天津市中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解分層練習(xí)C(提高)

天津市中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解分層練習(xí)C

1、（2019天津中考）

Therearemanywaystohelpimproveyourhealthlikeeatinghealthy

food.Takingexerciseandgettingmedicalhelp.Buttheeasiestandcheapest

waytoimproveyourhealthisjusttosleepeighthoursormoreeverynight.The

generalsleepingruleisthattheyoungeryouare.Thelongersleepyou

need.Butregardlessof（不管）age,somepeopleneedtosleepmorewhilefor

someafewhoursisenough.

Theproblemwithsleepisthatmoreandmorepeopleintheworldarenot

sleepingenough.

AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganizationoverhalfthepeopleintheworld

maybesleep-deprived.Havinglesssleepnotonlymakespeoplefeeltiredbut

alsocausesaccidents.IntheUnitedStatesalone,sleepydriverscauseatleast

100,000trafficaccidentsayear.Alsosleepproblemscancausemedical

problemssuchashighbloodpressure（血壓）.

Whyaresomanypeoplesleep-deprived?Partofthereasonsmaybe

cultural.IntheAmericanculture,peopleputahighervalueonworkthanon

sleep.Infact,peoplewhosleepalotareusuallyseenas"lazy".Also,you

cansometimeshearsomepeoplesayproudlythattheydon'thavemuchtimeto

sleep,theyonlysleepfourorfivehoursanight.Itseemsthatthelessyousleep,

themoreworkyou'lldo.

Howdoweteachthesepeopletolearnthevalueofsleep?Perhapstheymay

listentotheadviceofDr.JamesMaas,anexpert（專家）insleep.He

says,“Sleepislikeacredit（信用卡）card.Whenyousleepless.youare

onlyborrowingtime.Youalwayshavetopayitback.Themorehoursyou

don'tsleep,themorehoursyoushouldn'tsleepto"payback"thehoursonyour

"sleepcreditcard.H,

Forthosewhovalueworkmorethansleep,theyshouldlistentowhata

famouspersononcesaid."Don'tthinkyouwillbedoinglessworkbecauseyou

sleepduringthenight.Thatisafoolish（愚蠢的）ideawhichisheldbypeople

whohavenoimagination.Youwillbeabletodomore.”

1、Accordingtothewriter,theeasiestandcheapestwaytoimprovehealthis

to_____

A?eathealthyfoodeveryday

B.takeexerciseasmuchaspossible

C.getmedicalhelpwhenevernecessary

D.sleepeighthoursormoreeverynight

2、Whatdoes"sleep-deprived"meaninParagraph2?

A.Havingagoodsleep.B.Excitedaboutsleep.

C.Havinglesssleep.D.Interestedinsleep.

3、AccordingtoDr.JamesMaas.whatissleeplike?

A.Anhour.B.Areport.

C.Acreditcard.D.Apieceofpaper.

4、WhatdothewordsofthefamouspersonmeaninParagragh5?

A.Sleepingduringthenightisfoolish.

B.Sleepingduringthenightishelpful.

C.Peoplehavenocourage.

D.Peoplealwaysdolesswork.

5、Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage,?

A.TheValueofSleepB.TheValueofStudy

C.TheWaysofEatingLessD.TheWaysofMakingMoney

2、（2018天津中考）

Inthe13thcentury.MarcoPolotheworldknownItaliantravelledsawmany

wonderfulthingsinChina.Oneofthethingshediscoveredwasmoneymadeofpaper.

PeopleintheWestdidnothavesuchkindofmoneyuntiltheI5thcentury.However

theChinesebegantouseitinthe7thcentury

PaperwasinventedbyaChinesemancalledCaiLunalmost2,000yearsago.But

itwasnotmadeinEuropeuntiltheyearI100.Fourhundredyearslater,aGerman

discoveredthathecouldmakethebestpaperfromtrees.Afterthatcountriesrichin

forests,suchasCanadaSweden.America.Finlandbecamethemostimportantonesin

papermaking

Papercanbeusedinmanyways.Thecommonusesincludenewspapers

magazinesandbooks.Butdoyouknowthatpapercanbeusedforkeepingwarm?In

Finland.thefarmerswearpaperbootstokeeptheirfeetwarminthesnow.Andeven

housescanbeinsulated（使絕緣）fromheatorcoldwithpaper.

However,wehavetounderstandthatpaperstillcomesfromtreesnow.Ifwekeep

onwastingsomuchpaper,therewillnotbeanytreesleftontheearthsomedayinthe

nearfuture.Everydaypeoplethrowawayabout2,800tonsofpaperinourcity.It

takes17treestomakeonetonofpaper.Thismeansthatwearecuttingdownnearly

48.000treeseveryday.Thefactisthatittakesmorethan10yearsforatreetogrow.

Sowemuststartsavingpaperrightnow.Wecanusebothsidesofeverypieceof

paper.Wecanmakeusefulthingsoutofusedpaper.Wecanusechinacupsinsteadof

paperones.Whenshopping,wecanusefewerpaperbagsandreusethemifwehave

some

Inshort,weshouldkeepabalance（平衡）betweenusingpaperandprotectingtrees,

anddoitnowbeforeitistoolate.

1.WhendidtheChinesebegintousepapermoney?

A.Inthe5thcentumB.Inthe6thcentury

C.Inthe7thcentumD.Inthe15thcentury

2.WhydidCanadabecomeanimportantcountryinpapermaking?

A.Becauseitwasalargecountry

B.Becauseithadlotsofforests

C.Becauseitwasaveryrichcountry

D.BecausetheinventorwasfromCanada

3.InFinland,paperisusedfor.

A.makingbedsB.reducingwaste

C.makingumbrellasD.keepingwarm

4.Accordingtothepassage,howmanytreesareneededtomakeonetonofpaper?

A.10B.17.C.2,800D.48,000

5.Paragraph5mainlytalksabout

A.howpaperbootsaremade

B.howpaperwasinvented

C.howwecansavepaper

D.howwecanmakeusefulthings

3、（2017天津中考）

AsanEnglish,Icanspeakthreelanguages一English,GermanandFrench,sodo

youthinktheBritishpeopleareverygoodlanguagelearners?Thefactisthatthey

aren't.

Somestatistics（數(shù)據(jù)）fromthesurveydonebytheEuropeanCommission（歐盟

委員會(huì)）showedthat62%oftheBritishpeopleonlyspeakEnglish.38%speakat

leastoneforeignlanguageand18%speaktwoormore.ComparedwiththeBritish

people,56%ofthepeopleinotherEuropeancountriesspeakatleastoneforeign

languageand28%speaktwoormore.FromthisyoucanseethattheBritishpeople

arefamousfornotspeakingforeignlanguagesandthattheyarenotgoodlanguage

learnersinEurope.

AndthesurveyalsoshowedthatEnglishisthemostwidely-spokenforeign

language.ManyEuropeanpeoplecanhaveaconversationinEnglish.That'swhymy

peopledon'tthinkitisnecessarytolearnaforeignlanguage.

InBritain,studentsarenotrequiredtolearnaforeignlanguage.Thatmeans

learningaforeignlanguageisonlyanoptionatschool.InUKschoolsitiscommon

forchildrentostartlearningaforeignlanguageat11andmanyofthemgiveitupat

14.Sowhydon'tstudentscontinuelearningforeignlanguagesatschool?Because

theythinkitismoredifficulttogetgoodmarksinlanguagesthaninothersubjects

suchasscienceorhistory.

Tosolvethissituation,theBritishgovernmentislookingfordifferentwaysto

improvelanguagelearningatschool.Onewayistostartlearningitatamuchyounger

age.Anotheroneistogiveschoolchildrenmorechoices.

ChangingtheBritishattitude（態(tài)度）tolearningforeignlanguagesmaybeahard

taskbutthegovernmentdecidestotry!

1.Whichcountrydoesthewritercomefrom?

A.America..B.China..C.Britain..D.Egypt.

2.WhichofthefollowingabouttheBritishpeopleistrue?

A.Theyaregoodlanguagelearners.

B.62%ofthemspeaktwoormorelanguages.

C.Theyarefamousforspeakingforeignlanguages.

D.MorethanhalfofthemonlyspeakEnglish.

3.Accordingtothepassage,studentsinBritainprefertolearn.

A.scienceorGerman.B.historyorGerman

C.scienceorhistory.D.GermanorFrench

4.InParagraph4,“anoption^^means.

A.achoice.B.agame.C.amistake.D.aconversation

5.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.SpeakingEnglish.

B.ForeignLanguageLearninginUK

C.SchoolsinUK.

D.YoungEnglishLearners

4、（2016天津中考）

Manypeopletraveltodifferentplacesintheworldbyair.Usuallyittakesalong

time,perhapshalfaday,forpassengerstostayintheplan.Soairlines（航空公司）

offerpassengersfood.Butitiscommonthattheyfeelbadaboutfoodtaste.Doyou

agree?

Tosolvethisproblem,airlinestryhardtoimprovetheirfood.Theywouldlike

todosobecausetheydon'twanttolosecustomers.

However,accordingtoscientificresearch,partofthereasonwhyplanefood

tastesbadisthatathighaltitude（海拔）wecannottastethingsaswellaswedoon

theground.Alsoscientistshavefoundthatournosesbecomeverydryevenbeforea

planetakesoff.Astheplanemovesup,thechangeinairpressure（氣壓）reduces

onethirdofthesensibility（感覺(jué)）ofourtastebuds（味蕾）.Soourtastebuds

becomesenseless.Thesadface,however,isthatournosesdon'tknowit

Allofthesehelpexplainwhyfoodontheplanetastessobad.Theyalsohelp

explainwhyairlineschoosetoofferpassengerssaltyandspicy（辛辣的）food.

Withoutdoingso,thefoodwouldbetasteless.

Nowtherearemanyresearchesonthis.Accordingtooneofthem,some

volunteersareaskedtoliewiththeirfeethigherthantheirheadsforweeks.And

scientistswritedowntheirfeelingsaboutfoodtaste.

Thoughscientiststrytheirbest,itisnotaseasyastheythought.Becausethey

can'tdealwiththespecialenvironmentsuccessfully,suchasthechangeinair

pressure,makingfoodtastegoodisstillhardfbrthem.

1.InParagraph2,“thisproblem^^means.

A.passengersstaylongintheplane

B.foodontheplanetastesbad

C.passengershavenofoodtoeat

D.foodontheplaneisexpensive

2.Whatdoairlinesdotosolvethisproblem?

A.Getmorecustomers.B.Offermorefood.

C.Improvetheirfood.D.Reducetheticketprice.

3.Astheplanemovesup,thechangeinairpressurereducesofthesensibilityof

ourtastebuds.

A.halfB.onethirdC.onefourthD.onefifth

4.Whydoscientistsfeelithardtomadefoodontheplanetastegood?

A.Thevolunteersdon'tknowaboutfoodtaste.

B.Thevolunteersdon'tunderstandthem.

C.Theycan'tfindenoughvolunteers.

D.Theycan'tdealwiththespecialenvironmentsuccessfully.

5.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.TasteofAirplaneFoodB.AirplaneTravel

C.ScientificResearchonNosesD.TheChangeinAirPressure

5、（2015天津中考）

VanuatuisanislandnationintheSouthPacific.Itisoneofthesmallest

countriesintheworld.Butfbrthosewhoareinterestedinadventureandsport,there

isalottodo.Vanuatu9sislandsoffervisitorstwoofthemostexcitinganddangerous

activitiesintheworld:volcano（火山）surfingandlanddiving.

VolcanoSurfing

OnTannaIsland,MountYasurrises300metersintothesky.Yasurisanactive

volcano,anditerupts（爆發(fā)）almosteveryday,sometimesseveraltimesaday.For

centuries,peoplehaveclimbedthismountaintovisitthetop.Recently,peoplehave

alsostartedclimbingYasurtosurfthevolcano.Insomeways,volcanosurfingislike

surfinginthesea,butinotherwaysifsverydifferent.Volcanosurferstrytoescape

theeruptingvolcano—withoutgettinghitbyflyingrocks!It'sfast,funand

dangerous——theperfectextremesport（極限運(yùn)動(dòng)）.

LandDiving

Mostpeoplearefamiliarwithbungeejumping,butdoyouknowbungeejumping

startedonPentecostIslandinVanuatuandisalmostfifteencenturiesold?The

activity,firstcalledlanddiving,ispartofareligiousceremony（宗教儀式）.Aman

tiestreevines（樹(shù)藤）tohislegs.Hethenjumpshead-firstfromahightowerto

touchtheearthwiththetopofhishead——withoutbreakingthevine.Everyspring,

islandnatives（menonly）stilltakepartinthisamazingactivity.

1.InLine2,whatdoestheword“those"mean?

A.People.B.Animals.C.Activities.D.Islands.

2.Accordingtothepassage,MountYasur.

A.isnolongeractiveB.isonPentecostIsland

C.eruptsalmosteverydayD.rises800metersintothesky

3.WhyhavepeoplerecentlystartedclimbingMountYasur?

A.Peoplecanclimbiteasily.B.Peoplecanmakemoney.

C.Peoplecanwatchsnowonit.D.Peoplecansurfthevolcano.

4.Whichofthefollowingaboutlanddivingistrue?

A.Itisnotdangerousatall.

B.Itwasfirstcalled“bungeejumping”.

C.ItisatraditionalactivityinVanuatu.

D.ItcametoVanuatufromanothercountry.

5.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

A.Totellpeoplenottododangeroussports.

B.Toexplainwhatvolcanosurfingandlanddivingare.

C.Totalkabouttheworld'sbestvolcanosurferandlanddiver.

D.TocompareactivitiesinVanuatuwithsportsinNewZealand.

6、（2019西青二模）

SmartPhone,PoorSight

Lookaroundandyou'llseepeoplebusyontheirsmartphones.Smartphonesdo

makeourliveseasier.Buthaveyoueverthoughtaboutwhattheymeantoyoureyes?

Accordingtoastudy,halfofBritishpeopleownsmartphonesnowandtheyspend

anaverageoftwohoursadayusingthem.Therehasbeena35%increaseinthe

numberofpeopleintheUKwhosufferfromshort-sightednesssincesmartphones

wereintroducedtherein1997.

Staring（盯）atsmartphonesscreenforlongtimegivesyoudryeyes.When

lookingatsomethinginthedistance,youreyesautomaticallyblink（自動(dòng)眨眼）a

certainnumberoftimes.However,whenyoulookatthingsclosertoyourface,the

blinkingslowsdown.Thisreducestheamountoftearsandcausesdiscomfortinyour

eyes.Anotherbadhabitisusingsmartphonesindarkroomsbeforegoingtosleep.If

youlookatabrightscreenwhileyourpupils（瞳孔）becomelarger,toomuchlight

entersyoureyes.Thiscandoharmtotheeyesandcauseadiseasecalledglaucoma（青

光眼）.

Whileyou'reprobablynotgoingtostopusingyoursmartphone,thereareafew

thingsyoucandotoprotectyoureyes.Holdyourphoneatleast30centimetersaway

fromyoureyeswhenusingit.Takeabreakeveryhourandtrythefollowing:lookat

somethingatleastfivemetersawayfromyouandthenfocusonthetipofyournose.

Repeatthisseveraltimes.Itshouldreducethediscomfortinyoureyes.

1.Thearticleismainlyabout.

A.howtousesmartphones

B.theharmthatsmartphonesdotousers9eyes

C.thereasonwhyteenagersgetshort-sightedness

D.advantagesanddisadvantagesofsmartphones

2.FromParagraph2,welearnthat.

A.halfoftheBritishpeoplebegantousesmartphones22yearsago

B.eachoftheBritishpeoplespendstwohoursadayonsmartphones

C.moreBritishpeoplehavesufferedfromshort-sightednesssince1997

D.thenumberofBritishpeoplewhoownsmartphonesincreasesby35%

3.Usingsmartphonesimproperlymaycause.

A.toomanyblinksB.moretearsintheeyes

C.smallerpupilsD.dryeyesandglaucoma

4.Ifyouuseyoureyesforalongtime,whichofthefollowingisnotagoodwayto

relax?

A.Holdingyourphoneatleast30centimetersawayfromyoureyes.

B.Takingabreakeveryhour.

C.Sleepingforanhour.

D.Tryingtolookatsomethinginthedistance.

5.Thisarticleiswrittentoadvisepeople.

A.nottobuysmartphonesB.tostopusingsmartphones

C.tomakefulluseofsmartphonesD.tousesmartphonesproperly

7、（2019濱海新區(qū)一模）

AncientChinaproducedmanytypesofbeautifulworksofart.Amongthem,

calligraphy（書(shū)法）,poetry（詩(shī)歌）andpaintingwerethemostfamous.Oftenthey

wouldbeputtogetherinart.ThesebecameimportantstartingwiththeSongDynasty.

Calligraphyistheartofhandwriting.Intheoldtime,theChineseconsidered

writingasanimportantformofart.Calligrapherswouldpractiseforyearstolearnto

writeperfectly,butwithstyle.Eachofover40,000characters（漢字）neededtobe

writtencorrectly.Andeachstroke（筆畫(huà)）inacharacterhadtobewritteninacertain

order.

Poetrywasalsoanimportantformofart.Greatpoetswerefamousalloverthe

country,butalleducatedpeoplewereexpectedtowritepoetry.DuringtheTang

Dynasty,poetrywassoimportantthatwritingpoetrywaspartoftheexaminationsto

becomeacivilservant（文官）andworkforthegovernment.

Chinesepaintingwasoftenconnectedwithcalligraphy.Itisoneoftheoldest

artistictraditionsintheworld.ThemosttraditionalwayofChinesepaintingisknown

as“national"or"native”painting,whichisquitedifferentfromWesternpainting.

Peoplecandrawmountains,homes,birds,treesandwateronit.

1.Calligraphersneededtowriteover_characterscorrectlyintheoldtime.

A.10,000B.20,000C.30,000D.40,000

2.WhatwaspartofthecivilserviceexaminationsduringtheTangDynasty?

A.Painting.B.Calligraphy.

C.Writingpoetry.D.Playingmusic.

3.Theunderlinedword"it"refers（指）to_.

A.CalligraphyB.Art

C.ChinesepaintingD.Westernpainting

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Calligraphy,poetryandpaintingwerethemostfamousworksofart.

B.Thestrokesofeachcharactercouldbewritteninanyorder.

C.Poetrywasanimportantformofartlikecalligraphy.

D.Chinesepaintingwasoftenconnectedwithcalligraphy.

5.What'sthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Chineseart.B.Chineseexaminations.

C.Chinesehistory.D.Chinesedynasties.

8、（2019濱海新區(qū)二模）

Onedayamanfoundacocoon（繭）ofabutterfly（蝴蝶）intheforest.Hesat

thereforseveralhoursandwatchedthebutterfly.Suddenlyasmallopeningappeared,

andthebutterflytriedhardtoforce（強(qiáng)迫）itsbodythroughthatlittlehole.Thenit

seemedtostopmakinganyprogress.Itappearedasifithadgottenasfarasitcould

anditcouldgonofurther.

Sothemandecidedtohelpthebutterfly.Hecutofftheremainingbitofthe

cocoonsothatthebutterflycouldcomeouteasily.Buttohissurprise,thebutterfly

gotaheavybodyandverysmallwingswhenitcameoutofthecocoon.

Themancontinuedtowatchthebutterflybecauseheexpectedthatthebody

wouldgrowsmalleratanymomentandthewingswouldbecomelargerandbeableto

fly.Butneitherhappened!Infact,thebutterflyspenttherestofitslifecrawling（爬）

aroundwithaheavybodyandsmallwings.Itwasneverabletofly.

Themanwasinhiskindness,buthedidnotunderstandthenaturerules.Before

thebutterflycameoutofthecocoon,fluid（流體）fromitsbodymustbeforcedinto

itswings,andthenitwouldbereadyforflying.Itmusthaveahardstruggle（拼搏）to

getthroughthesmallopeningtogetitsfreedomfromthecocoon.

Sometimesstrugglesareexactlywhatweneedinourlife.IfGodallowedusto

gothroughourlifewithoutanydifficulties,itwouldmakeusfail.Wewouldnotbeas

strongaswecouldhavebeen,wecouldneverfly.

1.Whatwasthebutterflydoingatthebeginningofthestory?

A.Itwascrawlingaroundquietlyontheground.

B.Itwasflyingamongthetreesintheforest.

C.Itwastryingtomakeacocoonforitself.

D.Itwasstrugglingtogetoutofitscocoon.

2.Themancutofftheremainingbitofthecocoon.

A.totakethebutterflyhomeB.tohelpthebutterflycomeouteasily

C.tokillthebutterflyD.tostopthebutterflygrowingbigger

3.Whatdoyouthinkoftheman?

A.Patientbutrude.B.Carefulandwise.

C.Kindbutunwise.D.Braveandfunny.

4.Whatdoesthelastparagraphtellus?

A.Strugglesaresometimesnecessaryinourlife.

B.Nothingisdifficultifweputourheartintoit.

C.Everygooddeedwillcomebackwithgoodresult.

D.Thegreatesthappinessintheworldistohelpothers.

5.Whatisthebesttitleforthestory?

A.TheLovefortheCocoonB.TheHappinessofHelpingEachOther

C.TheLessonoftheCocoonD.TheExpectationfortheButterfly

9、（2019部分區(qū)聯(lián)考一模）

Aroundtheworld,alotofpeopledonothavehomes,theyoftenlivein

dangeroussituations.Manypeopleandorganizations（組織）aroundtheworldare

workingtosolvetheproblem.MelYoungandHaraldSchmiedaretwosuchpeople.

YoungisfromScotlandandSchmiedisfromAustria.In2001,thetwomenattended

aninternationalconference（會(huì)議）abouthomelessness.Attheconference,Youngand

Schmiedbegantowonderiffootballcouldhelpthehomelesspeople.Theyknewthat

sportcouldbringpeopletogetherandgivethemhope.So,theyaskedthemselves一

whatwouldhappenifhomelesspeoplecouldtrainforandcompeteintheirown

WorldCup?

In2001,YoungandSchmiedstartedtheHomelessWorldCuporganization.The

firstHomelessWorldCuptookplaceinGraz,Austriain2003.Morethan140

homelesspeoplefrom18countriesplayed.Austriawonthecompetition.

TodaytheHomelessWorldCuporganizationworkswithmorethan70other

non-profit（非營(yíng)禾的）organizations.Eachorganizationhelpschooseandtrainlocal

homelesspeoplefortheyearlyfootballcompetition.Today,500peoplefromalmost

50countriesplayintheHomelessWorldCup.

Theplayerssaythattheeventchangestheirlives.DavidDukewashomelessand

didn'thaveajob.HeheardabouttheHomelessWorldCupin2003anddecidedto

join.HeplayedforScotland.Afterthat,lotsofgoodthingshappenedtohim.Hewent

backtoschool.Hefoundahome.HisteamwontheHomelessWorldCupin2007.

Inaddition,theorganizersoftheHomelessWorldCupsaythattheeventcan

changethewayweseehomelesspeople.Morethan100,000peoplewatchthe

HomelessWorldCupeveryyear.

1.WheredoMelYoungandHaraldSchmiedcomefrom?

A.TheybothcomefromScotland.

B.TheybothcomefromAustria.

C.SchmiedisfromScotlandandYoungisfromAustria.

D.SchmiedisfromAustriaandYoungisfromScotland.

2.WhendidtheHomelessWorldCuporganizationstart?

A.In2001.B.In2003.C.In2007.D.In2009.

3.ThewriterusesDavidDukeasanexampletoshowthat.

A.teamspiritisveryimportant

B.footballisasportthathasnoagerequirement（要求）

C.hardworkisthekeytosuccess

D.theHomelessWorldCuphelpschangepeoples9lives

4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.FewpeoplewatchtheHomelessWorldCup.

B.AustriawontheHomelessWorldCupin2007.

C.TheHomelessWorldCupworkswithmanyotherorganizations.

D.500homelesspeopletookpartinthefirstHomelessWorldCup.

5.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?

A.Ahomelessmancanbecomethebestfootballplayer.

B.Manypeopleandorganizationsarehelpingthehomelesspeople.

C.MelYoungandHaraldSchmiedsetup70organizations.

D.NoonelikestowatchtheHomelessWorldCupatfirst.

10、（2019東麗一模）

Areyoushy?Ifyouare,youarenotalone.Infact,closeto50percentofpeopleare

shy.Almost80percentofpeoplefeelshyatsomepointintheirlives.Thesedays,

shynessisbecomingmoreandmorecommon.Now,scientistsaretryingto

understandshyness.Theyhavesomeinterestingideasaboutwhypeopleareshy.

Isitpossibletobebornshy?Manyscientistssayyes.Theysay15to20percentof

babiesbehaveshyly.Thesebabiesarealittlequieterandmorewatchfulthanother

babies.Interestingly,theseshybabiesusuallyhaveshyparents.Asaresult,scientists

thinkthatsomeshynessisgenetic.

Familysizemightcausepeopletobeshyaswell.ScientistsatHarvard

Universitystudiedshychildren.Theyfoundthat66percentofthemhadolder

brothersandsisters.Thescientistssaidthatthesechildrenwereoftenbullied（欺負(fù)）

bytheirolderbrothersandsisters.Asaresult,theybecameshy.Atthesametime,

childrenwithnobrothersandsistersmaybeshyaswell.Growingupalone,they

oftenplaybythemselves.Theyarenotabletolearnthesamesocialskillsaschildren

frombigfamilies.

Youmayalsobeshybecauseofwhereyouwereborn.Whenscientistsstudied

shynessindifferentcountries,theyfoundsurprisingdifferences.InJapan,most

peoplesaidtheywereshy.ButinIsrael,onlyoneofthreepeoplesaidso.What

explainsthedifference?OnescientistsaystheJapaneseandIsraelishavedifferent

opinionsoffailure.InJapan,whenpeopledonotsucceed,theyfeelbadabout

themselves.Theyblame（責(zé)備）themselvesfortheirfailure.InIsrael,theoppositeis

true.Israelisoftenblamefailureonoutsidereasons,suchasfamily,teachers,friends

orbadluck.InIsrael,freedomofopinionandrisktakingarestronglysupported.This

maybewhyIsraelisworrylessaboutfailureandarelessshy.

Forshypeople,itcanbedifficulttomakefriends,speakinclass,andevengeta

goodjob.Butscientistssayyoucangetoveryourshyness.Theysuggesttryingnew

thingsandpracticingconversations.Anddon*tforget—ifyouareshy,youarenotthe

onlyone.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Happiness.B.Shyness.C.Kindness.D.Loneliness.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“genetic“inParagraph2probablymean?

A.Passeddownfromparents.B.Learnedfromfriends.

C.Taughtbyteachers.D.Madeupbybrothers.

3.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?

A.Mostlittlebabiesarebornshyandquiet.

B.Ifyouareshynow,youwillbeshyforever.

C.Manyshychildrenhaveolderbrothersandsisters.

D.MostIsraelipeopleareshyofexpressingopinions.

4.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatmaycauseshyness.

A.genetics,grownupsandbirthplace

B.genetics,familysizeandbirthplace

C.familysize,grownupsandfailure

D.genetics,familysizeandfreedom

5.Scientistssuggestthatshypeoplecangetovertheshynessby.

A.blamingtheirfailureonoutsidereasons

B.tryingnewthingsandpracticingconversations

C.gettingthemselvesawayfromtheirshyparents

D.tryingtounderstandreasonsfortheirshyness

11、（2019東麗二模）

Anewrubbishsortingsystem（垃圾分類系統(tǒng)）hasbeenputintousein

FangchengyuanCommunityinBeijing.Localpeoplenotonlysorttheirrubbish,but

alsoputQRcodes（二維碼）onit.

“Whentherubbishiscollectedandthecodesareseen,Iwillgetrewardpointsto

exchangeforsmallgiftsandevensomemoney,“oneofthelocalpeopletoldreporters.

“It'sreallycreativeandencouraging/9

Chinaproducesquitealotofrubbisheveryyear.Muchoftherubbishisburied

（填埋）insoilorburnedwithoutbeingsorted.Landfills（填埋場(chǎng)）takeupalotofland

andhaveariskofpollutingthesoilandwaternearby.Andburningrubbishcan

produceharmfulgases.Throughrubbishso