專題14 完形填空夾敘夾議文和說明文 （分層練）（原卷版）

專題驗收評價專題14完形填空夾敘夾議文和說明文特點分析+高分策略內(nèi)容概覽A·?？碱}不丟分【命題點01命題點01完形填空夾敘夾議文】【命題點02完形填空議論文和說明文】【微專題動詞詞義和動詞短語辨析易錯點】B·拓展培優(yōu)拿高分C·挑戰(zhàn)真題爭滿分【命題點01完形填空夾敘夾議文】（2023上·天津·高三天津市咸水沽第一中學校考期末）Foryears,Arthurranacardealership(汽車經(jīng)銷店)inasmalltowninAustralia.Everybodyinthetownknewand1Arthur.Hewasupright,astheysaid,2andthoughtful.Helikedstrollingalongthestreetsofthetownwithhischildren.The3whomethimbytheroadsidewouldneverreturnempty-handed.Theylaterevenbegantofeelembarrassedto4hishandoutsbecausetheyjustreceivedtoomany5fromhim.Undertheinfluenceofsuchaperfectboss,hisemployees6harmoniously.Buttherewasone7—amechanic,whobrokeruleseverynowandthenandnever8it.Arthur’soldersonaskedwhyhisfatherkepttheman.Theanswerthesongotwas,“Ah,heprobablydidn’t9todothat.”Arthurthoughtthemechanicmusthavebeenthroughsomethingpainful,whichledtohis10behavior.Arthurintendedtohelp,butthemechanicseemedtobe11torevealhisheart.Somethingunexpectedhappenednext.Arthur’swifegotaseriousdisease,whichleftherunabletofunction12.Towellcareforhiswifeathome,Arthur13hisdealership.Theemployeesallfound14inotherplaces,exceptthemechanic.15,Arthurkeptpayinghimasalaryuntilhegotajob.Butitdidn’t16themechanicenough;henevervisitedthecoupleonce.ThatwasOKwithArthur.Hefairlyhad17oneverybodyaroundhim18theydidn’tshowanygratitude.Weoftenreservecompassionforthosewhowebelieve19it.Butrealcompassionisthatweofferitwithoutjudgment,eventothosearounduswhomaynotyethavethecapacityto20thefavor.1．A．suspected B．a(chǎn)ssisted C．pleased D．respected2．A．generous B．strict C．competitive D．confident3．A．traders B．beggars C．neighbors D．tourists4．A．a(chǎn)bandon B．donate C．a(chǎn)ccept D．question5．A．challenges B．treasures C．setbacks D．favors6．A．goton B．fellbehind C．stoodout D．showedoff7．A．pioneer B．reminder C．exception D．a(chǎn)lternative8．A．replaced B．balanced C．evaluated D．corrected9．A．a(chǎn)fford B．mean C．pretend D．volunteer10．A．unusual B．informal C．a(chǎn)musing D．typical11．A．disappointed B．proud C．unwilling D．unable12．A．rapidly B．independently C．gracefully D．leisurely13．A．leftaside B．partneredwith C．a(chǎn)ttendedto D．shutdown14．A．employment B．evidence C．lessons D．privileges15．A．Helplessly B．Flexibly C．Incredibly D．Obviously16．A．a(chǎn)ttract B．soften C．convince D．protect17．A．comments B．judgments C．reliance D．mercy18．A．a(chǎn)sthough B．nowthat C．evenif D．incase19．A．repeat B．deserve C．forgive D．regret20．A．return B．refuse C．prove D．spread【命題點02完形填空議論文和說明文】1.（2022上·河南漯河·高三?？计谀￤hichonesarequicklanguagelearners,adultsoryoungchildren?Itisnothardtoanswer,becausethereisnewevidenceshowingkidsreallycanlearnthingsmuch61thanadults.AstudypublishedinCurrentBiology62thatchildrenandadultshavedifferentconcentrations(含量)ofakeybrainmessengercalledGABA．This63makesnewly-learnedmaterialssteadier.Italsoproducesacalmingeffectandisthoughttolargely64nervecellhyperactivityassociatedwith65,stress,andfear.Theteamusedneuro-imaging66toexaminevisualperceptivelearninginelementarypupilsandadults.67wereshownmultipledifferentimagesandwerelateraskedquestionsaboutthemfollowingthetest.Thevisuallearning68anincreaseofGABAinchildren’svisualcortex(大腦皮層),theareaofthebrainthat69visualinformation.GABAlevelsdidn’tchangeatallwhenadults70thesamevisualtests.ChildrenparticipantskeptGABA71forhoursaftertrainingended,whiletheconcentrationsofGABAremained72intheadultsstudied.“Incontinuousbehavioralexperiments,wefoundthatchildren73steadiednewlearningmuchmorerapidlythanadults,which74thecommonbeliefthatchildrenare75toadultsintheirlearningabilities,”studyco-authorSebastianM.Franksaid.“OurresultsprovesGABAasa76playerinmakinglearningefficientinchildren.”Theseresults,theauthorsargue,should77teachersandparentstokeepgivingchildrenopportunitiestolearnanythingfromridingabiketoplayinganinstrumentthroughouttheir78.Infuturestudies,theteamplansto79thedifferencesinmaturationratesbetweenbrainregionsandfunctionsandGABAresponsesinother80oflearning,suchasreadingandwriting.61．A．deeper B．slower C．faster D．longer62．A．infers B．finds C．dedicates D．responds63．A．messenger B．brain C．study D．team64．A．strengthen B．guarantee C．enrich D．control65．A．happiness B．relaxation C．a(chǎn)nxiety D．comfort66．A．a(chǎn)rms B．a(chǎn)bilities C．techniques D．furniture67．A．Adults B．Subjects C．Researchers D．Pupils68．A．setup B．setaside C．setdown D．setoff69．A．processes B．provides C．shrinks D．interrupts70．A．a(chǎn)rranged B．took C．suffered D．digested71．A．floating B．booming C．collapsing D．sleeping72．A．consistent B．reliable C．a(chǎn)mbiguous D．a(chǎn)rbitrary73．A．partly B．doubtfully C．indeed D．vaguely74．A．proves B．predicts C．opposes D．ignores75．A．similar B．equal C．familiar D．superior76．A．key B．ridiculous C．poisonous D．random77．A．force B．encourage C．reserve D．a(chǎn)llow78．A．revolution B．teens C．childhood D．voyage79．A．inquire B．comprehend C．immerse D．explore80．A．characters B．descriptions C．certificates D．types2.（2023上·河南鄭州·高三鄭州外國語學校校考期末）Spaceexplorationhasalwaysbeentheprovinceof51:Thehumanimaginationreadilysoarswherehumaningenuity(創(chuàng)造力)strugglestofollow.AVoyagetotheMoon,oftencitedasthefirstsciencefictionstory,waswrittenbyCyranodeBergeracin1649.Cyranowasdeadandburiedforagoodthreecenturies52thefirstmannedrocketsstartedtofly.In1961,whenPresidentKennedydeclaredthatAmericawouldsendamantothemoonbythedecade’send,thosewords,too,hada53quality.Theyresonated(共鳴)withoptimismand54inmuchthesamewayasthemostfamous55speechofall,deliveredbyMartinLutherKingJr.twoyearslater.Bytheendofthedecade,bothvisionshadyieldedconcreteresultsand56Americansociety.57,inmanywaysthetwodreamsendedup58eachother.Thefightforracialandeconomicequalityisintenselypragmatic(講求實用的)andimmediateinitsimpact.Theurgetoexplorespaceisjusttheopposite.Itisfigurativelyandliterallyotherworldlyinits59.Whenthedustsettled,thespacedreamerslostout.Therewasnogrand60totheApollomissions.Thetechnologicallycompromisedspaceshuttleprogramhasjustcometoanend,withno61.Thecontinuousargumentisthat62aretight,thatwehavemorepressingproblemshereonEarth.Amidthecurrentconcernsaboutthefederaldeficit(赤字),reachingtowardthestarsseemsanunnecessaryluxury—63savingone-thousandthofasingleyear’sbudgetwouldsolveourproblems.Buthumaningenuitystruggleson.NASAisdevelopingaseriesofroboticprobesthatwillgetthemostvalueforthemoneyspent.TheywillserveasmodernMagellans,64outthesolarsystemforwhateverexplorersfollow,whethermanormachine.Ontheflipside,companieslikeVirginGalacticareplottingabottom-upassaultonthespacedreambymakingitarealitytothepublic.Privatespaceflightcouldliewithin65ofrichciviliansinafewyears.Anotherdecadeortwoanditcould66.Thespacedreamersendupbenefitingallofus—notjustbecauseofthewaytheyexpandhumanknowledge,orbecauseofthe67theyproduce,butbecausethetwotypesofdreamssupporteachother.BothMartinLutherKingandJohnKennedyappealedtotheideathathumanscan68whatwereonceconsideredgreatlimitations.Todaywefaceseemingchallengesinenergy,theenvironment,healthcare.Tomorrowwewillovercometheseaswell,andthedreamerswilldeservealotofthe69.Themoreevidencewecollectthatourspeciesis70greatness,themorewewillactuallyachieveit.51．A．dreamers B．explorers C．a(chǎn)stronomers D．novelists52．A．a(chǎn)fter B．before C．until D．while53．A．realistic B．practical C．a(chǎn)ttractive D．dreamlike54．A．reflection B．a(chǎn)mbition C．ignorance D．recognition55．A．inspiring B．public C．dream D．free56．A．a(chǎn)ttacked B．industrialized C．transformed D．a(chǎn)ccessed57．A．Therefore B．Instead C．Additionally D．However58．A．inconflictwith B．inlinewith C．incommonwith D．inpacewith59．A．a(chǎn)ims B．damage C．power D．terms60．A．followup B．breakthrough C．backup D．takeover61．A．a(chǎn)ncestor B．successor C．forefather D．a(chǎn)dvocate62．A．situations B．securities C．funds D．schedules63．A．justlike B．sothat C．a(chǎn)sif D．onconditionthat64．A．making B．figuring C．sweeping D．mapping65．A．reach B．range C．control D．knowledge66．A．dropbehind B．gomainstream C．cometopower D．digout67．A．productions B．chips C．technologies D．substitutes68．A．gobeyond B．gothrough C．goafter D．goover69．A．a(chǎn)pproval B．gratitude C．credit D．commitment70．A．preferableto B．capableof C．proudof D．convincedof【微專題名詞詞義和動詞短語辨析易錯點】（2023上·遼寧葫蘆島·高三統(tǒng)考期末）Yearsago,aneighbourkidkickedafootballandbrokeasmall36ofourhouse.Wewereafamilylivingonasmall37atthetime,soIboardeditup,thinkingI’dgettoitsomeday.Overtheyears,I’dsometimesasksomeadvicefromwindowcompanies.Theplanwastoupgradetoenergy-efficientwindowsforthewholehouse,an38process—$15,000.Itwassimplyoutof39andIturneditdownagain.40,thethoughtofthatwindowateatmeforyears.EverytimeIwentdownthere,itkept41me.IknewIneededtodealwithit,butIhadbuiltupthe42somuchinmymindthatIputitoffagainandagain.Thenmywifehadajob43,andweneededtomove.A44buyercouldn’tgetaloanonthehouseiftherewasa45window.SoIpulledofftheboardstofacethisthing.Ithadalreadybeenforatleast5years.Iusedsomerust(銹)remover,sprayedallaroundtherustedframe,andgaveita46pull.Tomy47,iteasilymoved.Ipulledthewindowoutandtookitdowntown.Itwasa12fix.Icouldhavefixedtheproblemfor12the48daywhenithappened.ButIletitworrymeforyears.49,thisisn’tjustaboutmywindow.Manyofustendtolivewithbrokenwindowsofonetypeoranotherforyears.Wesuffermorein50thaninreality.Stepforward,andyou’llfindasolution.36．A．roof B．window C．door D．curtain37．A．salary B．fame C．passion D．chance38．A．a(chǎn)ccessible B．official C．expensive D．energetic39．A．order B．balance C．breath D．reach40．A．Therefore B．Besides C．However D．Instead41．A．replying B．troubling C．driving D．reporting42．A．difficulty B．confidence C．joy D．harm43．A．change B．interest C．habit D．journey44．A．polite B．weak C．strange D．potential45．A．defeated B．fitted C．broken D．cured46．A．lazy B．strong C．familiar D．strange47．A．disappointment B．embarrassment C．a(chǎn)stonishment D．encouragement48．A．same B．different C．early D．new49．A．Frequently B．Actually C．Consequently D．Unexpectedly50．A．experiment B．discussion C．reaction D．imagination（2023下·河南開封·高三河南省杞縣高中校聯(lián)考期末）Drivinghereinthemountainscanbeachallengeinthesummertime.Theholesandstonesintheroadmakeita81ride.Thelowhangingtrees,fullofgreenleaves,82yourview.Andyoualwayshavetobeonthelookoutfordogs,catsanddeer83theroad.Isawanincredibly84sightherejusttheotherday.AsIwas85along,Isawababydeerlyingdeadalongthesideoftheroad.Itswhitespotswerestillonit.Itwassoheart-breakingtoseeitlikethatandI86ineasemoredeerwerecomingdownthemountainstodrinkfromthe87thatranalongsidethehighway.WhenI88anothercurve(拐彎處),felta(n)89insidemyheartandavoiceinsidemymind,saying“Slowdown,more!”I90myspeedagain.Suddenlytwoadultdeerleapedacrosstheroad.I91onthebrakesuntilIcametoacomplete92,andjustasIstopped,twobabydeerappearedfromthewoodsaftertheirparents,93thempassandfelt94thatIhadn’thitthosebabydeer.ThenI95andthankedmyselfforhavinglistenedtothat96inmyheartandmind.SomanytimesIhave97awhisperedurginginmyhearttosayssomething98ortohelpsomeoneinneed.Mayyoualwayslistentothe99inyourheart.Theywillturnyouintoabetter100.TheywillalwaysleadyouHome!81．A．rough B．long C．steady D．straight82．A．widen B．improve C．limit D．injure83．A．breaking B．crossing C．blocking D．destroying84．A．interesting B．a(chǎn)nnoying C．funny D．sad85．A．driving B．running C．slipping D．walking86．A．criedout B．ranaway C．sloweddown D．lookedbackward87．A．cup B．river C．car D．tree88．A．desired B．missed C．ignored D．rounded89．A．urge B．pain C．hope D．sign90．A．checked B．saw C．reduced D．forgot91．A．rested B．relied C．fell D．stepped92．A．success B．stop C．challenge D．repair93．A．watched B．made C．heard D．pulled94．A．worried B．scared C．relieved D．a(chǎn)mused95．A．lied B．froze C．hiked D．smiled96．A．lecture B．message C．noise D．news97．A．felt B．changed C．kept D．hidden98．A．special B．different C．kind D．important99．A．struggles B．a(chǎn)rguments C．stories D．whispers100．A．guide B．person C．driver D．parent【2022年浙江卷6月】Smallchildrenareeasytothrowupintheairandcatch-andthey___16___it.“Again,Daddy,again!”JackyshoutsasIthrowhimskywardsandcatchhimonthewaybackdownagain.Hethrowshisarmsandlegsout___17___hewereflying,hiseyeswidewith___18___.Histrustinmeis___19___whichisquiteanicefeeling,butatthesametimegivesmeahugesenseof___20___.IhopeJackywillalwaystrustmefully,butIknowthat,ashegets___21___,itwillneedmoreeffortandsoundjudgment____22____.Trustissuchanimportantpartofa___23___relationshipthatit’ssomethingthatcan’t___24___tolose.EverytimeI___25___Jackytosomethingnew,he’lldoitonlybecausehetrustsmeandfeels___26___intheknowledgethathewon’tgethurt.___27___,teachingJackytoswimmeanshehasto___28___that,whenhe’sswimminginthebigpool,I’llcometohisrescueifhisdoggypaddleletshimdown.___29___intheworkplace,trustisimportantforstrong___30___.Itissomethingthateverymanagershouldworkhardto___31___amongtheirteam.Ifpeopledon’ttrustyou,they’reunlikelyto___32___yourdirectionsandwillinglybecomealoyal(忠誠)teammember.A___33___oftrustcanmakepeopleworkagainstyouratherthanforyou.Attheveryleast,itmeansthatpeoplearenotgoingtobe___34___youtheirbest.Good___35___,likegoodparenting,isalong-termcommitment.16.A.deserve B.miss C.love D.know17.A.asif B.incase C.eventhough D.sothat18.A.fear B.excitement C.doubt D.astonishment19.A.reasonable B.limited C.absolute D.important20.A.relief B.satisfaction C.achievement D.responsibility21.A.older B.busier C.quieter D.healthier22.A.onmybehalf B.onmypart C.inmyhonor D.inmyname23.A.long-distance B.high-risk C.parent-child D.teacher-student24.A.afford B.choose C.wait D.expect25.A.attach B.compare C.adjust D.introduce26.A.safe B.happy C.proud D.grateful27.A.Aboveall B.Inaddition C.Atfirst D.Forexample28.A.admit B.believe C.suggest D.imagine29.A.However B.Therefore C.Similarly D.Fortunately30.A.affection B.determination C.friendship D.leadership31.A.assess B.organize C.develop D.understand32.A.repeat B.follow C.change D.forget33.A.gesture B.measure C.bond D.lack34.A.telling B.giving C.selling D.sending35.A.management B.personality C.communication D.education【2021年浙江卷1月】LastyearIdecidedtodosomevolunteerwork.Ibeganto16ontheInternetanddiscoveredVolunteerUSA．ThreemonthslaterI17myselfonaplanetoPhoenix,Arizona.Iwas18atthethoughtoflivingwithloadsofnewpeopleforthreemonths.However,withinfifteenminutesof19,myworrieshadgone.Everyonewasso20andlike-mindedthatitwasvery21tofeelathome.IwassenttotheCoronadoNationalForestformyfirst8-day22.Wehadto23everythingweneededandwalkthreemilestowhereweworked.Itmaynotseemlikea24waybutin35℃heatandwithaheavypack,mylegswereonfire.Myjobwasto25astairwayoutofrock.This26climbingupanddownthesideofamountaininhabited(棲息)bymountainlions,althoughIshouldsaytheywereonlyheard,never27.Threedayslater,abeautifulstairwaycameintobeing.The28ofknowingthatmy29willbeonthatmountainsideforyearstocomeismassive.Butonthelastnightwewere30inathunderstorm.Iwokeupatmidnighttofindaswimmingpoolinmytent.Thetemperaturewascloseto31.Ihadtospendtherestofthenighttremblingintheonly32partofmytent.33,Isufferedalot.ButIknowwhateverIhavetofaceinmylifeIwasthereandI34.IthinkIammuch35forhavingtakenpartintheproject.16．A．calculate B．negotiate C．a(chǎn)dvertise D．research17．A．imagined B．introduced C．enjoyed D．found18．A．a(chǎn)nnoyed B．surprised C．scared D．excited19．A．a(chǎn)rriving B．sleeping C．thinking D．walking20．A．confident B．friendly C．energetic D．curious21．A．funny B．good C．lucky D．easy22．A．tour B．project C．campaign D．course23．A．drop B．make C．carry D．buy24．A．nice B．safe C．long D．quick25．A．build B．test C．clean D．guard26．A．helped B．ended C．a(chǎn)llowed D．meant27．A．hunted B．trained C．seen D．fed28．A．satisfaction B．a(chǎn)mbition C．expectation D．intention29．A．work B．memory C．record D．story30．A．left B．caught C．a(chǎn)ttacked D．separated31．A．boiling B．a(chǎn)verage C．normal D．freezing32．A．tidy B．dry C．new D．soft33．A．Bytheway B．Regardlessofthat C．Needlesstosay D．Ineithercase34．A．survived B．resisted C．escaped D．recovered35．A．smarter B．stronger C．happier D．busier【2020年新課標Ⅰ】Sinceourtwinsbeganlearningtowalk,mywifeandIhavekepttellingthemthatourslidingglassdoorisjustawindow.The41isobvious.Ifwe42itisadoor,they’llwanttogooutside43.Itwilldriveuscrazy.Thekidsapparentlyknowthe44.Butourinsistingit’s45awindowhaskeptthemfrom46millionsofrequeststoopenthedoor.Ihatelyingtothekids.Onedaythey’ll47anddiscoverthateverythingthey’vealwaysknownaboutwindowsisa48.Iwonderif49shouldalwaystellthetruthnomatterthe50.Ihaveaverystrong51thattheliewe’retellingisdoing52damagetoourchildren.Windowsanddoorshave53metaphorical(比喻)meanings.I’mtellingthemtheycan’topenwhattheyabsolutelyknowisadoor.Whatiflaterin54theycometoametaphoricaldoor,likeanopportunity(機會)ofsomesort,and55openingthedoorandtakingtheopportunity,theyjust56itandwonder,＂Whatifitisn’tadoor?＂Thatis,＂Whatifitisn’ta57opportunity?＂Maybeit’sanunreasonablefear.Butthe58isthatIshouldn’tlietomykids.Ishouldjust59repeatedlyhavingtosay,＂No.Wecan’tgooutsidenow.＂Thenwhentheycometootherdoorsinlife,betheyrealormetaphorical,theywon’t60toopenthemandwalkthrough.41.A.relief B.target C.reason D.case42.A.admit B.believe C.mean D.realize43.A.gradually B.constantly C.temporarily D.casually44.A.result B.danger C.method D.truth45.A.merely B.slightly C.hardly D.partly46.A.reviewing B.approving C.receiving D.attempting47.A.winout B.giveup C.wakeup D.standout48.A.dream B.lie C.fantasy D.fact49.A.parents B.twins C.colleagues D.teachers50.A.restrictions B.explanations C.differences D.consequences51.A.demand B.fear C.desire D.doubt52.A.physical B.biological C.spiritual D.behavioral53.A.traditional B.important C.double D.original54.A.life B.time C.reply D.history55.A.bycomparisonwithB.inadditionto C.regardlessof D.insteadof56.A.getholdof B.stareat C.knockon D.makeuseof57.A.real B.typical C.similar D.limited58.A.safetyrule B.comfortzone C.bottomline D.topsecret59.A.delay B.regret C.enjoy D.accept60.A.hurry B.decide C.hesitate D.intend【2020年新課標Ⅲ】Assbusinesswoman,Icaredeeplyaboutmycustomers.Butlike