干燥術(shù)語(英文)(國外英文資料)

干燥術(shù)語（DryingTerminology）

AbsoluteHumidity:Theamountofwatervaporpresentinaunitvolumeofair,measuredingramspercubicmeter(g/m3).Absolutehumiditydirectlyrelatestothemoisturecontentintheair.

Adsorption:Theprocesswhichmoleculesofasubstanceadheretothesurfaceofanothersubstance.Indryingapplications,adsorptionreferstothewatervapormoleculesstickingtothesurfaceofasolidmaterial.

EquilibriumMoistureContent(EMC):Thepointatwhichthemoisturecontentofamaterialisinbalancewiththesurroundingenvironment,withnonetgainorlossofmoisture.

FlashDrying:Ahightemperaturedryingprocesswhereamaterialisexposedtoashortdurationofintenseheat,causingthemoisturetoevaporaterapidly.

Humidity:Ageneraltermreferringtotheamountofwatervaporpresentintheair.Humiditycanbeexpressedasabsolutehumidity,relativehumidity,orspecifichumidity.

Hygroscopic:Thepropertyofasubstancetoattractandholdwatermoleculesfromthesurroundingenvironment.Hygroscopicmaterialscanabsorbmoisture,whichcanaffectdryingprocesses.

MoistureContent:Theamountofwaterpresentinamaterial,usuallyexpressedasapercentageofthematerial'sdryweight.

RelativeHumidity:Theratioofthecurrentabsolutehumiditytothemaximumpossibleabsolutehumidityatagiventemperature,expressedasapercentage.Relativehumidityaffectstherateofdryingandthefinalmoisturecontentofamaterial.

SpecificHumidity:Theratioofthemassofwatervaportothetotalmassoftheairvapormixture,typicallyexpressedingramsofwatervaporperkilogramofdryair.

DryingTerminology(Continued)

AdsorptionIsotherm:Acurvethatrepresentstherelationshipbetweentheamountofmoistureadsorbedamaterialandtherelativehumidityofthesurroundingairataconstanttemperature.Thiscurvehelpsinunderstandingthemoistureadsorptionbehaviorofdifferentmaterials.

CriticalMoistureContent:Themoisturelevelbelowwhichamaterialisconsidereddryenoughtopreventdegradationorspoilage.Thisisanimportantthresholdindryingprocessestoensureproductquality.

DryingCurve:Agraphicalrepresentationofthemoisturecontentofamaterialovertimeduringthedryingprocess.Thedryingcurvehelpsinanalyzingthedryingkineticsandoptimizingthedryingparameters.

HeatofVaporization:Theamountofheatenergyrequiredtoconvertaunitmassofaliquidintovaporwithoutchangingitstemperature.Thisvalueisessentialforcalculatingtheenergyrequirementsfordryingprocesses.

Microclimate:Asmallscaleclimatethatdiffersfromthesurroundingarea.Indrying,microclimatescandevelopwithinthematerialbeingdried,affectingthedryingrateanduniformity.

Migration:Themovementofmoisturewithinamaterialduringthedryingprocess.Moisturemigrationcanleadtononuniformdryingandpotentialqualityissues.

Shrinkage:Thereductioninsizeorvolumeofamaterialasitlosesmoistureduringdrying.Understandingandcontrollingshrinkageisimportanttomaintaintheintegrityofthedriedproduct.

ThermalDeathTime:Theminimumtimerequiredtoexposeamaterialtoaspecifictemperaturetokillallmicroorganisms.Thisisparticularlyrelevantinthedryingoffoodandpharmaceuticalproductsforsafetypurposes.

Throughput:Theamountofmaterialthatcanbeprocessedadryingsysteminagiventime.Throughputisameasureofthedryingsystem'sefficiencyandcapacity.

VacuumDrying:Adryingmethodthatusesavacuumtolowertheboilingpointofwater,allowingfordryingatlowertemperatures.Thisisbeneficialforheatsensitivematerialsthatcouldbedamagedhightemperatures.

DryingTerminology(FinalAdditions)

WetBulbTemperature:Thetemperaturerecordedathermometerwhosebulbiswrappedinawatersaturatedwickandexposedtoair.Itisusedtodeterminetherelativehumidityandisakeyparameterinunderstandingthepotentialforevaporativecoolingindryingsystems.

ConvectionDrying:Adryingmethodwhereheatistransferredtothematerialthroughthemovementofairoranotherfluid.Thistypeofdryingiseffectiveformaterialsthatarenotsensitivetoaircurrentsandcanhandlehighertemperatures.

DielectricDrying:Alsoknownasradiofrequencyormicrowavedrying,thismethoduseselectromagneticwavestogenerateheatwithinthematerial,causingmoisturetoevaporate.Itisarapidandefficientmethod,particularlyformaterialswithahighdielectricconstant.

GrainDrying:Theprocessofreducingthemoisturecontentofgrainstoalevelsuitableforstorageandprocessing.Graindryingiscriticaltopreventspoilageandtoensurequality.

MolecularSieves:Porousmaterialswithverysmalluniformopeningsthatcanadsorbmoleculesbasedontheirsize.Theyareusedindryingtoremovewaterandothercontaminantsfromgasesandliquids.

PorousMediaDrying:Adryingtechniquewherethematerialtobedriedisplacedincontactwithaporousmediumthroughwhichhotairflows.Thismethodisoftenusedfordelicatematerialsthatrequiregentlehandling.

RapidDrying:Adryingprocessthatisdesignedtoquicklyreducethemoisturecontentofamaterialtoaspecifiedlevel.Rapiddryingisusedtominimizeproductdegradationandtoincreaseproductionrates.

RefrigeratedDrying:Amethodthatcoolstheairb