山東省青島市黃島區(qū)黃島二中2025屆高三英語模擬檢測題四試題含解析

PAGE28-山東省青島市黃島區(qū)黃島二中2025屆高三英語模擬檢測題四試題（含解析）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題。從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話讀一遍。1.Howlongwillthemanhavetowaitforthepostofficetoopen?A.15minutes.B.10minutes.C.20minutes.2.Whatisthemangoingtododuringthesummervacation?A.Gocamping.B.Visithisparents.C.VisithisfriendsinLondon.3.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Complaining.B.Apologizing.C.Arguing.4.Whydidthewomancall?A.ToasktoborrowsomeCDs.B.ToaskwhetherBillcancometotheparty.C.Topassonsomeinformationabouttheparty.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Customerandwaitress.其次節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatisLindafamousfor?A.Painting.B.Traveling.C.Collectingstones.7.Whatistheman’sopinionofLinda’sstones?APriceless.B.Impressive.C.Imaginative.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Wheredoesthisdialoguetakeplace?A.Inthepolicestation.B.Atthewoman’shouse.C.Inthestreet.9.Whatdidthewomandowhenthethiefranaway?A.Sheranafterhim.B.Sheshoutedloudly.C.Shecalledthepolice.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whendidthetwospeakerslastmeet?A.Eightmonthsago.B.Twoyearsago.C.Threeyearsago.11.WhatdidthewomandowhenshewasinChina?A.Shewasajournalist.B.Shewasaneditor.C.Shewasacomputerprogrammer.12.Wheredoesthewomancomefrom?A.Canada.B.China.C.Britain.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whywouldthemanprefertorentanapartmentneartheelementaryschool?A.Heteachesthere.B.Heoncelivedthere.C.Hissonstudiesthere.14.Whichpricewouldthemanprefer?A.﹩480B.﹩550C.﹩60015.Whichkindofapartmentwouldthemanprefer?A.Anemptyone.B.Onewithfurnitureinit.C.Onewithoutakitchen.16.Whatcanyoulearnfromtheconversation?A.Thewomanlostthekeystothetwoapartments.B.Themanmighttakealookatthetwoapartments.C.Themanisn’tinterestedineitherofthetwoapartments.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhodesignedtheWhiteHouse?A.GeorgeWashington.B.JohnAdams.C.JamesHoban.18.WhowerethefirstpeopletoliveintheWhiteHouse?A.JohnAdamsandhiswife.B.GeorgeWashingtonandhiswife.C.ThethirdpresidentoftheUSandhiswife.19.HowmanyroomsdoestheWhiteHousehave?A.123B.132C.23220.What’sthespeakerdescribing?A.ThehistoryoftheWhiteHouse.B.ThestructureoftheWhiteHouse.C.SomepresidentswhohavelivedintheWhiteHouse.其次部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ALookingforwork?TutorsWanted:Math/Science/Humanities+TestPrepJobOverview:JOBPOSTED:2daysagoWAGE:$27–30perhourJOBTYPE:ParttimeSCHEDULE:Afternoons,evenings,weekdays,weekendsJobDescription:We’relookingfortutorstojoinusbeforethenextschoolyearstarts.Ouridealcandidate(候選人)willbeabletoassistmiddleandhighschoolstudentswithtestpreparationandacademicworkinmath,scienceand/orthehumanities(人文學(xué)科).We’llpayforyourtrainingbeforethisfallandcanalsoofferflexiblesummertutoringopportunities(includingthechancetoteachgroupclasses).OnceourfallsemesterstartsonAug21,we’llhaveevenhigherdemandfortutoringsessionsonSundaysfrom12–8pmaswellasfrom3–9pmMonday–Thursday.Whatweoffer:●Flexiblescheduling.Tutorsworkfrom15to30+hoursperweekdependingonavailabilityandstudentdemand.●FreeSundaydinnersduringtheacademicyear.●Funstaffgatherings.●Healthinsurancereimbursement(醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)報(bào)銷)forstaffworkingover30hoursperweek.●Wearefiveminutes’walkingdistancefromtheMenloParkCaltrainstation.Applicantsmust:●Beabletoshowmastery(精通)ofthesubjectstheytutor.●Bewillingtotutorstudentsthroughthefullacademicyear.Applicationinstructions:●Emailusyourresume.●TelluswhyyouwanttojoinAcademicTrainersanddescribeyourexperienceoftutoringstudents(ifyouhaveany).●Letusknowyourschedulingpreferencesandpotentialstartdate.●Telluswhichofthesubjectsyouareabletotutor–Mathematics,Sciences,Humanities,orForeignLanguage.1.Whichperiodoftimeneedsthemosttutorsduringtheacademicyear?A.Weekdaymornings.B.Sundayafternoonsandevenings.C.Fridayafternoonsandevenings.D.SaturdayandSundaymornings.2.Atutorwhoworksmorethan30hoursperweekcanenjoy______.A.freejobtrainingeverymonthB.freelunchesanddinnersduringtheacademicyearC.healthinsurancereimbursementD.accommodationnearMenloParkCaltrainstation3.Accordingtothetext,theidealcandidate______.A.isgoodatoneormoreacademicsubjectsB.willworkeveryeveningthroughouttheacademicyearC.hastheopportunitytobecomeafull-timetutorD.musthaveprevioustutoringexperience【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【分析】本文為應(yīng)用文。本文對(duì)聘請(qǐng)家教的工作性質(zhì)、要求、條件及申請(qǐng)方式進(jìn)行了具體的介紹?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Jobdescripion中的“OnceourfallsemesterstartsonAug21,we’llhaveevenhigherdemandfortutoringsessionsonSundaysfrom12–8pmaswellasfrom3–9pmMonday–Thursday”一旦秋季學(xué)期在8月21日起先，我們的家教課程將有更高的要求，周日下午從12——8點(diǎn)，以及周一至周四下午從3——9【2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Whatweoffer部分中包含的信息“HealthinsHealthinsurancereimbursement(醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)報(bào)銷)forstaffworkingover30hoursperweek.”可知，每周工作時(shí)間超過30小時(shí)的員工報(bào)銷醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)。故選C?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)Applicantsmust部分中的“Beabletoshowmasteryofthesubjectstheytutor”能精通所輔導(dǎo)科目。分析選項(xiàng)可知A項(xiàng)（擅長一門或多門學(xué)科），故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】新聞廣告類材料是高考熱門考題。其文句簡練，信息量大，句式運(yùn)用簡潔，表達(dá)方式多樣，但閱讀這類題目也是有規(guī)律可循的。此類文章主要考查學(xué)生提取信息和處理信息的實(shí)力。既留意特定細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)的篩選、類比、綜合，又留意推理推斷題的考查。題目設(shè)置相對(duì)較易。答題時(shí)沒有必要弄清每一句話，只要重點(diǎn)理解和題目有關(guān)的信息就可以了。做這類題時(shí)沒有必要閱讀全文。宜采納“倒序法”來處理。即先看問題，后看文章內(nèi)容，略讀問題和選項(xiàng)，帶著問題閱讀。這樣在閱讀中有重點(diǎn)，有針對(duì)性地讀，冗余無效的信息可略讀甚至是不讀。如第2小題，依據(jù)題目“Atutorwhoworksmorethan30hoursperweekcanenjoy______.”定位于Whatweoffer部分中包含的信息“HealthinsHealthinsurancereimbursement(醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)報(bào)銷)forstaffworkingover30hoursperweek.”可知，每周工作時(shí)間超過30小時(shí)的員工報(bào)銷醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)。故選C。BYoushouldseethephoto.I’msittinginreddirt,wearinganuglypurpleT-shirt.Myfaceispinkandmyhairiswetwithsweat.Fliesbuzzaroundmyhead.I’mintheOutbackofAustralia’sNorthwestTerritory,onaschooltripwith20parentsand20kids.Itwasanoddchoiceforaholiday.Ilikesittingbythepoolwithacola,notfliesandfrogs.Ilikebeingaloneandquiet,notabusloadofkids.Ilikefreshlywashedsheets,notdirty-lookingblankets.Buthere’sthethingaboutthatphoto:Iamsmiling!ThetripsoundedgoodwhenIsignedup.Guideswouldtakeusintotheheartoftheplace,andIwouldseeanewpartofAustralia,learnaboutlocalcultureandbondwithmyyoungestdaughter.Iwouldalsobondwith40strangers.Ijusthopedtherewouldbegoodcoffee.InDarwinwewereherdedontoabus.Itquicklybecametiresome.ThekidswereloudandIhatemakingsmalltalk.Butlater,whenIlookedoutatthevast,emptyland,Iwassurprisedatandmovedbyitsbeauty.Ourguidetoldusaboutthelandandhisculture.Ifeltfarfromhome.Atanationalpark,weenjoyedanaturalswimminghole.Kidsandparentshadagreattime.Thenwegottotheoutback.ThecabinIsharedwithmydaughterwasabrickcell,fullofgeckos(壁虎)andcrickets(蟋蟀),buttoodarktoseethem.Itdidn’tmatter.Thenextninedayswerepacked:waterfalls,lakes,communityvisitsandatriparoundKatharineGorge.Weevensawgiantcrocodilesandbabywallabies.Onourlastnight,awaterpipebroke.Weawoketoamess.Usually,Iwouldhavecomplainedandaskedforarefund,butitjustseemednormaltobedirty.Indeed,itwasimpossibletostayclean.Wewerehikinginreddirt,withtemperaturesof35degrees.Still,IfeltakindofenergyIhadn’texperiencedinyears.Yes,thecoffeewasbad,butIwastoofocusedonkeepingcricketsoffmyface.Ilovethatphotoofmeinthedirt.Ilookmessy,butalsohappy.Sometimes,it’sanotherwayoftraveling.Thereisbeautifulscenery,thereisdirt.Therewasalwayssomeonetotalkto,someonetolaughwith.4.Whatweretheauthor’sprevioustripslike,accordingtothearticle?A.Cheap.B.Adventurous.C.Peacefulandcomfortable.D.Packedwithoutdooractivities.5.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’stripwithherdaughter?A.Theirjourneywasrelaxingwithouttoomuchsightseeing.B.Theirlivingconditionswerefairlypoorduringthetrip.C.Thesceneryonthetripdisappointedthem.D.Theparentsseemedtoenjoythemselvesmorethanthechildren.6.Howdidtheauthorfeelduringthelaterpartofthetrip?A.Impatient. B.Positive.C.Disappointed. D.Exhausted.7.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthisarticle?A.Towarnreaderstochoosetheirtripswisely.B.Tosharethebenefitsoftravelingwithchildren.C.Totellaboutherlatesttripandexplainwhatshelearnedfromit.D.Toshowtheadvantagesofgoingtodifferentplaces.【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.C【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了作者最近的一次旅行，這次不像她之前的旅行那么寧靜、輕松，她學(xué)會(huì)了享受旅行過程中的快樂并說明她從中學(xué)到了什么?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Ilikesittingbythepoolwithacola,notfliesandfrogs.Ilikebeingaloneandquiet,notabusloadofkids.Ilikefreshlywashedsheets,notdirty-lookingblankets.”可知，“我”喜愛坐在泳池邊喝可樂，不喜愛蒼蠅和青蛙?！拔摇毕矏垡粋€(gè)人寧靜，不喜愛一車的孩子。我喜愛剛洗過的床單，而不是臟兮兮的毯子。由此可推知，作者之前的旅行較為寧靜、輕松的。故選C項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第七段其次句“ThecabinIsharedwithmydaughterwasabrickcell,fullofgeckos(壁虎)andcrickets(蟋蟀),buttoodarktoseethem.”以及下文可知，“我”和女兒共用的小屋是一個(gè)磚砌的牢房，里面滿是壁虎和蟋蟀，但是太黑了看不見它們。由此可推知，旅行期間作者和女兒的生活條件相當(dāng)差。故選B項(xiàng)。6題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段其次句“Usually,Iwouldhavecomplainedandaskedforarefund,butitjustseemednormaltobedirty.”和倒數(shù)第三段最終一句“Still,IfeltakindofenergyIhadn’texperiencedinyears.”可知，作者在旅行的后期感到樂觀。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。通讀全文，尤其最終一段內(nèi)容可知，作者在本文講解并描述了她最近的一次旅行，這次不像她之前的旅行那么寧靜、輕松，學(xué)會(huì)了享受旅行過程中的快樂并說明她從中學(xué)到了什么。故選C項(xiàng)。CEachcountryhasitsownsecrettohappiness.If“pyt”,whichmeans“don’tworryaboutitandstuffhappens”,explainstherelaxedattitudeofDanishpeople,“niksen”willrevealhowDutchpeoplecombat(對(duì)抗)stressandburnout(倦怠)inafast-pacedlifestyle.Theterm“niksen”originsfromtheDutchword“niks”,whichrefersto“nothing”.Mindfulness,anotherwelcomesubjecttohelppeoplehaveapeacefulmind.Butunlikemindfulness,niksenisnotaboutconcentratingonthepresentmoment.It’saboutlettingyourselfdonothing,andallowingyourmindtorunfreewithoutexpectation.Inpractice,thismeans“hangingaround,lookingatyoursurroundings,orlisteningtomusicaslongasit’swithoutpurpose,”accordingtoTimeMagazine.Niksensoundscontrary(沖突的)totheadvicewewereallgivenaskids.Nowadays,we’reconstantlytoldtostaybusyandworkharderthaneveryoneelse.Butniksenopposesthatmentality(心態(tài)).Itoffersthechanceto“deliciouslydonothing”,asCarolienHamming,acoachatCSRCentrum,anorganizationdevotedtofightingstressandburnoutintheNetherlands,toldTime.Shethinksthatniksenisessential(重要的)tostayinghealthy,sinceit’saformofmentalrelaxationandhealing(治愈).Justasawildanimalliesinwaitfortheirprey(獵物),niksenseemstobeanaturalstateofbeing.Forsomepeople,niksencanmeanmorethanjuststressreduction.It’salsoawaytoimaginenewideasorplans.Asanearlyadopterofniksen,JennyHolden,acommunicationsexpertintheUK,addsittoherdailylunchbreaks.“Within10minutesofdoingnothing–juststaringandlisteningtomyself–myheadbegantoclearandsortoutmyworkandhometo-dolists,”shetoldtheMetroUK.Aboveall,niksenisasuggestionforbalancingworkandrest.AsDutch-bornwriterOglaMeckingwroteinUS-basedWhoollyMagazine,niksenisthe“thoroughenjoymentoflife’spauses”.Everyoneisencouragedtoembraceyourniksenmoments.Theyrevitalize(使復(fù)原元?dú)?youandgiveyouthestrengthneededtofaceeverydaychallenges.8.Whatdoesniksenmeans?A.Livinginthemoment.B.Beingfreeanddoingnothing.C.Usingyourwildestimagination.D.Leadingahealthylifestyle.9.Holden’sexampleistoshow_____.A.niksencanshortenthedistancebetweenpeopleB.howniksenimprovesone’smentalhealthC.nikseniscloselyrelatedtostressreductionD.niksenhelpspeoplecomeupwithnewthoughts10.Theunderlinedword“thorough”isclosestinmeaningto_____.A.longB.fullC.unexpectedD.quiet11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.AnintroductiontotheDutchlifestyle.B.Suggestionsonhowtobalanceworkandrest.C.Theimportanceofallowingtimetopauselife.D.AnexplanationofsomeDanishwordsaboutlifeattitudes.【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.A【解析】本文為說明文。主要介紹了荷蘭人在快節(jié)奏的生活中對(duì)抗壓力和倦怠的一種生活方式“niksen”，即逍遙自由地享受生活，什么也不做?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“it'saboutlettingyourselfdonothing,andallowingyourmindtorunfreewithoutexpectation”“niksen”是讓你自己什么都不做，讓你的大腦沒有任何期盼地自由運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；和第三段thismeans“hangingaround,lookingatyoursurroundings,orlisteningtomusicaslongasit’swithoutpurpose,”這意味著“閑逛，四處看看，或者聽斬音樂，只要沒有目的就行”。由此可知，“niksen”指的是自由而無所事事。分析選項(xiàng)可知，B（Beingfreeanddoingnothing）符合題意，故選B?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第六段Forsomepeople,niksencanmeanmorethanjuststressreduction.It’salsoawaytoimaginenewideasorplans.JennyHolden,acommunicationsexpertintheUK,addsittoherdailylunchbreaks.“Within10minutesofdoingnothing–juststaringandlisteningtomyself–myheadbegantoclearandsortoutmyworkandhometo-dolists,...”對(duì)一些人來說，niksen不僅僅意味著減壓。它也是一種想象出新的想法或安排的方式。英國的溝通專家JennyHolden是niksen的早期運(yùn)用者，她把它加入到自己每天的午餐休息時(shí)間?！霸跓o所事事的10分鐘內(nèi)——只是盯著自己，聽自己說話——我的頭腦起先變得清晰，起先整理我的工作和家庭待辦事項(xiàng)?！薄Ｓ纱丝赏茢喑?，Holden的例子是為了證明niksen有助于人們產(chǎn)生新的想法，故D正確。A選項(xiàng)文章未提及；B和C不是Holden的例子想表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)。故選D。【10題詳解】揣測詞義題。文章多處出現(xiàn)“niksen”的定義，如其次段“it’saboutlettingyourselfdonothing,andallowingyourmindtorunfreewithoutexpectation”可知，“niksen”讓你自己什么都不做，讓你的大腦不受期盼地自由運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。和第三段thismeans“hangingaround,lookingatyoursurroundings,orlisteningtomusicaslongasit’swithoutpurpose,”這意味著“閑逛，看看四周的環(huán)境，或者聽音樂，只要沒有目的就行”。由此可知，“niksen”指的是自由而無所事事。結(jié)合全文可知，niksen就是指讓人們的精神達(dá)到一種自由放松的狀態(tài)，完全放空自己，什么也不做。所以第六段劃線詞所在的句子niksenisthe“thoroughenjoymentoflife’spauses”可知，“niksen”就是完全徹底地享受短暫不工作的生活。故“thorough”即為“完全的，徹底的”。分析選項(xiàng)A.long許久的；B.full完全的；C.unexpected意料之外的；D.quiet寧靜的?？芍狟項(xiàng)符合題意，故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段的“niksen”willrevealhowDutchpeoplecombat(對(duì)抗)stressandburnout(倦怠)inafast-pacedlifestyle.和下文內(nèi)容可推斷，文章主要介紹了niksen這一荷蘭式的生活方式的特點(diǎn)，及其帶給人們的好處。分析選項(xiàng)可知A項(xiàng)（荷蘭生活方式介紹）符合題意，故選A。DFriendshipisanimportantpartofhumanlife.Friendscanshareourjoysandourhardships.Wearen’talone.Manydifferentanimalsalsomakefriends.Recently,aBritishresearchteamfinishedaneight-yearstudyofIndo-PacificdolphinsoffthecoastofWesternAustralia.Thesedolphinscanusedifferenttoolstosearchforfood.Theresearchersfoundthatthesedolphinsaremorewillingtohangoutwithpartnersthatlikethesametool.Otherfactors,likefamilyclosenessorsex,havenoimpactonthisrelationship.“Itsuggeststhatdolphinsformsocialbonds(紐帶)basedonsharedinterests,”UKbiologistSimonAllentoldScienceDaily.“Usingdifferenttoolsistime-consuming(耗時(shí)間的)”fordolphinstocooperate.Apartfromdolphins,elephants,horsesandbatsarealsoknowntoformfriendships.Arefriendshipsonlylimitedtothesamespecies?Ofcoursenot,TheAtlanticreported.In2024,agoatTimurwasoriginallyleftinthetigerAmur’senclosure(圍場)asameal.ButinsteadofeatingTimur,Amurlikestoplaywithitandgetsjealouswhenothersareclosetohisfriend.TheAtlanticsaidit’snotunusualamongcaptive(圈禁的)animals.That’sbecauseincaptivity,animalsdon’tneedtospendmuchtimeandenergymarkingtheirterritory(領(lǐng)地)orlookingformatesthewaytheywouldinthewild.Theyareactuallymorelikelytofeelbored.“Inthisparticularsituation,theanimal’smotivationtoengage(參加)sociallyandplayfullymaybehigherthaneating.”Moreinterestingly,animalsnotonlymakefriendsbutalsotrytokeeplastingfriendships.Takebatsforexample.In2011,scientistsfoundbatsprefertohangoutwithafewcertainfriends,keepingloosetiestotherestoftheirgroup.Humansaren’tsodifferent.“Wedonotwork,playandlivetogetherwiththesamefriendsallthetime,”SwisszoologistGeraldKerthexplained.“Butnevertheless,weareabletomaintainlong-termrelationships…despiteouroftenhighlydynamic(動(dòng)態(tài)的)sociallives.”12.WhatdidtherecentBritishresearchfindaboutdolphins?A.Theyformfriendshipsbasedonfamilycloseness.B.Theyarelikelytomakefriendsbasedoninterests.C.Theyarebetteratbuildingfriendshipsthanotheranimals.D.Theyformagrouptohuntfoodtogether.13.What’sthemainpurposeofParagraph6?A.Toshowhowdifferentspeciesgetalongwitheachother.B.Toprovecaptiveanimalsarefriendlierthanothers.C.Toexplainwhycaptiveanimalscanformfriendships.D.Tocomparethedifferencebetweenatigerandagoat’sfriendship.14.WhatcanweinferfromGeraldKerth’swords?A.Animalsliketohangoutwithdifferentfriends.B.Animalsmightfeelboredwithfriendsofthesamespecies.C.Humansarebetteratkeepinglong-termbondsthananimals.D.Humansandanimalsmakeandmaintainfriendshipsinsimilarways.15.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.Howtobuildstrongtieswithyourfriends.B.Howanimalsformandkeepfriendship.C.Theimportanceoffriendshipforanimals.D.Thedifferentwayshumansandanimalssocialize.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.B【解析】【分析】本文為說明文。文章主要介紹了動(dòng)物如何交摯友。【12題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Theresearchersfoundthatthesedolphinsaremorewillingtohangoutwithpartnersthatlikethesametool”探討人員發(fā)覺，這些海豚更情愿和喜愛相同工具的伙伴一起玩。以及第三段“Itsuggeststhatdolphinsformsocialbonds(紐帶)basedonsharedinterests,”這表明海豚在共同愛好的基礎(chǔ)上形成了社會(huì)關(guān)系。由此可推斷出海豚交摯友很可能是以愛好為基礎(chǔ)的。故選B。【13題詳解】推理推斷題。文章的第五段講的是一項(xiàng)好玩的發(fā)覺，老虎和山羊在圍場的時(shí)候，老虎沒有吃掉山羊，反而一起玩耍了起來，形成了友情。第六段中的TheAtlanticsaidit’snotunusualamongcaptive(圈禁的)animals.That’sbecauseincaptivity,animalsdon’tneedtospendmuchtimeandenergymarkingtheirterritory(領(lǐng)地)orlookingformatesthewaytheywouldinthewild.Theyareactuallymorelikelytofeelbored.“Inthisparticularsituation,theanimal’smotivationtoengage(參加)sociallyandplayfullymaybehigherthaneating.”《大西洋月刊》說這在圈養(yǎng)動(dòng)物中并不罕見。因?yàn)楸磺艚膭?dòng)物不須要花太多的時(shí)間和精力爭奪領(lǐng)地或不會(huì)像在野外那樣花太多的時(shí)間找尋伴侶。他們事實(shí)上更簡潔感到無聊?！霸谶@種特殊狀況下,動(dòng)物的動(dòng)機(jī)是參加到社交中，或許更情愿玩而不是吃。”由此可知，第6段是對(duì)第五段的圈養(yǎng)動(dòng)物中的友情這種現(xiàn)象背后緣由的說明，尤其是“That’sbecause”。由此可推斷出第六段是說明為什么圈養(yǎng)動(dòng)物可以建立友情。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)前文內(nèi)容以及最終一段Humansaren’tsodifferent.“Wedonotwork,playandlivetogetherwiththesamefriendsallthetime,”SwisszoologistGeraldKerthexplained.“Butnevertheless,weareabletomaintainlong-termrelationships…despiteouroftenhighlydynamic(動(dòng)態(tài)的)sociallives.”人類與動(dòng)物也沒有那么多不同。瑞士動(dòng)物學(xué)家杰拉爾德·克思說明說：“我們不總是和同一個(gè)摯友一起工作、玩耍和生活?！盙eraldKerth說，“盡管如此，我們還是能夠保持長期的關(guān)系……盡管我們的社會(huì)生活常常充溢活力?！笨芍?，從GeraldKerth的話中可推斷出，動(dòng)物與人一樣都喜愛交摯友，且都情愿維持長期的友情。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。文章第一段最終一句“Manydifferentanimalsalsomakefriends.”很多不同的動(dòng)物也交摯友。接著下文主要介紹了動(dòng)物如何交摯友，以及動(dòng)物交摯友背后的緣由。通讀本文可知，文章主要介紹了動(dòng)物如何交摯友，故B項(xiàng)正確。故選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】每一篇文章都會(huì)有它的主旨大意。此題型要求考生在理解文章后歸納文章的要點(diǎn)，概括全文的中心思想。找出主題句，抓住文章主線和關(guān)鍵詞語，歸納文章中心。要留意不是全部的段落都有主題句，有時(shí)主題句暗含在句中。閱讀這樣的文章，就須要自己依據(jù)文章的細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)來分析，概括出段落的主題，從而推導(dǎo)出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清該段落主要講了哪幾方面的內(nèi)容，這些內(nèi)容在邏輯上有什么聯(lián)系，然后加以歸納形成主題。如第4小題屬于主旨大意題。文章第一段最終一句“Manydifferentanimalsalsomakefriends.”很多不同的動(dòng)物也交摯友。接著下文主要介紹了動(dòng)物如何交摯友，以及動(dòng)物交摯友背后的緣由。通讀本文可知，文章主要介紹了動(dòng)物如何交摯友，故B項(xiàng)正確。故選B。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Beforeyoureadthisstory,let’stakealookatasentence:“研表究明，漢字序順并不定一影閱響讀?！盻___16____Youmightnotrealizeit,butyourbraincanreadandunderstandmostsentences,evenwhenthewordsareinthewrongorder.Thismayhavesomethingtodowithpsychology.Whenwe’refirstlearninghowtoread,wereadwordbyword.____17____Peoplecanreadfivetosixwordsatonetime.Also,asexperiencedreaders,wetakethethingswe’refamiliarwithforgranted.Wedon’tpayasmuchattentiontosmalldetails,suchaswordorder.Therefore,whenwereadthesentenceatthebeginningofthisarticle,thecontentwasfamiliartous.Sowereaditthewaywethinkitshouldbeinourmemory,withallthewordsintherightorder.____18____Weassumethepersonisagirlwithouttakingacloserlook.____19____Readthefollowingsentence:“Thisisbcuseaethehuamnmniddeosnotraederveylteterbyistlef,butthewordasawlohe.”Itisbelievedthathumansrememberthemeaningsofwordsmostlybytheirshapeandlayout(布局),ratherthantheorderoftheletters.____20____Wecannotreadthemasquicklyandefficientlyaswereadnormaltext.A.Thiscanbealsoseeninmanyotherlanguages,suchasEnglish.B.Didyounoticethatsomeofthecharactersinthissentenceareinthewrongorder?C.Insomecases,wordorderchangesthemeaningofthesentencecompletely.D.Butafterwebecomemoreexperienced,wereadinfullphrasesandevensentences.E.However,thesesentencescancauseproblems.F.Thisislikewhenweseeapersonwithlonghair.G.Itismoredifficultforyoungerreaderstounderstandthesesentences.【答案】16.B17.D18.F19.A20.E【解析】文章是一篇說明文。主要敘述了即使在文字依次錯(cuò)誤的狀況下，我們也能閱讀和理解句子及文章的框架?！?6題詳解】依據(jù)空格前...asentence:“研表究明，漢字序順并不定一影閱響讀?！笨芍@句句中的漢語的依次是錯(cuò)誤的。以及空格后“Youmightnotrealizeit,”或許你沒有意識(shí)到。由此可推斷出空格處是問這個(gè)句子的依次不對(duì)，你有沒有留意到？分析選項(xiàng)可知B項(xiàng)Didyounoticethatsomeofthecharactersinthissentenceareinthewrongorder?（你留意到這句話中有些字的依次不對(duì)嗎？）符合題意，故選B?！?7題詳解】依據(jù)空格前“Whenwe’refirstlearninghowtoread,wereadwordbyword.”當(dāng)我們第一次學(xué)習(xí)閱讀時(shí)，我們是逐字逐句地閱讀。以及空格后“Also,asexperiencedreaders,wetakethethingswe’refamiliarwithforgranted.Wedon’tpayasmuchattentiontosmalldetails,suchaswordorder.”人們一次可以讀5到6個(gè)單詞。而且，作為有閱歷的讀者，我們把我們熟識(shí)的東西視為天經(jīng)地義。我們不太留意小細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)，比如詞序?？芍鹣葲]有閱歷，逐字逐句地讀，以后有了閱歷就能讀更多的單詞，甚至句子。由此可知D項(xiàng)Butafterwebecomemoreexperienced,wereadinfullphrasesandevensentences.（但當(dāng)我們變得更有閱歷之后，我們會(huì)讀完整的短語甚至句子）符合題意，故選D?！?8題詳解】依據(jù)空格前“Sowereaditthewaywethinkitshouldbeinourmemory,withallthewordsintherightorder.”我們依據(jù)自己認(rèn)為的存在記憶中應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)姆绞介喿x，把全部的單詞按正確的依次排列。由此可推斷出我們是按記憶中我們認(rèn)為的方式去理解的。結(jié)合空格后的“Weassumethepersonisagirlwithouttakingacloserlook.”我們沒有細(xì)致看，就假設(shè)這個(gè)人是女孩。依據(jù)我們記憶中的想法可能依據(jù)長頭發(fā)的應(yīng)當(dāng)是女孩。分析選項(xiàng)可知F項(xiàng)Thisislikewhenweseeapersonwithlonghair（就像我們看到一個(gè)長頭發(fā)的人），故選F?！?9題詳解】依據(jù)空格后“Thisisbcuseaethehuamnmniddeosnotraederveylteterbyistlef,butthewordasawlohe.”可知這也是一句不按單詞依次寫的一句英語。但我們也基本能懂。由此可知，單詞或字母依次并不確定影響閱讀的狀況在其他的語言中也能看到，如英語。分析選項(xiàng)可知A項(xiàng)Thiscanbealsoseeninmanyotherlanguages,suchasEnglish（這在很多其他語言中也可以看到，例如英語）符合題意，故選A。【20題詳解】依據(jù)空格的“Wecannotreadthemasquicklyandefficientlyaswereadnormaltext.”我們無法像閱讀一般文本那樣快速有效地閱讀它們。可知，這些句子還是會(huì)造成問題的。分析選項(xiàng)可知E項(xiàng)However,thesesentencescancauseproblems（然而，這些句子會(huì)引起問題）符合題意，故選E。第三部分語言學(xué)問運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Ring!Ring!Ring!ItwasearlyinthemorningandIknewwhowas___21___asIreachedforthetelephone.Iwasanewsubstituteteacher(代課老師)tryingtoearnenoughmoneyto___22___myfamily.Eachmorning,I___23___foracallthatwouldtakemetoadifferentclassroom.Thelastthreeclasseshadallbeendeterminedto___24___meandseejusthowmuchbadbehaviortheycouldgetawaywith(逃脫懲處).Ihadresponded(應(yīng)對(duì))bybeing___25___withthestudents.Ididn'treally___26___togotoworkthatmorning,especiallysinceitwasmybirthday.Still,Iansweredthephoneand___27___thejob.MyfamilyneededthemoneyandIcouldn't___28___tobepicky(挑剔的).AsIwasdrivingtowork,I___29___totryhardertobethebestteacherthatIcouldbe.Astheclassstarted,thestudents____30____triedtoseewhattheycouldgetawaywith.Thistime,though,Iwas____31____butfairwiththem.Ididmybesttomakemylessons____32____.Isharedsmiles,praisedtheirefforts,andencouragedthemtoworkhard.Theresultswere____33____.Myunruly(難以駕馭的)classroomsoon____34____.Studentswerelearningandlaughing,andI____35____feltlikeIwasdoingmyjobright.Iwenthomefeeling____36____inmyheartandenjoyedtherestofmybirthdaywithmyfamily.IrememberedsomethingthatIonceread:“Everydayisanewopportunityto____37____again.Everydayisyourbirthday.”Everydayisa____38____forustogetthingsright,toliveourliveswithloveandjoy,andtomakethisworldabetterplace.Don't____39____asingleday.Justtrytobethebestyoucanbe.Neverstop____40____.21.A.bothering B.calling C.knocking D.playing22.A.pay B.impress C.support D.provide23.A.waited B.asked C.looked D.headed24.A.please B.test C.persuade D.surprise25.A.patient B.honest C.satisfied D.angry26.A.want B.need C.choose D.hesitate27.A.refused B.received C.took D.completed28.A.manage B.pretend C.expect D.afford29.A.agreed B.decided C.appeared D.started30.A.intime B.atlast C.atonce D.onceagain31.A.strict B.worried C.mad D.disappointed32.A.clear B.useful C.fun D.difficult33.A.strange B.funny C.important D.amazing34.A.changed B.divided C.returned D.disappeared35.A.again B.even C.finally D.nearly36.A.confused B.happy C.tired D.upset37.A.check B.settle C.discover D.begin38.A.chance B.choice C.risk D.goal39A.spend B.forget C.waste D.save40.A.learning B.trying C.asking D.thinking【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.B25.D26.A27.C28.D29.B30.D31.A32.C33.D34.A35.C36.B37.D38.A39.C40.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者是一名代課老師，每天早上都有一個(gè)電話提示作者去哪個(gè)教室上課。為了養(yǎng)家糊口，雖然作者對(duì)學(xué)生們的不良行為感到生氣，但依舊堅(jiān)持上課并盡可能做好，學(xué)生們也慢慢改觀。這讓作者意識(shí)到每一天都是讓我們做得更好的機(jī)會(huì)，所以不要奢侈任何一天，盡我們所能做到最好?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道是誰打給我的。A.bothering打攪；B.calling打電話；C.knocking敲門；D.playing玩耍。依據(jù)空前的“Ring!Ring!Ring!”可知，我的電話響了，自然是有人給我打電話，故B項(xiàng)正確。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我是個(gè)新來的代課老師，想掙足夠的錢養(yǎng)家糊口。A.pay支付；B.impress留下深刻印象；C.support支持；D.provide供應(yīng)。依據(jù)空后的“myfamily”可知，我想掙錢養(yǎng)家，故C項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每天早上，我都會(huì)等一個(gè)電話，這個(gè)電話會(huì)告知我去另一個(gè)教室。A.waited等待；B.asked要求；C.looked看；D.headed前往。依據(jù)上文“我知道是誰打來的電話”可知，每天早晨我都會(huì)等一個(gè)告知我去哪個(gè)教室上課的電話，故A項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：最終三個(gè)班級(jí)都是在考驗(yàn)我，看看他們有多少不良行為可以逃脫懲處。A.please使興奮；B.test考驗(yàn)；C.persuade勸服；D.surprise使驚訝。空后說看看他們有多少不良行為可以逃脫懲處，因此這三個(gè)班級(jí)是考驗(yàn)我的忍耐力，故B項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的反應(yīng)是生學(xué)生的氣。A.patient耐性的；B.honest誠懇的；C.satisfied滿足的；D.angry生氣的。我是一名新來的代課老師，因此確定會(huì)對(duì)這些學(xué)生的不良行為感到生氣，故D項(xiàng)正確。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那天早上我真的不想去上班，特殊是那天是我的生日。A.want想；B.need須要；C.choose選擇；D.hesitate遲疑。上文說我對(duì)學(xué)生們的行為很生氣，而且那天還是我生日，所以我真的不想去上班，故A項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，我還是接了電話，去上班了。A.refused拒絕；B.received收到；C.took接受；D.completed完成。盡管那天早晨我真的不想去上班，但我還是接了電話去上班了，故C項(xiàng)正確。【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：家里須要我干這份工作掙錢，由不得我挑三揀四。A.manage設(shè)法做成；B.pretend假裝；C.expect期望；D.afford能夠、負(fù)擔(dān)得起。依據(jù)空前的“Myfamilyneededthemoney”可知，家里須要我干這份工作掙錢，由不得我挑三揀四，故D項(xiàng)正確。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我確定更加努力，盡我所能成為最好的老師。A.agreed同意；B.decided確定；C.appeared出現(xiàn)；D.started起先。依據(jù)空后的“totryhardertobe