職稱英語理工類a級(jí)模擬72

職稱英語理工類A級(jí)模擬72

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)

下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或者短語劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處劃線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。

1>Heexpressedconcernthattheshipmightbeindistress.

A.despairB.difficultiesC.

needD.danger

2、It1salladvisableideatogetoutofthedispute.

A.wiseB.urgentC.uselessD.

proper

3、Iamnotcertainwhetherhewillcome.

A.sureB.determinedC.sorry-D.

glad

4、Heseemsbizarrethesedays.

A.unusualB.absent-mindedC.crazyD.

lunatic

5、Theleadercollaboratewithyouintheproject?

A.competeB.cooperateC.coordinateD.

contend

6、Thistextistoodifficulttocomprehend.

A.understandB.digestC.summarizeD.

read

7、Theroomissmallbutcozy.

A.coldB.splendidC.comfortableD

gorgeous

8、Theleader1scorruptionunderminedtheimageofthecompany.

A.establishB.damageC.strengthenD.

consolidate

9、Thenoveldepictsthehistoryofthenation.

A.narratesB.illustratesC.

describesD.exemplify

10、Civilrightsareembodiedintheplatform.

A.includedB.excludedC.expressedD.

emerged

工工、Shelikestovisitexoticislands.

A.distantB.interestingC.remoteD

backwards

12、Thefoodwehaveisinadequate.

A.toomuchB.toomanyC.notenoughD.not

short

13>Manypeopleintheregionhavediedfromtheepidemicdisease.

A.infectiousB.inferiorC.

infiniteD.inevitable

14、Sheisincapableofdoingthedemandingjob.

A.qualifiedofB.incompetentwithC.goodatD.

ignorantof

15、It1sjustapettymistake.

A.majorB.importantC.seriousD.

minor

第2部分：閱讀判斷

下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，

請(qǐng)選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。

TheNationalTrust

TheNationalTrustinBritainplaysanincreasinglyimportantpartinthe

preservationforpublicenjoymentofthebestthatisleftunspoiledofthe

Britishcountryside.AlthoughtheTrusthasreceivedpracticalandmoralsupport

fromtheGovernmentzitisnotarichGovernmentdepartment.Itisavoluntary-

associationofpeoplewhocarefortheunspoiledcountrysideandhistoric

buildingsofBritain.Itischaritywhichdependsforitsexistenceonvoluntary

supportfrommembersofthepublic.Itsprimarydutyistoprotectplaces

ofgreatnaturalbeautyandplacesofhistoricalinterest.

Theattentionofthepublicwasfirstdrawntothedangersthreatening

thegreatoldhousesandcastlesofBritainbythedeathofLordLothian,

wholefthisgreatseventeenth-centuryhousetotheTrusttogetherwiththe

4,500-acreparkandestatesurroundingit.Thisgiftattractedwidepublicity

andstartedtheTrust1sHCountryHouseScheme".Underthisscheme,withthe

helpoftheGovernmentandthegeneralpublic,theTrusthasbeenableto

saveandmakeaccessibletothepublicaboutonehundredandfiftyofthese

oldhouses.Lastyearaboutoneandthreequartersofamillionpeoplepaid

tovisitthesehistorichouses,usuallyataverysmallcharge.

InadditiontocountryhousesandopenspacestheTrustnowownssomeexamples

ofancientwindandwatermills,naturereserves,fivehundredandfortyfarms

andnearlytwothousandfivehundredcottagesorsmallvillagehouses,as

wellassomecompletevillages.Inthesevillagesnooneisallowedtobuild,

developordisturbtheoldvillageenvironmentinanywayandallthehouses

aremaintainedintheiroriginalsixteenth-centurystyle.Overfourhundred

thousandacresofcoastline,woodland,andhillcountryareprotectedbythe

Trustandnodevelopmentordisturbancesofanykindarepermitted.Thepublic

hasfreeaccesstotheseareasandisonlyaskedtorespectthepeace,beauty

andwildlife.

SoitisthatoverthepasteightyyearstheTrusthasbecomeabigand

importantorganizationandanessentialandrespectedpartofnationallifez

preservingallthatisofgreatnaturalbeautyandofhistoricalsignificance

notonlyforfuturegenerationsofBritonsbutalsoforthemillionsoftourists

whoeachyearinvadeBritaininsearchofagreathistoricandculturalheritage.

16、TheNationalTrustisfinancedbybothpersonaldonationsandgovernment

allocations.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Britishpeople1sdependenceontheNationalTrusttoprotectplacesof

greatnaturalbeautyandplacesofhistoricalinteresthasbeenincreasing.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18>LordLothianwasoneofthefoundersoftheNationalTrust.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>TheTrust1s"CountryHouseScheme"providesaneasyaccessforthepublic

to150oldhousesorso.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Aprojectwhichistofortifya16thcenturyoldhousebutkeepitsoriginal

stylewillnotbeapprovedbytheNationalTrust.

A.RightB.

WrongC.Notmentioned

21>ThepublicmayenterinawoodundertheprotectionoftheNationalTrust

withoutpayinganymoney,buttheyarenotallowedtobringincannedfood

andbeverage.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、TheNationalTrusthelpspromotetourisminBritain.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）第23?26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為指定段落每段選擇1個(gè)最

佳標(biāo)題；（2）第27?30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

SootandSnow：aHotCombination

1.NewresearchfromNASAscientistssuggestsemissionsofblacksootalter

thewaysunlightreflectsoffsnow.Accordingtoacomputersimulation,black

sootmayberesponsiblefor25percentofobservedglobalwarmingoverthe

pastcentury.

2.SootinthehigherlatitudesoftheEarth,whereiceismorecommon,

absorbsmoreofthesun'senergyandwarmththananicy,whitebackground.

Dark-coloredblackcarbon,orsootzabsorbssunlight,whilelightercolored

icereflectssunlight.

3.Sootinareaswithsnowandicemayplayallimportantroleinclimate

change.Also,ifsnowandicecoveredareasbeginmelting,thewarmingeffect

increaseszasthesootbecomesmoreconcentratedonthesnowsurface.“This

providesapositivefeedback,asglaciersandicesheetsmelt,theytendto

getevendirtier,HsaidDr.JamesHansen,aresearcheratNASA1sGoddard

InstituteforSpaceStudieszNewYork.

4.Hansenfoundsoot1seffectonsnowalbedo（solarenergyreflectedback

tospace）,whichmaybecontributingtotrendstowardearlyspringsinthe

NorthernHemisphere,suchasthinningArcticseaicezmeltingglaciersand

permafrost.Sootalsoisbelievedtoplayaroleinchangesintheatmosphere

abovetheoceansandland.

5."Blackcarbonreducestheamountofenergyreflectedbysnowbackinto

n

spacezthusheatingthesnowsurfacemorethaniftherewerenoblackcarbon,

Hansensaid.Soot*sincreasedabsorptionofsolarenergyisespeciallyeffective

inwarmingtheworld1sclimate.11Thisforcingisunusuallyeffective,causing

twineasmuchglobalwarmingasacarbondioxideforcingofthesamemagnitude,11

Hansennoted.

6.Hansencautioned,althoughtheroleofsootinalteringglobalclimate

issubstantial,itdoesnotalterthefactthatgreenhousegasesaretheprimary

causeofclimatewarmingduringthepastcentury.Suchgasesareexpected

tobethelargestclimateforcingrestofthiscentury.

7.TheresearchersfoundthatobservedwarmingintheNorthernHemisphere

waslargeinthewinterandspringatmiddleandhighlatitudes.These

observationswereconsistentwiththeresearchers1climatemodelsimulations,

whichshowedsomeofthelargestwarmingeffectsoccurredwhentherewere

heavysnowcoverandsufficientsunlight.

23、Paragraph3

A.Soot1sRoleinChangesintheClimateandtheAtmosphere.

B.ObservationsofWarmingintheNorthernHemisphere.

C.ExplanationofIncreasedWarmingEffectCausedbySoot.

D.EfforttoReduceSnowAlbedo.

E.WaystoReduceSootEmission.

F.GreenhouseGasesastheMainFactorofGlobalWarming.

24、Paragraph4

25、Paragraph6

26、Paragraph7

27>Inthetwentiethcentury,soot.

A.producesmuchmoreglobalwarmingthanacarbon-dioxideforcingofthe

samemagnitude

B.contributedto25percentofobservedglobalwarming

C.canproducegreenhousegases

D.absorbmoreofsun1senergyandwarmththanwhitebackground

E,stillsurpasssootinwarmingtheworld1sclimateduringthelastcentury

F.canbeseenmostlyintheNorthernHemisphere

28、Hansencautionedthatgreenhousegases.

29、Blacksootcoveredsnowandice?

30、Asootforcingisunusuallyeffective,which.

第4部分：閱讀理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

如第―、植胃

Common-coldSense

1

Youcan1beatitzhutyoudon*thavetojoinit.Maybeitgotthename

ncommoncold"becauseit1smorecommoninwinter.Thefactis,though,being

colddoesn1thaveanythingtodowithgettingone.Coldsarecausedbythe

spreadofrhinoviruseszand,atleastsofar,medicalscienceisbetterat

tellingyouhowtoavoidgettingonethanhowtogetridofone.

Childrenarethemostcommonwaycoldvirusesarespreadtoadults,because

theyhavemorecoldsthanadults—anaverageofabouteightperyear.Whydo

kidsseemsomuchmoreeasilytogetcoldsthantheirparents?Simple.They

haven11hadtheopportunitytobecomeimmunetomanycoldviruses.

Therearemorethan150differentcoldviruses,andyouneverhavethe

sameonetwice.Beinginfectedbyonemakesyouimmunetoit—butonlyit.

Coldsareusuallyspreadbydirectcontact,notsneezingorcoughing.From

anotherperson1shandtoyourhandandthentoyournoseoreyesisthemost

commonroute.Thehighestconcentrationofcoldvirusesanywhereisfound

underthethumbnailsofaboy,althoughthevirusescansurviveforhours

onskinorothersmoothsurfaces.

Hygieneisyourbestdefense.Washyourhandsfrequently,preferablywith

adisinfectantsoap,especiallywhenchildreninyourhouseholdhavecolds.

Butevencarefulhygienewon11wardoffeverycold.So,whatworkswhena

coughing,sneezing,runnynosestrikes?

Theoldprescriptionoftwoaspirins,lotsofwater,andbedrestisa

goodplacetostart.Butyou'11alsofindsomeofthefolkremediesworth

trying.Hotmixturesofsugar(orhoney),lemon,andwaterhaverealbenefits.

31>Accordingtotheessay,youmayhaveacoldbecause

A.theweatheristoocold.

B.thespreadofrhinovirusesgetspeopleinfected.

C.anotherperson*scoughingpassesthecoldtoyou.

D.youwashyourhandstoooften.

32、Thebestwaytokeepyourselffromgettingcoldsis

A.tokeepyourselfclean.B.touseadisinfectant

soap.

C.totaketwoaspirinseveryday.D.todrinklotsofwater.

33>Childrenhavemorecoldsbecause

A.theyareusuallyinfectedabouteighttimeseachyear.

B.theyarenotimmunetomanycoldvirusesyet.

C.theyneverwashtheirhandssothattheirthumbnailsaredirty.

D.theydon11likeeatinglemon.

34、Whenyouarehavingacold,

A.itisalwaysthesamekindofcoldthatyouhadlasttime.

B.itmaybethesamekindofcoldthatyouhadlasttime.

C.itiscertainlynotthesamekindofcoldthatyouhadlasttime.

D.itisprobablynotthesamekindofcoldthatyouhadlasttime.

35、Whenoneishavingacold,hemayoftenhaveallthefollowingsymptoms

EXCEPT

A.coughing.B.havingasorethroat.

C.havingarunnynose.D.havingastomachache.

力J----

UrbanRainforest

OnthewestsideoftheislandofManhattaninNewYorkCity,treebytreez

leafbyleaf,a2,500squarefootsectoroftheCentralAfricanRepublic*s

DzangaNdokiRainforesthasbeentransportedto,orrecreatedatztheAmerican

MuseumofNaturalHistory1snewhallofbiodiversity.Whenthehallopens

thisMay,visitorswillvisitoneoftheworld'sbiggestandmostaccurate

reproductionofoneofnature*smostthreatenedcreations.

TobringtherainforesttoNewYork,ateamofnearlytwodozenscientists—the

largestcollectingexpeditionthemuseumhaseverorganizedforanexhibit—spent

fiveweeksintheAfricanrainforestcollectingsoilzplants,andleaves；

recordinganddocumentingspecies；studyingtrees；shootingvideotapeand

stillphotos；andinterviewinglocalpeople."Thisareahasbeenexplored

verylittle,11saysHoelCracraftwhoestimatesthatthemuseumwilleventually

collect150to180mammals,morethan300speciesofbirds,hundredsof

butterflies,andhundredsofthousands,ifnotmillions,oforganisms.The

exhibitionmayevenhaveproducedaspecialprize—scientistssuspectthey

haveuncoveredseveralnewspecies.

Togivetheforestasenseofrealness,thebackwalloftheexhibitis

anenormousvideoscreen,soundswillcomeoutfromhiddenspeakerszandplans

evencallforforestsmells.Computercontrolswillvarytheeffectssothat

notwowalkthroughswilleverbeexactlythesame.

AftertheteamreturnedtoNewYork,theforestwasreproducedwiththe

helpofthecomputerComputerModellingprogrammesplotteddistancesandspecial

relationships.Artistsstudiedphotosandbroughtwhattheysawtolife.Plaster

treesweremade.Recreatedanimalsbegantostandintherainforestofthe

hall.Flyingcreatureswillhangfromtheceiling.Thelightintheforest—one

oftheexhibit*scleverestrecreations—willseemreal.Longtubelightswill

havethecorrectcolourandtemperaturetoproduceanaturaleffect.Theplants

andanimalsexhibitedthroughoutthehallexistnaturallyinaperfect

ba1ance—removeone,andthewholeisimperfectifnotendangered.Theexhibit

isprooftothehopethattheworld*srainforestswillneverexistsolely

asacarefullypreservedartifact.

36、Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

A.ThehistoryoftheAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistory.

B.ThereproductionoftherainforestataNewYorkmuseum.

C.Visitors*interestintherainforestreproductionataNewYorkmuseum.

D.SavingrainforestsintheCentralAfricanRepublic.

37、HowdidthemuseumcollectthedataintheCentralAfricanRepublic?

A.Itsentalargeteamofscientiststhere.

B.ItcooperatedwithmanyAfricanscientists.

C.Itrecruitedlocalpeopletocollectmammals,etc..

D.Itsentcameramentoshootvideotapes.

38、Togivetheforestasenseofrealness,allthefollowingareusedEXCEPT

that

A.hiddenloudspeakersareusedtoproduceforestsound.

B.ahugevideoscreenisputuponthebackwall.

C.specialequipmentisemployedtoproduceforestsmells.

D.theforestissurroundedbyfrontandbackwalls.

39、Whatisthemainthemeofthelastparagraph?

A.Thelayoutoftherainforestexhibition.

B.Thebalancebetweenanimalsandplants.

C.Thecleverdesignoflighting.

D.Preservationoftherainforestexhibitionasanartifact.

40、Whatdoesthelastsentenceofthepassagemostprobablymean?

A.TherainforestintheCentralAfricanRepublicwillbepreservedforever.

B.Thewe11-designedexhibitwillbepreservedasanartifact.

C.Theexhibitreflectsthehopethatnaturalrainforestswillbewell

preserved.

D.Theexhibitoftherainforestinthemuseumisthesoleoneintheworld.

CreditCardOnlyWorksWhenSpokento

Acreditcardthatwillnotworkunlessithearsitsowner1svoicecould

becomeanimportantweaponinthefightagainstfraud.

Thecardrequiresuserstogiveaspokenpasswordthatitrecognizesusing

abuilt-invoice—recognitionchip.Theideaistopreventthievesusinga

stolencardorfraudstersusingsomeoneelse1screditcarddetailstobuy

goodsonline.

AmodelbuiltbyengineersatBeepcardinSantaMonica,California,

representsthefirstattempttopackamicrophone,aloudspeaker,abattery

andavoice-recognitionchipintoastandard-sizedcreditcard.

Theyarenotquitethereyet：thecardisthelengthandwidthofanordinary

creditcard,butitisstillaboutthreetimesasthick.AlanSegezBeepcard's

CEO,saysthecompanynowplanstousesmallerchipstoslimitdowntonormal

thickness.

ThevoicecardisbasedonanearlierBeepcardtechnologydesignedtoprevent

fraudinonlinetransactions.Thisearliercardhasnomicrophonezbuthas

abuilt-inloudspeakerthatitusesto11squawk"（發(fā)出叫聲）avoiceIDsignal

viaacomputer*smicrophonetoanonlineserver.

Byverifying（證實(shí)）thatthesignalmatchesthecarddetails,theserver

canestablishthattheuserisnotsimplykeyingin...acreditcardnumber

butactuallyhasthecardtohand.TheIDcodechangeseachtimethecard

isusedinapre-orderedsequencethatonlytheserverknows.

Thispreventsfraudstersrecordingthebeeps,notingthecarddetailsand

thenplayingbacktheaudibleIDwhenthekeyinthedetailslater.Butthis

earliertechnologycannotpreventfraudulentuseofstolencards.Thenew

onecan.

Thenewvoicecardalsoidentifiesitselfby-itsIDsquawk,butitwill

notdothisuntilithasverifiedthelegitimateuser1sspokenpassword.Thieves

willbeunabletousethecardbecauseeveniftheyknewthepasswordthey

wouldhavetobeunabletocopytheowner1svoicewithahighdegreeofaccuracy.

ThechallengeforBeepcardhasbeentodevelopvoice—recognitionandaudio

circuitrythatcanbepoweredbyaminibatteryembeddedinacreditcard.

Tomaximizebatterylife,theelectronicsareonlyswitchedonwhenthecard

isbeingused.Pressingabuttononthecard1ssurfacepromptsittoutter

"Sayyourpassword"infemalevoice.Ifthevoice-recognitionsoftwareproves

thatthepasswordisauthentic,itsendsitsIDsquawkwhichtheserverthen

identifies,allowingthetransactiontoproceed.

41>HowCallthecreditcardrecognizethespokenpasswordgivenbytheuser?

A.Byusingavoice-recognitionchipembeddedinthecard.

B.Byusingavoice-recognitiondevicebuiltintheserver.

C.Byfixingamicrophoneinthecard.

D.Byfixingaloudspeakerinthecard.

42、AretheengineersatBeepcardsatisfiedwiththemodeltheyhavebuilt?

Whyorwhynot?

A.Yes,becausethemodeltheyhavebuiltisastandardizedcreditcard.

B.No,becausethemodeltheyhavebuiltistooheavy.

C.Nozbecausethemodeltheyhavebuiltistoothick.

D.Yes,becausethemodeltheyhavebuiltisusedworldwide.

43、Whatisthemaindifferencebetweentheearliermodelandthenewvoice

card?

A.ThenewonecanidentifyitselfbyitsIDsquawk.

B.Thenewonecanproducebeeps.

C.ThenewoneneedstheusertokeyinIDdetails.

D.Thenewoneworksonlywhenithearsthepasswordspokenbytheuser.

44、Whatistheadvantageofthevoicecard?

A.ItissaferbecauseitrequiresmoreIDinformation.

B.Itissaferbecausethevoice-recognitionchipisbuiltin.

C.Itissaferbecausenoonebuttheusercanusethecard.

D.Itissaferbecauseitcanhardlybecheatedbyfraudsters.

45、Accordingtothelastparagraph,whatisNOTinvolvedintheprocessof

usingthevoicecard?

A.Switchingontheelectronicstomaximizethebatterylife.