小學(xué)英語(yǔ)五升六暑期講義第8講：閱讀理解專題講解（學(xué)生版）

課程主題：閱讀理解專題講解授課時(shí)間：學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：1、了解閱讀理解?？嫉膸追N類型和題型；2、掌握閱讀理解的解題方法。教學(xué)內(nèi)容【進(jìn)門(mén)測(cè)試】BenisgoingtovisithisgrandparentsinNewYorknextweek.Hewantstogivesomepresentstothem.Yesterdayhewentshoppingwithhisparents.Intheshop,heboughtabluesweaterandblacktrousersforhisgrandfatherandsomegoodbooksforhisgrandmother.Bothhisparentsthoughttheywereverygoodpresents.Benwasveryhappy.（1）WhereareBen'sgrandparents?A.

InLondon

B.

InNewYork

C.

InBeijing（2）WhatdidBendoyesterday?A.

Hevisitedhisgrandparents.B.

Hewentshoppingwithhisfriends.

C.

Hewentshoppingwithhisparents.（3）Howmanypeoplewentshoppingyesterday?A.

One

B.

Two

C.

Three（4）Hebought_____forhisgrandmother.A.

blacktrousers

B.

somebooks

C.

bluesweater（5）WhenisBengoingtovisithisgrandparents?A.

Tomorrow

B.

Nextweek

C.

Yesterday【多元導(dǎo)學(xué)】1、如何用英文表示“剪刀石頭布”？2、我們用石頭剪刀布來(lái)決定吧，如何用英文表達(dá)？【互動(dòng)精講】閱讀理解閱讀理解是英語(yǔ)中詞匯、句式、語(yǔ)法的綜合運(yùn)用，是一個(gè)比較綜合的題目，對(duì)所掌握的英語(yǔ)技能的程度要求比較高；既要重視對(duì)英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的掌握，又要養(yǎng)成閱讀的好習(xí)慣，加強(qiáng)練習(xí)。【知識(shí)梳理1】判斷題閱讀在閱讀題目的各種形式中，相對(duì)而言，判斷題的難度最較小，完成判斷題的選擇題最為有效的方法是用題目中的句子和文章里的原句對(duì)照，通過(guò)對(duì)照進(jìn)行判斷?！纠}精講】閱讀文章，對(duì)的寫(xiě)T，錯(cuò)的寫(xiě)F。A:YangLing,whatdidyoudolastSunday?

B:IvisitedLiuTao’sgrandparents.

A:Wheredotheylive?

B:TheyLiveinasmalltownnearNanjing.Theyhaveareallynicehouse.IwenttherewithSuHai,SuYang,GaoShan,LiuTaoandBen.Theywereverygladtoseeus.LiuTao’sgrandpashowedusalotofstampsfromdifferentcountries.Hisgrandmacookedusnicelunch.Welikedthefoodverymuch.

A:Whatdidyoudothere?

B:Inthemorning,wecleanedtheirhouse.Intheafternoon.Weworkedintheirgarden.SuHaiandSuYangwateredthetreesandflowers.LiuTaoandGaoShanpickedapples.BenandIplantedsometrees.Weworkedforabouttwohours.

A:Wereyoutired?

B:No!Ilikeworkinginthegarden.Wehadareallygoodtime.

A:Great!I’dliketovisitthem,too.

()1.WangBingandYangLingvisitedLiuTao’sgrandparentslastSunday.

()2.Onthefarm,YangLingplantedtrees.

()3.LiuTao’sgrandmacookedanicelunch.

()4.YangLingandSuHaiplantedflowers.

()5.Theyworkedonthefarmforabouttwohours.【鞏固練習(xí)】Wecanseewallseverywhereintheworld.ButtheGreatWallofChinaisthebiggestofall.TheChinesecallit.“TheTen-thousand-LiGreatWall.”Itisinfactmorethan6,000kilometerslong.It’s4to5meterswide.Inmostplaces,fivehorsesortenmencanwalksidebyside.WhenyouvisittheGreatWall,youcan’thelpwonderinghowtheChinesepeoplewereabletobuildsuchagreatthousandsyearsago.Withoutanymodernmachine,itwasreallyverydifficulttobuildit.Theyhadtodoalltheworkbyhand.Ittookmillionsofmenhundredsofyearstobuildit.TheGreatWallhadahistoryofovertwothousandyears.Thekingsbegantobuildthefirstpartofitabouttwothousandsevenhundredyearsago.ThenQinShihuanghadallthewallsjoinedup.Hethoughtthatcouldkeeptheenemiesoutofthecountry.TodaytheGreatWallhasbecomeaplaceofinterest.NotonlyChinesepeoplebutalsopeoplefromallovertheworldcometovisitit.()1.InmostplacesintheGreatWall,tenhorsesorfivemencanwalksidebyside.()2.TheGreatWallofChinaisthebiggestwalloftheworld.()3.IttookthousandsofmenhundredsofyearstobuildtheGreatWall.()4.TodaytheGreatWallhasbecomeaplaceofinterest.()5.Thekingsbegantobuildthefirsttwopartsofitaboutonethousandsevenhundredyearsago.【知識(shí)梳理2】選擇題閱讀閱讀理解選擇題中考查的較多，常見(jiàn)的如細(xì)節(jié)題，推測(cè)題，判斷對(duì)錯(cuò)題，主旨大意題等。在解決此類題型時(shí)，需要先快速略讀文章，然后根據(jù)題目中的關(guān)鍵詞在文中找出范圍，運(yùn)用排除法，推斷法等選出正確答案?！纠}精講】MygrandfatherneverwatchedTV.Hethoughtthatpeoplespent（花費(fèi)）toomuchtimewatchingit.Someofhisfriendsoftentalkedaboutsportsshows,thefilmsandplays.Mygrandfathersaidtohimself（自言自語(yǔ)）,"Theyneverreadanybooksorgooutintheevening".Sohedidn'tbuyaTV.

Twoyearsagomygrandfatherwas60yearsold.Hestoppedworkinginthehospital.MyfatherboughthimaTV.Hebegantowatchallthenews.Heknowsmuchmoreabouttheworldnow.Andhereadsmorebooks,too.

Now,mygrandfatherwillgetveryangry(生氣)ifyoutrouble(麻煩)himwhenheiswatchingTV.Ican'tknowthatonecanchange(改變)hisideawhenheis60.1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題目中的關(guān)鍵詞在文章中找出相應(yīng)的范圍，并對(duì)比推敲。()1.Mygrandfatherdidn'twatchTVbecause________.

A.hehadnotimetowatchit

B.hethoughtpeoplespenttoomuchtimewatchingTV

C.hecouldn'tbuytheTVset

D.hethoughtwatchingTVisbadforpeople'seyes()2.Mygrandfather______whenheworkedinthehospital.

A.wenttomountainsB.playedsports

C.readbooksD.watchedTV()3.Mygrandfatherdidn'tworkinthehospital_______.

A.afterhewas60

B.beforemyfatherboughthimaTV

C.whenmyfatheraskedhimnottowork

D.afterhelikedwatchingthenews2）數(shù)字計(jì)算題。找出文章中的數(shù)字，根據(jù)文章意思判斷。

()4.Mygrandfatheris_______now.

A.58B.60C.62D.61

3）判斷題。首先看清題意，是要求選正確的還是錯(cuò)誤的，然后使用排除法、推斷法選出正確答案。

()5.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisright?

A.Thewriterknowswhyhisgrandfatherchangedhisidea.

B.MygrandfatheroftenwatchesTVnow.

C.MygrandfatherboughtaTVattheageof60.

D.ThewriterandhisgrandfatherlikewatchingTV.4）主旨題。了解文章大意后，選出最合適的答案，有可能四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是對(duì)的，但一定是要最符合題目的。()6.What’sthemain(主要的)ideaofthispassage?A.Mygrandfatherdidn’tlikewatchingTVbefore.B.Mygrandfatherlikesreadingbooks.C.Mygrandfatherdidn’tlikewatchingTVbefore,buthelikeswatchingTVverymuchnow.D.Weshouldn’ttroublehimwhenhewaswatchingTV.【鞏固練習(xí)】HelenKellerlivedintheUSA.Shewasagreatwoman.WhenHelenwasababy,shegotveryill.Aftermanyweeks,thedoctorsaid,"Sheisbetter,butnowshecan'tseeandshecan'thear.”Hermotherandfatherwereverysad.Afewyearslater,thingsgotworse.TherewasnowayforHelentospeaktootherpeople.Sheheardnothing.Shesawnothing.Shedidn'tunderstandanything.ThenonedayateachercametolivewithHelenandherfamily.TheteacherhelpedHelenlearnaboutwords.Helenwasaveryclevergirlandsoonshelearnedtospellherfirstword.Whenshewasolder,shewenttocollege.Helentraveledaroundtheworldandhelpedmanyblindanddeafpeople.Shebecamefamousallovertheworld.Helenwasaveryoldwomanwhenshedied.Theworldremembershertodayasabraveandwonderfulperson.Shewasblindanddeaf,butshefoundawaytoseeandhear.()1.HelenKellergotveryillwhen________.A.shewenttocollegeB.shewasababyC.herteachercametohomeD.shewasveryold()2.Helendidn'tunderstandanythingbecause________.shewasillsheheardnothingandsawnothing shewasababyshecouldn'tspeaktootherpeople()3.________taughtHelenKellerherfirstword.A.HerteacherB.HermotherC.HerfatherD.Thedoctor()4.Helenliveda________參考上面的方法哦！A.longB.painfulC.shortD.poor參考上面的方法哦！()5.HelenKellerwasfamousbecause________.shewasanAmericanshetraveledaroundtheworldherteachertaughthermanythingsshelearnedtoreadandwriteandhelpedmanypeopleintheworld()6.TheworldremembersHelenKellertodaybecause________.shewasabraveandwonderfulpersonshewasblindanddeafshewasveryclevershewenttocollege()7.HelenKellerwasblindanddeaf,but________.shefoundawaytotravelaroundtheworldhermotherandfatherdidn'tfeelsadshefoundawaytounderstandtheworldshefoundouthowpeoplebecameblindanddeaf【知識(shí)梳理3】回答問(wèn)題型閱讀理解閱讀理解中回答問(wèn)題的題型中，要注意提問(wèn)和回答的是什么內(nèi)容，單詞的拼寫(xiě)，時(shí)態(tài)，人稱的轉(zhuǎn)換等?！纠}精講】TheWhitesalwaysgetupearlyeveryday.Inthemorningfatheralwaysgoestowork.SandyandSuealwaysgotoschool.Motherusuallystaysathome.Atnoon,SandyandSuealwayshavelunchatschool.Intheafternoon,SandyandSuecomefromschool.Theyusuallyarrive(到達(dá))homeearly.Intheevening,SandyandSuealwaysdotheirhomework.Atnight,theygotobedearly,butit'sdifficult(困難的)forthemtofallasleep（入睡）.回答下列問(wèn)題：

1.--HowmanypeoplearethereinMr.White'sfamily?--Thereare______.

2.--Whogetsupearly?--The__________________________.

3.--Doesthemotherworkinafactory?--________________.

4.--DoSandyandSuefallasleepearly?--________________________________.【鞏固練習(xí)】ThesunandthewindLonglongago,thewindandthesunhadaquarrel(爭(zhēng)吵).Thewindsaidhewasstrongerthanthesunandthesunsaidhewasstrongerthanthewind.Soonamancamealongtheroad."Seethatman,Icanmakethemantakeoffhiscoat."saidthewind.Butthesunsaid"No,youcan't,butlasttheybothsaid,"Let'stry."Thewindsaidhewouldtryfirst.Heblewandblew.Theweatherbecamecold.Themansaid,"Itisverycold."Sohedidn'ttakeoffhiscoat.Atlastthewindwastriedandhesaid:"Ican'tmakethemantakeoffhiscoat".Thenthesuntried.Heshonehotterandhotter."Itiswarmnow",saidtheman,"Imusttakeoffmycoat."Thenhetakesoffhiscoat."See!I'mstrongerthanyou."saidthesuntothewind.1.Whohadaquarreloneday?_____________________________________________________________________2.Didthewindthinkhewasstrongerthanthesun?_____________________________________________________________________3.Didtheweatherbecamecolderwhenthewindblewandblew?_____________________________________________________________________4.Whatdidthesundototheman?_____________________________________________________________________5.Whocouldmakethemantakeoffhiscoat,thewindorthesun?_____________________________________________________________________【知識(shí)梳理4】閱讀理解解題方法閱讀理解是英語(yǔ)中必考的題型，包括判斷對(duì)錯(cuò)、選擇、回答問(wèn)題等題型，需要在理解文章的基礎(chǔ)上運(yùn)用解題方法判斷出正確答案。a.先瀏覽全文，了解文章大意。b.找出題目中的關(guān)鍵詞，根據(jù)題目中的關(guān)鍵詞在文中找出范圍，并劃出來(lái)。c.若是判斷題，將句子與原文進(jìn)行對(duì)比，然后做出判斷。d.若是細(xì)節(jié)題，在原文中找出要填的時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，原因等，再填寫(xiě)答案。e.若是主旨題，則選用排除法和推斷法，找出最合適的答案。做閱讀理解題時(shí)要注意解題習(xí)慣的養(yǎng)成，要求注意細(xì)節(jié)，所以解題時(shí)一定要在文章中畫(huà)出范圍?！菊n堂檢測(cè)】一、閱讀短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇正確的答案.AAmanwaswalkingthrough(穿過(guò))aforest.Hehadafewcapsinhishands.Intheforesttherewerealotofmonkeys.Thedaywashot,sohedecidedtohavearestunderatree.Heputonecaponhisheadandlaydowntosleep(躺下睡覺(jué)).Whenhewokeup,hecouldn’tfindhiscaps.“Wherearemycaps?”hecriedandlookedup.Hesawsomemonkeysinthetrees.Eachhadacaponitshead.“Givemebackmycaps!”shouted(叫喊)themantothemonkeys.Butthemonkeysdidn’tunderstand(理解)him.Theyonlyjumped,laughedanddanced.“HowcanIgetbackmycaps?”hethoughthard.Intheendhehadanidea.Hetookoffhiscapandthrew(扔)itontheground.Thelittleanimalsdidthesamething.Happilythemanpickedupallthecapsandwentonhisway.()1.Onedayamanwasgoing__________.A.totheforestB.throughtheforestC.toavillageD.throughthecity()2.Themandecidedtohavearestbecause_________.A.hewashungryB.hewastiredC.thedaywashotD.hewasill()3.Whenthemanwokeup____________.A.hefoundhiscapsweregoneB.hesawafoxC.hehadafeverD.hefoundmanymonkeys()4.Themanwantedtogethiscapsback,andheshoutedtothemonkeys,butitdidn’twork.Why?Becausethemonkeyswantedtolaughathim.Becausethemonkeyswantedtowearthecaps.Becausethemonkeysdidn’tunderstandhim.Becausethemonkeysdidn’thearwhatheshouted.()5.Themanwas______whenhegotallhiscapsback.angry（生氣的）B.surprised（驚奇的）C.sad（悲傷的）D.pleased（高興的）B讀Mike的日記，選擇正確答案。LastSundaywasafunnyday.LiuTaocametomyhomeinthemorning.WestudiedEnglishtogether.WereadsomefunnyEnglishstories.Ataboutteno’clock,wewenttoChennanParkonfoot.Andwefishedthere.Itwasveryinteresting.Wecookedlunchatabout12o’clockanditwasverynice.Thenwecleanedthekitchen.WewatchedTVafterlunch.Atabout4o’clockintheafternoon,weplayedpingpong.()1.MikewatchedTV________________.A.inthemorningB.intheafternoonC.intheevening()2.MikeandLiuTaowentfishing__________.A.athomeB.inChennanParkC.atschool()3.Theywenttothepark_____________.A.onfootB.bybusC.bybike()4.Thisafternoontheyalso______________.A.playedfootball.B.playedbasketball.C.playedtabletennis.()5.Whocookedlunch?____________.A.Mike.B.MikeandLiuTao.C.Mike’smother.CMrBlackworksonafarm.Heandhiswifegrowalotofplantsandtheyhavesomecows.Everydaytheyworkhardfrommorningtonight.Oneday,MrBlacksaystohiswife,“Let’sgotoPortsmouthnextSunday.Wecanhaveagoodlunchthereandthenwecangotothecinema.”Hiswifeisveryhappywhenshehearsthis,becausetheyalwayseatalot,andshedoesn’tlikecookingthreetimesaday.TheygotoPortsmouthbytrainandwalkaboutforanhour(小時(shí)).At12o’clock,theywanttohavelunch.Infrontofonerestaurant(飯店),theyseeanotice.Itsays,“Lunch:12:30to2:301.5pounds.”“Well,that’sgood.”MrsBlacksays,“Wecaneatfortwohoursfor1.5poundshere!Thisistheplaceforus.”()1.Therearealotof_____ontheirfarm.A.plantsB.dogsC.cowsD.BothAandC()2._____usuallydoesthecookingathome.A.MrBlackB.MrsBlackC.NeitherAandBD.BothAandB()3.MrBlackandMrsBlackwalkaboutinPortsmouthfor_____.A.twohoursB.threehoursC.onehourD.fourhours()4.At_____o’clock,theywanttohavelunch.A.twoB.twelveC.twentyD.one()5.Portsmouthisthenameofa_____.A.placeB.dogsC.manD.restaurant【要點(diǎn)回顧】（以學(xué)生自我總結(jié)為主，TR引導(dǎo)為輔，為本次課做一個(gè)總結(jié)回顧）引導(dǎo)學(xué)生閱讀理解的技巧【溫故知新】閱讀短文,判斷下列句子是否與短文內(nèi)容相符,用T,F來(lái)表示.(一)ManyChinesepeoplehaveagoodtimeduringtheChineseNewYear.ItusuallycomesinFebruary.Eachyeargetsaname.ItmaybecalledtheyearoftheDogortheyearoftheMonkeyinsteadof(代替)1970a