英語(yǔ)│英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)閱讀理解(有難度)

英語(yǔ)│英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)閱讀理解(有難度)一、八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（含答案解析）1．閱讀理解Funwithshadowpuppetplays

Shadowpuppetplaysareanancientformofperformance.TheybeganinAsia,butnowareperformedallovertheworldandtheycanbeadapted（改編）totellanykindofstory.Inashadowpuppetshow,thepuppetscan'tbeseen.Onlytheirshadowscanbeseen.HowtopreparethestageAshadowpuppetstagecanbemadebyusingapieceofboard（木板）.●Cutoutanopeningfromthecentreoftheboard.●Covertheopeningwithapieceofwhitecloth.●Thepuppetshidebehindthewhitecloth.

Abrightlightissetupbehindthepuppets.Whenthelightbehindthepuppetsisturnedon,blackshadowsareshownonthewhitecloth.Whenthepuppetsmove,theshadowsmove.

⑴Chooseastorywithtwoorthreetalkingcharacters.⑵Drawtheshapeofeachpersonoranimalonapieceofblackposterboard.

Itwillbeeasytofollowthelinesifyoudrawthemwithawhitpencil.⑶Usescissorstocutoutthepuppetscarefully.⑷Makeadrinkingstraw（麥桿）connectedtothebackofeachpuppet.⑸Useittocontroleachpuppetacrossthestage.Haveafriendreadthestorywhileyoumovethepuppets.（1）Inwhichcountrymaytheshadowpuppetplaysbegin?A.

InGermany.

B.

InChina.

C.

InAmerica.

D.

InFrance.（2）Whydoweneedabrightlight?A.

Tohelppuppetpeoplelookbetter.

B.

Tomakethestageinteresting.C.

Tohelpmakeshadows.

D.

Toshowthattheshowhasstarted.（3）Whatcanbeputbackintotheblankinthepassage?A.

Makingshadowpuppetsisdifficult.

B.

Howtocutoutthepuppets.C.

Howthepuppetscanbeseen.

D.

Howtomakeshadowpuppets.（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.

Theaudienceseepuppetsinfrontofthestage.B.

Shadowsmoveaspeoplemoveonthewhitecloth.C.

Peopleusestrawstooperatethepuppets.D.

ShadowpuppetplaysbeganinAfrica.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文主要講述了皮影的起源，皮影的準(zhǔn)備和制造方法。（1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一個(gè)方框提到的TheybeganinAsia可知，皮影來(lái)自亞洲，而選項(xiàng)A,C,D都是西方國(guó)家，故選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二個(gè)方框提到的Whenthelightbehindthepuppetsisturnedon,blackshadowsareshownonthewhitecloth.

可知光使用來(lái)造影的，故選C。（3）主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三個(gè)方框，主要講述了皮影的制造方法，可知標(biāo)題為皮影的制造方法，故選D。（4）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三個(gè)方框提到的Makeadrinkingstrawconnectedtothebackofeachpuppet.可知用麥稈操作人物，故選C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種常考題型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。2．閱讀理解（1）Whichcountrydoesthispostcardcomefrom?A.

China.

B.

Canada.

C.

England.

D.

Australia.（2）HowdidTomgotoHolidayCove?A.

Byplane.

B.

Bytrain.

C.

Byship.

D.

Bycar.（3）WhydoesPeterwanttogototheaquarium（水族館）insteadofthecrocodilefarm?A.

Becausehehasvisiteditbefore.B.

Becauseheisafraidofcrocodiles.C.

Becauseheisinterestedindolphins.D.

Becausehehasnoticketstothecrocodilefarm.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：Tom假期去了澳大利亞，并且玩的開心，同時(shí)將要去水族館。（1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)明信片右邊的郵票上提到的Australia，可知明信片來(lái)自澳大利亞，故選D。（2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章提到的whenwelanded，可知他們坐飛機(jī)去的，故選A。（3）

細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章提到的Peterisscared，可知他害怕，所以不想去鱷魚館，故選B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查細(xì)節(jié)題，做此類題首先熟悉文章大意，熟悉問題，帶著問題到文章找出答案，即可。3．閱讀理解

Ifyoulovereadingbooks,youmustknowaboutthebookTheLittlePrince.It'safamousnovelwrittenbyaFrenchwriter.Asoneofthebest-sellingbooksinhistory,ithasbeensoldasmanyas200millioncopiesin253languagesanddialects（方言）.Now,aroundseventyyearsafterthebirthofthebook,anAmericandirectorhasfoundawaytomakeitintoa3-Danimatedfilm.

Thebooktellsthestoryofapilot,calledTheAviator,whocrashesintothedesertandmeetsayoungprincethere.However,inthefilm,thestorystartsyearsafterthecrashwhenTheAviatorismucholder.HehasgotanewneighborcalledTheLittleGirl,whosemotherwantshertogetreadytoenterthegrown-upworld.Slowly,TheAviatorshareshisstorywithTheLittleGirlbywritingitdownandsendingherapageatatime.Thepagesarecompletewiththepicturesinthebook,speakingabouthistimeinthedesertandtakingTheLittleGirltoanamazingworldwhereanythingispossible.

Chinaisthefirstcountryintheworldtoseethefilmintwoversions（版本）—inChineseandEnglish.ThefilmshowsTheLittleGirl'slifeandtellsTheLittlePrince'sstoryatthesametimeinabeautifulway.

HuangLei,afamousChineseactor,saysthefilmislikeachildhooddreamwhichislostbymostadultsinthisstressed-outsociety.

"Themosttouching（感人的）partisthateveryoneofuswasagood-naturedkidlikeTheLittlePrince,andit'sapitythatthisgoodcharacteristic（品質(zhì)）goesawayastimeflies,"hesays.（1）ThenovelTheLittlePrincewaswritteninthe_________.A.

1900s

B.

1940s

C.

1990s

D.

2010s（2）ThebookTheLittlePrinceisoneofthebestsellersinhistorybecause________.A.

youmustknowaboutitifyoulovereadingbooksB.

ittellsthestoryofTheLittlePrince'sstoryC.

ithasbeensoldasmanyas200millioncopiesin253languagesanddialectsD.

thedirectorhasmadeitintoa3Danimatedfilm（3）HowdoesTheLittleGirlgettoknowthestoryofTheLittlePrince?A.

ShereadsthepagesthatTheAviatorwritesandsendstoher.B.

Hermotherwantshertogetreadytoenterthegrown-upworld.C.

TheAviatortakeshertoanamazingworld.D.

ShemoveshomenexttoTheAviator.（4）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"good-natured"mean?A.

Kind

B.

Friendly

C.

Helpful

D.

Alltheabove（5）Accordingtothepassage,whichisHuangLei'sopinion?A.

Hedoesn'tbelievethegoodcharacteristicislostaswegrowolderinthisstressed-outsociety.B.

Hethinksallofusshouldkeepourbetternatureandneverletitdisappear.C.

Hefeelsexcitedbecausehecanseethefilmintwoversionsfirst.D.

Heandhisdaughtervoicethefilmtogether.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D（5）B【解析】【分析】本文介紹了TheLittlePrince這本書。（1）推理題。根據(jù)Now,aroundseventyyearsafterthebirthofthebook現(xiàn)在，在這本書誕生70年后，可知推測(cè)，小說(shuō)《小王子》是20世紀(jì)40年代寫的，故選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Asoneofthebest-sellingbooksinhistory,ithasbeensoldasmanyas200millioncopiesin253languagesanddialects作為歷史上最暢銷的書籍之一，它已經(jīng)以253種語(yǔ)言和方言售出了2億冊(cè)，可知《小王子》是歷史上最暢銷的書之一，因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)以253種語(yǔ)言和方言售出了2億冊(cè)，故選C。（3）推理題。根據(jù)HehasgotanewneighborcalledTheLittleGirl,whosemotherwantshertogetreadytoenterthegrown-upworld.Slowly,TheAviatorshareshisstorywithTheLittleGirlbywritingitdownandsendingherapageatatime他有了一個(gè)叫小女孩的新鄰居，她的媽媽希望她為進(jìn)入成人世界做好準(zhǔn)備。慢慢地，飛行員把他的故事寫下來(lái)，一次給小女孩發(fā)一頁(yè)，與她分享，可知她通過(guò)閱讀飛行員寫給她的頁(yè)面知道小王子的故事的，故選A。（4）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)good，好的，natured，天性，可知good-natured的意思是友善，樂于助人的，故A，B和C選項(xiàng)都對(duì)，故選D。（5）推理題。根據(jù)HuangLei,afamousChineseactor,saysthefilmislikeachildhooddreamwhichislostbymostadultsinthisstressed-outsociety中國(guó)著名演員黃磊說(shuō)，這部電影就像一個(gè)童年夢(mèng)想，在這個(gè)壓力重重的社會(huì)里，大多數(shù)成年人都失去了這個(gè)夢(mèng)想，可知黃磊的觀點(diǎn)是他認(rèn)為我們所有人都應(yīng)該保持我們更好的本性，永遠(yuǎn)不要讓它消失，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題，詞義猜測(cè)題，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息，詞義猜測(cè)題需要根據(jù)上下文提煉相關(guān)信息鎖定詞意。4．閱讀理解

Weallknowthatsmilingisakindofbodylanguage.Infact,itisnotjustabodylanguage.Italsohassomedifferentbenefits.Let'slearnaboutthebenefitsofsmiling.

Firstofall,smilingcanreducestress.Althoughit'snoteasytokeepsmilingwhenyouareinstressfulsituations,smilingcanreducestress.That'strue.Sometimes,smilingcanhelppeoplegetridofstress.Evenlisteningtoothers'laughterandseeingsmilingfacescanhelpyoukeepcalmandrelaxed.

Secondly,smilingisgoodforyourhealth.Forexample,itcanstrengthenyourimmune（消化）system.It'ssaidthatkeepingsmilingcanhelpyoufightagainstmanykindsofdiseases.That'swhyweoftenadvisesomepatientstobehappyandkeepsmiling.

Thirdly,smilingcanimproveyourmood.Nexttimeyouarefeelingdown,tryputtingonasmile.Andthenyourmoodwillchangeforthebetter.

Lastly,smilingcanhelpyoumakefriendseasily.Whenyousmileatothers,theyusuallyregardyouasapoliteandfriendlyperson.Thentheyarewillingtomakefriendswithyou.Therefore,nomatterwhathappens,pleasekeepsmilingeveryday.（1）Howmanybenefitsarementionedinthepassage?A.

Three

B.

Four

C.

Five

D.

Six（2）Whatdotheunderlinedwords"getridof"probablymeaninChinese?A.

增加

B.

升高

C.

消除

D.

替代（3）Accordingtothepassage,whatcanmakeyoufeelrelaxed?①listentoothers'laughter

②seesmilingfaces③strengthenyourimmunesystemA.

①③

B.

①②

C.

②③

D.

①②③（4）Afterreadingthepassage,weadvisesomepatientstokeepsmilingbecause___________.A.

itcanreducetheirstressB.

itisgoodfortheirhealthC.

itcanimprovetheirmoodD.

itcanhelpthemforgettheirdiseases（5）What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.

Benefitsofsmiling

B.

Waysofsmiling

C.

Smilinganddisease

D.

Smilingandhealth【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）B（4）B（5）A【解析】【分析】文章大意：這篇文章微笑講了是一種肢體語(yǔ)言。事實(shí)上，這不僅僅是一種肢體語(yǔ)言。它也有一些不同的好處：首先，微笑可以減輕壓力。其次，微笑對(duì)你的健康有好處。第三，微笑可以改善你的情緒。最后，微笑可以幫助你輕松交朋友。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)Firstofall,smilingcanreducestress.Secondly,smilingisgoodforyourhealth.Thirdly,smilingcanimproveyourmood.Lastly,smilingcanhelpyoumakefriendseasily.首先，微笑可以減輕壓力。其次，微笑對(duì)你的健康有好處。第三，微笑可以改善你的情緒。最后，微笑可以幫助你輕松交朋友，可知有四種，故選B。（2）詞義猜測(cè)題，根據(jù)Firstofall,smilingcanreducestress.首先，微笑可以減輕壓力，和Evenlisteningtoothers'laughterandseeingsmilingfacescanhelpyoukeepcalmandrelaxed.即使是聽別人的笑聲和看到微笑的臉，也能幫助你保持冷靜和放松，我們可以推斷出，這里是說(shuō)微笑可以幫助人們消除壓力，故選C。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)“Evenlisteningtoothers'laughterandseeingsmilingfacescanhelpyoukeepcalmandrelaxed.即使是聽別人的笑聲和看到微笑的臉，也能幫助你保持冷靜和放松。"可知讓人放松的有聽別人的笑聲和看到微笑的臉，故選B。（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)“smilingisgoodforyourhealth.Forexample,itcanstrengthenyourimmune（消化）system.It'ssaidthatkeepingsmilingcanhelpyoufightagainstmanykindsofdiseases.That'swhyweoftenadvisesomepatientstobehappyandkeepsmiling.微笑對(duì)你的健康有好處。例如，它可以增強(qiáng)你的免疫系統(tǒng)。據(jù)說(shuō)保持微笑可以幫助你對(duì)抗多種疾病。這就是為什么我們經(jīng)常建議一些病人要快樂并且保持微笑，故選B。（5）主旨大意題，根據(jù)文章大意微笑是一種肢體語(yǔ)言。事實(shí)上，這不僅僅是一種肢體語(yǔ)言。它也有一些不同的好處：首先，微笑可以減輕壓力。其次，微笑對(duì)你的健康有好處。第三，微笑可以改善你的情緒。最后，微笑可以幫助你輕松交朋友。主要寫了微笑的好處，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解題，本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、詞義猜測(cè)題、主旨大意題三種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要帶著問題在閱讀中尋找答案；詞義猜測(cè)題要抓住上下文，善于利用連接詞、代詞及詞性、同義詞、反義詞等進(jìn)行判斷選擇；主旨大意題要遵循“精、準(zhǔn)、全”正確地選取能包含文章的主要內(nèi)容及作者要表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)的選項(xiàng)。5．閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Inmostpartsoftheworld,manystudentshelptheirschoolsmakelesspollution.Theyjoinenvironmentclubs.Inanenvironmentclub,peopleworktogethertomakeourenvironmentclean.

Herearesomethingsstudentsoftendo.

No-rubbishlunches.Howmanylunchbagsdoyouthrowawayafterlunch?Environmentclubsaskstudentstobringtheirlunchesinbagsthatcanbeusedagain.Everyweektheywillchoosewhichclassesmaketheleastrubbishandreportthemtothewholeschool.

No-carday.Onano-carday,nobodycomestoschoolinacarincludingthestudentsandtheteachers.Carsgivepollutiontous,soremember:

Walk,jump,bike,orrun!

Useyourlegs!It'slotsoffun!

Turnoffthewater!Doyouknowthatsometoiletscanwastetwentytofortycubic（立方）metersofwateranhour?Inayear,thatwouldfillinasmallriver.Intheenvironmentclubs,studentsrepairthosebrokentoilets.

Weloveourenvironment.Let'sworktogethertomakeitbetter.（1）Environmentclubsaskstudents________.A.

toruntoschooleveryday

B.

totakeexerciseeverydayC.

nottohavelunchatschool

D.

tobringtheirlunchesinbagsthatcanbeusedagain（2）Fromthepassageweknowthestudentsusuallyhavelunch________.A.

atschool

B.

inshops

C.

inclubs

D.

athome（3）Onano-carday,________willtakeacartoschool.A.

bothstudentsandteachers

B.

onlystudentsC.

neitherstudentsnorteachers

D.

onlyteachers（4）Afterstudentsmendtoilets,theysave________.A.

asmallriver

B.

aclub

C.

alotofwater

D.

atoilet（5）Thewriterwrotethepassagetoaskstudentsto________.A.

cleanschools

B.

makelesspollution

C.

joinclubs

D.

helpteachers【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）C（5）B【解析】【分析】主要講了為了讓我們的環(huán)境整潔，學(xué)生加入環(huán)境俱樂部經(jīng)常做的一些事情。（1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Environmentclubsaskstudentstobringtheirlunchesinbagsthatcanbeusedagain.可知環(huán)境俱樂部讓學(xué)生們用可以再次使用的袋子帶午飯，故選D。（2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Environmentclubsaskstudentstobringtheirlunchesinbagsthatcanbeusedagain.Everyweektheywillchoosewhichclassesmaketheleastrubbishandreportthemtothewholeschool.可知環(huán)境俱樂部讓學(xué)生們用可以再次使用的袋子帶午飯，并且每周選出制造垃圾最少的班級(jí)，并且通報(bào)全新，可知學(xué)生在學(xué)校吃午飯，故選A。（3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)nobodycomestoschoolinacarincludingthestudentsandtheteachers.可知老師和學(xué)生都不坐車去上學(xué)，故選C。（4）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Doyouknowthatsometoiletscanwastetwentytofortycubic（立方）metersofwateranhour?可知一些廁所一小時(shí)浪費(fèi)20到40立方水，所以修理廁所會(huì)節(jié)約水，故選C。（5）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)manystudentshelptheirschoolsmakelesspollution.可知讓學(xué)生制造更少的污染，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。6．根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。

Hi,I'mAmy.I'mheretohelpyouwithanystudy-related（有關(guān)系的）problem,bigorsmall.Pleasesendmeamessageanytime.—Amy

Myproblemistime—Idon'thaveenoughtime.Nextmonth,Iwillhavetwelveexams.HowcanIpossiblystudyforallofthem?Ithinkit'sdifficultandimpossible.—Cindy

Hi,Cindy.Itisn'timpossiblebutyouhavetogetstartednow.Makeastudyplanandprepareforeachsubject.It'sbettertostudyforanhouradaythanjustonceaweek,allday.—Amy

Ishareabedroomandadeskwithmysister.Whenwestudyatthedesktogether,shedistracts（使分心）mebecausesheisnoisy.Itrytotalkwithheraboutit,butshegetsangry.Canyouhelpme?—Jane

Hi,Jane.Youandyoursistercanusethedeskatdifferenttimes.Youcantalkaboutitwithher.Oryoucanstudyattheschoollibraryafewtimesaweek.Ifit'seasiertowriteinsteadof（而不是）talkingfacetoface,trymessagingherandexplain（解釋）how

▲

youfeel.—Amy

I'msilly.Ijustfindithardtostudy.IalwaysstopandstartandIkeepgettingthefeelingthatI'mlearningwrongthings.Idon'tthinkyoucanreallyhelpme.—Liza

Liza,you'renotsillyatall!Lotsofstudentshavethesameexperienceasyou.Sometimesthingswillimproveifyoujoinastudygroup.Joinagroupandmeettwiceorthreetimesaweekafterschooltostudytogether.It'shelpfulforlotsofstudents.—Amy（1）WhatisCindy'sproblem?A.

Herteachersdon'tlikeher.B.

Herparentsdon'tunderstandher.C.

Shedoesn'twanttostudyforherexams.D.

Shedoesn'thaveenoughtimetostudyforherexams.（2）Wholivesinthesamebedroomwithhersister?A.

Amy.

B.

Cindy.

C.

Jane.

D.

Liza.（3）Thebestwordfor"▲"is"______".A.

terrible

B.

afraid

C.

lucky

D.

excited（4）WhatdoesAmythinkofLiza?A.

Sheissilly.

B.

Sheisnoisy.

C.

Shelearnsquickly.

D.

Shehasacommonproblem.（5）AmyadvisesLizato______.A.

makeaplanB.

joinastudygroupC.

talkwithherfriendsD.

studyintheschoollibrary【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A（4）D（5）B【解析】【分析】文章講訴了關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)熱線主持人艾米回答了森碟、簡(jiǎn)和麗莎關(guān)于各自的學(xué)習(xí)問題。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Idon'thaveenoughtime.Nextmonth,Iwillhavetwelveexams.可知是沒有足夠的時(shí)間為考試學(xué)習(xí)；故選D。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Ishareabedroomandadeskwithmysister.—Jane可知是簡(jiǎn)和妹妹共用房間；故選C。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)shedistracts（使分心）mebecausesheisnoisy.Itrytotalkwithheraboutit,butshegetsangry.Canyouhelpme?可知感覺多么糟糕；故選A。（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Lotsofstudentshavethesameexperienceasyou.可知是認(rèn)為麗莎的問題很正常；故選D。（5）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Sometimesthingswillimproveifyoujoinastudygroup.可知是建議她參加學(xué)習(xí)俱樂部；故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】此題考查閱讀理解。這篇閱讀理解是關(guān)于細(xì)節(jié)理解。對(duì)于細(xì)節(jié)理解題，需要在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，發(fā)現(xiàn)文章中的細(xì)節(jié)信息，然后遵循由整體到細(xì)節(jié)的原則，把握作者的思路，按全文——段落——詞語(yǔ)的步驟來(lái)解題。7．閱讀理解

Isstressfromworkorschoolmakingyousick?Ifso,youmaybelongtoagrowingnumberofpeoplesufferingfromseriousstress.Expertshavecalledtheproblemthe"BlackDeathofthe21stcentury."TheoriginalBlackDeathisestimated（據(jù)估計(jì)）tohavekilled25millionpeopleinEuropeinthe14thcentury.Whilenooneexpectsstresstobequitethatdeadly,itisstillaseriousmatter.

Arecentstudyhasshownthatstresscanaffectourabilitytogotowork.Stressisnowthenumberonereasonworkersstayhomesickfourcontinuous（不間斷）weeksormore.

Whathasledtothegrowingstressfeltintheworkplace?Thebadeconomicsituationisamajorreason.Recordnumbersoflayoffs（裁員）haveincreasedworkers'worryaboutlosingtheirjobs.Layoffshavealsoincreasedtheamountofworkworkersareexpectedtodo.Peoplethenworklongerhours,whichoftencreatesproblemsforthemathome,causingevenmorestress.

AccordingtoProfessorCaryCooper,writerofover120books,stressoftenleadstochangesinmannerofacting.Youmaynoticethatyou'rehavingahardtimecenteringaroundthings.Youmayfindyourselflosingyourtemper（脾氣）easily.Youmightevenseemtohavelostyoursenseofhumor.Otherstress-relatedproblemsincludedifficultyinsleeping,overeatingordrinkinginexcess.

Stressmustbemanagedbyworkersthemselvesandbythecompany.Workerscantakestepstomanagestress.Theycancreateasuitableplanandhavebreaksfromtimetotime.Bossescanhelpbyshowingworkersthattheiropinionsmaybeimportant.Theycanalsoallowworkerstohavesomesayindecisionsthatmattertheirjobs.

Everyoneshouldworktogethertolookforwaystocopewithon-the-jobstress.（1）Whatdoesthearticlepointoutaboutthe"BlackDeath"today?A.

Akindofseriousdisease.B.

Abadsocialsituationespeciallyinyourworkplace.C.

Arelationshipbetweenyouandyourboss.D.

Alonelyfeelingabouthowyoumakealiving.（2）Accordingtothepassage,ifyouhavebeenhomesickmorethanusual,thatmeans______.A.

youhavefailedtomanageyourworkB.

somethinggoeswrongwithyourbodyormindC.

stressmaybethemaincauseD.

youareexpectedtostayathometoimproveyourabilityforwork（3）Howdoyounoticethatyouhavehadtheproblemofstress?A.

Youmayspendtimewithfriendsandlovedones.B.

Youareworryingaboutlosingyourjob.C.

Yourbossgivesyouachancetoexpresssomethingvaluable.D.

Youareimpatientwithothers.（4）Amongallofthefollowingwords,whichofthetwowillyouchoosetodescribeparagraph3andparagraph4?①

Ways

②Signs

③Causes

④Habits

⑤ReviewsA.

⑤&②

B.

③&②

C.

⑤&④

D.

③&①【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文關(guān)注的是壓力問題，指出壓力會(huì)影響我們的工作能力，是員工連續(xù)四周或更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間生病在家的首要原因。文章分析了導(dǎo)致工作壓力越來(lái)越大的原因，描述了因壓力而導(dǎo)致的人們行為方式的改變，提出了緩解壓力的合理化建議，呼吁每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該一起努力尋找解決工作壓力的方法。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)開頭Isstressfromworkorschoolmakingyousick?Ifso,youmaybelongtoagrowingnumberofpeoplesufferingfromseriousstress.Expertshavecalledtheproblemthe"BlackDeathofthe21stcentury."，可知工作或?qū)W校的壓力會(huì)讓人得上"黑死病"，故選B。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Stressisnowthenumberonereasonworkersstayhomesickfourcontinuousweeksormore.壓力是員工連續(xù)四周或更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間生病在家的首要原因，可知如果生病在家的次數(shù)比平時(shí)多，說(shuō)明壓力很大，故選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)stressoftenleadstochangesinmannerofacting.聯(lián)系下文Youmaynoticethatyou'rehavingahardtimecenteringaroundthings.等原因，可知壓力常常會(huì)導(dǎo)致行為方式的改變，比如第四點(diǎn)Youareimpatientwithothers.故選D。（4）考查段意理解。①方式②標(biāo)志③原因④習(xí)慣⑤復(fù)習(xí)。根據(jù)第三段Whathasledtothegrowingstressfeltintheworkplace?Thebadeconomicsituationisamajorreason.，可知分析了導(dǎo)致壓力的原因（③Causes）；根據(jù)第四段AccordingtoProfessorCaryCooper,writerofover120books,stressoftenleadstochangesinmannerofacting.，可知列舉了有壓力問題的表現(xiàn)（②Signs），故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】此題考查閱讀理解。先從短文中直接找到細(xì)節(jié)理解題的問題的答案。對(duì)于段落大意，要仔細(xì)閱讀這個(gè)段落，根據(jù)段落的內(nèi)容確定段落大意。8．閱讀理解

HayaoMiyazaki（宮崎駿）wasborninTokyoonJanuary5,1941.Asaboy,helikedtoreadanddrawcartoons.Aftergraduatingfromuniversityin1963,MiyazakijoinedtheToeiAnimation（動(dòng)畫片制作）Company.AtToei,heworkedonmanyanimatedmovies,likethefamousPussinBoots.In1984,hemadeNausicaaoftheValleyoftheWind（《風(fēng)之谷》）,whichwasbasedonacomicbookhewrote.Becausethismoviewassosuccessful,Miyazakiwasabletostarthisownanimationcompany,StudioGhibli.

OneofMiyazaki'smostlovedmoviesisMyNeighbourTotoro（《龍貓》）,madein1988.Itisachildren'smovie,butmanyteenagersandadultslikeittoo.Themovieisabouttwosisterswhobecomefriendswithabigsupernatural（神奇的）animalnamedTotoro.Itisaverywarm-heartedstory,withmanystrangeandinterestingcharacterssuchasCatBus,acatwhichisalsoabus.Miyazaki's2001movie,SpiritedAway,wasevenmorepopularthanMyNeighbourTotoro.

AllofMiyazaki'smovieshavestrangebutcharmingpeopleandcreatures.Manyofhisstorieshappeninworldsthataredifferentfromours.However,theystillshowhisideasaboutreallife.Heoftenpointsouthowhumanshurtthenaturalworld.Hethinkspeopleshouldchangetheways.（1）Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.

ThemovieMyNeighbourTotoro.

B.

TheearlylifeofHayaoMiyazaki.C.

ThemostfamousmovieinJapan.

D.

TheworksofHayaoMiyazaki.（2）HowdidthesuccessofNausicaaoftheValleyoftheWindhelpMiyazaki?A.

Hewasabletostarthisowncompany.

B.

Hecouldsellacomicbook.C.

HecouldjoinToeiAnimationCompany.

D.

Hecouldworkonmoremovies.（3）Whichmovieis"CatBus"in?A.

NausicaaoftheValleyoftheWind.

B.

MyNeighbourTotoro.C.

PussinBoots.

D.

SpiritedAway.（4）WholikesMyNeighbourTotoro?A.

Teenagegirls.

B.

Children.

C.

Adults.

D.

A,B&C.（5）Accordingtothepassage,whyareMiyazaki'smoviessosuccessful?A.

Hismoviesarefunny.

B.

Hismoviesshowhisideasaboutreallife.C.

Hismovieshavestrangecreatures.

D.

Hewantstoprotecttheenvironment.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B（4）D（5）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介紹了宮崎駿的生平事跡及主要作品，以及他的作品給我們的啟示。（1）理解歸納題。通讀全文可知，此文主要介紹了宮崎駿的主要作品，故選D。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句In1984,hemadeNausicaaoftheValleyoftheWind（《風(fēng)之谷》）,whichwasbasedonacomicbookhewrote.Becausethismoviewassosuccessful,Miyazakiwasabletostarthisownanimationcompany,StudioGhibli.理解可知，由《風(fēng)之谷》改版的電影很成功，以至于宮崎駿成立了自己的工作室，故選A。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句OneofMiyazaki'smostlovedmoviesisMyNeighbourTotoro”,“Itisaverywarm-heartedstory,withmanystrangeandinterestingcharacterssuchasCatBus”理解可知貓巴士在電影我的鄰居托托羅里面，故選吧B。（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句

Itisachildren'smovie,butmanyteenagersandadultslikeittoo.

理解可知，MyNeighbourTotoro很受小朋友，年輕人以及成年人的喜愛，故選D。（5）理解推斷題。根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句Manyofhisstorieshappeninworldsthataredifferentfromours.However,theystillshowhisideasaboutreallife.

理解可知，宮崎駿的電影受歡迎的主要原因，就是反映現(xiàn)實(shí)生活，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。細(xì)讀各個(gè)問題，帶著問題瀏覽短文，抓住關(guān)鍵信息，選擇最佳答案。9．閱讀理解

We'ddrivenallnighttoreachSaltillo,Mexico.Wewerehungry,sowestoppedourcarbyadoorunderabigredCoca-Colasignandwentintothesmallrestaurantforbreakfast.Wesatdownatthetable.IgreetedthewaitressinSpanishandorderedsomecoffeeandeggs.Wealsoaskedanashtraybecauseallofussmoked.Thewaitressservedusandthenstoodatthekitchendoor,watchingus.WhileIwaseating,Isaidtomyfriendsthatthereweresofewpeopleeatinghere.Butherepliedthatthefoodwasdelicious.

Whenwefinishedourfood,Iaskedforourbill.Tooursurprise,thewaitressdidn'twanttogiveittous.Shesaidweweretravellersandshewashappytoserveus.IsaidthiswasbusinessandIwashappytopayforthedeliciousfood."No,sir,"shesaid."Thisisnotarestaurant--thisisourhome!"Whenwesteppedoutside,wefoundaCoco-Colasignhungovereverydoorway!（1）TheystoppedtheircarbyadoorunderabigredCoca-Colasignbecause

.A.

theywantedtogototheparkB.

somethingwaswrongwiththeircarC.

theygottotheirhomeD.

theywantedtohavebreakfast（2）Theunderlinedword"ashtray"means

inChinese.A.

杯子

B.

煙灰缸

C.

面盆

D.

毛巾（3）Fromthefirstparagraphweknowthat________.A.

thereweremanypeopleintherestaurantB.

thefoodwasbadC.

MexicanscouldunderstandSpanishD.

theydidn'tordereggsforbreakfast（4）Thewaitressdidn'twanttogivethegueststhehillbecause

.A.

sheknewtheyhadnomoneyB.

theywereherclosefriendsC.

theydidn'teatintherestaurantbutinherhomeD.

breakfastwasfreeinSaltiIlo,Mexico【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）C【解析】【分析】文章大意：本人主要講述了我們?cè)谀鞲绲穆飞橡I了，想吃早飯，就進(jìn)了一個(gè)門上掛著可口可樂招牌的餐館，在那里女主人熱情地招待了我們，等我們吃完飯要賬單的時(shí)候才發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們不是在餐館里吃的飯，而是在她家里吃的飯。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Wewerehungry,sowestoppedourcarbyadoorunderabigredCoca-Colasignandwentintothesmallrestaurantforbreakfast.可知他們停車是為了吃早飯，故選D。（2）猜測(cè)詞義題。根據(jù)后面becauseallofussmoked.因?yàn)槲覀兌嘉鼰?，可知ashtray應(yīng)該是煙灰缸的意思，故選B。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)IgreetedthewaitressinSpanishandorderedsomecoffeeandeggs.可知墨西哥人能聽懂西班牙語(yǔ)，故選C。（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"No,sir,"shesaid."Thisisnotarestaurant--thisisourhome!"可知，女主人不想給客人賬單是因?yàn)樗麄儾皇窃诓宛^里吃的飯，而是在她的家里，故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解題。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、詞義猜測(cè)題、推理判斷題常考題型，細(xì)節(jié)題要帶著問題在閱讀中尋找答案；詞義猜測(cè)題要抓住上下文，善于利用連接詞、代詞及詞性、同義詞、反義詞等進(jìn)行判斷選擇；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息。10．閱讀理解

Welcometo"ShareIdeas"!I'mTonyBrown.ThisisProfessorLiraHeisascientist.Hehasmanyexcitingideasaboutlifeinthefuture.Let'slistentowhathehastosay!

"Ithinkinthefuture,travellingwillbemuchcleanerandsafer.Mostcarswillrunonsolarenergy（太陽(yáng)能）.Therewillbelesspollution.Thecarswillbedrivenbycomp