河南省頂級(jí)名校2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期12月摸底考試英語含答案解析

2022-2023學(xué)年度12月摸底考試高三英語考試時(shí)間：100分鐘一、閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容從下列每題四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳的答案。（每小題2分，共30分）AFootball:DesigningtheBeautifulGameWhetheryouareacrazyfanorsidelinesupporter,visitorstothisexhibitionwillenjoydiscoveringtheremarkabledesignstoriesbehindtheworld’sbeautifulgame.WhattoexpectTheexhibitionexploresthestorybehindfootball,showinghowdesignhasbeenusedtopushthegametonewlimits.Takeajourneythroughover500objects,filmsandinterviewsinsportingperformance,equipmentdevelopmentandstadiumdesign,andinvolveyourselfinthestoriesofclubsandgamelegends(傳奇人物)includingMessi,Pelé,GeorgeBestandDiegoMaradona.HeldbytheDesignMuseumandtheNationalFootballMuseuminManchester,theshowrevealsthemasterplanningoftheworld’smostsignificantfootballstadiums,thedesigninnovationusedintoday’sequipment,howthegraphicdesignofteambadges(徽章)andpostersshapesaclub’sidentityandhowgrassroots’effortsarepushingthesport’scommercialization.Ticketinformation※Onlinebookingisadvisedbutticketswillalsobeavailableinthebookingoffice.Lastentrytotheexhibitionis90minutesbeforethemuseumcloses.※Adultticketsarechargedfrom￡16andstudentticketsfrom￡12.Meanwhile,youcansave25%onfamilyandgrouptickets.※Presentyourexhibitionentryticketfor10%offfoodanddrinkatLondonGradeCoffeeonthegroundfloor.21．Whatcanvisitorsdoattheexhibition?A．Designateambadge. B．Interviewmasterdesigners.C．Putonfootballequipment. D．Learnaboutfamousfootballplayers.22．Howmuchshouldacouplewiththeir11-year-oldsonpayatleastforadmission?A．￡33. B．￡36. C．￡44. D．￡48.23．Whatwillvisitorsenjoywiththeticket?A．Aspecialdiscountongoodsatacafe. B．Aphotoofasignificantfootballstadium.C．AfreevisittotheNationalFootballMuseum. D．Aninvitationtoaclub’ssportingperformance.BDianeYanealwayshadacloserelationshipwithhergrandfather,sowhenhediedinhertwenties,thelosshitherhard.Shortlyafterthat,Yaneleftherjobtoworkwithseniors.“Iwashiredasanactivitiesdirectorataseniorlivingcenter,andItooktoitlikeafishtowater,”sherecalls.“Istarteddevelopingrelationshipswiththeseniorsthere.Itwaslikehaving200newgrandparents.”Yanehasbeeninteractingwithseniorseversince,fromworkingatacarecentertoprovidingin-homecareforprivateclients.Now,twodecadeslater,shehasopenedasocialclubforadultswhoare55andolder-ElderPepDayClub&Spa(水療中心),“Iwantedtocreateaspaceforseniorsinterestedinmeetingotherpeople,stayingactiveandtakingclasses,”Yanesays.Memberscomeinfordifferentactivities,includingchairyoga,Spanishclasses,indoorbowling,cardandboardgames,creativewriting,andmore,andspatreatmentsorjusttohangout.Laterthisyear,Yaneplanstoopenthesecondhalfofthespaceasaprivatespa.Inheryearsofprofessionalexperiencewitholderadults,Yanehasseentheextraordinarybenefitsofsocialinteractionandhumantouch.AccordingtoastudybytheAmericanCollegeofHealthCareAdministrators,touchisthemostimportantofoursenses,yetitisoftenoverlooked.“Skinisthebody’slargestorganandsendspositiveandnegativesignalstothebrain.Touchdeprivation（匱乏）,alsoknownastouchstarvation,leadstoarangeofemotionalandphysicalproblems,”itadds.“Iknowhowimportantitisforseniorstofeelcaredforgettingtheirhairandnailsdoneandreceivingmassagetherapy(按摩療法),”Yanesays,“butwhat’sreallyclosetomyheartisaprivateroomwithawalk-inbathtub.Atassistedlivingfacilities,manyseniorsonlyhaveaccesstoashower,wheretheysitonabenchandtheircaregiverspraysthemwithwater.There’snotalotofdignityorjoyinthat.Iwanttogiveseniorsbacktheluxuryofsubmerging(使浸沒)theirbodiesinawarmbath.”24．WhatcanwelearnaboutDianeYanefromthefirstparagraph?A．Shewantedtobefreelikefish. B．Shelikedworkingwithseniors.C．Shewasbadatcaringforpeople. D．Shefollowedhergrandfather’sfootsteps.25．WhatcanseniorsdoatDianeYane’sclub?A．Avoidanysocialinteraction. B．Getfreemedicaltreatment.C．Enjoysomeleisureactivities. D．Studywithyoungmembers.26．Whyisastudymentionedinparagraph4?A．Toprovetheimportanceofsocialinteraction.B．Toshowthenecessityofsocialclubsforseniors．C.Totelltheworkingprincipleofthehumanbody.D.ToofferscientificsupportforYane’sprivatespa.27．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Walkingintoaprivatebathtub. B．Takinganassistedshower.C．Sprayingwaterforpleasure. D．Receivingmassagetherapy.CThissummerwewitnessedinterviewteamsattheNorthPolewearingshortsleeveshirtsduetothewarmweather.AstudypublishedonAug29revealedmoreconcerningissuesinthesupposedlycoldestareaoftheworld.ZombieicefromamassiveGreenlandicesheetwasconfirmedtobemelting,whichwouldeventuallyraiseglobalsealevelsbyatleast10inches(27centimeters)onitsown,reportedAssociatedPress(AP).Zombieiceisthekindoficethatisstillattachedtothickerareasofice,butisnolongergettingfedbylargerglaciers.Sinceglaciersaregettinglesssnowtocomplementtheamountoficemelted,oncethezombieiceismelted,itcannotbere-formed.Scientistsdecidedtolookatthebalanceoftheice.Inperfectequilibrium(平衡),snowinthemountainsofGreenlandflowsdownandthickensthesidesofglaciers,balancingoutwhat’smoltingontheedges,accordingtoAP.Butinthelastfewdecades,thereislessrefillandmoremelting,creatinganimbalance.Studyco-authorWilliamColganattheGeologicalSurveyofDenmarkandGreenlandtoldAPthat3.3percentofGreenland’stotalicevolumewillmelteventually.“Starvingwouldbeagoodphraseforwhat’shappeningtotheice,”Colganadded.Withagreatnumberofnaturalresourcesburiedundertheearth,areasofmeltedicerevealedtreasuresthatattractedtheworld’srichestmen.AccordingtoCNN,inearlyAugust,therewasa“treasurehunt”inGreenland.Billionaires,includingBillGatesandothers,financiallybackedKoBoldMetals,aUS-basedmineralexplorationcompany,toexploretheraremetalsundertheglaciersinGreenland.ThecompanytoldCNNthatsincetherewereenoughmineralstopowerhundredsofmillionsofelectricvehiclesthecriticalresourceiscapableofpoweringthegreenenergytransition.Whileinvestorsaretakingadvantageofglobalwarming,expertsexpresstheirconcernsthatthemineralexplorationislikelytoworsenthelocalenvironment,draininguptheworld’sresourcesatafasterrate.28．Whatdoweknowaboutzombieice?A．Itwillmeltawayfromtheicesheet. B．It’sindependentfromlargeglaciers.C．Ithasincreasedsealevelsbyupto10inches.D．It’scomplementedbynearbynaturalresources.29．WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A．Whatlargerglaciersexactlyare.B．Whymeltedzombiececan’tbere-formed.C．Whatthemelitingofzombieicecanleadto.D．Howzombieicefunctionsintheecosystem.30．What’stheexperts’attitudetowardthe“treasurehunt”inGreenland?A．Supportive. B．Tolerant. C．Worried. D．Indifferent.31．What’sthemainpurposeofthearticle?A．Tocommentonthe“treasurehunt”. B．Toreportonthemeltingzombieice.C．Toshowthegreenenergytransition. D．Tointroducethemineralexploration.DPeoplewhofrequentlyeatfruitaremorelikelytoreportgreaterpositivementalwellbeingandarelesslikelytoreportsymptomsofdepressionthanthosewhodonot,accordingtonewresearchfromtheCollegeofHealthandLifeSciences,AstonUniversity.Theteamalsofoundthatpeoplewhoeatsavoury(咸味的)snackssuchascrisps(薯片),whicharelowinnutrients,aremorelikelytoreportgreaterlevelsofanxiety.PublishedintheBritishJournalofNutrition,thestudysurveyed428adultsfromacrosstheUKandlookedattherelationshipbetweentheirconsumptionoffruit,vegetables,sweetandsavourysnacks,andtheirpsychologicalhealth.Theresearchfoundthatbothnutrient-richfruitandnutrient-poorsavourysnacksappearedtobelinkedtopsychologicalhealth.Theyalsofoundthattherewasnodirectassociationbetweeneatingvegetablesandpsychologicalhealth.Basedonthesurvey,themoreoftenpeopleatefruit,thelowertheyscoredfordepressionandthehigherformentalwellbeing,independentoftheoverallquantityoffruitintake.Bycontrast,therewasnolinkbetweentheseeverydaymemorylapses(差錯(cuò))andfruitandvegetablesintakeorsweetsnacks,suggestingauniquerelationshipbetweenthesenutrient-poorsavourysnacks,everydaymentallapses,andpsychologicalhealth.Leadauthor,PhDstudentNicola-JayneTuckcommented,“Verylittleisknownabouthowdietmayaffectmentalhealthandwellbeing,andwhilewedidnotdirectlyexaminecausalityhere,ourfindingscouldsuggestthatfrequentlysnackingonnutrient-poorsavouryfoodsmayincreaseeverydaymentallapses,whichinturnreducespsychologicalhealth.”“Itispossiblethatchangingwhatwesnackoncouldbeareallysimplewaytoimproveourmentalwellbeing.Conversely,itisalsopossiblethattheforthcomingrestrictionofprocessedsnacksatcheckouts,duetocomeinthisOctober,couldnotonlyimprovethecountry’sphysicalhealth,butmentalhealthtoo.”“Overall,it’sdefinitelyworthtryingtogetintothehabitofreachingforthefruitbowl.”32．Whichmayleadtogreaterlevelofanxiety?A．Savourysnacks B．Fruit C．Vegetables D．Grain33．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A．Richfruitappearsnottobelinkedtopsychologicalhealth.B．Themorefruitpeopleeat,thelowertheyscorefordepression.C．Thereisarelationbetweenthenutrient-poorsnacksandmentalhealth.D．Thereisadirectlinkbetweeneatingvegetablesandpsychologicalhealth.34．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“causality”inparagraph3referto?A．Therelationbetweenfruitandvegetables.B．Therelationbetweenexerciseandhealth.C．Therelationbetweensnacksandmentalhealth.D．Therelationbetweendietandmentalhealthandwellbeing35．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．Eatinghabitscanpreventdisease.B．Eatingunhealthysnacksoftenisharmfultohealth.C．Eatingvegetablesoftencanimprovementalhealth.D．Eatingfruitoftenmaycontributetomentalhealth.第二節(jié)（共5題，每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。What’stheeasiestwaytostaywarminthesupercold?36.Atleastthat’swhatChristmasFathertoldme.DuringChristmas,DennisandIwenttoFinland.Webroughtbacksometipsforkeepingwarminacoldtemperature.1.Threelayers(層)workwonders.Startwiththebaselayer,whichsitsrightonyourskin:choosesomethingthatcanabsorbsweat.37.Asweaterisagoodchoice.Themostimportantlayeristheouterclothes,whichshouldbewaterproof(防水的)andwindproof.2.38Youloseheatfromeverymillimeterofuncoveredskin,whichwasthebiggestlessonIlearnedonthistrip.Mywholebodywaswellcovered.ButImissedonespot:myface.Soitoftenfeltlikethewindwasgoingtoblowmynoseoff.3.Exercise,don’tjuststandstill.Whenit’scold,exercisingmaybethelastthingyoufeellikedoing,butbesmart.39,andyouwillfeelthedifference.WhenwefirstgottoFinland,wewerefreezing.Butafteracoupleofminutesjumpingaround,wefeltlesscold.4.Ifyouhaveaheater…Youmaywanttoturnitallthewayup,butit’sbesttokeepitatbetween18and20degrees.40,butnotcreateahugedifferencebetweeninsideandoutside.A．GrowacrazybeardB．ThekeyiswhatyourlayerisC．CovereverybitofyourskinD．ThatwillkeepyoucomfortableE．Takeawalk,fasterthanyournormalspeedF．Don’tforgettokeepyourhandsandfeetwarm,tooG．Themiddlelayerkeepsyourbodyheatfromgettingaway第二部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng).Ifthelawpunishedaddiction,wewouldallbeinprisonbecauseweareaddictedtoourphones.We’rehopelessly41bythem,helplesslydevotedtothem.Ourhandsandmindsare42:texting,tweeting,liking,emailing,sharing.Wefindourselves43stimulated.MyiPhoneisthelastthingIlookatwhenIgotobedandthefirstthingIlookatwhenI44.Whenit’snotthereIfeelits45likeanamputee(被截肢者)stillfeelinga(n)46leg.Itismyentrytocultureandfun.Iloveit.Youloveyours.Butthecommentonthisenormous47inourbehaviorhasbeencompletely48.Thecentralclaimisthattechnologymakesus49whatwealreadyknowaboutlife,andit50usdevelopingfullyindependentselves.Andthequalityofhumanrelationshipsissaidtohave_51.Parentsaredistractedbyworkemailsatthedinnertableandintheplayground;childrencryfor52untiltheyfinallygetaniPadforChristmas.Gatheringsofoldfriendscan’tdoacoupleofhours53checkingtheirGmailevery10minutes.Technologysucksthelifeoutofus,andtakesoursoulsin54fortheconvenienceofnothavingtolearnhowtoreadmapsproperly.Isimplydonot55theideathatwearen’tfullywholeduetoourphones,justbecausewecantalktoourfriendswheneverwewant,withoutany56forthelimitationsthatspaceand57_usedtosetonus.Thishelpsustoget58.Itdoesn’tsetusapart.Wewillphotograph.Wewilledit.Wewill59_,like,loveandenvy.60,inourownstrangeway,we’llcontrolourheavilydoctored(改變的)lives.Ourphonesarethebarsofourgorgeouscage.41．A．surprised B．distracted C．frightened D．punished42．A．lost B．vacant C．occupied D．a(chǎn)wkward43．A．commonly B．constantly C．usually D．ordinarily44．A．gethome B．havedinner C．wakeup D．goout45．A．reference B．confidence C．a(chǎn)bsence D．a(chǎn)ppearance46．A．healthy B．remaining C．a(chǎn)rtificial D．missing47．A．consequence B．interest C．challenge D．shift48．A．changeable B．negative C．consistent D．inspiring49．A．rebuild B．review C．forgive D．forget50．A．prevents B．keeps C．suggests D．finds51．A．benefited B．balanced C．suffered D．improved52．A．happiness B．discipline C．a(chǎn)ttention D．freedom53．A．a(chǎn)fter B．upon C．by D．without54．A．request B．exchange C．preparation D．search55．A．buy B．know C．have D．refuse56．A．a(chǎn)nxiety B．consideration C．demand D．eagerness57．A．chance B．time C．energy D．effort58．A．stronger B．smarter C．greater D．closer59．A．publish B．ignore C．share D．delete60．A．Ultimately B．However C．Moreover D．Specifically第二節(jié)（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AchoirmadeofTsinghuaalumni(校友會(huì)),whograduatedfromtheuniversityin611950sand1960s,hasgainedmuchattentiononChinesesocialmediaaftera62(perform)inthe2021SpringFestivalWebGala.Theperformers,mostlyintheir70sor80s,sangthesongJuvenileinajoyfultone,63(move)manytotears.Amongthescholarswhohavedevotedalltheirlives64thedevelopmentofChina65(be)LiuXila,professoratShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity,ChengBushi,designerofChina’sfirsthome-developedcommercialairliner,andZhangLixing,ageneral66workedattheremotenucleartestsiteinXinjiangfordecades.ProfessorLiuXilaandProfessorChenChen67(meet)throughmusic.In1962,whenLiuwaspreparingforasoloconcertasfirstviolinistoftheorchestra,Chenwasinvitedtobehisaccompanist.Aftergraduation,thecouplejoinedtheThirdFrontMovement68(develop)mid-westernChina,andwereassignedtodifferentplacesinSichuanprovince.Whilemusicwastheirpassion,theywerebothengineersbyprofessionwho69(involve)indevelopingthecountry.Thisisnotjustthelovestoryofapianistandviolinist,70thelovestoryoftwoengineersbuildingtheirnation.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Therearetoomanyclassicliteraryworksweshouldreadthatit’shardtoknowwheretostart.Watchthemovieversioniscertainlyonewaytogetfamiliarlywithabook.Beside,themovieversionusuallygivesyoumostoftheimportantplotsandcharactersinformations.Itmayalsohelpsyoudecideifthebookisworthreadingit.Readingtheoriginalbooksiscompletelydifferent.Withfarmorecharactersandplotdetails,itallowsyouappreciatethebeautyofthelanguageinthebook.Asforwhichisbetter,itdependsonthatyouneed.Ifyoujustwanttogetthestory,watchthemovieversion;forthemorecompleteexperience,thebookversionisdefinitelybetter.第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）假如你是李華，你的美國(guó)朋友George發(fā)來郵件，想了解你未來想做什么職業(yè)。請(qǐng)你給他回復(fù)郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.你未來想從事的職業(yè)2.你選擇該職業(yè)的原因3.….___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案一、閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）【答案】21．D

22．A

23．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了英國(guó)倫敦設(shè)計(jì)博物館和國(guó)家足球博物館舉辦的一場(chǎng)展出---“足球：設(shè)計(jì)美麗的運(yùn)動(dòng)”。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whattoexpect”部分中的“Takeajourneythroughover500objects,filmsandinterviewsinsportingperformance,equipmentdevelopmentandstadiumdesign,andinvolveyourselfinthestoriesofclubsandgamelegendsincludingMessi,Pelé,GeorgeBestandDiegoMaradona.(通過500多件物品、電影和體育表演、設(shè)備開發(fā)和體育場(chǎng)設(shè)計(jì)的采訪，讓自己沉浸在俱樂部和比賽傳奇?zhèn)髌嫒宋锏墓适轮?，包括梅西、貝利、喬治·貝斯特和迭戈·馬拉多納。)”可知，參觀者在展覽會(huì)上可以了解到包括梅西、貝利、喬治·貝斯特和迭戈·馬拉多納在內(nèi)的足壇人物的故事。故選D項(xiàng)。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ticketinformation”部分中的“Adultticketsarechargedfrom￡16andstudentticketsfrom￡12.Meanwhile,youcansave25%onfamilyandgrouptickets.(成人票16英鎊起，學(xué)生票12英鎊起。同時(shí)，你可以節(jié)省25%的家庭和團(tuán)體票。)”可知，家庭團(tuán)體票可以享受七五折優(yōu)惠。因此一對(duì)夫妻（2名成年人）和一名11歲兒子（1名學(xué)生）至少應(yīng)支付的費(fèi)用為(16×2+12)×0.75=33(英鎊)。故選A項(xiàng)。23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ticketinformation”部分中的“Presentyourexhibitionentryticketfor10%offfoodanddrinkatLondonGradeCoffeeonthegroundfloor.(出示參展門票，可在一樓的倫敦高級(jí)咖啡享受9折餐飲優(yōu)惠)”可知，參觀者在一樓咖啡廳購(gòu)買食物和飲料時(shí)憑門票可享受折扣優(yōu)惠。故選A項(xiàng)。B【答案】24．B

25．C

26．D

27．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了DianeYane建立服務(wù)老年人的社交俱樂部的故事。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句話““Iwashiredasanactivitiesdirectorataseniorlivingcenter,andItooktoitlikeafishtowater,”sherecalls.(她回憶道：“我被聘為一家老年生活中心的活動(dòng)主管，我對(duì)此如魚得水。”)”可知，DianeYane很喜歡和老年人打交道的工作。故選B。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句話“Memberscomeinfordifferentactivities,includingchairyoga,Spanishclasses,indoorbowling,cardandboardgames,creativewriting,andmore,andspatreatmentsorjusttohangout.(會(huì)員們參加不同的活動(dòng)，包括椅子瑜伽、西班牙語課、室內(nèi)保齡球、紙牌和棋牌游戲、創(chuàng)意寫作等，以及水療護(hù)理或只是閑逛)”可知，老年人在DianeYane的俱樂部可以享受一些休閑活動(dòng)。故選C。26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段二、三、四句話“AccordingtoastudybytheAmericanCollegeofHealthCareAdministrators,touchisthemostimportantofoursenses,yetitisoftenoverlooked.“Skinisthebody’slargestorganandsendspositiveandnegativesignalstothebrain.Touchdeprivation,alsoknownastouchstarvation,leadstoarangeofemotionalandphysicalproblems,”itadds.(根據(jù)美國(guó)衛(wèi)生保健管理學(xué)院的一項(xiàng)研究，觸摸是我們感官中最重要的，但它常常被忽視?！捌つw是人體最大的器官，并向大腦發(fā)送積極和消極的信號(hào)。觸摸剝奪，也稱為觸摸饑餓，會(huì)導(dǎo)致一系列的情緒和身體問題，”報(bào)告補(bǔ)充道)”以及最后一段DianeYane提到的讓老年人享受沐浴可推斷，第四段提到的研究是為了給DianeYane的私人水療中心提供科學(xué)支撐。故選D。27．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞所在的前一句話“Atassistedlivingfacilities,manyseniorsonlyhaveaccesstoashower,wheretheysitonabenchandtheircaregiverspraysthemwithwater.(在輔助生活設(shè)施中，許多老年人只能使用淋浴，他們坐在長(zhǎng)椅上，護(hù)理人員向他們噴水)”可知，有人會(huì)輔助老人淋浴，在這個(gè)過程中沒有太多的尊嚴(yán)和快樂。所以that指代“進(jìn)行有人輔助的淋浴”。故選B。C【答案】28．A

29．B

30．C

31．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了格陵蘭島冰原的一塊僵尸冰即將從大冰原脫離并融化。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“ZombieicefromamassiveGreenlandicesheetwasconfirmedtobemelting,whichwouldeventuallyraiseglobalsealevelsbyatleast10inches(27centimeters)onitsown,reportedAssociatedPress(AP).(據(jù)美聯(lián)社報(bào)道，來自格陵蘭島巨大冰原的僵尸冰被證實(shí)正在融化，這最終將使全球海平面上升至少10英寸(27厘米)。)”以及第二段第一句話“Zombieiceisthekindoficethatisstillattachedtothickerareasofice,butisnolongergettingfedbylargerglaciers.(僵尸冰是指仍然附著在較厚的冰層上，但不再?gòu)妮^大的冰川中獲得營(yíng)養(yǎng)的冰。)”可知，僵尸冰是指仍然附在較厚的冰層上，但不再?gòu)妮^大的冰川中獲得營(yíng)養(yǎng)的冰。由此可推知，僵尸冰一旦從較大的冰原中脫離，將會(huì)融化。故選A項(xiàng)。29．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容“Zombieiceisthekindoficethatisstillattachedtothickerareasofice,butisnolongergettingfedbylargerglaciers.Sinceglaciersaregettinglesssnowtocomplementtheamountoficemelted,oncethezombieiceismelted,itcannotbere-formed.(僵尸冰是指仍然附著在較厚的冰層上，但不再?gòu)妮^大的冰川中獲得營(yíng)養(yǎng)的冰。由于冰川的積雪越來越少，無法與融化的冰相補(bǔ)充，一旦僵尸冰融化，它就無法重新形成。)”可知，本段主要介紹了為什么融化的僵尸冰不能重新形成。故選B項(xiàng)。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Whileinvestorsaretakingadvantageofglobalwarming,expertsexpresstheirconcernsthatthemineralexplorationislikelytoworsenthelocalenvironment,draininguptheworld’sresourcesatafasterrate.(在投資者利用全球變暖的同時(shí)，專家們表達(dá)了他們的擔(dān)憂：礦產(chǎn)勘探可能會(huì)惡化當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境，以更快的速度耗盡世界資源。)”可知，“尋寶游戲”可能會(huì)惡化當(dāng)?shù)氐沫h(huán)境，以更快的速度耗盡世界資源。由此可知，作者對(duì)“尋寶游戲”表示擔(dān)憂。故選C項(xiàng)。31．推理判斷題。閱讀文章內(nèi)容可知，這是一篇新聞報(bào)道，文章第一段“ZombieicefromamassiveGreenlandicesheetwasconfirmedtobemolting,whichwouldeventuallyraiseglobalsealevelsbyatleast10inches(27centimeters)onitsown,reportedAssociatedPress(AP).(據(jù)美聯(lián)社報(bào)道，來自格陵蘭島冰原的僵尸冰被證實(shí)正在蛻皮，這最終將使全球海平面上升至少10英寸(27厘米)。)”提出報(bào)道主題：來自格陵蘭島冰原的僵尸冰正在蛻皮；第二段介紹了什么是僵尸冰，以及僵尸冰融化后不能再次形成的原因；第三、四段介紹了格陵蘭島冰川的變化；第五段提到了許多富翁打算等冰川融化后，在格陵蘭島進(jìn)行一場(chǎng)“尋寶游戲”；最后一段提到了這種“尋寶游戲”可能進(jìn)一步使當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境惡化。由此可知，作者寫本文的目的是為了報(bào)道僵尸冰的融化。故選B項(xiàng)。。D【答案】32．A

33．C

34．D

35．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文，介紹了經(jīng)常吃水果的人比不吃水果的人有更積極、健康的心理，更不容易有抑郁癥狀。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Theteamalsofoundthatpeoplewhoeatsavoury(咸味的)snackssuchascrisps(薯片),whicharelowinnutrients,aremorelikelytoreportgreaterlevelsofanxiety.(研究小組還發(fā)現(xiàn)，吃營(yíng)養(yǎng)素含量低的咸味薯片等零食的人更可能顯示更高的焦慮水平)”可知，咸味小吃更容易導(dǎo)致更大程度的焦慮。故答案為A。33．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Theresearchfoundthatbothnutrient-richfruitandnutrient-poorsavourysnacksappearedtobelinkedtopsychologicalhealth.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，營(yíng)養(yǎng)豐富的水果和營(yíng)養(yǎng)貧乏的咸味零食似乎都與心理健康有關(guān))”可知，營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良的零食與心理健康存在一定的關(guān)系。故答案為C。34．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段NicolaJayneTuck所陳述的“Verylittleisknownabouthowdietmayaffectmentalhealthandwellbeing,andwhilewedidnotdirectlyexaminecausalityhere,ourfindingscouldsuggestthatfrequentlysnackingonnutrient-poorsavouryfoodsmayincreaseeverydaymentallapses,whichinturnreducespsychologicalhealth(關(guān)于飲食如何影響心理健康和幸福，我們知之甚少，雖然我們沒有直接研究因果關(guān)系，但我們的研究結(jié)果可能表明，經(jīng)常吃營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良的美味食物可能會(huì)增加日常的精神失調(diào)癥，進(jìn)而降低心理健康)”可知，“wedidnotdirectlyexaminecausality”呼應(yīng)前一句中的“Verylittleisknown”，所以劃線詞等同于前一句的“howdietmayaffectmentalhealthandwellbeing”。因此D選項(xiàng)“飲食與心理健康和幸福之間的關(guān)系”符合題意。故答案為D。35．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其第一段的“Peoplewhofrequentlyeatfruitaremorelikelytoreportgreaterpositivementalwellbeingandarelesslikelytoreportsymptomsofdepressionthanthosewhodonot,accordingtonewresearchfromtheCollegeofHealthandLifeSciences,AstonUniversity.(阿斯頓大學(xué)健康與生命科學(xué)學(xué)院的一項(xiàng)新研究顯示，經(jīng)常吃水果的人比不吃水果的人更有可能表現(xiàn)出積極的心理健康，更不容易出現(xiàn)抑郁癥狀)”文章主要介紹了經(jīng)常吃水果的人比不吃水果的人有更積極、健康的心理，更不容易有抑郁癥狀。所以D選項(xiàng)“Eatingfruitoftenmaycontributetomentalhealth.(經(jīng)常吃水果有助于心理健康)”符合文章標(biāo)題。故答案為D。第二節(jié)（共5題，每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)答案】36．A

37．G

38．C

39．E

40．D第二部分【答案】41．B

42．C

4

3．B

44．C

45．C

46．D

47．D

48．B

49．D

50．A

51．C

52．C

53．D

54．B

55．A

56．B

57．B

58．D

59．C

60．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文，論述的是目前人們對(duì)手機(jī)上癮的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象。作者認(rèn)為，如果法律懲罰了上癮，我們都將被關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄，因?yàn)槲覀儗?duì)手機(jī)上癮。我們將分享，喜歡，愛和嫉妒。最后，以我們自己奇怪的方式，我們將控制我們嚴(yán)重篡改的生活。41．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們被它們不可救藥地分散了注意力，無助地投入到它們之中。A.surprised使驚訝；B.distracted分心；C.frightened使害怕；D.punished懲罰。根據(jù)上文的“becauseweareaddictedtoourphones.”可知我們被手機(jī)“分心”，故選B。42．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的手和心都被占據(jù)著：發(fā)短信、發(fā)推特、點(diǎn)贊、發(fā)郵件、分享。A.lost丟失的；B.vacant空的；C.occupied已占用的；D.awkward尷尬的，笨拙的。根據(jù)下文“texting,tweeting,liking,emailing,sharing.”可知，我們時(shí)刻都忙著做這些事情，腦子和心都被占據(jù)著。故選C。43．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不斷受到刺激。A.commonly一般地；B.constantly不斷地；C.usually通常；D.ordinarily通常地。根據(jù)上文“Ourhandsandmindsare2:texting,tweeting,liking,emailing,sharing.”可知，人們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不斷地受到刺激。故選B。44．考查動(dòng)詞詞組詞義辨析。句意：iPhone是我睡覺前看的最后一樣?xùn)|西，也是我起床后看的第一件東西。A.gethome到家；B.havedinner吃晚飯；C.wakeup醒來；D.goout出去，熄滅。根據(jù)“whenIgotobed”可知，此處呼應(yīng)上文，指早上醒來看的第一個(gè)就是手機(jī)。故選C。45．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)它不在那里的時(shí)候，我感覺它的消失就像一個(gè)被截肢的人，仍然感覺失去了一條腿。A.reference參考，涉及；B.confidence自信；C.absence缺席；D.appearance外觀，出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文的“notthere”可知，此處是指手機(jī)不再的時(shí)候。故選C。46．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.healthy健康的；B.remaining剩下的，剩余的；C.artificial假的；D.missing失去的。根據(jù)“anamputee”可知，此處是指像一個(gè)被截肢的人，仍然感覺失去了一條腿。故選D。47．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是對(duì)于我們行為上的這種巨大轉(zhuǎn)變的評(píng)論卻是完全負(fù)面的。A.consequence結(jié)果；B.interest興趣；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.shift移動(dòng)，變化。結(jié)合上文可知，此處是指人們沉迷于手機(jī)的這種行為轉(zhuǎn)變。故選D。48．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.changeable可改變的；B.negative消極的；C.consistent一致的；D.inspiring鼓舞人心的。根據(jù)上文“Itismyentrytocultureandfun.”和本段開頭的But可知，對(duì)這種變化的評(píng)價(jià)是消極的。故選B。49．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：核心觀點(diǎn)是，科技讓我們忘記了我們已經(jīng)知道的關(guān)于生命的知識(shí)，它阻止我們發(fā)展完全獨(dú)立的自我。A.rebuild重建；B.review回顧，復(fù)習(xí)；C.forgive原諒；D.forget忘記。根據(jù)上文“Butthecommentonthisenormous7inourbehaviorhasbeencompletely8.”可知，對(duì)于科技的評(píng)價(jià)是負(fù)面的，因此此處應(yīng)選擇一個(gè)負(fù)向感情色彩的詞，故“忘記我們已經(jīng)知道的關(guān)于生命的知識(shí)”符合語境。故選D。50．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.prevents阻止；B.keeps保持；C.suggests建議；D.finds找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文“Butthecommentonthisenormous7inourbehaviorhasbeencompletely8.”可知，對(duì)于科技的評(píng)價(jià)是負(fù)面的，因此此處應(yīng)選擇一個(gè)負(fù)向感情色彩的詞，故“阻止我們發(fā)展完全獨(dú)立的自我”符合語境。故選A。51．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：據(jù)說，人際關(guān)系的質(zhì)量也受到了影響。A.benefited有利于；B.balanced使平衡；C.suffered變差；D.improved提高。根據(jù)上文“Butthecommentonthisenormous7inourbehaviorhasbeencompletely8.”可知，對(duì)科技的評(píng)價(jià)是負(fù)面的，由此可知，人際關(guān)系的質(zhì)量也受到了影響，變差了。故選C。52．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：家長(zhǎng)們被餐桌上和操場(chǎng)上的工作郵件分心；孩子們渴望得到關(guān)注，直到他們終于在圣誕節(jié)買到iPad。A.happiness幸福；B.discipline紀(jì)律；C.attention關(guān)注；D.freedom自由。根據(jù)上文“Parentsaredistractedbyworke