2005年05月CATTI 三筆實務真題（真題+譯文）

2005.05CATTI三筆實務真題(附參考譯文)Section1English-ChineseTranslationTheimportanceofagriculturecannotbeoverstated.Morethan50percentoftheworld'slaborforceisemployedinagriculture.Thedistributionintheearly1980srangedfrom67percentofthoseemployedinAfricatolessthan5percentinNorthAmerica.InWesternEurope,thefigurewasaboutpercentinEasternEuropeandtheSovietUnionaboutpercent;andinAsia,about68percent.Farmsizevarieswidelyfromregiontoregion.RecentlytheaverageforCanadianfarmswasabout186ha(about460acres)perfarm,andforU.S.farms,about175ha(about432acres).TheaveragesizeofasinglelandholdinginthePhilippines,however,maybesomewhatlessthan3.6ha(lessthan9acres),andinIndonesia,alittlelessthan1.2ha(lessthan3acres).Sizealsodependsonthepurposeofthefarm.Commercialfarming,orproductionforcash,isusuallydoneonlargeholdings.TheplantationsofLatinAmericaarelarge,privatelyownedestatesworkedbytenantlabor.Single-cropplantationsproducetea,rubber,cocoa.Wheatfarmsaremostefficientwhentheycomprisesomethousandsofhectaresandcanbeworkedbyteamsofpeopleandmachines.Australiansheepstationsandotherlivestockfarmsmustbelargetoprovidegrazingforthousandsofanimals.Individualsubsistencefarmsorsmall-familymixed-farmoperationsaredecreasinginnumberindevelopedcountriesbutarestillnumerousinthedevelopingcountriesofAfricaandAsia.A"back-to-the-land"movementintheU.S.reversedthedeclineofsmallfarmsinNewEnglandandAlaskainthedecadefrom1970to1980.Theconditionsthatdeterminewhatwillberaisedinanareaincludeclimate,watersupply,andterrain.Overthe10,000yearssinceagriculturebegantobedeveloped,peopleseverywherehavediscoveredthefoodvalueofwildplantsandanimalsanddomesticatedandbredthem.Themostimportantarecerealssuchaswheat,rice,barley,cornandrye.Agriculturalincomeisalsoderivedfromnon-foodcropssuchasrubber,fiberplants,tobacco,andoilseedsusedinsyntheticchemicalcompoundsMoneyisalsoderivedfromraisinganimalsforpelt.Muchoftheforeignexchangeearnedbyacountrymaybederivedfromasinglecommodity;forexample,SriLankadependsontea,Denmarkspecializesindairyproducts,Australiainwool,andNewZealandandArgentinainmeatproducts.IntheU.S.,wheathasbecomeamajorforeignexchangecommodityinrecentyears.Theimportanceofanindividualcountryasanexporterofagriculturalproductsdependsonmanyvariables.Amongthemisthepossibilitythatthecountryistoolittledevelopedindustriallytoproducemanufacturedgoodsinsufficientquantityortechnicalsophistication.SuchagriculturalexportersincludeGhanawithcocoa,andMyanmarwithrice.Ontheotherhand,anexceptionallywell-developedcountrymayproducesurplusesnotneededbyitsownpopulation;thishasbeentrueoftheUSCanada,andsomeoftheWestEuropeancountries.Section2Chinese-EnglishTranslation質文化生活。2000年，西藏全區(qū)各族人民已基本擺脫貧困，實現(xiàn)溫飽。部分群眾生活達到了加到現(xiàn)在的67歲。Section1參考譯文于3.6公頃(不足9英畝)，在印度尼西亞則略少于1.2公頃(不足3英畝)。國家就是這種情況。Section2參考譯文Tibet,locatedonthe"RoofoftheWorld",isstillanunderdevelopedareainChinabecauseofitsharshnaturalconditionsandvarioussocialandhistoricalrestrictionsformedbycenturiesofbackwardfeudalserfdom.However,thedevelopmentofTibetinthepast50yearshasgreatlychangeditsformerpoorandbackwardlook,andtheTibetanpeople'slivingstandardshavegreatlyimproved.Socialandeconomicdevelopmenthasenrichedthepeople'smaterialandculturalliferemarkably.In2000,peopleofvariousethnicgroupsinTibetbasicallyshookoffpoverty,andhadenoughtoeatandwear.Someofthembegantoliveabetter-offlife.Alongwiththeimprovementinthepeople'slivelihood,consumergoodssuchasrefrigerators,colorTVsets,washingmachines,motorcyclesandwristwatcheshaveenteredmoreandmoreordinaryhomes.Manywell-offfarmersandherdsmenhavebuiltnewhouses.Somehaveevenboughtautomobiles.Currently,Tibetranksfirstinper-capitahousinginthecountry.Radio,television,telecommunications,theInternetandothermodeminformationtransmissionmeansarenowpartofdailylifeinTibet.NewsaboutvariouspartsofthecountryandtheworldnowreachmostpeopleinTibetbyradioandTV.Localpeoplecanobtaininformationfromandmakecontactswithotherpartsofthecountryandtheworldthroughtelephone,telegram,faxortheInternet.TheTibetanpeople'shea