2014年catti二級筆譯綜合能力試題及答案解析(四)

2014年catti二級筆譯綜合能力試題及答案解析(四)catti二級筆譯綜合能力試題及答案解析(四)一、VocabularySelection(本大題20小題．每題1.0分，共20.0分。Inthispart,thereare20incompletesentences.Beloweachsentence,therearefourwordsorphrasesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.Choosethewordorphrasewhichbestcompleteseachsentence.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.)第1題BuildingsinthesoutheastoftheUKaregoingtohavetobeconstructed________thoseinScotlandifthereportfindingsarecorrect.AasBlikeClikelyDarelike【答案解析】singstheblueslikeshedid．唱布魯斯歌(一種傷感的美國黑人民歌)誰也比不上她。as以相似的方式，如同，作為：Onthisissuetheythoughtasone．在這個問題上，他們意見一致。第2題Yourblunttreatmentofdisputeswouldputotherpeopleinanegativeframeof________,withtheresultthattheywouldnotbeabletoacceptyourproposal.AmindBideaCintentionDwish【答案解析】固定搭配。inaframeofmind精神狀態(tài)，情緒：Themostimportantthingistotaketheexaminapositiveflameofmind．參加考試最重要的是要有積極的精神狀態(tài)。第3題Wearingseat-beltswhendrivingisnow________bylaw.AcompulsiveBforcibleCcompulsoryDinvoluntary【答案解析】niscompulsoryinBritain．在英國實行義務(wù)教育。Compulsive強烈沖動(欲望)引起的，難以抑制的：acompulsiveneedtosucceed企求成功的強烈欲望。forcible強制的，暴力的，有說服力的：makeaforcibleentryintothehouse意的傷害。第4題Overaverylargenumberoftrials,theprobabilityofanevent________isequaltotheprobabilitythatitwillnotoccur.AoccurringBtooccurCoccursDoccur【答案解析】語法題。這里是現(xiàn)在分詞作為定語修飾event，相當(dāng)于occurring前省掉which第5題Thelistofthingsweneedtothinkaboutwhichwillbe________byclimatechangeisendless.AaffiliatedBaffectedCaffirmedDeffected【答案解析】盟，并入：Ourclubisaffiliatedwithanationalorganizationofsimilarclubs．我們的俱樂部加入了一個由同類俱樂部組成的全國性組織。affirm肯定，確認(rèn)：Theministeraffirmedthegovernment'sintentiontoreducetaxes．部長確認(rèn)政府有減稅意向。effect引起，產(chǎn)生：Wehavetriedourbesttoeffectthereconciliationbetweenthetwoparties．我們已盡了最大努力希望促成雙方和解。第6題I''lljust________aneyeoverthesefiguresbeforeyoutypethem.AtossBcastCflingDthrow【答案解析】近義辨析。這四個詞都指“投，拋，擲”。cast指轉(zhuǎn)向或引向：Alleyeswerecastuponthespeaker．所有目光皆投注在說話者身上。toss：指以迅猛的速度突然移動或抬起(頭)：tossingtheirheadsinsprightlydance在輕盈活潑的舞步中抬起他們的頭。fling指擺動(身體一部分)：Sheflungbackherheadproudly．她傲氣地把頭一揚。throw指發(fā)出，投射：Shethrewmealookofencouragement．她向我投來鼓勵的目光。第7題Shehadjust________theshellofthehard-boiledeggandwasstartingtopeelitoff.AsnappedBcrackedCfracturedDburst【答案解析】裂：Theropesnapped．繩子突然斷了。fracture使破碎：fractureabone折斷骨頭。burst使爆炸：Ifyoublowthatballoonupanymoreitwillburst．那氣球再吹就要破了。第8題Hewascompletely________byhertaleofhardship.AtakenawayBtakendownCtakeninDtakenup【答案解析】習(xí)語辨析。takein欺騙；吸收：Hewasnicelytakenin．他被騙得團(tuán)團(tuán)轉(zhuǎn)。takeaway帶走，拿走：Thesebooksarenottobetakenaway．這些書不準(zhǔn)拿走。takedown記下來：Themotorist'snameandaddressweretakendownbythepoliceman．汽車駕駛?cè)说男彰偷刂繁痪煊浵铝?。takeup開始從事：I'mnotverygoodatFrench，Ionlytookituprecently．我的法語不太好，最近才開始學(xué)。第9題Wewillnotbeheldresponsibleforanydamagewhichresults________roughhandling.AfromBoffCin【答案解析】習(xí)語辨析。resultfrom由于??而發(fā)生，是??的結(jié)果：Anydamagetoabookresultingfromnegligencemustbepaidforbytheborrower．由于疏忽而對書籍所造成的損壞應(yīng)由借閱者賠償。resultin結(jié)果是，導(dǎo)致：Thesesafetymeasureswillresultinthereductionofworkaccident．這些安全措施將減少工傷事故。第10題Inordertoobtaintheneededinformation,youshouldwritesimply,clearly,andconcisely________thereaderwantstoknow.AwhatBthatCsothatDwhich【答案解析】固定搭配?？崭裉幍脑~既做主句的賓語，又做從句的主語，因而應(yīng)選先行詞和關(guān)系代詞的結(jié)合體的“what”，表示“??的東西”。第11題His________behaviormadeeveryonenervous.Hewasalwaysrushingtoopendoorsandperformothersmalltasks,apologizingunnecessarilyforanyinconveniencethathemighthavecaused.AobliviousBobservantCobsequiousDobsolescent【答案解析】善于討好的店主。oblivious未察覺；不注意：Thegovernmentseemsobliviousofthelikelyeffectsofthenewlegislation．政府似乎并沒有注意到新法可能帶來的后果。observant善于觀察的；寂靜的：Anobservantshopassistanthadrememberedexactlywhatthemanwaswearing．有個機警的店員準(zhǔn)確記得那個男子的穿著。obsolescent即將過時的，逐步淘汰的：Electronicequipmentquicklybecomesobsolescent．電子設(shè)備淘汰得快。第12題Thejurygavea________of"notguilty".AsentenceBjudgementCchargeDverdict【答案解析】近義辨析。verdict裁決，判決，判斷(指陪審團(tuán)的裁決)：Theverdictwasthattheprisonerwasguilty．判決犯人有罪。sentence判決，宣判(指法庭的判決，尤其指對已判決有罪的人加以處罰的法院的刑罰決定)：Hereceivedaheavysentence,他被判重刑。judgement判斷，審判，裁判(指法庭的判決，法官的決定)：Thejudgementsetanewprecedent．那次判決樹立了一個新的判例。charge指控，控告(指提出對不法行為的指控)：achargeofmurder指控犯謀殺TheKyotoProtocolhasbeendesignedto________theglobalenvironmentalproblems.AdressBaddressCstressDdistress【答案解析】evotingfortheGreens全球性問題被關(guān)注的人們應(yīng)該選舉格林一家。stress強調(diào)：ImuststressthatwhatIsayisconfidential．我要強調(diào)我說的話是保密的。distress(常用被動語態(tài))給(某人)帶來痛苦、悲傷、苦難、貧困、危難等：Iwasmostdistressedtohearthesadnewsofyourfather'sdeath．聽到你父親去世的噩耗我十分難過。第14題Partoftheinvestmentistobeusedto________thatoldtempletoitsoriginalsplendor.ArestBrecoverCreplaceDrestore【答案解析】形近識別。restore修復(fù)(建筑物、家具、藝術(shù)品等)：Theoilpaintingwasdamagedinthefloodandhadtobepainstakinglyrestored．這張油畫在洪水中損壞了，得費很大力氣修復(fù)。recover恢復(fù)到正常狀態(tài)(如健康、神智、繁榮)：Tradesoonrecoveredfromtheeffectsofthewar．貿(mào)易擺脫了戰(zhàn)爭的影響而很快復(fù)蘇了。replace將(某物)放回原處：Replacethebookontheshelfafterreading．讀后把書放回原處。第15題Astechnologicaladvancesputmoreandmoretimebetweenearlyschoollifeandtheyoungperson''sfinalaccesstospecializedwork,thestageof________becomesanevenmoremarkedandconsciousperiod.AadolescenceBadjacencyCadvantageDadventure【答案解析】eadventure冒險。第16題Iwouldn''ttrustsucha________person.AdeceitfulBdeceptiveCdecisiveDdeceive【答案解析】形近識別。deceitful欺騙的，不誠實的：You'vebeengoingtherewithouttellingme，youdeceitfulchild!你一直在瞞著我到那地方去，你這不誠實的孩子!deceptive可能欺騙的，導(dǎo)致誤解的：Appearancesareoftendeceptive．外表往往是靠不住的。decisive決定性的：thedecisivevote決定性的一票。deceive欺騙，行騙(動詞)：Hedeceivedherintothinkinghecoulddriveacar．他騙她，使她相信他會開汽車。第17題________Itwastoolatetoofthecontract________AbackoutBbackdownCbackupDbackaway【答案解析】習(xí)語辨析。backout不履行(協(xié)議、承諾等)：It'stoolatetobackoutofthedealnow．現(xiàn)在要在這筆交易上打退堂鼓為時已晚。backdown讓步，放棄，屈服：Heprovedthathewasrightandhiscriticshadtobackdown．他證明了他是正確的，而那些非難他的人不得不收起他們那一套。backup使聚集：Trafficbackedupinthetunnel．在地下道中引起了交通阻塞；backaway因害怕或厭惡而后退：Thechildbackedawayfromthebigdog．那個孩子看見大狗就向后退了。第18題AnnieJumpCannon,________discoveredsomanystarsthatshewascalled"thecensustakerofthesky".Aaleadingastronomer,Bwho,asaleadingastronomer,Cwasaleadingastronomer,Daleadingastronomerwho【答案解析】結(jié)構(gòu)識別。aleadingastronomer是AnnieJumpCannon的同位語。第19題Asalwayswhenshesanginthebathroom,she________thehighnotesinaspecialway.AspanoutBbeltedoutCspreadoutDstretchout【答案解析】習(xí)語辨析。spinout拉長，拖延：trytogaintimebyspinningoutthenegotiation企圖拖延談判以爭取時間。beltout大聲地、強有力地唱出或奏出：aradiobeltingoutpopmusic大聲播放流行音樂的收音機。spreadout展開：spreadoutamapstretchoutstretchoutahelpinghand伸出一只援助的手。第20題Ifyouareanenergeticpersonwithstrongviewsastotherightwayofdoingthings,youfindyourself________underpressures.AvariablyBinvariablyCinvaluablyDinvalidly【答案解析】economygivewaytorecession．經(jīng)濟(jì)中的強盛期總要讓位于衰退期。variable可變的，易變的：Windsaremainlylightandvariable．風(fēng)力多微弱，風(fēng)向多變。invaluably非常寶貴的：Suchdatawillproveinvaluabletoresearchersstudyingfishpopulations．這些數(shù)據(jù)對于研究魚類數(shù)量的人將證明二、VocabularyReplacement(本大題12小題．每題1.0分，共12.0分。Thispartconsistsof15sentencesinwhichonewordorphraseisunderlined.Beloweachsentence,therearefourchoicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.YouaretoselecttheONEchoicethatcanreplacetheunderlinedwordwithoutcausinganygrammaticalerrororchangingtheprincipalmeaningofthesentence.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.)第1題Thefeelingofcompetitionamongthestudentsinalltheclassroomswherethetestwasgoingonwasnoticeabletoeveryone.AdiscordBdiscoveryCrivalryDcooperation【答案解析】名詞辨析。discord爭論、不和：Anoteofdiscordcreptintotheirrelationship．他們的關(guān)系出現(xiàn)了裂痕。discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)：anewdiscoveryinmedicalscience醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。rivalry競爭、敵對者：Thereisgreatrivalrybetweenthetwosisters．這兩姐妹間有一場激烈的競爭。cooperation合作：Thankyouforyourcooperation．感謝你們的合作。第2題Asaconductor,LeonardBernsteinisfamousforhisintenselyvigorousandexuberantstyle.AenthusiasticBnervousCpainfulDextreme【答案解析】形容詞辨析。exuberant(人或行為)充滿活力的：exuberanthighspirits精神煥enthusiastic熱心的：beenthusiasticfor[about]sth．對某事熱ideasareratherextreme．他的政治思想相當(dāng)極端。第3題Manyoftheelectricandelectronicproductswepurchaseandconsumetodayarewhatsomeindustrialexpertscall"homogeneoustoys".AidenticalBhomosexualCunrelatedDdistinguishable【答案解析】sareidentical.他們的衣服完全一樣。homosexual同性戀的；unrelated無關(guān)的；distinguishable可區(qū)別的，可分辨的：Thosefiguresarenoteasilydistinguishable．那些花紋不易區(qū)別。第4題Oneoftheeffectivewaystolessenenvironmentalpollutionisthereservationandprotectionofmoreswamps.AvastthickcoralsBpocketsofwetlandCwarmvolcanoesDmillionsofbeesandwasps【答案解析】名詞辨析。swamp沼澤，濕地，煤層聚水洼：Theswampcountryisinclinedtopoachinwinter．這片沼澤地帶在冬季一踏就陷下去了。pocketsofwetland濕地。coral珊瑚；volcano火山；beesandwasps蜜蜂和黃蜂。第5題Whenahurricaneisabouttooccur,theNationalWeatherBureauissuesawarning.AadjacentBgiganticCperilousDimminent【答案解析】tHewasfacedwithimminentdeath．他面臨逼近的死亡。adjacent鄰近的：adjacentcities相鄰的城市。gigantic巨大的；龐大的：Thenewairplanelookedlikeagiganticbird．這架新飛機看起來像一只巨大的鳥。perilous危險的：aperilous．journeyacrossthemountains橫越重山的艱險征途。第6題InNathanielHawthorne''sTheScarletLetter,ReverendDimmesdalesuccumbedtoHester''scharms.AappealedtoBconversedaboutCcarednothingforDyieldedto【答案解析】結(jié)構(gòu)識別。succumbto屈服于：succumbtotemptation受誘惑。yieldto屈appealtoBrightcoloursappealtosmallchildren．小孩喜歡鮮艷的顏色。converseabout就??談?wù)摚篐e'swillingtoconversewithanyoneaboutthequotationsonthestockmarket．他愿和任何人談?wù)摴墒行星?。carenothingfor不以為意。第7題AnthropologistBarbaraMyerhofffurtheredherreputationasanauthorityonNativeAmericanculturewithherstudyofthesymbols,myths,andritualsoftheHuicholpeople.AdeservedBretainedCrenewedDadvanced【答案解析】動詞辨析。further促進(jìn)；deserve應(yīng)得，值得：Thearticledeservescarefulstudy這篇文章值得仔細(xì)研究。retain保留，維持：retainanappearanceofyouthrenewrenewanoldfriendship重續(xù)舊日ofrice促進(jìn)水稻生長。第8題Thisreflectstheprioritybeingattachedtoeconomicoverpoliticalactivity,partlycausedbyagrowingreluctancetoenteracallingblightedbyrelentlesspublicitythatalltoooftenendsindestroyingcareersandreputations.ApowerfulnessBunwillingnessCrenaissanceDapologeticness【答案解析】unwillingnessrenaissanceFolkmusicisnowenjoyinga題WhenAkiyamaToyohiro,Japan''sfirstastronaut,completedhisstintinspace,hecamebackdowntoearthwithmorethanoneworry.AspellBslingCstingDstink【答案解析】lltotheothers．務(wù)必要把分配給你的那份工作做完，不要都留給別人做。spell(指與某種活動、事件有關(guān)的)連續(xù)不斷的一段時間，輪班的時間：IdidaspellinthearmybeforeIbecameapoliceman．我在成為警察之前曾在軍隊干過一段時他不得不把斷胳膊固定在吊帶上。sting刺痛，針刺，傷痕：Theredspotonhisarmisasting．他胳膊上的小紅點是蟲叮的傷痕。stink臭味：Whatastink!真臭!第10題Thefutilityoftheprogramresultedfrompoorplanning.ApossiblefailureinthefutureBineffectivenessanduselessnessCblindnesstoitsmistakesDpotentialdisaster【答案解析】名詞辨析。futility無效，無用；ineffectivenessanduselessness無效及無用；possiblefailureinthefuture將來可能的失??；blindnesstoitsmistakes對錯誤熟視無睹；potentialdisaster潛在的災(zāi)難。第11題TheancientJewishpeopleregardedthemselvesasthesaltoftheearth,thechosenfewbyGodtoruletheworld.AoutcastBeliteCnomadDdisciple【答案解析】結(jié)構(gòu)識別。saltoftheearth社會中堅，高尚的人。句中“thechosenfewbyGodtoruletheworld(上帝選來統(tǒng)治世界的少數(shù)人)”作“saltoftheearth”的Theword"wrath"inTheGrapesofWrathbytheNobelprizewinnerJohnSteinbeckprobablymeans:AgreatangerBlargecrowdsChardlaborDsuddenstorms【答案解析】名詞辨析。wrath憤怒，激怒：HiswrathgotoutOfhand．他怒不可遏。storms暴風(fēng)雨。三、CorrectingGrammaticalErrors(本大題15小題．每題1.0分，共15.0分。Thispartconsistsof15sentencesinwhichthereisanunderlinedpartthatindicatesagrammaticalerrorBeloweachsentence,therearefourchoicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.YouaretoselecttheONEchoiceandreplacetheunderlinedelement(s)sothattheerroriserasedandcorrected.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.)第1題Whileitisessentialthatthetextcoversthesubjectadequately,itisalsoimportantthatitisneithertoodetailedortoocomplexfortheintendedreader.AforBnorCnoDnot【答案解析】r第2題Trialanderrorarethesourceofourknowledge.AisBwereChasDhavebeen【答案解析】時態(tài)應(yīng)用。短語trialanderror(反復(fù)實驗)是單數(shù)主語，后面謂語動詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)的“is”而非“are”。第3題Manystudentsagreedtocome,butsomestudentsagainstbecausetheysaidtheydon''thavetime.AdidnotbecausetheysaytheydidnotBwereagainstbecausetheysaytheydon'tCdidnotbecausetheysaidtheydidnotDwereagainstcomingbecausetheysaidtheydon't【答案解析】時態(tài)應(yīng)用。B和D的“wereagainst”與“agreed”不平行，所以是錯誤的。A中的“say”與整句的時態(tài)不一致。在一個句中，如果動詞重復(fù)使用時，可用助動詞，省掉動詞。所以正確答案應(yīng)是C。第4題Wearenotconsciousoftheextentofwhichworkprovidesthepsychologicalsatisfactionthatcanmakethedifferencebetweenafullandemptylife.AtowhichBinwhichCatwhichDbywhich【答案解析】結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。totheextentof到??的地步(或程度)。第5題Becauseexcessivelyhuntinghasdepletedmanywildlifespecies,gamepreservesarebeingestablished.AexcessivehuntingBhuntingexcessivelyChuntingwasexcessiveDtheyhuntedexcessively【答案解析】時態(tài)應(yīng)用。劃線部分是從句主語，hunting是名詞，其前面的修飾成分不能用副詞，而應(yīng)改成形容詞excessive。第6題Wheneverwehearofanaturaldisaster,wefeelsympathetictothepeopletobeaffected.AtohaveaffectedBtohaveeffectedCwhohavebeeneffectedDwhohavebeenaffected【答案解析】時態(tài)應(yīng)用。動詞不定式短語常表示將來要發(fā)生的動作，與本題意思不符，因而排除動詞用時表示“招致，實現(xiàn)，達(dá)到(目的等)”，表示“影響”時是名詞：Thedrughadanimmediateeffectonthepain．這藥對止痛能立刻生效。第7題An"epigram"isusuallydescriedasabrightorwittythoughtthatisterselyandingeniouslyexpressed.AdescribedBdiscardedCdeservedDdisconcerted【答案解析】動詞應(yīng)用。題干中的descry意思為“看見，望見”。固定搭配describesthassthHedescribeshimselfasadoctor。discard丟peopledeserveourhelp．這些人值得我們幫助。disconcert使驚惶，使倉皇失措，破壞：Theyoungmadamwasdisconcertedtodiscoverthatshewasbeingwatched．這位年青的太太發(fā)現(xiàn)有人在監(jiān)視她，便驚惶失措。本題題干意思是“警句常被描述為簡練、巧妙表達(dá)的機智詼諧的思想?！备鶕?jù)題干意思，所以本題應(yīng)選A。第8題Sino-foreigneducationalprogramonbusinessispopularinChinanow,andthedemandforhighlevelinterpretationisgreat.Aprogramsinenterprises/highlevelinterpretersBprogramsininternationalbusiness/seniorinterpretersCprogramininternationalbiz/seniorinterpretationsDprogramsofbusiness/high-levelinterpretations【答案解析】demandfor后面的賓語多用表示人的具體名詞，所以，這里應(yīng)把interpretation改成interpreter。根據(jù)句意，中外在國際貿(mào)易方面的課程教育很流行，肯定需要第9題Weshouldletmoreyoungparentsandtheirchildrencanenjoyscientificearlyeducation.AprovidemoreyoungparentsandtheirchildrentoenjoyearlyeducationBprovidemoreyoungparentsandtheirchildrentoenjoyearlyeducationandscientificCprovideyoungparentsandtheirchildrenenjoymorescientificearlyeducationDprovideyoungparentsandtheirchildrenwithmoreearlyeducationservices【答案解析】letsbdocanprovidesbwithsth表示“提供”。第10題Fewpleasurescanequalsuchofacooldrinkonahotday.AthisBallthisCthatDallthat【答案解析】代詞應(yīng)用。句中劃線部分應(yīng)該是代詞來替代前面提到的pleasure。that和those若跟有介詞短語，可用來代表前面提到的東西，以避免重復(fù)，等于“the+前面那個名詞”。第11題I'mratherconcernedhowhewilltakeinhisschool.AtakeonBtakeupCtakeoffDtaketo【答案解析】習(xí)慣搭配。taketo喜愛，親近：Twokeenmindsthattheyare，theytooktoeachother．越敏銳的兩顆心，越容易互相吸引。takeon從事，開始對付：tookonextraresponsibilities擔(dān)負(fù)了額外的責(zé)任。takeoff放開，離開：tookthebrakeoff開閘。第12題You'vebeensohelpful!HowcanImakeuptoyou?AmakeituptoyouBmakeyouupCmakeupitforyouDmakeupyou【答案解析】sb．補償某人的損失、遭受的不幸或花費的錢財：Thanksforbuyingmyticket—I'llmakeituptoyoulater．感謝你給我買了票——我稍后再還給你beforetheparty．她在聚會前化妝用了一個小時。第13題Whenshereturnedbackbyabroad,shetoldusallaboutherexperienceasanillegalimmigrant.AbyBbackCfromDbackfrom【答案解析】習(xí)慣搭配。returnfrom(=goback)返回：Shereturned(home)fromaholiday．她度假歸來。第14題Therecentconferenceontheeffectiveuseoftheseasandoceanswasanotherattemptresolvingmajordifferencesamongcountrieswithconflictinginterests.AresolveBresolvesCtoresolveDbeingresolved【答案解析】attempttodosth．努力，嘗試：Shemadeanattempttocookthedinner．她試著做這頓飯。第15題Uponcompletinghisexaminationoverthepatient,thedoctorofferedhisjudgmentofherconditions.AofBoffCaboutDaround【答案解析】介詞應(yīng)用。本題要表達(dá)的意思是“對病人的檢查”，四個選項中只有of可以表示對象或所屬關(guān)系。四、ReadingComprehension(共55小題,共110.0分)Inthissectionyouwillfindaftereachofthepassagesanumberofquestionsorunfinishedstatementsaboutthepassage,eachwithfour(A,B,CandD)suggestedanswersorwaysoffinishing.Youmustchoosetheonewhichyouthinkfitsbest.第1題Modernindustrialsocietygrantslittlestatustooldpeople.Infact,suchasocietyhasasystemofbuilt-inobsolescence.Thereisnoformalsystemforcontinuingoureducationthroughoutourlifeinordertokeepupwithrapidlychangingknowledge.Whenoureducationandjobskillshavegrownobsolete,wearetreatedexactlylikethosewhohavenevergainedaneducationorjobskillsandarenotencouragedorgiventheopportunitytobeginanew.Asasocietybecomesmorehighlydeveloped,theoverallstatusofolderpeoplediminishes.Improvedhealthtechnologycreatesalargepoolofoldpeople,whocompeteforjobswiththeyoung.However,economictechnologylowersthedemandforworkersandcreatesnewjobsforwhichtheskillsoftheagedareobsolete,forcingolderpeopleintoretirement.Atthesametime,youngpeoplearebeingeducatedinthenewtechnologyandarekeepingpacewithrapidchangesinknowledge.Finally,urbanizationcreatesage-segregatedneighborhoods.Becausetheoldliveonfixedincomes,theymustoftenliveininferiorhousing.Allthesefactors—retirement,obsoleteknowledgeandskills,inferiorstandardsofliving—lowerthestatusoftheagedinsociety.Acenturyago,whenonecouldexpecttoliveonlyto50orso,thelifespanmoreorlesscoincidedwiththeoccupationandfamilycycle.Buttodaytheaveragelifespanallowsforfifteentotwentyyearsoflifeafterthesecycles.Itappearsthatourlifespanisoutpacingourusefulnessinsociety.By"asystemofbuilt-inobsolescence"theauthormeans________.AnoformalsystemsexistinmodernindustrialsocietyBoldpeoplehavenostatusinmodernindustrialsocietyCyoungpeoplehavechancesinmodernindustrialsocietyDknowledgechangesrapidlyinmodernindustrialsociety【答案解析】推斷題型。根據(jù)開篇的第二、三句Infact，suchasocietyhasasystemofbuilt—inobsolescence．Thereisnoformalsystemforcontinuingoureducationthroughoutourlifeinordertokeepupwithrapidlychangingknowledge．(社會有其體系的內(nèi)在弊端。沒有終生繼續(xù)教育的正規(guī)體系以使老年人跟上知識的更新。)第2題Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whichofthefollowingistrue?APeopledon'thavetogaineducation.BPeopledon'thavetolearnjobskills.CPeopledon'thavetobetreatedasequals.DPeopledon'thavechancestobeginanew.【答案解析】是非題型。根據(jù)第一段第四句Whenoureducationandjobskillshavegrownobsolete，wearetreatedexactlylikethosewhohavenevergainedaneducationorjobskillsandarenotencouragedorgiventheopportunitytobeginanew．一旦我們的教育和技能落后了，就沒有受教育、學(xué)技能的機會了，也就沒有重新再來的機會了。第3題Themorehighlydevelopedasocietyis,________.AthemoreadvancedtechnologywillbeBthelargerthenumberofpeoplewillbeCthemorediminishedoldpeople'sstatuswillbeDthelowertheoverallstatusofthepeoplewillbe【答案解析】細(xì)節(jié)題型。根據(jù)第二段第一句Asasocietybecomesmorehighlydeveloped，theoverallstatusofolderpeoplediminishes．第4題Thehighdevelopmentofeconomictechnology________.AmakesjobskillsoutoffashionBlowersthedemandforworkersCforcesoldpeopleintoretirementDcreatesnewjobsforolderpeople【答案解析】細(xì)節(jié)題型。答案出自第二段第三句However，economictechnologylowersthedemandforworkersandcreatesnewjobsforwhichtheskillsoftheagedareobsolete，forcingolderpeopleintoretirement．第5題WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?ARetiredpeoplecouldonlyliveonfixedincomes.BRetiredpeoplearemoreskillfulthanyoungpeople.CYoungpeopleareeducatedinthenewtechnology.DYoungpeoplearekeepingpacewithrapidchanges.【答案解析】是非題型。從第二段最后一句話Allthesefactors—retirement，obsoleteknowledgeandskills，inferiorstandardsofliving—lowerthestatusoftheagedinsociety．可以判斷出B項為正確答案。第6題Accordingtothispassage,thestatusoftheagedisloweredbytheir________.AforcedretirementBinferiorhousingClongerlifespanDfixedincomes【答案解析】推斷題型。依據(jù)第二段最后一句。第7題Thesentence"ourlifespanoutpacesourusefulness"meanswecanlivelonger________.AandmakeprogressBanddomoreworkCbutmoveslowlyDbutbecomeuseless【答案解析】細(xì)節(jié)題型。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句Itappearsthatourlifespanisoutpacingourusefulnessinsocietyoutpace“超過”。第8題Theauthor'sattitudetowardtheagedis________.ArealisticBoptimisticCpessimisticDsympathetic【答案解析】態(tài)度題型。從文章頭兩句Modemindustrialsocietygrantslittlestatustooldnobsolescence及全文看，作者一直對老年人因受不到繼續(xù)教育而落伍導(dǎo)致退休，從而在社會中失sympathetic同情的。第9題Itcanbededucedfromthispassagethatoneshould________.AlearnnewskillsBbeopen-mindedChaveagoodpersonalityDkeeppacewiththetimes推斷題型。答案出自第二段第四句Atthesametime，youngpeoplearebeingeducatedinthenewtechnologyandarekeepingpacewithrapidchangesinknowledge．A項和B項有些片面。第10題Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?ATheProblemofAgingBSocialStructuresCEconomicTechnologyDContinuingEducation【答案解析】主旨題型。本文探討老年人在社會中地位喪失的原因，B文中沒有涉及，C和D第11題Thisisofferedasatextbookillustrationoftheprinciplethatvotersarefarshrewderthanmostpoliticiansbelieve.ThiscasestudyhighlightingWashington''sinabilitytofoolanyoneisbasedonarecentsurveyoftheattitudesofpeopleonMedicareabouttheirnewprescription-drugbenefit.Lastfall,whenCongressaddedprescription-drugcoveragetoMedicare,thenewlawwashailedasapoliticalmasterpiece.CongressionalDemocrats,whooverwhelminglyopposedthebill,thunderedthatthey,too,wereeagertoprovideadrugbenefitunderMedicare,buttheychampionedalternativelegislationthatofferedalargerdrugsubsidyandsmallerincentivestohealthinsurerstoparticipate.LiberalssuchasSen.EdwardKennedywereconfidentthatthedrugbill,withplentyofholesinitsbenefitformulas,wouldinevitablybeexpandedaroundthetimeittookeffect.NotmanyinCongressseemedtroubledthatthefederalbudgetwasdeepindeficit,thenationwassaddledwithfutureexpendituresfortheIraqwarandvirtuallynohealthcareexpertbelievedthatthelegislationwouldfitintoitsprojected$400-billion-over-10-yearscostframework.Thenewlawwasacynicalbargainthathadmoretodowiththe2004electionthanarationalapproachtotheprescription-drugneedsofthenation''selderly.Theprescription-druglegislationseemsacompromisebetweencompetingideologiesinsertedintoafixedcongressionalbudget.Putanotherway,itwassausage-stuffingintheguiseoflawmaking.And,whatnooneanticipatedwasthereactionoftheelderly,agroupthatvotesindisproportionatenumbers.Thepassageyouarereadingisthebeginningpartofareportintheoriginal.Then,whatis"This",thefirstword,mostprobablyreferringto?AAnofferedillustration.BPartofatextbookonpolitics.CWhattheauthorisgoingtowrite.DTheprinciplethatvotersareshrewderthanmostpoliticiansbelieve.【答案解析】推斷題型。第一段第一句的Thisisofferedasatextbookillustrationoftheprinciple?(這個可作為??原則的文本例證)，顯然是一個引出下文的句子。第12題AlsofoundinParagraph1,whatdoes"thiscasestudy"probablyreferto?AAcasestudythewriteristotalkabout.BPartofatextbookonpolitics.CWhattheauthorisgoingtowrite.DWashington'sinabilitytofoolanyone.【答案解析】推斷題型。用Thiscasestudy避免重復(fù)上一句的this。第13題BasedonarecentsurveyoftheattitudesofpeopleonMedicareis________.AthecapitalcityoftheUnitedStatesofAmericaBatextbookonAmericanpoliticsCwhattheauthorisgoingtowriteDastatementthattheAmericangovernmentcannotfoolitspeople【答案解析】細(xì)節(jié)題型。答案根據(jù)第一段第二句話Thiscasestudy?isbasedonarecentsurvey?。Thiscasestudy指的是whattheauthorisgoingtowrite。第14題Congressaddedprescription-drugcoveragetoMedicaremostprobablymeansthattheCongressoftheUSAdecidedto________.Aaddprescription-drugstotheMedicareprogramBallowtheMedicareprogramtoproviderefundingsubsidiestoselectedmedicinestobepurchasedbyMedicaremembersCincreasepaymenttoMedicareforrefundingAmericansbuyingprescriptionmedicinesDprovideinsurancetoprescriptiondrugspurchasedbyMedicareparticipants【答案解析】細(xì)節(jié)題型。答案出自第二段第一行的Congressaddedprescription-drugcoveragetoMedicare。A選項中說的是prescription-drug，而不是prescription-drugcoverage；C選項中說的是付錢給“醫(yī)療保險制度”，應(yīng)該是醫(yī)療保險制度提供錢給購藥的人；D選項的意思是醫(yī)療保險制度提供的保險對第15題Belowarefourgroupsoftermsthatarefoundinthepassage.Whichgroupcontainsatleastonetermthatdoesnotrefertothesamethingastheothertermswithinthegroup?Athenewlaw,thebill,thedrugbill,theprescription-druglegislation,thelegislationBprescription-drugcoverage,thenewlaw,thedrugbill,theprescription-druglegislation,thelegislationCthedrugbill,thebill,Medicarewithprescription-drugcoverageadded,theprescription-druglegislation,thelegislationDthenewlaw,thebill,thedrugbill,Medicarewithadditionsincludingprescription-drugcoverage,theprescription-druglegislation【答案解析】是非題型。prescription-drugcoverage與其它術(shù)語不符，應(yīng)是Medicarewithprescription-drugcoverage。第16題DemocraticCongressmensuggestedthatthegovernmentshould________.AbeenthusiasticinprovidingadrugbenefittothepeopleBopposethenewlegislationwiththunderingprotestsCgivemor