearsago.●BlueGrottoCapri,ItalyOnceusedasthepersonalswimmingholefortheRomanEmperorTiberius,thisextremelybrightseacaveisalmost200feetlongand82feetwide.Itsuniqueglowesfromthelightenteringthesmallopeningtotheoutside.●AvshalomCaveNatureReserveBeitShemesh,IsraelAlsoknownastheSoreqCaveNatureReserve,AvshalomisconsideredtobetheRosettaStoneofclimatehistoryintheEasternMediterraneanthroughthepackedstalactites(鐘乳石)foundinthecave,someofwhichareover13feetlong,andareasoldas300,000years.●CaveoftheCrystalsNaica,MexicoThisuniquecavesysteminMexicocontainssomeofthelargestnaturalcrystals(水晶)everfound—thelongestofwhichis39feetlongand13feetthick.However,itisrarelyexploredduetologisticaldifficulties:itisextremelyhotduetoitslocationaboveavolcanicvent,andthehugecrystalsblockalsoblockthepassage.1.Wheredoesthelongestcaveliein?A.Kentucky,USA. B.Capri,Italy.C.BeitShemesh,Israel. D.Naica,Mexico.2.Avshalomisfamousas.A.themostbeautifulcave. B.theSoreqCaveNatureReserve.C.theEmperor’sswimminghole. D.over400milesofpassageways.3.Whichcaveincludesthelargestnaturalcrystals?A.CaveoftheCrystals. B.BlueGrotto.C.MammothCave. D.AvshalomCaveNatureReserve.【答案】1.A2.B3.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了世界著名的幾大洞穴?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章MammothCave部分內(nèi)容：MammothCave,Kentucky,USAThelongestcavesystemintheworldliesbeneaththeGreenRiverValleyinKentucky…（美國肯塔基州猛犸洞，世界上最長的洞穴系統(tǒng)位于肯塔基州的綠河谷下面……）可知，世界上最長的洞穴是位于美國肯塔基州的猛犸洞穴。故選A項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章AvshalomCaveNatureReserve部分內(nèi)容：AlsoknownastheSoreqCaveNatureReserve…（阿夫沙洛姆洞穴自然保護(hù)區(qū)也被稱為Soreq洞穴自然保護(hù)區(qū)……）可知，阿夫沙洛姆洞穴自然保護(hù)區(qū)以被稱為稱為Soreq洞穴自然保護(hù)區(qū)而出名。故選B項。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章CaveoftheCrystals部分內(nèi)容：ThisuniquecavesysteminMexicocontainssomeofthelargestnaturalcrystalseverfound（墨西哥這個獨特的洞穴系統(tǒng)包含了一些迄今為止發(fā)現(xiàn)的最大的天然水晶）可知，最大的水晶在墨西哥的水晶洞里發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選A項。B“Ihadnointentiontoadoptacatthatday.Ijustlikedbeingaroundanimals.”Mirandasays.ButwhenshesawNalainhermetalcage,“WemadeeyecontactandIcouldn'tresist（抗拒）herbigblueeyes.”Atthatpoint,“Nalawassosmall.IaskedtheshelterifIcouldholdher.OncehadNalainmyarms,Nalalookedupatmeandlicked（舔）myface.”Andthatwaswhensheknewshehadtotakethiskittyhome.Still,MirandaneverimaginedNalawouldbeeanInstastar.“IstartedNala’sInstagramaccountin2012asawaytosharephotoswithmyclosefriendsandfamilyinThailand,”sheexplained.ThepossibilityofNalagainingattentionbeyondthatsmallgroupofpeoplehadn’toccurredtoheruntilithappened.Mirandasays,“EachtimeNala’sphotowasfeaturedonInstagram’spopularpage,heraccountwouldgain1,000newfollowers.”Fromthere,Nala’spopularitysnowballed.LargenationwidebrandsmessagedMirandaabouthiringNalatodoads.“Thistookusbysurprisebecausewecouldn’tbelievethatabigbrandwantedtopaythemtotakephotoswiththeirproductsnexttoNala.”Nalastartedlifeoutinashelter,justwaitingtobelovedlikemanyotheranimalsthatwereabandoned.Todaythatdreamhassurelyetrue.Nalahasover4millionfollowersonInstagram,whichearnedherthetitle“GuinnessWorldRecordsMostPopularCatonInstagram.”InadditiontomanagingherInstafame,Nalaisbeingaskedtotestvariouscatfoodbrands.Moreimportantly,“Nalaisourchancetosharethelovetohelpcreateabetterlifeforotheranimals,sotheycangrowwellandbringjoytotheworldlikeNalahas.”4.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Visitstoashelter. B.Loveatfirstsight.C.Powerofblueeyes. D.Dutytoadoptcats.5.WhydidMirandaopenNala’sInstagramaccount?A.TomeetNala’sneeds. B.TohelpNalabeastar.C.ToshareNala’spictures. D.Toattractpublicattention.6.HowdidMirandafeelaboutNala’spopularity?A.Satisfied B.Amazed. C.Upset. D.Disappointed7.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thatdream”inparagraph4referto?A.Beingwelltreatedlikemanyofherkind. B.Startinglifeintheshelter.C.Gainingchancestoearnmoney. D.BeingraisedbyInstagramfans.【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.A【解析】這是一篇新聞報道。Nala是一只貓咪，在被Miranda收養(yǎng)后在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上走紅?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第三句中的“WemadeeyecontactandIcouldn'tresist（抗拒）herbigblueeyes.”（我們眼神接觸，我無法抗拒它藍(lán)色的大眼睛。）和最后一句“Andthatwaswhensheknewshehadtotakethiskittyhome.”（就在那時，她知道她必須把這只小貓帶回家。）可知，第一段主要是講Miranda第一次見到Nala時就喜歡上了這只小貓并把它帶回了家。所以第一段主要是講與一只貓咪的一見鐘情。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“IstartedNala’sInstagramaccountin2012asawaytosharephotoswithmyclosefriendsandfamilyinThailand”（2012年，我開通了Nala的Instagram賬號，以便與我在泰國的親密朋友和家人分享照片）可知，Miranda開通了Nala的Instagram賬號是為了分享Nala的照片。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Thistookusbysurprisebecausewecouldn’tbelievethatabigbrandwantedtopaythemtotakephotoswiththeirproductsnexttoNala.”（這讓我們很驚訝，因為我們不敢相信一個大品牌愿意付錢讓他們在Nala旁邊給他們的產(chǎn)品拍照。）可知，Miranda對Nala的走紅感到驚奇。故選B?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)倒第二段第一句“Nalastartedlifeoutinashelter,justwaitingtobelovedlikemanyotheranimalsthatwereabandoned.”（Nala在收容所開始了自己的生活，就像許多其他被遺棄的動物一樣，等待著被愛。）可知，那個夢是指像它的同類一樣受到善待。故選A。CTwolittlegirlswhoarelovelyinBritainarebringingthousandsofpeopletogethertosignapetition(請愿書)demandingthatBurgerKingandMcDonald’sstopgivingawayfreeplastictoys.Withthehelpoftheirmother,nineyearoldEllaandsevenyearoldCaitlinstartedanonlinepetitioninordertopersuadethefastfoodgiants(巨頭)todoawaywiththewastefultoysthatewithHappyMealsandJuniorMeals.Sincestartingthepetition,theyoungstershavegotover350,000signaturesoftheir500,000goal,andthecalltoactionhasalreadyreceivedfurthersupportfromadultsandchildren.“We’vebeenlearningallabouttheenvironmentatschoolandtheproblemofplastic.Itmadeusverysadtoseehowplasticharmswildlifeandpollutestheocean,andwewanttochangethis,”readsthepetition.“That’swhywewantBurgerKingandMcDonald’stothinkoftheenvironmentandstopgivingawayplastictoyswiththeirkidsmeals.”“WeliketogotoeatatBurgerKingandMcDonald’s,butchildrenonlyplaywiththeplastictoysforafewminutesbeforetheygetthrownawayandharmanimalsandpollutethesea.Wewantanythingtheygiveustobeenvironmentallyfriendlysowecanprotecttheplanetforourselvesandforfuturegenerations,”theycontinued.Inadditiontothegirlsmakingaconvincingargument,theamountofsignaturesonthepetitionalmostdoubledafterreporterswiththeBBC’sWaronPlasticfollowedtheyoungactiviststotheMcDonald’sheadquartersinordertopresentthepetition.Sincethelittlegirls’storystartedbeingpickedupbyinternationalnewsoutlets,BurgerKingandMcDonald’shaveemailedstatementstoCNBCdetailingtheirplansformakingtheirfreetoysmoreenvironmentallyfriendly.8.Howdidthetwogirlsbegintheirpetition?A.ByBBC.B.ByCNBC.C.ByInternet.D.Bynewspapers.9.Whyarethetwolittlegirlsgatheringmanypeopletogether?A.Togainpeople’sattention.B.Togetover350,000signatures.C.ToeatatBurgerKingandMcDonald’s.D.Tostoptwogiantspresentingfreeplastictoys.10.WhatwillBurgerKingandMcDonald’splantodoafterthepetition?A.ToemailstatementstoBBC.B.Tomakeaconvincingargument.C.Tosellmoreenvironmentallyfriendlytoys.D.Togiveawaymoreenvironmentallyfriendlytoys.11.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthetwolittlegirls’story?A.It’saboutproductpromotion.B.It’saboutpanyintroduction.C.It’saboutmercialadvertising.D.It’saboutenvironmentalprotection.【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了英國兩名小女孩通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)將成千上萬的人聚集在一起，簽署請愿書，希望漢堡王和麥當(dāng)勞考慮環(huán)境問題，停止在孩子們用餐時分發(fā)塑料玩具。8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容：Withthehelpoftheirmother,nineyearoldEllaandsevenyearoldCaitlinstartedanonlinepetitioninordertopersuadethefastfoodgiantstodoawaywiththewastefultoysthatewithHappyMealsandJuniorMeals.（在媽媽的幫助下，9歲的艾拉和7歲的凱特琳在網(wǎng)上發(fā)起了一項請愿活動，以說服快餐巨頭們?nèi)拥綦S開心樂園餐和兒童套餐而來的浪費玩具。）可知，她們是通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)開始這項請愿活動的。故選C項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容：TwolittlegirlswhoarelovelyinBritainarebringingthousandsofpeopletogethertosignapetitiondemandingthatBurgerKingandMcDonald’sstopgivingawayfreeplastictoys.（英國兩名可愛的小女孩將成千上萬的人聚集在一起，簽署請愿書，要求漢堡王和麥當(dāng)勞停止發(fā)放免費塑料玩具）可知，這兩個女孩聚集如此多的人是為了阻止?jié)h堡王和麥當(dāng)勞發(fā)放免費的塑料玩具給孩子。故選D項。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章末段內(nèi)容：Sincethelittlegirls’storystartedbeingpickedupbyinternationalnewsoutlets,BurgerKingandMcDonald’shaveemailedstatementstoCNBCdetailingtheirplansformakingtheirfreetoysmoreenvironmentallyfriendly.（自從小女孩的故事開始被國際新聞媒體報道以來，漢堡王和麥當(dāng)勞已經(jīng)通過電子郵件向美國全國廣播公司財經(jīng)頻道(CNBC)發(fā)送了聲明，詳細(xì)說明了他們讓免費玩具更環(huán)保的計劃。）可知，請愿書事件使這兩家公司決定發(fā)放環(huán)保型的玩具給孩子。故選D項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容主要講述了英國兩名可愛的小女孩將成千上萬的人聚集在一起，簽署請愿書，其目的是希望漢堡王和麥當(dāng)勞考慮環(huán)境問題，停止在孩子們用餐時分發(fā)塑料玩具。因此可知，她們的故事是關(guān)于環(huán)保的。故選D項。DAnewdevice(設(shè)備)calledOrionishelpingthosewhoareblindtosee.Itdoesthisinanewwaybyhelpingthemexperiencetheworldaroundthem.JasonEsterhuizenlosthiseyesightafteracaraccident.Heneverthoughthewouldbeabletoseelightormovementagain.Butnowwiththemovementofaswitch(開關(guān)),hisworldsuddenlygrewbrighter.Hesays,“Istillcan’tputitintowords.Imeanfrombeingabletoseeabsolutelynothing,it’spletelyblack,toallofasuddenseeinglittleflickers(閃爍)oflightmovearound.”Itisnotfullornormalsight,butEsterhuizencanmoveaboutintheworldaroundhim.Thenewtechnologyusesseveralparts.Oneisasmalldeviceplacedinthebrain.Theotherpartsareavideocameraonsunglassesandaprocessingdevicethatcanbecarriedinaperson’sclothes.Whentheuserpointsthecamera,asignalgoestotheprocessor(處理器)andthenbacktotheglasses.Theglassesthenareinwirelessmunicationwiththedeviceinthebrain.Theinformationcausesapatterntodevelopinthepartofthebrain.Thepatternhelpsuserssenseorseemovementandshapesoflight.Anditallhappensinseconds.EsterhuizenisoneofjusttwopeopleintheU.S.testingthistechnology.Hesaysthat“Icantellsomeonemovingacrosstheroom,walkingpastmeorwalkingawayfromme,orit’salightagainstthewall.Itisjustamazingtohavesomeformoffunctionalvisionagain.”Headdsthatnowhecandoeverydayactivitiesaroundhishomethatheoncecouldnot.Itiseasiertowalkoutside.Theresearchersbelievethatonedaythistechnologycouldhelppeoplewhohavelosttheirvisionbecauseofillnesseslikediabetes.Itmayalsohelpthosewithpoorvisionorwhowerebornblind.12.WhichofthefollowingcausedEsterhuizentogoblind?A.Anillness. B.Acaraccident.C.Abraindamage. D.Ageneticproblem.13.Whatcanweknowaboutsunglassesofthenewtechnology?A.Theyareputinthebrain.B.Theyarecarriedintheuser’sclothes.C.Theyaremainlyusedtoprotectaperson’seyes.D.Theymunicatewirelesslywithasmalldevice.14.WhatcanweinferaboutEsterhuizeninparagraph5?A.Hefullyregainshissight.B.Healwaysdodailyactivitiesfreely.C.Hefeelsdelightedtoseetheworldagain.D.Heistheonlyonetotestthistechnology.15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Orionmakeshomesbrighter.B.Orionfunctionsasnormaleyes.C.Anewequipmenthelpstheblindsee.D.Anewtechnologyhappensinseconds.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種名為“獵戶座”的新設(shè)備正在幫助那些盲人重見光明。它以一種新的方式幫助他們體驗周圍的世界?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第1句內(nèi)容：JasonEsterhuizenlosthiseyesightafteracaraccident.（JasonEsterhuizen在一次車禍后失去了視力。）可知，Esterhuizen是在車禍中失明的。故選B項?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段內(nèi)容：Thenewtechnologyusesseveralparts.Oneisasmalldeviceplacedinthebrain.Theotherpartsareavideocameraonsunglassesandaprocessingdevicethatcanbecarriedinaperson’sclothes.Whentheuserpointsthecamera,asignalgoestotheprocessorandthenbacktotheglasses.Theglassesthenareinwirelessmunicationwiththedeviceinthebrain.（這項新技術(shù)使用了幾個部分。一個是放置在大腦中的小裝置。其他部分是太陽鏡上的攝像機和可以放在衣服里的處理設(shè)備。當(dāng)用戶點相機時,信號的處理器，然后回到了眼鏡。然后，眼鏡就可以與大腦中的設(shè)備進(jìn)行無線通信。）可知，太陽鏡可以與大腦中的小裝置進(jìn)行無線通信。故選D項?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段第2句內(nèi)容：Hesaysthat“Icantellsomeonemovingacrosstheroom,walkingpastmeorwalkingawayfromme,orit’salightagainstthewall.Itisjustamazingtohavesomeformoffunctionalvisionagain.”（他說:“我能分辨出是有人從我身邊走過，還是從我身邊走開，或者是墻上的一盞燈。再次擁有某種形式的功能性視力真是太神奇了?！保┛芍?，能夠擁有功能性視力使他很高興。選項C：Hefeelsdelightedtoseetheworldagain.（他很高興再次看到這個世界。）論述正確。故選C項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)為總分結(jié)構(gòu)，可知，第一段提出了文章的主旨要點：AnewdevicecalledOrionishelpingthosewhoareblindtosee.Itdoesthisinanewwaybyhelpingthemexperiencetheworldaroundthem.（一種名為“獵戶座”的新設(shè)備正在幫助那些盲人重見光明。它以一種新的方式幫助他們體驗周圍的世界。）可知，本文主要介紹了一種新型的幫助盲人重新看到世界的設(shè)備。選項C：Anewequipmenthelpstheblindsee.（一種新設(shè)備幫助盲人看東西。）概括了主旨。故選C項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。FourhabitsofhappypeopleWhiletherecentresearchhasshownthatabout60percentofourbaseline(基本)levelofhappinessisprobablygeneticallydetermined,itmeans40percentisunderourcontrol.Youcan’tgobackandgetnewgenes.___16___.Herearethegoodhabitsofhappypeople.·Spendtimeoutside.Ifyoucanclock20minutesadayoutside,studiesshowyou’llnotonlymaintainabettermood,butyourmindwillbemoreopenandyou’llimproveyourworkingmemory._____17_____.·Exerciseregularly.Allexercisereleasesendorphins(腦內(nèi)肽)inyourbrain,andifyouworkoutregularly,thismoodboosts（增強）evencarriesovertononworkoutdays._____18_____.Moodstaysaboutthesameondaystheydon’t.____19____.Astudyhasconfirmedthatwhenpeopleactivelytrytobehappy,theyraisetheirbaselinemoods,makingthemfeelhappierthanthosewhodonottry.Inthestudy,twosetsofparticipantslistenedto“happy”music.Thosewhoactivelytriedtofeelhappierreportedthehighestlevelofpositivemoodafterwards.·Careforothers._____20_____.Volunteerworkisgoodforbothmentalandphysicalhealth.Peopleofallageswhovolunteerarehappierandexperiencebetterphysicalhealthandlessdepression.A.Exerciseiseasytodo.B.Puteffortintobeinghappy.C.Peoplearoundyouimpactyourmood.D.Sunshineandfreshairmakeyoufeelgoodtoo.E.ButyoucanstartagoodmorningoverwithanewattitudeF.Peoplewhospendtimeeverymonthhelpingothersarehappier.G.Onexercisedays,people’smoodissignificantlyimprovedafterexercising.【答案】16.E17.D18.G19.B20.F【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了快樂人群的四個習(xí)慣?！?6題詳解】設(shè)空在段中，承前啟后的作用。根據(jù)前文內(nèi)容“Youcan’tgobackandgetnewgenes（你不能重組基因）”，而后文內(nèi)容“Herearethegoodhabitsofhappypeople.”提及了幸福人的好習(xí)慣，可推知所填空應(yīng)是對前文的轉(zhuǎn)折，且呼應(yīng)后文幸福可以由自身習(xí)慣決定。選項E：Butyoucanstartagoodmorningoverwithanewattitude.（但是你可以用新的態(tài)度來開始一個美好的早晨)符合語境分析。故選E項?！?7題詳解】設(shè)空在段末，呼應(yīng)主旨句。根據(jù)本段主題句：Spendtimeoutside.（花時間在外面。）可知，本段主要講述了在戶外對于好情緒的影響。選項D“Sunshineandfreshairmakeyoufeelgoodtoo.”提及了陽光和新鮮空氣對于好心情的幫助，符合本段主旨。故選D項?！?8題詳解】設(shè)空在段中，承前啟后的作用。根據(jù)前文內(nèi)容：Allexercisereleasesendorphinsinyourbrain,andifyouworkoutregularly,thismoodboostsevencarriesovertononworkoutdays.（所有的運動都會在你的大腦中釋放內(nèi)啡肽，如果你經(jīng)常鍛煉，這種情緒就會持續(xù)到不鍛煉的日子。）可知本段主要講述做運動帶來的心情方面的有利之處在運動當(dāng)日和非運動日都有效，且后文已經(jīng)提及非運動日，因此可推知，所填空為運動當(dāng)日的“好心情”，選項G：Onexercisedays,people’smoodissignificantlyimprovedafterexercising.（在運動日，人們的情緒在運動后明顯改善。）符合語境分析。故選G項?！?9題詳解】設(shè)空處為本段小標(biāo)題，應(yīng)是中心主旨。根據(jù)后文內(nèi)容：Astudyhasconfirmedthatwhenpeopleactivelytrytobehappy,theyraisetheirbaselinemoods,makingthemfeelhappierthanthosewhodonottry.（一項研究證實，當(dāng)人們積極嘗試快樂時，他們會提高自己的基準(zhǔn)情緒，讓自己比那些不努力的人更快樂。）可知，本段主要講述了“努力使自己快樂”的積極作用。選項B：Puteffortintobeinghappy.（努力讓自己快樂。）符合本段中心主旨。故選B項?！?0題詳解】設(shè)空處在段中，緊跟主旨標(biāo)題，應(yīng)為主旨句支持解釋句。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Careforothers（關(guān)愛他人）”可知，所填句子應(yīng)解釋關(guān)愛他人對情緒帶來好處。選項F：Peoplewhospendtimeeverymonthhelpingothersarehappier.（每個月花時間幫助別人的人更快樂。）符合語境分析。故選F項。【點睛】七選五技巧—連詞的暗示在做七選五題目時，無論是在文章中還是在所提供的選項中，連詞是值得注意的。它們往往成為答案的線索或成為答案的可能性很大。如一些表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞，though，but，however，yet，nevertheless等，另外還有一些表示并列關(guān)系的詞，如therefore，and，aswellas，also，neithernor，eitheror，notonly...butalso，ononehandontheotherhand等。因為這些連詞可以表現(xiàn)句子與句子之間的關(guān)系，通過不同的連詞我們可以推知句子與句子之間不同的關(guān)系。比如文章第1小題：Whiletherecentresearchhasshownthatabout60percentofourbaseline(基本)levelofhappinessisprobablygeneticallydetermined,itmeans40percentisunderourcontrol.Youcan’tgobackandgetnewgenes.___1___.Herearethegoodhabitsofhappypeople.在做此題時，可以注意到，空前的一句話含有否定詞“can’t”，而后面的句子“Herearethegoodhabitsofhappypeople.”是肯定句。說明所填的句子應(yīng)是轉(zhuǎn)折句，才能起到承前啟后的作用，將兩個句子銜接起來。因此選項E“Butyoucanstartagoodmorningoverwithanewattitude.”中的連詞“but”可以起到很好的語境銜接作用。且符合句意主旨。因此第1小題答案為E項。第三部分英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ShreyaaVenkat’sdesireforhelpingothersstartedassoonasshecouldwalk.Herparents,___21___volunteersthemselves,broughtheralongtoattendtheirvariousvoluntaryprojects.Byfifthgrade,she’ddevelopedsuch___22___forvolunteeringthatshestartedsettingupherownservice___23___

NEST4USinherarea.“Therewasahomelessmanholdingasignsaying‘___24___.NeedFood’,”sheremembers.“SoI___25___himmylunchandhewasextremely___26___.Itwassoeasybecauseitonlytookmethirty___27___,anditreallyhelpedhim.”Hungerisjustoneof

themany___28___realitiesofliving.Butthissmallact___29___hertofindawaytogetfoodtothepeoplein___30___.It’stooeasyforpeoplelivingonthemargins(邊緣)ofsocietytofeelliketheyareinvisible(隱形的)andnoone___31___them.Venkatknewwhattheyneededwasnot___32___food.Soshetookactionand___33___lotsofvolunteerstowrite___34___oflove,encouragementandoptimism,whicharethen___35___tothedonations.Recentlyahomelessmanhaskepteverynotehe’d___36___,saying,“Theyreallyhelpme___37___upandknowpeopleareconcernedaboutme.”Inher17yearsontheearth,Venkathasdonemoretohelpthepeoplelivingontheplanetthanmanyadultswhoaretwo,three,andfourtimesher___38___.Thenonprofitorganizationshe___39___hashelpedserveover12,000homelesspeopleby___40___foodandothersupplies.21.A.clever B.brave C.funny D.active22.A.satisfaction B.enthusiasm C.humour D.pleasure23.A.school B.factory C.organization D.store24.A.Hungry B.Angry C.Cold D.Upset25.A.bought B.gave C.awarded D.lent26.A.curious B.disappointed C.pleased D.surprised27.A.days B.seconds C.nights D.months28.A.adventurous B.dangerous C.mysterious D.serious29.A.inspired B.warned C.instructed D.permitted30.A.turn B.danger C.charge D.need31.A.peteswith B.arguesabout C.disagreeswith D.caresabout32.A.just B.still C.even D.yet33.A.employed B.adopted C.begged D.forced34.A.letters B.notes C.books D.stories35.A.applied B.related C.attached D.pared36.A.gotten B.written C.hidden D.taken37.A.pick B.cheer C.turn D.wake38.A.weight B.salary C.age D.experience39.A.discovered B.changed C.selected D.founded40.A.selling B.cooking C.providing D.enjoying【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.A25.B26.C27.B28.D29.A30.D31.D32.A33.A34.B35.C36.A37.B38.C39.D40.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一個17歲的女孩ShreyaaVenkat因從小受到父母的影響，成立了志愿者組織，而幫助了無數(shù)無家可歸的人的事跡。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她的父母也是積極的志愿者，他們帶她參加各種志愿活動。A.clever聰明的；B.brave勇敢的；C.funny有趣的；滑稽的；D.active積極的。根據(jù)后文“attendtheirvariousvoluntaryprojects.（參加他們的各種志愿活動。）”可知，她的父母在參加志愿活動方面很積極（active）。故選D項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：五年級時，她對志愿服務(wù)產(chǎn)生了極大的熱情，于是她開始在自己的地區(qū)建立自己的服務(wù)組織NEST4US。A.satisfaction滿意；B.enthusiasm熱心；熱情；C.humour幽默；D.pleasure快樂；令人高興的事。根據(jù)前文可知，父母在她很小的時候就帶她參加各種志愿活動，因此她對做志愿活動有熱情（enthusiasm），developtheenthusiasmfor…，意為“培養(yǎng)/養(yǎng)成對……的熱情”。故選B項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：五年級時，她對志愿服務(wù)產(chǎn)生了極大的熱情，于是她開始在自己的地區(qū)建立自己的服務(wù)組織NEST4US。A.school學(xué)校；B.factory工廠；C.organization組織；D.store商店。根據(jù)末尾句提及“thenonprofitorganization（非盈利組織）”可知，她成立了一個組織（organization）。故選C項?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“有一個流浪漢舉著一個寫著‘饑餓’的牌子。她回憶道。A.Hungry饑餓的；B.Angry生氣的；C.Cold寒冷的；D.Upset難過的；不安的。根據(jù)后文“NeedFood”,可知，所填空應(yīng)是饑餓的（hungry）。故選A項。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：所以我給了他我的午餐，他非常高興。A.bought買；B.gave給；C.awarded授予；判定；D.lent借給。根據(jù)句意和語境可知，根據(jù)后文“______himmylunch,”可知，Shreyaa是把自己的午餐給了這個無家可歸的人。故選B項。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“所以我給了他我的午餐，他非常高興。A.curious好奇的；B.disappointed失望的；C.pleased高興的；滿意的；D.surprised吃驚的。Shreyaa把自己的午餐給了這個無家可歸的人，這位無家可歸的人自然會很高興（pleased）。故選C項?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這很簡單，因為我只花了30秒，這真的幫助了他。A.days白天；日子；B.seconds秒；C.nights晚上；D.months月。根據(jù)句意和語境可知，由前文提及的“itwassoeasy（如此容易）”，可知把自己的午餐送給這個無家可歸的人這一舉動，Shreyaa只用了30秒的時間。故選B項?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：饑餓只是生活中許多嚴(yán)重的現(xiàn)實之一。A.adventurous冒險的；B.dangerous危險的；C.mysterious神秘的；D.serious嚴(yán)肅的；嚴(yán)重的。根據(jù)句意和語境可知，此處強調(diào)饑餓是嚴(yán)重的事實。故選D項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是這個小小舉動激發(fā)了她的靈感，讓她想辦法把食物送給需要的人。A.inspired激發(fā)；鼓舞；B.warned警告；C.instructed指導(dǎo)；通知；D.permitted允許。根據(jù)句意和語境可知，此處表達(dá)這次的小事給她以啟示，鼓勵了她。故選A項。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是這個小小的舉動激發(fā)了她的靈感，讓她想辦法把食物送給需要的人。A.turn轉(zhuǎn)彎；變化；B.danger危險；C.charge負(fù)責(zé)；掌控；D.need需要。inneed，固定搭配，意為“有需要的（人）”，在句中作后置定語。食物是送給有需要的人。故選D項。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞組辨析。句意：生活在社會邊緣的人很容易覺得自己是隱形的，沒有人關(guān)心他們。Venkat知道他們需要的不僅僅是食物。A.peteswith與……競爭；B.arguesabout議論某事；C.disagreeswith不同意；D.caresabout關(guān)心。根據(jù)后文提及“feelliketheyareinvisible（感覺他們是隱形的）”，因此，沒人關(guān)心（careabout）。故選D項?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：生活在社會邊緣的人很容易覺得自己是隱形的，沒有人關(guān)心他們。Venkat知道他們需要的不僅僅是食物。A.just剛剛；恰好；僅僅；B.still仍然；C.even甚至；D.yet還；但是；已經(jīng)。根據(jù)句意和語境可知，此處強調(diào)他們需要的不僅僅是食物。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，她采取了行動，雇傭了許多志愿者來寫愛心、鼓勵和樂觀的紙條，然后將紙條附在捐款上。A.employed雇傭；B.adopted采?。籆.begged乞求；D.forced強迫。根據(jù)句意和語境可知，她雇傭（employ）志愿者去寫下愛心便條。故選A項。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，她采取了行動，聘請了許多志愿者來寫愛心、鼓勵和樂觀的紙條，然后將紙條附在捐款上。A.letters信件；B.notes便條；C.books書籍；D.stories故事。根據(jù)后文提及“whicharethen___15___tothedonations.”是與捐贈物一起贈出的，應(yīng)是寫下便條（notes）。且與后文“kepteverynote（保存了每一張便條）”呼應(yīng)。故選B項。【35題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，她采取了行動，聘請了許多志愿者來寫愛心、鼓勵和樂觀的紙條，然后將紙條附在捐款上。A.applied申請；應(yīng)用；B.related敘述；C.attached使依附；貼上；D.pared對比。根據(jù)句意和語境可知，attachsthtosth,意為“將……貼上”，此處應(yīng)是將寫好的便條貼到捐贈物上。故選C項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：最近，一個無家可歸的人保留了他收到的每一張紙條，上面寫著:“他們真的幫助我振作起來，知道人們關(guān)心我?！盇.gotten得到；到達(dá)；B.written寫下；C.hidden隱藏；D.taken拿走。由Recentlyahomelessmanhaskepteverynote可知，無家可歸的人收到（get）了便條。才能保留收到的紙條。故選A項。【37題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：最近，一個無家可歸的人保留了他收到的每一張紙條，上面寫著:“他們真的幫助我振作起來，知道人們關(guān)心我。”A.pick挑選；采摘；拾??；B.cheer歡呼；鼓舞；C.turn轉(zhuǎn)變；轉(zhuǎn)動；轉(zhuǎn)向；D.wake叫醒；醒來。根據(jù)句意和語境可知，收到的充滿愛心的便條應(yīng)是使他振奮起來（cheerup）。故選B項?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在地球上的17年里，Venkat為幫助地球上的人們所做的比許多年齡是她2倍、3倍、4倍的成年人還要多。A.weight重量；B.salary薪水；C.age年齡；D.experience經(jīng)歷；體驗。根據(jù)“Inher17yearsontheearth（她在地球上的17年）”可知，此句強調(diào)Shreyaa的年齡小，將她與其他比她年齡大的人進(jìn)行對比。故選C項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她創(chuàng)立的非盈利組織通過提供食物和其他物資幫助了超過12000名無家可歸的人。A.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.changed改變；C.selected挑選；D.founded成立。分析可知，she___19___應(yīng)是之前名詞thenonprofitorganization的定語從句，且先行詞在從句中作賓語，成立組織（foundtheorganization）。故選D項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她創(chuàng)立的非盈利組織通過提供食物和其他物資幫助了超過12000名無家可歸的人。A.selling售賣；B.cooking做飯；烹飪；C.providing提供；D.enjoying喜歡；享受。由“hashelpedserveover12,000homelesspeople”可知，提供（provide）食物和其他供給，才能幫助超過12000名無家可歸的人。故選C項?！军c睛】完形填空題技巧復(fù)現(xiàn)原則的巧用復(fù)現(xiàn)是指所選答案在文中已經(jīng)存在，不過是在文章的其他段落或部分存在，而且是以原詞，同義詞，近義詞，同根詞等形式存在。仔細(xì)閱讀文章，在做答案判斷時瞻前顧后，有助于找到正確答案。比如文章的第3，4，11小題：3）Byfifthgrade,she’ddevelopedsuch___2___forvolunteeringthatshestartedsettingupherownservice___3___NEST4USinherarea3.A.schoolB.factoryC.organizationD.store本題的答案在文章末尾有提及原詞“Thenonprofitorganization”，屬于原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故答案為C項。4）“Therewasahomelessmanholdingasignsaying‘___4___.NeedFood’4.A.HungryB.AngryC.ColdD.Upset本題的答案在后文有提及“Hunge