【培優(yōu)沖刺專練05】閱讀七選五（解析版）【查缺補漏】

試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁Part1時事熱點（2024·北京房山·一模）ThebeginningoftheYearoftheDragonhasforeshadoweda“SongofIceandFire”withtheemergenceofSora,atext-to-videoAImodel.VideosgeneratedbySoradisplaystrongconsistencywhenitcomestocharactersandbackgrounds,andsupportcontinuousshotsofupto60seconds,includinghighlydetailedsettingsandmultiplecameraangles.1However,filminsidersnotedthatcurrently,AI-generated60-secondvideoscannotsupportthecreationofafull-lengthmovie,andtheideathatAItoolswill“bomb”thefilmandtelevisionindustryissofarunfounded.Meanwhile,expertssaynottoworryexcessively,astheintegrationofAIwillhelpoptimizecertainoccupations,attractmoreinnovativetalentsandbringnewpossibilitiestothefilmandtelevisionindustry.2Fromtheageoffilmstocktothedigitalage,frompracticaleffectstodigitaleffects,from2Dto3D,Sora,likeanytechnologicalrevolutioninthecentury-longhistoryoffilm,willimproveproductionefficiency,updateproductionandmayevencreatenewgenresandtrendsinfilmmaking.3StudentslearningfilmproductioncanviewSoraasahelpfulassistanttounleashtheirsci-fiimagination.FacingthepanicsignalsthatAItoolswillthreatentheglobalfilmindustry,filminsidersarguedthatthefundamentalDNAoffilmisartandthathumancreativitycannotbereplaced.4Manydirectors,screenwriters,andactorsachievegreatworksbycontinuouslyintegratingpersonalemotionsandlifeexperiences.ThiskindofindividualcreativitycannotbeimitatedbymachineslikeSora.5However,justastheinventionofprintingdidnotreplaceliteratureortheinventionofphotographydidnotreplacepainting,Soraanditssubsequentupdatesandupgradeswillnotreplacefilmbecausethecoreoftheseartformsiscreativity,whichisauniqueaspectofhumanthought.A．WithOpenAI’siterationspeed,producingAIvideosdozensofminuteslongisnotfaroff.B．Itisalsolikelytobeincorporatedintofilmandtelevisioneducationandtraininginthefuture.C．Filmandtelevisionarecloselylinkedtotechnologicaladvancements,whichstimulatecreativity.D．Sorawillundoubtedlypromptchangesinexistingindustrialproductionandmayevenreplacesomejobs.E．Soraisundoubtedly“moreofanopportunitythanachallenge”fortheglobalfilmandtelevisionindustry.F．Creativityandfilmproductionrequirestheintegrationofemotionalexperiencesandindividualmemories.G．Thisimpliesthatwithjustatextdescription,ordinarypeopleusingSoramaybeabletobecome“greatdirectors”.【答案】1．G2．E3．B4．F5．D【導語】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了工智能模型Sora對電影產(chǎn)業(yè)的影響，但專家表示Sora不會取代人類。1．根據(jù)上文“VideosgeneratedbySoradisplaystrongconsistencywhenitcomestocharactersandbackgrounds,andsupportcontinuousshotsofupto60seconds,includinghighlydetailedsettingsandmultiplecameraangles.”（Sora生成的視頻在人物和背景方面顯示出強大的一致性，并支持長達60秒的連續(xù)拍攝，包括高度詳細的設置和多個相機角度。）可知，選項承接上文說明使用Sora的意義。故G選項“這意味著，只要一個文本描述，使用Sora的普通人就可能成為“偉大的導演”。故選G項。2．根據(jù)上文“Meanwhile,expertssaynottoworryexcessively,astheintegrationofAIwillhelpoptimizecertainoccupations,attractmoreinnovativetalentsandbringnewpossibilitiestothefilmandtelevisionindustry.”（與此同時，專家表示不必過度擔心，因為人工智能的整合將有助于優(yōu)化某些職業(yè)，吸引更多創(chuàng)新人才，并為影視行業(yè)帶來新的可能性）可知，選項承接上文說明Sora給影視業(yè)帶來了機會大于挑戰(zhàn)。故E選項“對于全球影視業(yè)來說，Sora無疑‘與其說是挑戰(zhàn)，不如說是機遇’”切題。故選E項。3．根據(jù)下文“StudentslearningfilmproductioncanviewSoraasahelpfulassistanttounleashtheirsci-fiimagination.”（學習電影制作的學生可以將Sora視為一個有用的助手，以釋放他們的科幻想象力。）可知，Sora可能會被應用于影視教育和培訓，成為學生一個有用的助手。故B選項“它也有可能在未來被納入影視教育和培訓”切題。故選B項。4．根據(jù)上文“FacingthepanicsignalsthatAItoolswillthreatentheglobalfilmindustry,filminsidersarguedthatthefundamentalDNAoffilmisartandthathumancreativitycannotbereplaced.”（面對人工智能工具將威脅全球電影產(chǎn)業(yè)的恐慌信號，電影業(yè)內(nèi)人士辯稱，電影的基本DNA是藝術(shù)，人類的創(chuàng)造力是不可替代的）和下文“Manydirectors,screenwriters,andactorsachievegreatworksbycontinuouslyintegratingpersonalemotionsandlifeexperiences.ThiskindofindividualcreativitycannotbeimitatedbymachineslikeSora.”（許多導演、編劇和演員通過不斷融合個人情感和生活經(jīng)歷來創(chuàng)作偉大的作品。這種個人創(chuàng)造力是Sora這樣的機器無法模仿的）可知，選項承接上文說明人類的創(chuàng)造力是不可替代的原因且要引出個人情感和生活經(jīng)歷對偉大作品創(chuàng)作的重要性。故F選項“創(chuàng)意和電影制作需要情感體驗和個人記憶的整合”切題。故選F項。5．根據(jù)下文“However,justastheinventionofprintingdidnotreplaceliteratureortheinventionofphotographydidnotreplacepainting,Soraanditssubsequentupdatesandupgradeswillnotreplacefilmbecausethecoreoftheseartformsiscreativity,whichisauniqueaspectofhumanthought.”（然而，正如印刷術(shù)的發(fā)明沒有取代文學，攝影術(shù)的發(fā)明也沒有取代繪畫一樣，Sora及其后續(xù)的更新和升級也不會取代電影，因為這些藝術(shù)形式的核心是創(chuàng)造力，這是人類思想的一個獨特方面。）可知Sora不會取代電影、讓人失去崗位，下文與選項為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系說明毫無疑問，Sora肯能促使變化，取代某些崗位。故D選項“Sora將促使現(xiàn)有工業(yè)生產(chǎn)發(fā)生變化，甚至可能取代一些工作崗位”切題。故選D項。（2023·陜西西安·一模）Doyousometimeswishtherewasaquickandeasywaytodoyourhomework?Wellanewartificialintelligencetechnologyhasbeenreleasedandpeopleareconcernedthatitcouldleadtostudentscheatingontheirwork.ChatGPTisanonlineservicewhichcannotonlyanswerquestionsbutalsowriterealisticschoolessaysjustlikehumans.6.ButwhatexactlyisChatGPTandhowcoulditaffectthefutureofhomework?ChatGPTwasreleasedlatelastyearbycompanyOpenAI,whichwasfoundedbyElonMusk.7,answeringquestionsfromtheuser.Theonlinechatbothasbeentrainedonlotsofinformationanddatafromtheinternet-itcanhaveahuman-likeconversationansweringquestions,admittingmistakesandrejectinganyinappropriatequestions.Expertssayitcanbeusedtowriteessays,stories,poemsandevensolvecomputercoding.8,whichOpenAIadmit.Sometimesitwritesanswerswhichareincorrectordon’tmakesense,anditoccasionallyguesseswhattheuserhasaskedit,ratherthanaskingmorefollow-upquestionstounderstandthequestionbetter.Whatarepeoplesayingaboutit?9.Somethinkstudentsmightuseittocheatwhereasothersthinktheyshouldusethetoolintheclassroomtohelpchildrenlearn.10.Theyarguethat,justlikewhenthecalculatororGooglewerecreated,peoplewereunsureatfirst,butifteachersintroducethetechnologyandteachpupilsthebenefitsbutalsothedownfallsthatcouldhelptheirlearning.TherearetheproblemswithChatGPT.CEOofOpenAI,SamAltmantweetedlastyear:“ChatGPTisincrediblylimited…it’samistaketoberelyingonitforanythingimportantrightnow.”A．ButtherearelimitstowhatitcandoB．ChatGPTisaneasywayforstudentstowriteanessayC．ChatGPTisgettingmixedreviewsfrompeopleD．ThetechnologychatsinaconversationalwayE．Italsoisn’talwaysaccurateaswellF．SomepeoplehavesuggestedthatthesoftwareshouldbewelcomedG．Teachersareworriedthatstudentsmayuseittocheat【答案】6．B7．D8．A9．C10．F【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了聊天機器人ChatGPT，作者認為人工智能還有很長的路要走。6．根據(jù)上文“ChatGPTisanonlineservicewhichcannotonlyanswerquestionsbutalsowriterealisticschoolessaysjustlikehumans.(ChatGPT是一個在線服務，不僅可以回答問題，還可以像人類一樣寫實際的學校論文。)”可知，此處介紹了ChatGPT的功能之一是可以寫論文。B項“ChatGPTisaneasywayforstudentstowriteanessay.(ChatGPT是學生寫文章的一種簡單方法。)”補充解釋了這一功能，符合語境。故選B。7．根據(jù)下文“itcanhaveahuman-likeconversationansweringquestions,admittingmistakesandrejectinganyinappropriatequestions.(它可以進行類似人類的對話，回答問題或拒絕任何不適合的問題。)”可知，這個在線聊天機器人可以與人類進行對話。D項“Thetechnologychatsinaconversationalway.(這項技術(shù)以對話的方式聊天。)”符合語境，承接下文“answeringquestionsfromtheuser(回答用戶的問題)”。故選D。8．根據(jù)上文“Expertssayitcanbeusedtowriteessays,stories,poemsandevensolvecomputercoding.(專家表示，它可以用來寫文章、故事、詩歌，甚至解決電腦編碼問題。)”以及下文“Sometimesitwritesanswerswhichareincorrectordon’tmakesense(有時它會寫出不正確或沒有意義的答案)”可知，上文介紹了ChatGPT的優(yōu)點，下文介紹了它的局限，所以此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，引出ChatGPT的缺點。A項“Buttherearelimitstowhatitcando.(但它所能做的是有限的。)”符合語境。故選A。9．根據(jù)上文“Whatarepeoplesayingaboutit?(關(guān)于它人們是怎么說的？)”以及下文“Somethinkstudentsmightuseittocheatwhereasothersthinktheyshouldusethetoolintheclassroomtohelpchildrenlearn.(一些人認為學生可能會用它來作弊，而另一些人則認為他們應該在課堂上使用這個工具來幫助孩子學習。)”可知，此處介紹人們對于ChatGPT的看法，人們的看法各不相同。C項“ChatGPTisgettingmixedreviewsfrompeople.(人們對ChatGPT的評價褒貶不一。)”符合語境。故選C。10．根據(jù)下文“Theyarguethat,justlikewhenthecalculatororGooglewerecreated,peoplewereunsureatfirst,butifteachersintroducethetechnologyandteachpupilsthebenefitsbutalsothedownfallsthatcouldhelptheirlearning.(他們認為，就像計算器或谷歌被創(chuàng)造出來時一樣，人們一開始也不確定，但如果教師引入這項技術(shù)，并教給學生好處和壞處，這將有助于他們的學習。)”可知，本段介紹了隨著新事物的出現(xiàn)，認清它們的優(yōu)缺點會對人們有幫助。F項“Somepeoplehavesuggestedthatthesoftwareshouldbewelcomed.(一些人建議應該歡迎這個軟件。)”最能概括本段內(nèi)容。故選F。（2023·浙江·模擬預測）ChatGPTisapowerfulchatbotdevelopedbyOpenAIandlaunchedinNovember2022.BuiltontopofOpenAI’sGPT-3familyoflargelanguagemodels,itengagesinhuman-likedialoguedirectedbyprompting(提示).11ChatGPThasnumerouspotentialuses.Butfromascientificpointofview,thereisaneedtocloselywatchthedevelopmentoftechnologieslikeChatGPTbeforereachingaconclusionabouttheirimpacts.12SoweshouldnotfearChatGPTwilltakeuphumans’jobsovernight.ChatGPT’sperformanceisbeingimproved.13However,itstillhasalongwaytogotocompletelyimitatethehumanmindandlanguagecompetence.Whenitcomestoprofessionalwriting,ChatGPT’sanswersattimesseemreasonablebutactuallyincorrectormeaningless.Itmightgivesomegoodanswerstogeneralquestions,yetitisnosubstituteforprofessionaladvice.14Itisakindofgroundbreakingresearch,butitspotentialriskshavenotbeenthoroughlystudied.Itisstillanewtechnologythatweneedtostudy,butshouldnotover-rate(高評).It’sevenunwisetoblindlycommithugeamountsofmoneytofurtherdevelopChatGPT,becauseitmaynotturnouttobesuccessfulandcreatebubblesinthehigh-techmarket.Chinahasdevelopeditsownlarge-scalelanguagemodels,suchasHuawei’sPanguNLPmodels,Baidu’sERNIE,Tencent’sHUNYUANNLPmodels,andAlibaba’sAliceMind.15Chinaneedsmorespecialmodelsinspecificfields,suchasthemodernChineselanguage,ancientChineselanguage,minoritylanguages,anddialects,tobreakthelanguagebarrieramongpeople.A．Technologyprogressesstepbystep.B．ItisimportanttoviewChatGPTobjectively.C．ChatGPTisstillaproductwithverylimitedapplication.D．Itisdesignedtorespondinanatural,understandableway.E．Butthesemodelsneedtofocusmoreondeepertechnologies.F．Ithasmadequitesomeprogressinnaturallanguageprocessing.G．ChatGPTcanaccuratelydecidewhichwordcomesnextinasentence.【答案】11．D12．A13．F14．B15．E【導語】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了由OpenAI開發(fā)的功能強大的聊天機器人ChatGPT的優(yōu)勢和缺點，告誡人們要客觀地看待ChatGPT，中國方面也已開發(fā)了多個大規(guī)模語言模型，但這些模型需要更多地關(guān)注更深層次的技術(shù)。11．根據(jù)上文“ChatGPTisapowerfulchatbotdevelopedbyOpenAIandlaunchedinNovember2022.BuiltontopofOpenAI’sGPT-3familyoflargelanguagemodels,itengagesinhuman-likedialoguedirectedbyprompting(提示).(ChatGPT是由OpenAI開發(fā)的功能強大的聊天機器人，于2022年11月推出。它建立在OpenAI的GPT-3系列大型語言模型之上，它通過提示進行類似人類的對話)”可知，ChatGPT通過提示進行類似人類的對話，D項“Itisdesignedtorespondinanatural,understandableway.(它被設計成以一種自然的、可理解的方式回應)”，與上文的human-likedialogue呼應，ChatGPT進行類似人類的對話是建立在提示的基礎(chǔ)上，所以互動中ChatGP的回應方式自然、可理解，上下文銜接連貫，故選D項。12．上文“Butfromascientificpointofview,thereisaneedtocloselywatchthedevelopmentoftechnologieslikeChatGPTbeforereachingaconclusionabouttheirimpacts.(但是從科學的角度來看，在得出關(guān)于其影響的結(jié)論之前，有必要密切關(guān)注ChatGPT等技術(shù)的發(fā)展)”提及thedevelopmentoftechnologies，A項“Technologyprogressesstepbystep.(技術(shù)是一步步進步的)”與上文呼應，下文“SoweshouldnotfearChatGPTwilltakeuphumans’jobsovernight(因此，我們不應該擔心ChatGPT會在一夜之間取代人類的工作)”，與A項為因果關(guān)系，上下文銜接連貫。故選A項。13．上文“ChatGPT’sperformanceisbeingimproved.(ChatGPT的性能正在得到改進)”，此段與ChatGPT的性能有關(guān)，F(xiàn)項“Ithasmadequitesomeprogressinnaturallanguageprocessing.(它在自然語言處理方面取得了相當大的進展)”，其中的naturallanguageprocessing是ChatGPT的性能之一，下文“However,itstillhasalongwaytogotocompletelyimitatethehumanmindandlanguagecompetence.(然而，要完全模仿人類的思維和語言能力，還有很長的路要走)”與F項為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，盡管ChatGPT的自然語言處理方面有進展，但還不是很完善，故選F項。14．根據(jù)下文“Itisakindofgroundbreakingresearch,butitspotentialriskshavenotbeenthoroughlystudied.(這是一項開創(chuàng)性的研究，但其潛在的風險尚未得到充分的研究)”可知，此段話題為ChatGPT的潛在風險，B項“ItisimportanttoviewChatGPTobjectively.(客觀地看待ChatGPT是很重要的)”轉(zhuǎn)換話題，上兩段提及ChatGPT的優(yōu)點，B項起到承上啟下的作用，故選B項。15．上文“Chinahasdevelopeditsownlarge-scalelanguagemodels,suchasHuawei’sPanguNLPmodels,Baidu’sERNIE,Tencent’sHUNYUANNLPmodels,andAlibaba’sAliceMind(中國已經(jīng)開發(fā)了自己的大規(guī)模語言模型，如華為的盤古NLP模型、百度的ERNIE、騰訊的渾源NLP模型和阿里巴巴的阿里思維)”列舉中國已有大規(guī)模語言模型，E項“Butthesemodelsneedtofocusmoreondeepertechnologies.(但這些模型需要更多地關(guān)注更深層次的技術(shù))”中的thesemodels指代上文的Huawei’sPanguNLPmodels,Baidu’sERNIE,Tencent’sHUNYUANNLPmodels,andAlibaba’sAliceMind，E項與上文為順接關(guān)系。故選E項。（2023·重慶·三模）AsAIgrowsmoresophisticatedandwidespread,thevoiceswarmingagainstthepotentialdangersofartificialintelligencegrowlouder.“Thedevelopmentofartificialintelligencecouldspelltheendofthehumanrace,”accordingtoStephenHawking.16“AIscaresthehelloutofme,”TeslaandSpaceXfounderElonMuskoncesaid.Belowwetakeacloserlookthepossibledangersofartificialintelligence.JoblossesduetoAIautomationAI-poweredjobautomationisapressingconcernasthetechnologyisadoptedinindustrieslikemarketing,manufacturingandhealthcare.Eighty-fivemillionjobsareexpectedtobelosttoautomationbetween2020and2025.17Andwhileit’struethatAIwillcreatenewjobs,manyemployeeswhowon’thavetheskillscouldgetleftbehind.SocialcontrolthroughAIalgorithms(算法)TikTokrunsonanAIalgorithmthatfillauser’sfeedwithcontentrelatedtopreviousmediathey’veviewedontheplatform.Criticismoftheapptargetsthisprocessandthealgorithm’sfailuretofilteroutharmfulandinaccuratecontent,raisingdoubtsoverTikTok,abilitytoprotectitsusersfromdangerousandmisleadingmedia.18Soitreallyleadstoasituationwhereyouliterallycannotbelieveyourowneyesandears.19Blue-collarworkershaveexperiencedwagedeclinesashighas70percentbecauseofautomation.Ontheotherhand,white-collarworkershaveremainedlargelyuntouched.Fromthissense,ifthetrendcontinues,theexistingsocialandeconomicgapsbetweendifferentracesandclasseswillbefurtherwidened.WeakeningethicsandgoodwillIfmankind’sso-calledtechnologicalprogressweretobecomeanenemyofthecommongood,thiswouldleadtoaheavyblowtomoderncivilization.TherapidriseoftheconversationalAItoolChatGPTgivestheseconcernsmoresubstance.Manyusershaveappliedthetechnologytogetoutofwritingassignments.20A．ThisfearhasbecomearealityB．WideningsocioeconomicinequalityC．FinancialcrisisbroughtaboutbyAID．Nooneknowswhat’srealandwhat’snotE．ItthreatensacademicintegrityandcreativityF．Thefamoustheoreticalphysicistisn’talonewiththisthoughtG．AsAIrobotsbecomesmarter,thesametaskswillrequirefewerhumans【答案】16．F17．G18．D19．B20．E【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了人工智能可能帶來的危險。16．根據(jù)上文“AsAIgrowsmoresophisticatedandwidespread,thevoiceswarmingagainstthepotentialdangersofartificialintelligencegrowlouder.“Thedevelopmentofartificialintelligencecouldspelltheendofthehumanrace,”accordingtoStephenHawking.(隨著人工智能變得越來越復雜和廣泛，反對人工智能潛在危險的聲音也越來越大。斯蒂芬·霍金說：“人工智能的發(fā)展可能意味著人類的終結(jié)?！?”以及后文““AIscaresthehelloutofme,”TeslaandSpaceXfounderElonMuskoncesaid.Belowwetakeacloserlookthepossibledangersofartificialintelligence.(“人工智能把我嚇壞了，”特斯拉和SpaceX的創(chuàng)始人埃隆·馬斯克曾經(jīng)說過。下面我們來仔細看看人工智能可能帶來的危險)”可知，后文提到了馬斯克也有和霍金一樣的看法，故F選項“這位著名的理論物理學家并不是唯一有這種想法的人”符合語境，故選F。17．根據(jù)上文“AI-poweredjobautomationisapressingconcernasthetechnologyisadoptedinindustrieslikemarketing,manufacturingandhealthcare.Eighty-fivemillionjobsareexpectedtobelosttoautomationbetween2020and2025.(隨著人工智能技術(shù)在營銷、制造和醫(yī)療保健等行業(yè)的應用，人工智能驅(qū)動的工作自動化是一個迫切需要關(guān)注的問題。2020年至2025年間，預計將有8500萬個工作崗位被自動化取代)”可知，上文提到“有8500萬個工作崗位被自動化取代”，說明需要的人力變少了，故G選項“隨著人工智能機器人變得更加智能，同樣的任務將需要更少的人力”符合語境，故選G。18．根據(jù)上文“TikTokrunsonanAIalgorithmthatfillauser’sfeedwithcontentrelatedtopreviousmediathey’veviewedontheplatform.Criticismoftheapptargetsthisprocessandthealgorithm’sfailuretofilteroutharmfulandinaccuratecontent,raisingdoubtsoverTikTok,abilitytoprotectitsusersfromdangerousandmisleadingmedia.(TikTok運行在一種人工智能算法上，該算法將用戶在該平臺上看過的與之前媒體相關(guān)的內(nèi)容填充到用戶的feed中。對該應用程序的批評針對這一過程，以及該算法未能過濾掉有害和不準確的內(nèi)容，這引發(fā)了對TikTok保護其用戶免受危險和誤導性媒體影響的能力的質(zhì)疑)”可知，本段提到AI算法無法為用戶過濾掉無害或不精準的內(nèi)容，因此受到TikTok批判者的質(zhì)疑。在此情況下，用戶無法分辨眼前信息的真假，因此也造成了用戶無法相信所見所聞的情況。故D選項“沒有人知道什么是真的，什么是假的”符合語境，故選D。19．根據(jù)后文“Blue-collarworkershaveexperiencedwagedeclinesashighas70percentbecauseofautomation.Ontheotherhand,white-collarworkershaveremainedlargelyuntouched.Fromthissense,ifthetrendcontinues,theexistingsocialandeconomicgapsbetweendifferentracesandclasseswillbefurtherwidened.(由于自動化，藍領(lǐng)工人的工資下降幅度高達70%。另一方面，白領(lǐng)基本上沒有受到影響。從這個意義上說，如果這種趨勢繼續(xù)下去，不同種族和階級之間現(xiàn)有的社會和經(jīng)濟差距將進一步擴大)”可知，本段的主要內(nèi)容是在講述AI帶來的日益擴大的社會經(jīng)濟不平等。故B選項“社會經(jīng)濟不平等加劇”符合語境，故選B。20．根據(jù)上文“Manyusershaveappliedthetechnologytogetoutofwritingassignments.(許多用戶使用這項技術(shù)來逃避寫作作業(yè))”可知，用AI擺脫寫作任務，這會給學術(shù)誠信和創(chuàng)造性帶來威脅。故E選項“威脅學術(shù)誠信和創(chuàng)造力”符合語境，承接上文，故選E。Part2人與自我（2024·安徽·三模）Readingisanexerciseforthemind.Itisgoodforourvocabularyandliteracyskills,teachingusmathorscienceconceptsandhelpinguslearnhistory.Apartfromthose,readinghasanotherbenefit.Haveyoureadastoryandfelttearswellupbecauseofacharacter’ssuffering?Ifso,thatisbecauseyouhaveempathy(共情)forthecharacter.21Researchshowsthathumanbrainsreactdifferentlytostoriesandfacts.22Inaddition,yourbrainthinksyouareinthestory,whichmeansyouexperiencethecharacters’thoughtsasiftheywerereal.23Thisskill,calledemotionalintelligence(EI),canmakeiteasiertocommunicateandconnectwithpeople.Researchshowsthatbuildingthisintelligencecanleadtogreatertolerance.OnestudyfoundthatpeoplewhoreadtheHarryPotternovels,whichtellstoriesabouthumansfightingagainsttheevil,werelesslikelytobehaveunfairlytowardspowerlessgroupsincludingrefugees(難民).ThistheoryofEIhasbeenputintopracticeinschools.AfterreadingTheBoyattheBackoftheClass,astoryaboutaboywhoisarefugeeescapingfromthewar,studentsinStMichael’sHighSchoolwereinspiredtodoa10-milewalkforthenon-profitorganization—RefugeeAction.2425Notonlyarewemorelikelytoengageinhelpfulbehaviorswhenwefeelempathyforotherpeople,butothersarealsomorelikelytohelpuswhentheyexperienceempathy.Forsocietytodevelop,communicativeandempatheticindividualsreallymatter.A．Inaway,allthisincreasesourabilitytoreadwell.B．Thispermitspeopletolimittheiremotionsthatothersarefeeling.C．Manymoreareasofyourbrainlightupwhenyou’reenjoyingastory.D．Italsostimulatedthemtoraise￡1,000forthehomelesscausedbywar.E．Readingencouragesustoempathizewithothers,whichcouldbebeneficial.F．Empathyhelpsyoutoreadpeople’semotionsandworkoutthebestwaytorespond.G．Ithelpsyouseeintootherpeople’sheartsandcanbelearnedthroughvariousstories.【答案】21．G22．C23．F24．D25．E【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了研究表明閱讀可以幫助培養(yǎng)同理心，這是有益的。21．上文“Haveyoureadastoryandfelttearswellupbecauseofacharacter’ssuffering?Ifso,thatisbecauseyouhaveempathy(共情)forthecharacter.(你是否讀過一個故事，因為一個人物的痛苦而熱淚盈眶？如果是這樣，那是因為你對角色有共情。)”提到“共情”，結(jié)合諸選項信息可知，G選項“它可以幫助你看到別人的心，可以通過不同的故事來學習?！逼鹾险Z境，該句就是對上文“empathy”進行說明和解釋，“it”指代“empathy”，“stories”呼應上文“story”。故選G。22．根據(jù)本段首句“Researchshowsthathumanbrainsreactdifferentlytostoriesandfacts.(研究表明，人類大腦對故事和事實的反應是不同的。)”可知，本段主要談論人的大腦會根據(jù)不同的故事和事實產(chǎn)生不同的反應；C選項“當你在欣賞一個故事時，你的大腦會有更多的區(qū)域被激活?！币彩钦務摦斎碎喿x時大腦的反應，契合語境。故選C。23．下文“Thisskill,calledemotionalintelligence(EI),canmakeiteasiertocommunicateandconnectwithpeople.(這種技能被稱為情商，可以讓你更容易與人溝通和聯(lián)系。)”講述情感智力這項技能能夠使溝通和與人建立聯(lián)系更容易，F(xiàn)選項“同理心可以幫助你讀懂別人的情緒并想出最佳方式來回應?！逼鹾险Z境，下文Thisskill指代F項中的Empathy。故選F。24．上文“AfterreadingTheBoyattheBackoftheClass,astoryaboutaboywhoisarefugeeescapingfromthewar,studentsinStMichael’sHighSchoolwereinspiredtodoa10-milewalkforthenon-profitorganization—RefugeeAction.(在讀完《教室后面的男孩》后，圣邁克爾高中的學生們受到啟發(fā)，為非營利組織‘難民行動’進行了10英里的步行活動。這本書講述了一個逃離戰(zhàn)爭的男孩的故事。)”進一步舉例說在讀了《教室后面的男孩》這本書后，圣邁克爾高中的學生的反應，選項D“這也促使他們?yōu)橐驊?zhàn)爭而無家可歸的人籌集了1000英鎊?！币彩窃谡務摲磻捍偈顾麄?yōu)橐驊?zhàn)亂而無家可歸之人募集一千英鎊，因而契合語境。故選D。25．由本空所在位置可知，此處為段首句，總括全段信息，下文“Notonlyarewemorelikelytoengageinhelpfulbehaviorswhenwefeelempathyforotherpeople,butothersarealsomorelikelytohelpuswhentheyexperienceempathy.Forsocietytodevelop,communicativeandempatheticindividualsreallymatter.(當我們對他人感同身受時，我們不僅更有可能做出有益的行為，而且當他人感同身受時，他們也更有可能幫助我們。為了社會的發(fā)展，善于溝通和善解人意的個人真的很重要。)”談論當我們對他人感同身受時，我們不僅更有可能做出有益的行為，而且當他人感同身受時，他們也更有可能幫助我們，是在講述共情對人有益。由此可知，選項E“閱讀鼓勵我們?nèi)ネ樗?，這是有益的?！逼鹾险Z境。故選E。（2024·遼寧·模擬預測）TipsForStayingActiveOvertheHolidaysTheholidayseasonishere,whichformostpeople,signalsadeparturefromtheirtypicalexerciseregime（方式，管理制度）.Beingphysicallyactiveonaconsistentbasiscanbechallengingduringthisperiodespeciallyaswetraveltoseerelativesorhostfriendsinourhomes.26Exerciseisalsoknowntogiveyouanenergyboostandreducestresslevels.Consideringthese,youcantakefollowingtipsformakingphysicalactivitiesregularinyourlifestyle,throughholidaysandbeyond.27Thisisthefirstruleofanysustainableexerciseroutine.Ifyourworkoutfeelslikeanothertaskonyourto-dolist,it’llbedifficulttostickwith.Therefore,becreativeinidentifyingphysicalactivities.Dance.Garden.Takeayogaclassonline.Allofthesecountasphysicalactivities,andevensmallamountsaddup.Findbreakstomovethroughouttheday.28Takingthree10-minutewalksduringtheday—oneinthemorning,anotherduringyourlunchandanotherafterdinner—producessimilarbenefitstospending30minutesatthegym.Inotherwords,takingshortmovementbreaksthroughoutyourdaymakesforamoreactivelifestyleandhelpsmeetyourgoals.Makeitapriority.Mostofusaremanagingcountlessresponsibilitieseveryday,soit’svitaltoconsiderphysicalactivitiesanimportantpartofyourday.29And,letothersknowwhenyou’llbebusyexercisingandhowtheycanhelpyoufindtimetodoso.Havingthesupportfromothersisanimportantelementofsuccess.Berealistic.Mostareoverlyoptimisticwhenfirstmappingoutaworkoutplan.Infact,exerciseisn’tnecessarilyatmaximalintensitytobeeffective.Besides,youdon’thavetoexercisebefore,duringandafterworkeverydayinordertohityourgoals.30A．Findsomethingyouenjoy.B．Participateinvariousphysicalactivities.C．Exercisedoesn’thavetotakeplaceinagym.D．Ofcourse,itisrealistictoavoidbeinginjuredinsports.E．Instead,justputmoremovementintoyourcurrentdailylife.F．Howeverharditseems,stayingactivecanhelpnotjustyourwaistline.G．Putitonyourschedule,justasyoumakeanappointmentwithadoctor.【答案】26．F27．A28．C29．G30．E【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了如何在假期持續(xù)進行體育鍛煉的幾種方法。26．根據(jù)上文“Beingphysicallyactiveonaconsistentbasiscanbechallengingduringthisperiodespeciallyaswetraveltoseerelativesorhostfriendsinourhomes.”（在這段時間里，堅持鍛煉身體是很有挑戰(zhàn)性的，尤其是當我們?nèi)グ菰L親戚或在家里接待朋友的時候。）說明在假期堅持鍛煉很難。以及下文“Exerciseisalsoknowntogiveyouanenergyboostandreducestresslevels.”（眾所周知，鍛煉能讓你精力充沛，降低壓力水平。）結(jié)合選項F項Howeverharditseems,stayingactivecanhelpnotjustyourwaistline.（無論多么困難，保持運動不僅僅能幫助你控制腰圍。）可知，起到上下文的承上啟下作用，上下文語意連貫。故選F項。27．由該題為段落小標題可知，為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。該段下文“Thisisthefirstruleofanysustainableexerciseroutine.Ifyourworkoutfeelslikeanothertaskonyourto-dolist,it’llbedifficulttostickwith.Therefore,becreativeinidentifyingphysicalactivities.Dance.Garden.Takeayogaclassonline.Allofthesecountasphysicalactivities,andevensmallamountsaddup.”（這是任何可持續(xù)鍛煉的第一條規(guī)則。如果你的鍛煉感覺像是你待辦事項清單上的另一項任務，那就很難堅持下去了。因此，在確定體育活動時要有創(chuàng)造性。跳舞。花園。在網(wǎng)上上瑜伽課。所有這些都算作體育活動，即使是少量的運動也要加起來。）可知，主要講的是找到你喜歡的體育鍛煉。結(jié)合選項A項Findsomethingyouenjoy.（找一些你喜歡的事情。）意思一致，為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。故選A項。28．根據(jù)下文“Takingthree10-minutewalksduringtheday—oneinthemorning,anotherduringyourlunchandanotherafterdinner—producessimilarbenefitstospending30minutesatthegym.”（每天散步三次，每次10分鐘——一次在早上，一次在午餐時間，一次在晚餐后——產(chǎn)生的效果和在健身房鍛煉30分鐘相似。）由此可反推，不一定要在健身房鍛煉才會有一樣的效果。結(jié)合選項C項Exercisedoesn’thavetotakeplaceinagym.（鍛煉并不一定要在健身房進行。）符合此推斷，上下文緊密連接，符合語境。故選C項。29．根據(jù)上文“Mostofusaremanagingcountlessresponsibilitieseveryday,soit’svitaltoconsiderphysicalactivitiesanimportantpartofyourday.”（我們大多數(shù)人每天都要承擔無數(shù)的責任，所以把體育活動作為你一天中重要的一部分是至關(guān)重要的。）說明把體育活動作為你一天中重要的一部分是至關(guān)重要的。結(jié)合選項G項Putitonyourschedule,justasyoumakeanappointmentwithadoctor.（把它寫進你的日程表，就像你和醫(yī)生預約一樣。）可知，承接上文內(nèi)容，為對上文內(nèi)容的語意遞進，上下文緊密連接。故選G項。30．根據(jù)小標題和前文主要大意，講的是制定計劃時運動量要現(xiàn)實合理，強調(diào)的是運動量，且邏輯上是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，呼應上一句“Besides,youdon’thavetoexercisebefore,duringandafterworkeverydayinordertohityourgoals.”（此外，你不需要為了達到目標而在每天工作前、工作中和工作后鍛煉。）故E選項Instead,justputmoremovementintoyourcurrentdailylife.（相反，在你現(xiàn)在的日常生活中多做些運動。）符合語境，上下文緊密連接。故選E項。（2024·陜西西安·模擬預測）TipsForaGreatFallGardenAfallgardencanbeagreatplace,whichallowsustorevel(陶醉)inthebeautyandabundanceoftheseason.Manygardenersseemtofocusonsummersomuchthatthegardencanfadeduringthefallandnotliveuptoitsfullpotential.31Growannualcropsinfall.32Whenyouswitchfromsummergrowingtoyear-roundgrowing,youwillbeamazedbyhowmuchmoreyouareabletogrowandbytheabundanceofyouryields.Bygrowingtherightcropsattherighttimes,yourgardencanbeincrediblyproductive.33Whetherforproductionorfordecoration,itisalwaysagoodideatolookfirstatnativeplants.Plantsthatarenativetoyourareashouldalwaysmakeupahighproportionoftheplantsyougrow.Selectingplentyofnativeplantsthatbloominthefallhelpsyoutoboostbiodiversityandtheylooklovelyandrightathome.Useandvaluefallleaves.Whentreesdroptheircolorfulleaves,creatingagreatfallgardenmeansmakingthemostofthoseleavesasaresourcetokeepyourgardenlookinggood.Tomakethemostoffallleaves,youcanusethemtoprotectthesoilandoverwinteringplants,toenrichthesoilandfillplantersorcontainers.34Addgardenfeaturesforyear-roundenjoyment.Makingagreatfallgardenismostlyabouttheplantsyouchooseandthewayyouchoosetogarden.Butgardensshouldnotbeentirelyabouthardwork.35Coveredseatingareas,gardenbuildings,outdoorheatso