GB 40559-2024電動平衡車、滑板車用鋰離子電池和電池組安全技術(shù)規(guī)范

ICS29.220.99

CCSK82

中華人民共和國國家標(biāo)準

GB40559—2024

代替GB/T40559—2021

電動平衡車、滑板車用鋰離子電池和

電池組安全技術(shù)規(guī)范

Lithiumioncellsandbatteriesusedinelectricself-balancingvehiclesand

scooters—Safetytechnicalspecification

2024?07?24發(fā)布2025?08?21實施

國家市場監(jiān)督管理總局

國家標(biāo)準化管理委員會發(fā)布

GB40559—2024

目次

前言··························································································································Ⅲ

1范圍·······················································································································1

2規(guī)范性引用文件········································································································1

3術(shù)語和定義··············································································································1

4試驗條件·················································································································6

4.1試驗的適用性·····································································································6

4.2試驗的環(huán)境條件··································································································6

4.3參數(shù)測量公差·····································································································6

4.4溫度測量方法·····································································································6

4.5測試用充放電程序·······························································································7

4.6單一故障條件·····································································································7

4.7型式試驗···········································································································7

5一般安全要求·········································································································10

5.1一般安全性的考慮······························································································10

5.2安全工作參數(shù)····································································································10

5.3標(biāo)識和警示說明·································································································10

6電池電安全試驗······································································································11

6.1高溫外部短路····································································································11

6.2過充電·············································································································12

6.3強制放電··········································································································12

7電池環(huán)境安全試驗···································································································12

7.1低氣壓·············································································································12

7.2溫度循環(huán)··········································································································13

7.3振動················································································································13

7.4加速度沖擊·······································································································14

7.5跌落················································································································14

7.6重物沖擊/擠壓··································································································14

7.7熱濫用·············································································································15

7.8針刺················································································································16

8電池組系統(tǒng)環(huán)境安全試驗··························································································16

8.1低氣壓·············································································································16

8.2溫度循環(huán)··········································································································16

8.3振動················································································································16

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GB40559—2024

8.4加速度沖擊·······································································································17

8.5跌落················································································································17

8.6應(yīng)力消除··········································································································17

8.7浸水················································································································17

8.8阻燃要求··········································································································18

8.9熱擴散·············································································································18

9電池組系統(tǒng)功能電安全試驗·······················································································19

9.1電池組管理系統(tǒng)基本要求·····················································································19

9.2過壓充電··········································································································20

9.3單節(jié)電池過壓控制······························································································20

9.4欠壓放電··········································································································20

9.5過流充電··········································································································20

9.6過流放電··········································································································21

9.7外部短路··········································································································21

9.8充電溫度保護····································································································21

9.9放電溫度保護····································································································21

9.10反向充電保護··································································································21

10安全關(guān)鍵元器件·····································································································22

10.1基本要求········································································································22

10.2元器件的評定和試驗·························································································22

11高壓電池組安全要求·······························································································22

附錄A（規(guī)范性）試驗順序···························································································23

附錄B（規(guī)范性）測試設(shè)備和測量儀器············································································24

附錄C（規(guī)范性）導(dǎo)線阻燃性試驗方法············································································25

參考文獻····················································································································26

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GB40559—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標(biāo)準化工作導(dǎo)則第1部分：標(biāo)準化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)

定起草。

本文件代替GB/T40559—2021《平衡車用鋰離子電池和電池組安全要求》，與GB/T40559—

2021相比，除結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和編輯性改動外，主要技術(shù)變化如下：

a）更改了術(shù)語“鋰離子電池”“額定能量”“過壓充電保護電壓”“放電終止電壓”“欠壓放電保護電

壓”（見3.1、3.10、3.15、3.17、3.18，2021年版的3.1、3.8、3.12、3.14、3.15）；

b）增加了術(shù)語“電池并聯(lián)塊”“電動滑板車”“參考試驗電流”“1級電能量源”“熱失控”“熱擴散”

（見3.5、3.7、3.11、3.12、3.34、3.35）；

c）刪除了術(shù)語“安全特低電壓電路”“例行試驗”（見2021年版的3.9、3.32）；

d）更改了試驗條件“試驗的環(huán)境條件”“參數(shù)測量公差”“測試用充電程序”“型式試驗概述”“樣品

的要求”“樣品的預(yù)處理”“樣品容量測試”“試驗項目”［見4.2b）、4.3、4.5.1、4.7.1、4.7.2、4.7.3、

4.7.4、4.7.6，2021年版的4.2b）、4.3、4.5.1、4.6.1、4.6.2、4.6.3、4.6.5、4.6.6］；增加了試驗條件

“單一故障條件”（見4.6）；

e）更改了“一般安全性的考慮”“標(biāo)識要求”“耐久性”（見5.1、5.3.1、5.3.3，2021年版的5.1、

5.3.1、5.3.3）；

f）更改了“高溫外部短路”“過充電”“反向充電”（見6.1、6.2、6.3，2021年版的6.1、6.2、6.3）；

g）更改了“跌落”“重物沖擊/擠壓”（見7.5、7.6，2021年版的7.5、7.6）；增加了“針刺”（見7.8）；刪

除了“燃燒噴射”（見2021年版的7.8）；

h）更改了“低氣壓”“溫度循環(huán)”“振動”“加速度沖擊”“跌落”“浸水”“阻燃”“放電溫度保護”（見

8.1、8.2、8.3、8.4、8.5、8.7、8.8、9.9，2021年版的8.1、8.2、8.3、8.4、8.5、8.7、8.9、8.10）；增加了“熱

擴散”（見8.9）；刪除了“鹽霧”（見2021年版的8.8）；

i）更改了“電池組管理系統(tǒng)基本要求”“過壓充電”“欠壓放電”“過流充電”“過流放電”“外部短

路”“反向充電”（見9.1、9.2、9.4、9.5、9.6、9.7、9.10，2021年版的9.1、9.2、9.4、9.5、9.6、9.7、

9.8）；增加了“充電溫度保護”（見9.8）；

j）更改了“高壓電池組安全要求”（見第11章，2021年版的第11章）；

k）更改了“電池組系統(tǒng)安全型式試驗順序”（見A.2，2021版的A.2）

l）刪除了“燃燒噴射試驗工裝”（見2021年版的B.2）；

m）更改了“導(dǎo)線阻燃性試驗方法”（見附錄B，2021年版的附錄C）。

請注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識別專利的責(zé)任。

本文件由中華人民共和國工業(yè)和信息化部提出并歸口。

本文件及其所代替文件的歷次版本發(fā)布情況為：

——2021年首次發(fā)布為GB/T40559—2021；

——本次為第一次修訂。

Ⅲ

GB40559—2024

電動平衡車、滑板車用鋰離子電池和

電池組安全技術(shù)規(guī)范

1范圍

本文件規(guī)定了電動平衡車